CN102172214A - Method for breeding rape floral leaf cytoplasmic male-sterility restoring line - Google Patents
Method for breeding rape floral leaf cytoplasmic male-sterility restoring line Download PDFInfo
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- CN102172214A CN102172214A CN 201110053847 CN201110053847A CN102172214A CN 102172214 A CN102172214 A CN 102172214A CN 201110053847 CN201110053847 CN 201110053847 CN 201110053847 A CN201110053847 A CN 201110053847A CN 102172214 A CN102172214 A CN 102172214A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding a cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) system restoring line with a floral leaf character, relating to the rape breeding technology. The method comprises the following steps: hybridizing the CMS restoring line with a floral leaf strain, wherein the floral leaf strain is used as the male parent of hybridization; when selecting the floral leaf character of the next generation, bagging the individual fertile strain with the stalk diameter of greater than 2.5 cm and plant height of 160-180 cm in the bloom period for selfing; harvesting seeds, measuring the quality and character, and selecting the individual strain of which the seed contains less than 1% of erucic acid and less than 30 mu mol/g of cake thioglycoside; and selfing for 5-8 generations to obtain a new high-quality restoring line with a floral leaf character which can be used as the male parent of test cross. By use of the character, the method not only can improve the seed production purity in the seed production process of a new variety, but also can eliminate the non-hybrid individual strain after the rape producer seeds so as to achieve the aim of increasing unit yield and income.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides the selection that a kind of floral leaf recovers system, relate to the rapeseed breeding technology.
Background technology
Studies show that the output of cross-bred rape is generally high more than 10% than normal rapeseed kind.Crossbreed generally then this season reserve seed for planting, but the intellectual property of better protection rape variety.Therefore, China will widely popularize the cross-bred rape kind.Seed selection cross-bred rape kind, the mode of utilization is more, as cytoplasmic male sterile line system (CMS), genie male sterile line system (NMS), chemical emasculation, environmental sterile system etc.Wherein utilize the kind of cytoplasmic male sterile line system authorization to account for more than annual authorization kind sum general.Therefore in present stage, the cytoplasmic male sterile line system is the main system of China's cross-bred rape breed breeding.There is unique hereditary pattern in this system: male sterile line (A system) has the cytoplasmic sterility gene and does not contain the recovery gene, does not generally produce pollen, relies on maintenance line (B system) hybridization to be bred; Maintenance line has kytoplasm can educate gene, can independently breed; Recover to have the recovery gene in system (R system) nuclear, also can independently breed; Male sterile line is that hybridization acquisition crossbreed (F1) is used for producing with recovering.As can be seen, the CMS system is the system that breeding seed selection for many years just can be used.Good crossbreed relies on A system and the hybridization of R system to obtain.The improvement of crossbreed can be accomplished by improvement A system and R.In the practices of breeding, because the improvement of A system must just can be finished by means of the improvement of B system,, be the replacement work of carrying out Hybrid rapidly generally by changing A system less, changing R more therefore in breeding hybridized unit.As seen from the above, the seed selection of the i.e. recovery of R system system is the groundwork of present CMS systematic cross kind seed selection.
It can also be seen that from the CMS hereditary pattern recover gene in the nuclear of R system the A line fertility is recovered, whether its cytogene has sterile gene does not influence its performance function.Therefore, the seed selection of R system must have the recovery gene.Its seed selection generally has two kinds of methods: (1) no matter kytoplasm whether, existingly recovers system and new excellent germplasm hybridization, choose the good stable inbred line by the offspring after, with A be that test cross obtains the test cross kind and carries out production ratio, determine good and bad.The disadvantage of this method is to guarantee whether the inbred line that obtains contains the recovery gene, and causing test cross kind major part is half sterile or complete sterility type, and few is can educate type can participate in the product ratio.Waste time and energy.(2) adopting the existing recovery that has sterile cytoplasm is to do female parent, with new excellent germplasm hybridization, carries out test cross after the stable inbred line that the screening offspring can educate.Like this, can guarantee that all test cross kinds are and can educate, can participate in the product ratio, efficient is higher.And, existing report explanation, the fertility of kytoplasm can be ignored to the negative effect of the seed selection of crossbreed.Therefore, present most of breeding units adopts second method to recover the improvement that is.
Seed purity is the key factor that influences the hybrid new breed production of hybrid seeds and popularization.It is exactly that the sterility of A system is unstable relatively that there is an inevitable shortcoming in the CMS system, run into low temperature at the florescence and may produce a small amount of pollen, so male sterile line can produce a certain proportion of seed.Next year, after planting then performance half was sterile or sterile, influenced production output.Also be easy to generate in the process such as recovery ties up to transportation, grow seedlings and mix.Because the reproduction coefficient of rape is very high, mixed in 1 year and to enter a seed, breeding back 1 year was exactly several thousand times expansion.Therefore how to utilize existing seed production system to improve the problem that the seed purity person that is the breeding work explores always.Discover, adopt the method for having now when improvement recovers system, to add a kind of new proterties and can distinguish that the assorted strain of hybrid and recovery system may be the effective means that improves purity of hybrid by naked eyes.
Cabbage type rape floral leaf proterties promptly is a kind of proterties that is very beneficial for improving the crossbreed seed purity.Its hereditary pattern shows as single-gene dominant inheritance, and is concrete with reference to Chinese oil crop journal, 23(3): 60-61.This proterties can be utilized like this: after the floral leaf proterties imports to and recovers system, recover system performance floral leaf itself, after itself and male sterile line are produced crossbreed, also show floral leaf in the hybridization.And floral leaf is the proterties that naked eyes can be observed, and can utilize this proterties to remove assorted strain in the production of hybrid seeds and production process, improves the purity of recovering system and crossbreed.
Therefore, in the seed selection process of recovering system, can and recover gene and improve, take into account other breeding objective simultaneously floral leaf as two primary proterties.Recover gene and can control the fertility of selfing strain system, and floral leaf can utilize perusal to determine by sterile cytoplasm.Studies show that floral leaf and fertility are two not chain independent characters.So the educated individual plant of floral leaf proterties when individual plant is selected, can be selected to have by breeding man, takes into account other breeding objective simultaneously, realize the seed selection that good recovery is.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
The present invention mainly is that the novel high-quality with floral leaf proterties of seed selection excellence is recovered system in being to recovery by the hybridization technique transformation with the floral leaf proterties.This method makes new varieties have the floral leaf proterties when obtaining good new rape variety.Like this, can guarantee that this kind utilizes the floral leaf proterties reject to recover the assorted strain of system in kind production of hybrid seeds process, also can make the peasant in the rape production process, remove assorted strain in the kind, raising per mu yield, thereby additional income.
Technical scheme
The present invention realizes by following scheme:
1, a kind of cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system recovers the selection of system, it is characterized in that:
1) utilizing the recovery of cytoplasmic male sterile line system is and the floral leaf incross that the floral leaf strain is as the male parent of hybridization;
2) when the offspring selects the floral leaf proterties, selecting the cane diameter in full-bloom stage〉2.5cm, plant height be the educated individual plant bagging selfing of 160-180cm; Survey quality trait behind the results seed, select the individual plant of seed content of erucic acid＜1%, grouts sulphur glycosides content＜30 μ mol/g;
3) repeating step 2) 3-6 time, promptly obtain the selfing 5-8 inbred line seed in generation, select the individual plant of seed content of erucic acid＜1%, grouts sulphur glycosides content＜30 μ mol/g, the tool floral leaf proterties cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system that promptly becomes acquisition recovers system, can be used as the test cross male parent.
The recovery of described parental cell matter male sterility system is peaceful R1, and the floral leaf product are peaceful RS1.In the cross breeding seed process, utilize the described cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system to recover system as the test cross male parent, utilize the assorted strain in the floral leaf proterties rejecting male parent row, guarantee the high-purity of cross breeding seed; In crossbreed produces, begin to remove assorted strain, guarantee the high-purity that crossbreed produces in an early stage leaf phase of seedling.
Beneficial effect
With existing recovery system and floral leaf incross, offspring's bagging that selection can be educated with floral leaf proterties, take into account other objective trait (comprising growth potential, quality trait etc.) simultaneously, so at least 4 generations of successive selection, several the good recoveries that can educate fully that obtain isozygotying are strain.The floral leaf that obtains of this method seed selection recovers system and male sterile line test cross again, and the crossbreed that obtains carries out the output approval test, screens strong advantage combination, breeds the capitata double hybrid rape kind.The floral leaf proterties has original advantage in the production of hybrid seeds of new varieties and popularization process.Can early stage seedling (occurring) utilize the floral leaf proterties to reject the high-purity that assorted strain guarantees male parent during the production of hybrid seeds since the 1st true leaf; Crossbreed also can make the purity of crossbreed reach 100% utilizing the floral leaf proterties to remove non-target strain seedling early stage (occurring since the 1st true leaf) after autumn sowing during production, reaches the purpose that improves per unit area yield, additional income.
Biological preservation
It is Wh154 that the new floral leaf of cytoplasmic sterility system recovers, depositary institution: China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, address: No. 3 Microbe Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences in Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, preservation date on October 8th, 2010, deposit number CGMCC NO.4177, the classification name: cabbage type rape (
Brassica napus).
Embodiment
Below by example the present invention is described.
Recover with the cytoplasmic male sterility that has sterile cytoplasm (1) 2004 year spring is that peaceful R1 is female parent, with the peaceful RS1 of floral leaf strain (peaceful R1 is public with peaceful RS1, sees Chinese oil crop journal, 2001,23(3): 60-61) hybridize and obtain F1.
(2) 2005 autumns, non-floral leaf individual plant was removed in normal field management seedling stage with the F1 planting seed that obtains.The floral leaf discrimination method: the floral leaf individual plant rough leaf main lobe arteries and veins both sides page is asymmetric, and a lateral lobe area is the 1/3-2/3 of opposite side only, and blade is bending; Second, third sheet true leaf respectively has two pairs or more leaf to split, and splits to carve obviously, can be deep to the main lobe arteries and veins.Non-floral leaf (normally) individual plant rough leaf main lobe arteries and veins both sides page symmetry, blade is straight; Second, third sheet true leaf has a pair of leaf to split at most, and it is not obvious, the darkest only to 1/3 of a lateral lobe face to split quarter.(specifically can be, 2001,23(3): 60-61) spring in the florescence in 2006 was selected the cane diameter with reference to Chinese oil crop journal〉2.5cm, plant height be the F1 individual plant selfing bagging of 160-180cm.Maturing stage is gathered in the crops the seed of the individual plant that do not lodge.Carry out attributional analysis after drying threshing, select the single-strain seed of seed content of erucic acid＜1%, grouts sulphur glycosides content＜30 μ mol/g.
Plant into plant with middle seed selection (3) 2006 year autumn, every bag of seed kind 4 row.Non-floral leaf individual plant is removed in normal field management seedling stage.Spring in 2007 was observed the individual plant fertility in initial bloom stage, and chose and can educate individual plant and list; Selecting the cane diameter in full-bloom stage〉2.5cm, plant height be the educated individual plant bagging selfing of 160-180cm.Maturing stage results single-strain seed.Dry attributional analysis after the threshing, still select the individual plant of seed content of erucic acid＜1%, grouts sulphur glycosides content＜30 μ mol/g.
(4) repeat (3) step 3 time, promptly obtain the inbred line seed after 5 generations of selfing.Select the individual plant of seed content of erucic acid＜1%, grouts sulphur glycosides content＜30 μ mol/g.Just the new floral leaf recovery that obtained the cytoplasmic sterility system in 2009 is that Wh154(is stored in China Microbial Culture Preservation Commission common micro-organisms center, and preserving number is CGMCC NO.4177).Wh154 is under normal cultivation management condition, and have following economical character: plant height 171cm, cane diameter are 2.6cm, and one time branch is about 7, and thousand kernel weight is 3.2 grams, and the seed content of erucic acid is 0.15%, grouts sulphur glycosides content is 21 μ mol/g.
It can be used as this strain to disposing the male parent of hybrid combination.In the cross breeding seed process, utilize the described cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system to recover system as the test cross male parent, utilize the assorted strain in the floral leaf proterties rejecting male parent row, guarantee the high-purity of cross breeding seed; In crossbreed produces, begin to remove assorted strain, guarantee the high-purity that crossbreed produces in an early stage leaf phase of seedling.
Claims (3)
1. the CMS of cytoplasmic sterility system recovers the selection of system, it is characterized in that:
1) utilizing the recovery of cytoplasmic male sterile line system is and the floral leaf incross that the floral leaf strain is as the male parent of hybridization;
2) when the offspring selects the floral leaf proterties, selecting the cane diameter in full-bloom stage〉2.5cm, plant height be the educated individual plant bagging selfing of 160-180cm; Survey quality trait behind the results seed, select the individual plant of seed content of erucic acid＜1%, grouts sulphur glycosides content＜30 μ mol/g;
3) repeating step 2) 3-6 time, promptly obtain the selfing 5-8 inbred line seed in generation, select the individual plant of seed content of erucic acid＜1%, grouts sulphur glycosides content＜30 μ mol/g, the tool floral leaf proterties cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system that promptly becomes acquisition recovers system, can be used as the test cross male parent.
2. recover the selection of system according to the described a kind of cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
The recovery of described parental cell matter male sterility system is peaceful R1, and the floral leaf product are peaceful RS1.
3. recover the application of system according to claim 1 or 2 described cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system, it is characterized in that:
In the cross breeding seed process, utilize the described cytoplasmic sterility CMS of system of claim 1 to recover system as the test cross male parent, utilize the assorted strain in the floral leaf proterties rejecting male parent row, guarantee the high-purity of cross breeding seed; In crossbreed produces, begin to remove assorted strain, guarantee the high-purity that crossbreed produces in an early stage leaf phase of seedling.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102783410A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality and double-low rapes suitable for mechanization work and with high yield, and lodging resistance |
| CN103843654A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method and application of recessive genic male sterility homozygous two-type line and temporary maintainer line of glossy leaves |
| CN104663428A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-03 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Method for breeding salt-tolerance restorer of hybridized rape |
| CN106613920A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-10 | 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心 | Method for breeding cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterility three-line |
| CN110946070A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-04-03 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding and utilization of cabbage type rape dominant genic male sterility yellow seed, flower and leaf restoring line |
-
2011
- 2011-03-07 CN CN 201110053847 patent/CN102172214A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国油料作物学报》 20010930 浦惠明等 花叶性状的遗传及其在杂交油菜育种中的应用 第60-62页 1-3 第23卷, 第3期 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102783410A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality and double-low rapes suitable for mechanization work and with high yield, and lodging resistance |
| CN103843654A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method and application of recessive genic male sterility homozygous two-type line and temporary maintainer line of glossy leaves |
| CN103843654B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-12-30 | 上海市农业科学院 | The selection of glossy leaf recessive cytoblast sterile homozygous two-type line and glossy leaf temporary maintainer line and application |
| CN104663428A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-03 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Method for breeding salt-tolerance restorer of hybridized rape |
| CN106613920A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-10 | 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心 | Method for breeding cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterility three-line |
| CN110946070A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-04-03 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding and utilization of cabbage type rape dominant genic male sterility yellow seed, flower and leaf restoring line |
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Application publication date: 20110907 |