CN102165842B - 用于技术目的的电加热元件 - Google Patents

用于技术目的的电加热元件 Download PDF

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CN102165842B
CN102165842B CN2009801377657A CN200980137765A CN102165842B CN 102165842 B CN102165842 B CN 102165842B CN 2009801377657 A CN2009801377657 A CN 2009801377657A CN 200980137765 A CN200980137765 A CN 200980137765A CN 102165842 B CN102165842 B CN 102165842B
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heating elements
electrical heating
heating element
dielectric layer
dispersion
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CN102165842A (zh
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W·科伦贝格
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Hotset Heizpatronen und Zubehoer GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737—Heating or cooling means therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
    • B29C45/73—Heating or cooling of the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
    • B29C45/74—Heating or cooling of the injection unit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/46—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于技术目的的电加热元件，尤其是用于对热流道系统、热流道分配器、热流道喷嘴、注塑机的工具进行加热，其中在加热元件或加热元件载体的表面上施加介电层，在该介电层上施加电阻元件，该电阻元件具有用于与电流源接触的连接接触部，其中该电阻元件被保护层、尤其是介电层覆盖，该电加热元件可以特别简单地、低成本地和快速地被制造，为了能够以有竞争力的价格大批量地提供，规定借助于功能性的印刷过程涂敷电阻元件，其中由导电颗粒和载体材料或粘合材料构成的乳状体或分散体被逐滴地涂敷到介电层上以便形成电阻元件。

Description

用于技术目的的电加热元件
 本发明涉及一种用于技术目的的电加热元件，尤其是用于对热流道系统、热流道分配器、热流道喷嘴、注塑机的工具进行加热，其中在加热元件或加热元件载体的表面上施加介电层，在该介电层上施加电阻元件，该电阻元件具有用于与电流源接触的电连接接触部，其中该电阻元件被保护层、尤其是介电层覆盖。
从DE 10 2006 061 435 A1中公知，通过火焰喷涂的方式将印制导线施加在衬底上。
DE 103 20 379 A1也描述了通过火焰喷涂的方式制造电加热元件。
DE 44 06 940 A1描述了类似的处理方式。
US 6 861 101 B1也描述了这样的处理方式。
类似地，WO 97/13884描述了一种用于对电加热导体进行等离子喷涂的方法。
在DE 101 60 451 A1、WO 02/068245 A1、EP 1 672 958 A2和WO 03/052776 A2中描述了类似的处理方式。
这些地方所描述的处理方式成本非常高，并且与高的能量使用相联系。
EP 1 234 651 A2描述了借助于薄膜技术涂敷加热导体，其中将加热导体作为导电涂料形式的薄膜来施加。
DE 199 41 038 A1描述了一种用于制造电加热装置的方法，其中借助于薄膜技术、厚层技术、或者丝网印刷技术来施加导电层。这里所描述的处理方式也是高成本的并且不适用于低成本的大批量制造。
最后，实用新型G 89 09 020.9 U1描述了一种表面加热元件，其中导电层通过对浆料进行丝网印刷来施加，并且在高温下进行焙烧。在此，加热印制导线以厚层浆料技术被施加。
从该现有技术出发，本发明所基于的任务是，提供一种电加热元件，该电加热元件可以特别简单地、低成本地和快速地制造，以便能够以有竞争力的价格大批量地提供。
为了解决该任务，本发明提出借助于功能性的印刷过程来涂敷电阻元件，其中由导电颗粒和载体材料或粘合材料构成的乳状体或分散体以液滴的形式被涂敷到介电层上以便形成电阻元件。
根据本发明，分散体形式的导电颗粒例如借助于与喷墨打印机类似的印刷头被逐点地涂敷，以便因此形成电阻元件。通过相应的材料选择和相应的层厚度，可以为电阻元件提供不同的功率。借助于功能性的印刷过程涂敷相应的分散体是极简单的和非常快的并且由此能够被低成本地执行，其中可以实现以简单方式进行大批量制造的大规模应用。
在此优选地规定，通过涂敷乳状体或分散体所生成的层、尤其是由此形成的导电颗粒层具有对于电阻加热而言足够的层厚度。
此外优选地规定，导电颗粒由金属粉末构成，优选地由铜或铜合金构成。
例如可以提供分散体形式的金属粉末，以便根据本发明地构造相应的加热元件。
在此优选地规定，借助于具有喷墨打印机类型的印刷头的装置来施加分散体或乳状体，并且借助于该装置逐滴地施加分散体或乳状体。
此外优选地规定，以电阻元件形式所施加的乳状体或分散体在涂敷之后被干燥和烧结，使得导电颗粒彼此连接成、尤其是熔化成连续的电阻元件。
通过干燥和烧结过程，各个导电颗粒彼此连接成或熔化成连续的电阻元件，使得提供相应的电阻作为加热元件。
此外可以优选地规定，介电层由陶瓷材料、尤其是氧化铝构成。
还可以规定，保护层由陶瓷材料、尤其是氧化铝构成。
一个特点可以看成是，加热元件或加热元件载体的整个表面例如通过浸渍镀层的方式或者通过火焰喷涂方法被镀上由陶瓷材料构成的介电层。
由此，加热元件的整个表面可以以简单的方式被镀上介电层。在此不需要对各个表面进行选择性的镀层。
此外优选地规定，通过Dip-Coating（浸渍镀层）和随后的退火来施加和固定保护层。
在该构造方案中，仅仅在电阻导体的区域中给电加热元件部分地镀上保护层，该保护层例如通过Dip-Coating被施加并且随后通过退火被固定。
以本身公知的方式规定，加热元件或加热元件载体由金属构成。
同样以本身公知的方式规定，加热元件或加热元件载体是管状加热体或柱状加热筒或加热套。
此外优选地规定，通过功能性印刷过程按照Drop on Demand（按需滴液）方法的方式施加乳状体或分散体。
本发明提供了一种简单的可能性，借助于该可能性可以给电加热元件配备任意成形的电阻元件，这些电阻元件在复杂形状或结构的情况下也可以以简单的方式被实现，使得实现低成本的大规模的制造。

Claims (14)

1.一种电加热元件，其中在加热元件或加热元件载体的表面上施加介电层，在该介电层上施加电阻元件，该电阻元件具有用于与电流源接触的电连接接触部，其中该电阻元件被保护层覆盖，
其特征在于，
借助于功能性的印刷过程涂敷电阻元件，其中由导电颗粒和载体材料或粘合材料构成的乳状体或分散体被逐滴涂敷到介电层上，以便形成电阻元件，并且导电颗粒由金属粉末构成，并且以电阻元件形式施加的乳状体或分散体在涂敷以后被干燥和烧结，使得导电颗粒彼此连接成和/或熔化成连续的电阻元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，通过涂敷乳状体或分散体所生成的层具有对于电阻加热而言足够的层厚度。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，通过涂敷乳状体或分散体所生成的层形成导电颗粒层。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，导电颗粒由铜或铜合金构成。
5.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，借助于具有喷墨打印机类型的印刷头的装置来施加分散体或乳状体，并且借助于该装置，分散体或乳状体被逐滴施加。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，介电层由陶瓷材料构成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，保护层由陶瓷材料构成。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，所述陶瓷材料是氧化铝。
9.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，加热元件或加热元件载体的整个表面被镀上由陶瓷材料构成的介电层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，通过浸渍镀层的方式或者通过火焰喷涂方法镀上所述介电层。
11.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，通过Dip-Coating（浸渍镀层）和随后的退火来施加和固定保护层。
12.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，加热元件或加热元件载体由金属构成。
13.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，加热元件或加热元件载体是管状加热体、柱状加热筒或加热套。
14.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，通过功能性印刷过程按照Drop on Demand（按需滴液）方法的方式施加乳状体或分散体。
15. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，该电加热元件用于对热流道系统、热流道分配器、热流道喷嘴、注塑机的工具进行加热。
16. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，
其特征在于，所述保护层是介电层。
CN2009801377657A 2008-09-27 2009-04-15 用于技术目的的电加热元件 Expired - Fee Related CN102165842B (zh)

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DE102008049215A DE102008049215A1 (de) 2008-09-27 2008-09-27 Elektrisches Heizelement für technische Zwecke
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PCT/DE2009/000520 WO2010034271A1 (de) 2008-09-27 2009-04-15 Elektrisches heizelement für technische zwecke

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JP2012503859A (ja) 2012-02-09
DE102008049215A1 (de) 2010-04-01
WO2010034271A1 (de) 2010-04-01
EP2314130B1 (de) 2011-12-21
ATE538622T1 (de) 2012-01-15
BRPI0919462A2 (pt) 2015-12-01
KR20110086693A (ko) 2011-07-29
CN102165842A (zh) 2011-08-24
CH702343B1 (de) 2013-09-13
RU2011116560A (ru) 2012-11-10

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