CN102172135A - Seedling culture of fraxinus malacophylla and afforestation method in treatment of stony desertification - Google Patents

Seedling culture of fraxinus malacophylla and afforestation method in treatment of stony desertification Download PDF

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CN102172135A
CN102172135A CN2011100263821A CN201110026382A CN102172135A CN 102172135 A CN102172135 A CN 102172135A CN 2011100263821 A CN2011100263821 A CN 2011100263821A CN 201110026382 A CN201110026382 A CN 201110026382A CN 102172135 A CN102172135 A CN 102172135A
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seedling
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stony desertification
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李乡旺
陆素娟
黄春良
张清
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Southwest Forestry University
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Abstract

The invention relates to seedling culture of fraxinus malacophylla and an afforestation method in treatment of stony desertification, belonging to forestry.The invention comprises seed collecting, culture bed making, seed treatment, sowing, bagged seedling culture, seedling drought tolerance training and coming out of the nursery garden. The whole process basically enjoys full exposure seedling culture.The afforestation method comprises soil preparation in advance, afforestation and nurturing.In the invention, drought-enduring culture and afforestation tests have been carried out on broad leaf arbor indigenous trees in the semiarid stony desertification areas for years, the trees have well developed root system; in the dry season, the trees adapt to the environment in form of fallen leaves, have the advantages of great drought tolerance, high survival rate, fast growth and is highly adaptable to the semiarid stony desertification areas; and the fraxinus malacophylla planted in the severely dry season for treating stony desertification has a survival rate of 78%.

Description

Growing seedlings and the method for forestation in stony desertification is administered of softleaf ash root-bark
Technical field
The invention belongs to forestry.
Background technology
Softleaf ash root-bark (Fraxinus malacophylla) is Oleaceae (Oleaceae) Fraxinus (Flaxinus) plant, arbor, mainly be distributed in 102 °～105 ° 40 ' the eastern regions of the Yunnan Province south karst areas of 23 ° 36 '～25 ° east longitudes of north latitude and south, the middle regions of the Yunnan Province and divide karst area, be born in the broad leaved forest of height above sea level 800-1500 rice limestone mountain region more, sprout flattens, and is close by rust fine hair, the nearly cylindrical brown of old branch, little by pubescence or several no hair, hole skin is obvious.Leaf is a winglike compound leaf, and rachis is close by rust fine hair, the leaflet keratin, and the two sides is by rust fine hair, and lateral vein and middle arteries and veins are recessed, the nearly stockless of adnation leaflet; The sympodium panicle, floral white, calyx mitriform, corolla 4 row, stamen 2, samara, deposit the sepal place.This seeds wood property texture is straight, and structure is very thin, and material is heavy and hard and even, and drying shrinkage is big, in the intensity, and the impact flexibility height; Leaf contains more crude protein and crude fat, and is capable of using as feed; Its root skin, bark, fibrous root are used as medicine, and can make the substitute of the medicinal material bark of ash; Belong to together with Chinese wax, VEGFR-1 contains the tyrosine-kinase enzyme inhibition activity, and antitumaous effect is arranged.
The southern regions of the Yunnan Province Rocky Desertification Region mainly is distributed in Hong Hezhou, Wenshan Prefecture, this area's landforms mainly belong to south, the eastern regions of the Yunnan Province karst hills shape mountain plateau landforms, the devonian period is extensive to the Triassic distribution of strata, limestone has occupied this regional most areas, the mountain plateau height above sea level is 1300～1800 meters, about 200 meters of most of regional relative relief.The ratio of rainfall and evaporation discharge is 1: 3, and aridity coefficient is that 1.8, 〉=10 ℃ of accumulated temperature are 5200～6000 ℃, belongs to semiarid warm hot weather.Mining, smelting and other people are deforestation, and the stony desertification phenomenon is very serious.As Jianshui County land area 257829.7hm 2, stony desertification area 74097.2hm 2, potential stony desertification area 39687.9hm 2, be total to 113785.1hm 2, account for 44% of whole county land area.And forest disappears and half-dried hot weather replenishes the organic source that lacks, and soil limy matter is more; The karst mountain region that easily leaks a large amount of water and soil that run off, restore vegetation is very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is applying pressure-volume technology and measure the sample P V curve of 8 kinds of reproducting tree species of Rocky Desertification Region, calculate the water regime parameter, a plurality of physical signs such as measurement plant cell membrane are also comprehensively carried out the drought resistance evaluation, cultivate the strong deciduous species softleaf ash root-bark seedling of drought resistance.
The object of the invention realizes in the following manner:
(1) softleaf ash root-bark is grown seedlings
May further comprise the steps:
(1) collect seed: gather 9～November ripe and in the tree the place deposit 1～2 month samara, dry the back and be concealed in the room ventilation place, about 2.1 ten thousand the band wing seeds of per kilogram with cloth bag;
(2) make bed: make bed in late January in the next year seedling canopy wholely, make 1 meter of bedside, careful level bed or the sunken bed of grogs;
(3) seed treatment and sowing: seed is put into 5 ℃ of low temperature before broadcasting refrigerator took out in 24 hours, changing water after 1 day with 60 ℃ of emerge in worm water two days later continues to pick up in 1 day with 60 ℃ of warm water continuation immersions, sprout with wet husky vernalization to seed and to broadcast in the seedbed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, broadcasting preceding seedbed uses sufficient base fertilizer and uses the agricultural chemicals disinfection, thick about 1 centimetre of earthing, broadcast the back suppression, and set up the seedling canopy.
(4) cotyledon period management: bed surface covers grass preserves moisture, and waters every day once, keeps seedling canopy relative moisture 70～80%, and 17.8～19.8 ℃ of temperature are under the full exposure seedling stage, and the 15 days cotyledons that bury begin to be unearthed, and all sprout in 5～7 days, progressively throw off after all sprouting and cover grass; Cotyledon period grows first pair of true leaf after 15～20 days and root system begins long lateral root, grows second pair of true leaf after about 15 days and begins long fibrous root;
(5) nutritive soil preparation: part anharmonic ratio of nutritious bag nutrition soil is that 2/5 laterite, 2/5 is burnt soil, 1/5 humus soil and an amount of farmyard manure and general calcium, uses the agricultural chemicals disinfection, and is specific as follows:
The laterite physical property
Figure BSA00000425780300021
The average nutrient content of laterite
Figure BSA00000425780300022
Burn the soil physical property
Figure BSA00000425780300023
Burn the average nutrient content of soil
Figure BSA00000425780300024
(6) seedling-slowing stage management: seedling is implanted nutritious bag enter the seedbed and enter seedling-slowing stage and cultivate, begin 10～15 days sunshade nets, full photonursery stock growing in all the other times, relative moisture is identical with cotyledon period with temperature, totally 60 days, soil moisture content 30 days is to be kept to 30% after 50%, 30 day, and going out canopy was 60% in preceding 5 days;
(7) cultivate after 90～95 days more than the one-level height of seedling 15cm leading thread 0.2～0.3cm, secondary height of seedling 10～15cm, leading thread 0.15～0.2cm.
(2) method of forestation of softleaf ash root-bark in stony desertification is administered
Comprise that treelets such as pruning, clear garden, fertilising foster, and further are:
(1) in advance in advance wholely, dig cave 40cm * 40cm * 30cm in the stony desertification mountain region winter in the first year, go stone to remove grass roots, cubsoil table soil pile up separately shines in May, second and returns soil, and table soil returns in elder generation, back time cubsoil;
(2) treat to afforest behind first saturating rain July, seeding row spacing is 2.5 * 2.5m, tears nutritious bag plantation seedling tree, treads back soil, returns soil and combines closely with bag seedling soil;
(3) secondary was fostered on the 1st year in seedling tree afforestation back, and foster once the 2nd～3 year every year.
(3) the present invention and other seven kinds of seeds drought resistance evaluations
I, drafting PV curve determination water regime
Respectively in August, 2003 (rainy season) and in March, 2004 (dry season) 1470 meters of height above sea level, the moderate stony desertification location Jianshui County Yan on half light slope samples the sample plot at temple.Seeds comprise Pistacia weinmannifolia, Anlnus nepalensis, winter cherry, pinus caribaea, Portuguese cypress, new white popinac, bitter thorn and softleaf ash root-bark, intercept the healthy sprig of each seeds and take back, insert in the water, place suction dismally with the wet towel parcel, take out when reaching capacity, take by weighing saturated fresh weight (W t), slowly pressurize with the 0.02-0.04Mpa/ component velocity in " the plant moisture situation analyzer " balancing gate pit of packing into, and the branch tangent plane stops when moisture occurring, writes down the equilibrium pressure value, and the equilibrium pressure value equals plant cell flow of water P=-Ψ w, collect and extrude moisture; Repeat above step with the 0.15-0.25Mpa gradient again, be no less than 10 points, till branch is arranged not water outlet.Take out branch from the balancing gate pit, take by weighing fresh weight, place 100 ℃ baking oven 12-24 hour title dry weight W d
Water deficit RWD formula is relatively:
RWD(％)＝100(W t-W f)/(W t-W d)
W in the formula tThe saturated fresh weight W of-sample f-sample fresh weight W d-sample oven-dried weight
Calculate corresponding sprig RWD with each equilibrium pressure, 1/ Ψ reciprocal is an ordinate with water potential value, and the sprig RWD of water potential value correspondence is an abscissa, marks the position that each is measured in coordinate system.The curved portion of each measuring point before obtaining losing turgor of contacting, the straight line portion after representing to lose turgor with regression line, regression point is no less than 5 points.On the PV curve of drawing, curve and the A of the straight line place of being separated point be for losing turgor a little, the whole osmotic potential Ψ when turgescence is put corresponding cell and lost turgor π 0Be the intersection value of the B point and the longitudinal axis, the intersection value of B point and transverse axis is the RWD of sprig 0The intersection point that the linear equation that comes out according to match is obtained straight line and transverse axis is free water percentage composition V sWith absorb water osmotic potential Ψ when saturated of the intersection point of the longitudinal axis and sprig π 100As shown in Figure 1.Draw eight kinds of seeds PV curves, calculate water regime parameter in the plant corpus, result such as table 1 and 2.
The Water Physiology parameter of table 1 each seeds of in August, 2003
Drought resistant index ?Ψπ 0(-MPa) RWD 0(％) Ψπ 100(-MPa) V a/V s V p/V 0(％)
New white popinac ?1.200 18.606 0.826 0.545 71.252
Winter cherry ?1.796 19.241 1.338 0.335 74.629
The pinus caribaea ?1.175 19.533 0.685 1.171 57.757
Portuguese cypress ?1.375 31.300 0.880 0.182 62.862
Pistacia weinmannifolia ?1.976 12.666 0.016 0.568 80.140
Bitter thorn ?1.318 27.311 0.012 0.219 66.777
Anlnus nepalensis ?1.401 20.195 1.065 0.215 75.472
Softleaf ash root-bark ?1.631 17.375 0.012 0.227 78.741
The Water Physiology parameter of table 2 each seeds of in March, 2004
Drought resistant index ?Ψπ 0(-MPa) RWD 0(％) Ψπ 100(-MPa) V a/V s V p/V 0(％)
New white popinac ?1.616 19.467 1.169 0.391 72.68
Winter cherry ?1.677 14.711 1.338 0.441 78.816
The pinus caribaea ?1.391 13.351 0.689 2.724 51.197
Portuguese cypress ?1.765 25.18 0.016 0.573 60.233
Pistacia weinmannifolia ?1.776 11.065 0.03 1.993 67.012
Bitter thorn ?1.304 22.668 0.013 0.337 69.616
Anlnus nepalensis ?1.187 30.748 0.015 0.467 43.844
Softleaf ash root-bark ?1.753 13.821 0.016 0.591 77.654
Table 1 and 2 explanations:
ψ π 0Be that the plant cell turgescence is zero osmotic pressure when plasmolysis takes place, plant can't initiatively absorb water, the blade wilting, and physiological and biochemical activity is difficult to keep, plant Ψ π 0The absolute value height, the ability of restraining oneself provisional arid is strong.When rainy season and dry season with Ψ π 0The sort drought resistance of each seeds of value decline degree: softleaf ash root-bark＞pinus caribaea＞Portuguese cypress＞new white popinac＞Anlnus nepalensis＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞winter cherry＞hardship stung.
Relative water deficit value RWD 0It is the percentage difference of plant maximum saturation water content and actual water content.The water deficit value is big more, and it is far away more from saturated situation.RWD when turgescence is zero 0Little, then plant is kept physiological function, and drought resistance is strong.Compare rainy season and dry season RWD 0Get the drought resistance ordering: pinus caribaea＞winter cherry＞softleaf ash root-bark＞Portuguese cypress＞hardship thorn＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞new white popinac＞Anlnus nepalensis
Saturation gesture Ψ π 100The size that refers to the saturated osmotic potential that has of plant corpus suction, Ψ π 100Absolute value is big more, and cell sap concentration is big more, when arid plant carry out osmotic adjustment to keep the ability of turgescence strong more.Twice contrast drought resistance ordering is: Pistacia weinmannifolia＞new white popinac＞softleaf ash root-bark＞hardship thorn＞pinus caribaea＞winter cherry＞Portuguese cypress＞Anlnus nepalensis.
The ratio Va/Vs of irreducible water and free water.The physiological situation of ratio reflection plant between irreducible water and the free water, the ratio of free water increases, when being the Va/Vs minimizing, the metabolic activity of plant corpus is strengthened, and growth is very fast, and resistance weakens, otherwise, the ratio of free water reduces, and when promptly Va/Vs increased, then resistance strengthened the metabolic activity of plant corpus with regard to obviously weakening.Measure each seeds Va/Vs value all than height in August, 2003 in rainy season in March, 2004 in dry season, show that resistance all strengthens than normal epoch.The degree ordering that the Va/Vs value increases is: the white popinac of Pistacia weinmannifolia＞Portuguese cypress＞softleaf ash root-bark＞pinus caribaea＞Anlnus nepalensis＞hardship thorn＞winter cherry＞newly.
II, the relative membrane permeability of cell membrane, cell soluble substance and organize three kinds of enzyme activity determinations
Jianshui County Yan the temple sample plot is intercepted the band leaf branch end of each seeds randomly, separated into two parts is taken back, and wherein, a part is put into the sampling bucket and guaranteed that not dehydration, a part put into liquid nitrogen container and keep enzymic activity.The former is the material of the interior soluble substance of measuring plants cell after mensuration relative membrane permeability of cell membrane and weighing complete, and the latter measures the materials that three kinds of enzymes of plant tissue are lived.
(1) saturating relatively property of cell membrane and result
Principle: adverse circumstance will injure plant tissue, destroy the function or the structure of film, make its saturating property increase, and various water-soluble substanceses comprise that electrolyte exosmoses in the cell, immerse in the deionized water, and the conductivity of water strengthens, and injury is heavy more, and it is many more to exosmose, and conductivity is big more.Measure the conductivity value added of outer liquid with conductivity gauge and learn extent of injury.Computing formula is:
The saturating relatively property (%) of cell membrane=arid electrical conductivity/boil electrical conductivity * 100
According to plant after being subjected to drought stress its to sexually revise little drought resistance thoroughly strong, injury rate 50% is a half lethal dose, the following drought resistance of 30%-40% is stronger, 50% above drought resistance weak (Liu Zuqi, Zhang Shicheng.Plant resistance to environment stress physiology, Chinese agriculture publishing house, 1996).Rainy season and dry season, twice measurement result sequence of calculation was: softleaf ash root-bark＞winter cherry＞new white popinac＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞hardship thorn＞pinus caribaea＞Anlnus nepalensis＞Portuguese cypress.
(2) soluble substance is measured and the result in the plant cell
The mensuration of a, soluble sugar content and result
The plant that has can initiatively accumulate some soluble sugars in order to adapt to drought condition, reduces osmotic potential to adapt to the variation of external environmental condition, and the content of using soluble sugar is as the drought resistance relative strength index.Principle: sugar is under concentrated sulfuric acid effect, can generate alditol or hydrocarbon methyl alditol through dehydration, the alditol of generation or hydrocarbon methyl alditol can generate blue-green alditol derivative with anthrone reaction, within the specific limits, the depth of color is directly proportional with the content of sugar, so mensuration available and sugar.The coloring matter that carbohydrate and anthrone reaction generate is 630nm at the absworption peak of visible region, so can carry out colorimetric under this wavelength.Can adopt anthrone colorimetric method for determining (plant physiology experiment instruction, 1987)
Soluble sugar content=(A * B * C)/(D * E * 10 6)
In the formula: A-checks in from calibration curve; B-extracts liquid measure (ml); The C-extension rate; D-draws the volume (ml) of sample liquid; E-sample dry weight (g).
According to the soluble sugar content that rainy season and dry season, measurement result calculated relatively draw seeds dry season soluble sugar content all than rainy season soluble sugar content lack, illustrate that eight kinds of seeds do not carry out osmotic adjustment by the accumulation soluble sugar.This index is cast out in comprehensive marking.
The mensuration of b, free proline content and result
With the cumulant of proline in the plant corpus what as the drought resistance relative strength index, be since under the arid situation proline aquation is preferably arranged, secondly, proline can improve the stability of protoplasm colloid, is the decisive factor of stable material metabolism.Therefore, the accumulation increase of proline can make dehydration reduce in the plant corpus.
Under acid condition, proline and ninhydrin reaction generate stable red condensation product, and after the toluene extraction, this condensation product has a maximum absorption band at wavelength 520nm place.The height of concentration of proline is directly proportional with its dullness within the specific limits.Can adopt sulfosalicylic acid method to measure.
Proline [μ gg -1(dry sample)]=(C * V/a)/W
In the formula: concentration of proline in the C-extract (μ g), try to achieve by calibration curve; V-extract cumulative volume (ml); The volume (ml) of liquid draw when a-measures; W-sample heavy (g).
According to rainy season and dry season measurement result calculate the proline cumulant, drought resistance is in proper order: softleaf ash root-bark＞new white popinac＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞pinus caribaea＞Anlnus nepalensis＞hardship thorn＞Portuguese cypress＞winter cherry.
The mensuration of c, free aminoacid content and result
Free amino acid in the plant corpus is the raw material of synthetic protein, also is protein hydrolysate.Root system of plant absorbs nitrogen and mainly transports with the form of amino acid and acid amides, and its content has determined nitrogen nutritional status and the nitrogen metabolism under plant different development stage and the different growing environment to change.Free amino acid increases the concentration that can increase cell, and protoplasm is had protective effect, pretends to be the plant drought resistance index.
Principle: the free amino acid of amino acid, polypeptide and primary amine and secondary-amine compound can generate hepatic two indones-two indone amine with the ninhydrin effect, within the specific limits, the depth of reaction system color is directly proportional with the content of free amino acid, and available spectrophotometer adopts its content of ninhydrin solution determination of color.
Free aminoacid content [μ molg -1(bright sample)]=b * V t/ (a * W)
In the formula: a---measure with filtrate volume (ml);
B---look into the calibration curve value, i.e. amino acid whose micromole's number (μ mol) in the 0.5ml sample;
V t---the volume (ml) after the sample extracting solution dilution;
W---sample heavy (g).
According to rainy season and dry season measurement result calculate free aminoacid content, draw drought resistance and be in proper order: Anlnus nepalensis＞new white popinac＞softleaf ash root-bark＞Portuguese cypress＞hardship thorn＞winter cherry＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞pinus caribaea.
The mensuration of d, mda content and interpretation of result
Plant organ is old and feeble or sustain an injury under adverse circumstance peroxidation of membrane lipids often takes place, and malonaldehyde is the snperoxiaized final catabolite of film fat, and its content can reflect that plant suffers the degree of adverse circumstance injury.
Principle: malonaldehyde is the film fat peroxidating index of using always, under acid and hot conditions, can generate three methines of rufous with thiobarbituricacid TBA reaction, and its maximum absorption wavelength is at 532nm.
MAD(μmol/L)＝6.45×(OD 532-OD 600)-0.56×OD 450
In the formula: OD 532, OD 600, OD 450Be illustrated respectively in the absorbance under this wavelength.
MAD(μmol·g -1)＝A×B/C
---MAD concentration (μ mol/L) B---extracting liquid volume (ml) C---plant tissue fresh weight (g) in the formula: A
According to rainy season and dry season measurement result calculate mda content, drought resistance relatively is: Pistacia weinmannifolia＞pinus caribaea＞new white popinac＞winter cherry＞Portuguese cypress＞hardship thorn＞softleaf ash root-bark＞Anlnus nepalensis.
(2) mensuration and the result of enzymic activity in the plant tissue
The mensuration and the result of a, superoxide dismutase SOD activity
SOD is ubiquitous a kind of metalloenzyme in the aerobe.Can eliminate the effect of the oxygen radical of stress physiology generation.Principle: suppress the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) under light according to SOD and determine the enzymic activity size.Having in the presence of the oxidable thing, vitamin b3 can be by photo-reduction, and the vitamin b3 that is reduced very easily reoxidizes under aerobic conditions and the O that produces 2, O 2NBT can be reduced to blue methyl hydrazone, the latter has absorption maximum at the 560nm place.And SOD can suppress this reaction as the scavenger of oxygen radical, and the reactant liquor blueness is dark more, illustrates that enzymic activity is low more, otherwise enzymic activity is high more.An enzyme is lived unit definition for the NBT reduction is suppressed to the required enzyme amount of contrast one half.Measure with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) method (Gao Junfeng, 1999).
SOD activity=(A o-A s) * V T/ (W * 0.5 * V 1* A 0)
In the formula: A 0---the absorbance value of irradiation control tube; A s---the absorbance value of sample cell; V T---sample liquid cumulative volume (ml); W---sample fresh weight (g); V 1---amount of samples during mensuration (ml).
Concentration (the mgg of protein -1)=C * V T/ (W * 1000 * V 1)
In the formula: C---look into calibration curve value (μ g); V T---extract cumulative volume (ml); W---sample fresh weight (g); V 1---amount of samples during mensuration (ml).
According to rainy season and dry season measurement result calculate the SOD specific activity, drought resistance is in proper order: softleaf ash root-bark＞new white popinac＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞Anlnus nepalensis＞Portuguese cypress＞hardship thorn＞winter cherry＞pinus caribaea.
Mensuration and the result of b, ascorbate peroxidase enzyme ASA-POD
ASA-POD is one of protective enzyme important in the plant corpus, and its active size can be used as the drought resistance index.Principle: ASA-POD catalysis AsA and H 2O 2Reaction makes ASA be oxidized to hydroascorbic acid.Along with AsA is oxidized, the dullness value A in the solution under the 290nm wavelength 290Descend, according to A in the unit interval 290The minimizing value is calculated the ASA-POD activity.(Gao Junfeng, 1999).
According to rainy season and dry season measurement result calculate the active size of ASA-POD, draw drought resistance and be in proper order: Pistacia weinmannifolia＞winter cherry＞new white popinac＞softleaf ash root-bark＞pinus caribaea＞hardship thorn＞Anlnus nepalensis＞Portuguese cypress.
The mensuration of c, cat catalase and result
Plant under adverse circumstance when old and feeble the activity in vivo oxygen metabolism strengthen and make H 2O 2Accumulate.H 2O 2Oxidation intracellular nucleic acid, protein etc. suffer damage cell membrane, quicken cell ageing and disintegrate.CAT can remove H 2O 2, its active size can be used as the drought resistance index.Principle: H 2O 2Strong absorption is arranged under the 240nm wavelength, and CAT can decomposing H 2O 2, make the reaction solution absorbance A 240Reduce with the reaction time.Can measure the CAT activity according to the pace of change of measuring absorptance.
H in the plant tissue 2O 2Content (μ g -1Min -1)=Δ A 240* V T/ (0.1 * V 1In the formula of * t * W): A 240-A S0-(A S1+ A S2)/2; A S0The control tube absorbance that dead enzyme liquid is boiled in-adding; A S1,2-sample absorbance; W-plant tissue fresh weight (g); V T-thick zyme extract cumulative volume (ml); V 1The thick enzyme plastid of---measure long-pending (ml); 0.1-A 240Every decline 0.1 is 1 enzyme unit (u) alive; T-adds hydrogen peroxide single reading time (min) to the end.
According to rainy season and dry season measurement result calculate the active size of CAT and relatively draw drought resistance and be in proper order: softleaf ash root-bark＞winter cherry＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞pinus caribaea＞new white popinac＞hardship thorn＞Anlnus nepalensis＞Portuguese cypress.
4 above water regime parameters and 11 sample sets of 7 physical and chemical indexs can be arranged out minimum of a value and the maximum that each is gathered by drought resistance, are partial ordering relation.If the maximum of each sequence is 8 minutes, minimum 1 minute, as row; Accumulative total each seeds every capable mark obtains comprehensive order of drought resistance as table 3: the white popinac of softleaf ash root-bark＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞newly＞winter cherry, pinus caribaea＞hardship thorn＞Portuguese cypress, Anlnus nepalensis.
Table 3
A B C D E F G H I J K Add up to
Portuguese cypress 1 5 2 7 1 2 5 4 4 1 1 33
Anlnus nepalensis 3 1 1 4 2 4 8 1 5 2 2 33
Bitter thorn 2 4 5 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 37
New white popinac 7 2 7 1 6 7 7 6 7 6 4 60
The pinus caribaea 4 7 4 5 3 5 1 7 1 4 5 47
Pistacia weinmannifolia 6 3 8 8 5 6 2 8 6 8 6 64
Winter cherry 5 6 3 2 7 1 3 5 2 7 7 49
Softleaf ash root-bark 8 6 6 6 8 8 6 2 8 5 8 71
Annotate: A: Ψ π 0B:RWD 0C: Ψ π 100D:Va/Vs E: cell leakage (%)
F: free Pro content (μ molg-1) G: free aminoacid content (μ molg-1)
H:MDA content (μ molg-1) I:SOD specific activity ((μ/mg)
The J:POD activity (the K:CAT activity of μ/mg) ((μ/mg)
Good effect of the present invention is:
(1) realized the industrialization production that softleaf ash root-bark is grown seedlings.The above soil moisture in layer of stony desertification soil 40cm is higher, it is more that dissolving salt and other soil water nutrient also store, and through the drought resistance back well developed root system of growing seedlings, tree root system distributes and concentrates the softleaf ash root-bark seed in the canopy of nursery, transplant the strong root system in back and can pass 20～40cm soil layer, improve the treelet survival rate.
(2) full photonursery stock growing makes blade face epidermal area thickening, the pore gap turn narrow, and transpiration and evaporation intensity limit die down.Thereby reduced the consumption of moisture.
(3) soluble sugar content in water parameters, enzyme and non-enzyme index, cell leakage and the plant cell of 8 seeds in this area, the physical signs of free aminoacid content plant drought resistance have been measured, after Comprehensive Assessment, showing the not peculiar indigenous tree species in Yunnan karst mountain region still of softleaf ash root-bark, also is the stronger seeds of drought resistance in the selected arbor species.
(4) softleaf ash root-bark is many at dry season fallen leaves, and the blade face covers that to have reduced tree root be moisture transpiration, and residual branches and leaves can form soil humus after decomposing.
(5) softleaf ash root-bark is at moderate and severe Rocky Desertification Region afforestation experiment since 8 years, and is strong to hungry soil adaptability, the survival rate height, and it is rapider to grow, and drought-enduring exercise technology is easy to learn.
Therefore, softleaf ash root-bark is the rare good broad-leaved arbor indigenous tree species of the southern regions of the Yunnan Province karst area, its domesticating and cultivating not only can be used to recover the vegetation of Rocky Desertification Region, and because its timber wood property and potential medical value Chinese medicine, make it have higher economic worth, can help the Rocky Desertification Region people to lift oneself out of poverty.The softleaf ash root-bark tree is planted the method for forestation in stony desertification improvement and recovery karst montane vegetation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a softleaf ash root-bark PV curve map.
Embodiment
(1) grows seedlings and afforest
Bloom 5～June, gather 9～November ripe and in the tree the place deposit 1～2 month samara, dry the back and be concealed in the room ventilation place, about 2.1 ten thousand the band wing seeds of per kilogram with cloth bag; Make bed in late January in the next year seedling canopy wholely, make 1 meter of bedside, careful level bed or the sunken bed of grogs; Seed treatment and sowing: seed is put into 5 ℃ of low temperature before broadcasting refrigerator took out in 24 hours, changing water after 1 day with 60 ℃ of emerge in worm water two days later continues to pick up in 1 day with 60 ℃ of warm water continuation immersions, sprout with wet husky vernalization to seed and to broadcast in the seedbed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, broadcasting preceding seedbed uses sufficient base fertilizer and uses the agricultural chemicals disinfection, thick about 1 centimetre of earthing is broadcast the back suppression; In the cotyledon period, bed surface covers grass preserves moisture, and waters every day once, keeps relative moisture 70～80% in the seedling canopy, and 17.8～19.8 ℃ of temperature are under the full exposure seedling stage, and the 15 days cotyledons that bury begin to be unearthed, and all sprout in 5～7 days, progressively throw off after all sprouting and cover grass; Cotyledon period grows first pair of true leaf after 15～20 days and root system begins long lateral root, grows second pair of true leaf after about 15 days and begins long fibrous root.
Part anharmonic ratio of nutritious bag nutrition soil is that 2/5 laterite, 2/5 is burnt soil, 1/5 humus soil and an amount of farmyard manure and general calcium, uses the agricultural chemicals disinfection, and is specific as follows:
Example 1:
The laterite physical property
The laterite nutrient content
Burn the soil physical property
Figure BSA00000425780300083
Burn native nutrient content
Figure BSA00000425780300084
Example 2:
The laterite physical property
Figure BSA00000425780300085
The laterite nutrient content
Figure BSA00000425780300086
Burn the soil physical property
Figure BSA00000425780300087
Burn native nutrient content
Example 3:
The laterite physical property
The laterite nutrient content
Figure BSA00000425780300093
Burn the soil physical property
Figure BSA00000425780300094
Burn native nutrient content
Figure BSA00000425780300095
Seedling is implanted nutritious bag enter the seedbed and enter seedling-slowing stage and cultivate, begin 10～15 days sunshade nets, the interior full photonursery stock growing of all the other times, relative moisture is identical with cotyledon period with temperature, and totally 60 days, soil moisture content 30 days was 50%, be kept to 30% after 30 days, going out canopy was 60% in preceding 5 days;
Comprised cotyledon period 15～22 days, the two pairs of leaf periods 15 days, seedling-slowing stage was cultivated 90～95 days in 2 months altogether, more than the one-level height of seedling 15cm, leading thread 0.2～0.3cm, secondary height of seedling 10～15cm, leading thread 0.15～0.2cm waters sufficient moisture and goes out canopy.
The afforestation of softleaf ash root-bark in stony desertification is administered:
(1) pre-whole ground shifts to an earlier date pre-whole ground winter in the first year in the stony desertification mountain region, digs cave 40x40x30cm 3, go stone to remove grass roots, shine in May, second and return soil, go back to table soil back earlier and return cubsoil.The temporary nursery is built in the place easily near 6 lunar system seedlings to the water source planting site;
(2) treat to afforest behind first saturating rain July, it is 2.0x2.0-3.0x3.0m that irregular afforestation (the limestone situation of appearing differs, and area differs) is generally adopted seeding row spacing.Tear nutritious bag plantation nursery stock, tread back soil, return soil and combine closely with bag seedling soil;
(3) the softleaf ash root-bark treelet has anti-side to cover ability, and secondary was fostered on the 1st year in the afforestation back, and foster once the 2nd～3 year every year.
(2) moderate stony desertification test site upgrowth situation
In 4～May of dry season, samming is more than 25 ℃, and water deficit replenishes phosphorus potassium during afforestation, organic fertilizer, and 2.5 years living softleaf ash root-bark upgrowth situations such as following table 7:
Height above sea level m Age Height of tree cm Leading thread cm Aspect
1380 2.5 138.5 2.76 Cloudy
1470 2.5 63.7 0.83 The half light slope
Table 8
Soil Age The height of tree Leading thread Aspect The place
Red earth 2.5 138.5 2.76 The half light slope Yan is the temple
Red soil 2.5 94.7 1.23 Cloudy Xiao Guan
Great drought was to main investigation of administering the seeds storage rate in (three) 2010 years
In the August, 2009～the not enough 50mm of Jianshui County precipitation in April next year, height above sea level 1500m, Jianshui County length investigated towards new the improvements ground of stony desertification severe grade show that the softleaf ash root-bark storage rate is 75.7%, other seeds storage rates are 15%～40%.
Table 9 great drought is newly administered ground storage rate application form to stony desertification
Figure BSA00000425780300101

Claims (2)

1. growing seedlings of softleaf ash root-bark may further comprise the steps:
(1) collect seed: gather 9～November ripe and in the tree the place deposit 1～2 month samara, dry the back and be concealed in the room ventilation place, about 2.1 ten thousand the band wing seeds of per kilogram with cloth bag;
(2) make bed: make bed in late January in the next year seedling canopy wholely, make 1 meter of bedside, careful level bed or the sunken bed of grogs;
(3) seed treatment and sowing: seed is put into 5 ℃ of low temperature before broadcasting refrigerator took out in 24 hours, changing water after 1 day with 60 ℃ of emerge in worm water two days later continues to pick up in 1 day with 60 ℃ of warm water continuation immersions, sprout with wet husky vernalization to seed and to broadcast in the seedbed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, broadcasting preceding seedbed uses sufficient base fertilizer and uses the agricultural chemicals disinfection, thick about 1 centimetre of earthing, broadcast the back suppression, and set up the seedling canopy.
(4) cotyledon period management: bed surface covers grass preserves moisture, and waters every day once, keeps seedling canopy relative moisture 70～80%, and 17.8～19.8 ℃ of temperature are under the full exposure seedling stage, and the 15 days cotyledons that bury begin to be unearthed, and all sprout in 5～7 days, progressively throw off after all sprouting and cover grass; Cotyledon period grows first pair of true leaf after 15～20 days and root system begins long lateral root, grows second pair of true leaf after about 15 days and begins long fibrous root;
(5) nutritive soil preparation: part anharmonic ratio of nutritious bag nutrition soil is that 2/5 laterite, 2/5 is burnt soil, 1/5 humus soil and an amount of farmyard manure and general calcium, uses the agricultural chemicals disinfection, and is specific as follows:
The laterite physical property
Figure FSA00000425780200011
The average nutrient content of laterite
Figure FSA00000425780200012
Burn the soil physical property
Figure FSA00000425780200013
Burn the average nutrient content of soil
Figure FSA00000425780200014
(6) seedling-slowing stage management: seedling is implanted nutritious bag enter the seedbed and enter seedling-slowing stage and cultivate, begin 10～15 days sunshade nets, full photonursery stock growing in all the other times, relative moisture is identical with cotyledon period with temperature, totally 60 days, soil moisture content 30 days is to be kept to 30% after 50%, 30 day, and going out canopy was 60% in preceding 5 days;
(7) cultivate after 90～95 days more than the one-level height of seedling 15cm leading thread 0.2～0.3cm, secondary height of seedling 10～15cm, leading thread 0.15～0.2cm.
2. the method for forestation of softleaf ash root-bark as claimed in claim 1 in stony desertification is administered comprises that treelets such as pruning, clear garden, fertilising foster, and is characterized in that:
(1) in advance in advance wholely, dig cave 40cm * 40cm * 30cm in the stony desertification mountain region winter in the first year, go stone to remove grass roots, cubsoil table soil pile up separately shines in May, second and returns soil, and table soil returns in elder generation, back time cubsoil;
(2) treat to afforest behind first saturating rain July, seeding row spacing is 2.5 * 2.5m, tears nutritious bag plantation seedling tree, treads back soil, returns soil and combines closely with bag seedling soil;
(3) secondary was fostered on the 1st year in seedling tree afforestation back, and foster once the 2nd～3 year every year.
CN2011100263821A 2011-01-25 2011-01-25 Afforestation method of seedling culture of fraxinus malacophylla in treatment of stony desertification Expired - Fee Related CN102172135B (en)

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CN103960106A (en) * 2014-05-15 2014-08-06 黄振忠 Supertree planting method
CN106718541A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 唐婧婵 Method for direct seeding of Yinhua tree for forest culture and management in rocky desertification region
CN107306745A (en) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-03 吉林省林业科学研究院 A kind of precious broad leaf tree cultivation technique in Changbai Mountain
CN108633369A (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-10-12 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 A method of repairing South-West Asia alpine region degenerated soil using nitrogen fixing tree Anlnus nepalensis
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CN106718541A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 唐婧婵 Method for direct seeding of Yinhua tree for forest culture and management in rocky desertification region
CN107306745A (en) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-03 吉林省林业科学研究院 A kind of precious broad leaf tree cultivation technique in Changbai Mountain
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