CN102161528A - 一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料 - Google Patents

一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料 Download PDF

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CN102161528A
CN102161528A CN201110034794XA CN201110034794A CN102161528A CN 102161528 A CN102161528 A CN 102161528A CN 201110034794X A CN201110034794X A CN 201110034794XA CN 201110034794 A CN201110034794 A CN 201110034794A CN 102161528 A CN102161528 A CN 102161528A
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filler
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CN102161528B (zh
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程芳琴
邱瑞芳
陈潇晶
高瑞
潘博
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Shanxi Haobosen New Material Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
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    • C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料，是以改性钢渣为主要填料，加入改性粉煤灰和铁屑，在800～950℃下焙烧；所得物料中再加入陶粒、活性木屑混合制得。其原料按重量份数计，钢渣50～60，改性粉煤灰20～30，铁屑10～15，陶粒5～10，活性木屑30～40。本发明既可作为微污染河流修复渗透反应墙的填料，又可作为潜流湿地的基质，进而建立可渗透反应墙-潜流湿地联合系统。本发明结合生物与非生物技术，对微污染河流的修复效果较好，原料廉价易得，运行成本低，以废治废，节能优势明显，具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料
技术领域
本发明涉及河流修复渗透反应墙填料，具体是一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料。
背景技术
随着城市工业与居民生活污水排放量的增加，城市河道水质普遍恶化，河流污染已经成为不容忽视的环境问题，不仅威胁周边居民饮用水安全和增加企业用水成本，甚至可导致慢性或急性中毒。因此，对河流污染的治理日益引起人们的广泛关注。
目前，可渗透反应墙填料一般采用零价铁碎屑，其成本较高，不适于广泛推广；也有采用金红石、木屑、活性炭、轮胎碎片、泥煤、稻草、锯末、树叶、黑麦籽、高锰酸钾晶粒以及泥炭和砂的混合物作为墙体填料，对地下水中重金属、砷及TCE、PCE和TCA等有机物等去除效果较好；但对于微污染河流这种成分复杂的地表水的修复治理，尤其是对COD、氨氮的去除，并没有有效的办法，且容易产生NH4 +，带来二次污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料，该填料制备工艺简单，吸附性能良好，成本低廉，能有效去除COD、氨氮等污染物。
本发明选用具有较大比表面积，且含碳、含硅量较高，吸附性能良好的钢渣为主料，添加改性粉煤灰、铁屑和活性木屑，制成。
本发明提供的一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料，原料组分按重量份数计：
粒径3～5mm改性钢渣         50～60
改性粉煤灰                 20～30
粒径1～2mm铁屑             10～15
活性木屑                   30～40
所述的改性钢渣通过如下方法制得：用清水循环淋洗钢渣8～10天，至淋洗出水pH值与进水相同。
所述的改性粉煤灰通过如下方法制得：将粉煤灰与NaOH按质量比5∶5～7均匀混合；在750～900℃煅烧40～60min，冷却后粉磨过50～70目筛；加入5～7倍水，加热，搅拌，至温度上升到70～80℃后停止搅拌，恒温凝胶2～3h；再升温至80～100℃后恒温晶化3～5h；抽滤，在110℃下烘干，冷却后研磨过40～60目筛即可；
所述的活性木屑通过如下方法制得：选取粒径3～5mm木屑，置于原水中，室温下浸泡20-40天，有肉眼可见的好养丝状微生物菌团产生即可。
微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料的制备：将改性钢渣、改性粉煤灰、铁屑和活性木屑按照上述比例混合均匀即可。
本发明提供的微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料，还可作为潜流湿地的基质。
与现有技术相比，本发明原材料均为固体废弃物，方便易得，成本低廉，变废为宝、以废治废；以钢渣为主体材料，其具有较大比表面积，且含碳、含硅量较高，吸附性能良好，能有效去除COD和氨氮等污染物质，修复微污染河流。本发明填料可将渗透反应墙技术和潜流湿地系统有效结合起来，既是渗透反应墙墙体填料又可作为潜流湿地的基质，支撑湿地植物，并促进其生长，通过潜流湿地系统利用本土、高效富集植物有效净化微污染水体。
附图说明
图1本发明填料对原水进行处理的实验装置示意图
具体实施方式
实施例中，实验原水取自山西汾河二坝，浑浊、有轻微的刺鼻味道，含有悬浮物质，COD含量为148.7mg/L，NH4-N含量为61.94mg/L。
实施例1
(1)改性钢渣制备：选取粒径3～5mm钢渣用清水循环淋洗8天，至淋洗出水pH值与进水相同。
(2)改性粉煤灰的制备：取粉煤灰100g与120gNaOH混合均匀在800℃下煅烧1h，，待冷却后粉磨过筛(60目)并取其143g与715g蒸馏水在四口烧瓶中混合搅拌至恒温水浴锅温度上升到70℃后停止搅拌，恒温凝胶2h后升温至100℃后再恒温晶化4h，将混合物抽滤并在110℃下烘干，冷却后研磨过筛(40目)即得。
(3)活性木屑的制备：选取粒径3～5mm的白松木木屑，将其浸泡于原水中30天，有肉眼可见的好养丝状微生物菌团。
(4)取改性钢渣(粒径3～5mm)55g，改性粉煤灰25g，铁屑(粒径1～2mm)12g，活性木屑35g，混合均匀。
实施例2
(1)改性钢渣制备：选取粒径3～5mm钢渣用清水循环淋洗10天，至淋洗出水pH值与进水相同。
(2)改性粉煤灰的制备：取原灰100g与130gNaOH混合均匀在850℃下煅烧1h，，待冷却后粉磨过筛(60目)并取其120g与720g蒸馏水在四口烧瓶中混合搅拌至恒温水浴锅温度上升到80℃后停止搅拌，恒温凝胶2h后升温至90℃后再恒温晶化4h，将混合物抽滤并在110℃下烘干，冷却后研磨过筛(50目)即得。
(3)活性木屑的制备：选取粒径3～5mm的白松木木屑，将其浸泡于原水中40天，有肉眼可见的好养丝状微生物菌团。
(4)取改性钢渣(粒径3～5mm)60g，改性粉煤灰30g，铁屑(粒径1～2mm)15g，活性木屑40g，混合均匀。
实施例3
(1)取实施例1和实施例2中制得的填料各50g分别对原水进行处理。将填料装入柱子中，柱长60cm，直径8cm；柱子底端和顶端铺设2cm厚的石英砂。原水从柱子上方通入，下方流出。实验装置如图1。实施例1制得的填料对COD和氨氮的去除率达80.1％、97.6％，实施例2制得的填料对COD和氨氮的去除率达83％、93.5％。
(2)对实施例1中制得的填料进行安全测试。测试结果如表1：
表1填料中各组分浸水COD及NH4-N溶出量(单位mg/50g)
Figure BSA00000431146300031
由表1可知，填料中个组分浸水COD及NH4-N溶出量很低可忽略不计，说明该填料稳定性较好，不会产生二次污染而影响水质。

Claims (2)

1.一种微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料，其特征在于，原料组分按重量份数计：
粒径3～5mm改性钢渣       50～60
改性粉煤灰               20～30
粒径1～2mm铁屑           10～15
活性木屑                 30～40
所述的改性钢渣通过如下方法制得：用清水循环淋洗钢渣8～10天，至淋洗出水pH值与进水相同。
所述的改性粉煤灰通过如下方法制得：将粉煤灰与NaOH按质量比5∶5～7均匀混合；在750～900℃煅烧40～60min，冷却后粉磨过50～70目筛；加入5～7倍水，加热，搅拌，至温度上升到70～80℃后停止搅拌，恒温凝胶2～3h；再升温至80～100℃后恒温晶化3～5h；抽滤，在110℃下烘干，冷却后研磨过40～60目筛即可；
所述的活性木屑通过如下方法制得：选取粒径3～5mm木屑，置于原水中，室温下浸泡20-40天。
2.如权利要求1所述的微污染河流修复渗透反应墙填料，用作潜流湿地的基质。
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102557387A (zh) * 2012-01-09 2012-07-11 济南大学 一种钢渣制备的复合污泥絮凝脱水调理剂
CN104150613A (zh) * 2014-09-01 2014-11-19 南京大学 一种用于地下水硝酸盐生物脱除的可渗透反应墙填充材料、系统及其填充方法
CN108083578A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-05-29 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 一种用于入水河段的水体前置净化系统及其构建方法
CN110872138A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2020-03-10 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 一种应用工程废料作为prb填料处理农田退水的方法
CN111056585A (zh) * 2018-10-17 2020-04-24 武汉市秀谷科技有限公司 一种活性渗滤墙填料及其制备方法
CN112875846A (zh) * 2021-01-06 2021-06-01 广州镁雅节能环保有限公司 一种生态填料及其制备方法和应用

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CN1749180A (zh) * 2005-07-14 2006-03-22 南通奥迪菲环境工程研究所有限公司 印染水脱色复合絮凝剂及其生产方法
CN101407360A (zh) * 2008-08-23 2009-04-15 浙江海洋学院 应用人工湿地处理循环海水养殖中废水的方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1749180A (zh) * 2005-07-14 2006-03-22 南通奥迪菲环境工程研究所有限公司 印染水脱色复合絮凝剂及其生产方法
CN101407360A (zh) * 2008-08-23 2009-04-15 浙江海洋学院 应用人工湿地处理循环海水养殖中废水的方法

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102557387A (zh) * 2012-01-09 2012-07-11 济南大学 一种钢渣制备的复合污泥絮凝脱水调理剂
CN104150613A (zh) * 2014-09-01 2014-11-19 南京大学 一种用于地下水硝酸盐生物脱除的可渗透反应墙填充材料、系统及其填充方法
CN104150613B (zh) * 2014-09-01 2015-12-02 南京大学 一种用于地下水硝酸盐生物脱除的可渗透反应墙填充材料、系统及其填充方法
CN108083578A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-05-29 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 一种用于入水河段的水体前置净化系统及其构建方法
CN110872138A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2020-03-10 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 一种应用工程废料作为prb填料处理农田退水的方法
CN111056585A (zh) * 2018-10-17 2020-04-24 武汉市秀谷科技有限公司 一种活性渗滤墙填料及其制备方法
CN112875846A (zh) * 2021-01-06 2021-06-01 广州镁雅节能环保有限公司 一种生态填料及其制备方法和应用

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