CN102159151B - 个人皮肤处理方法及装置 - Google Patents

个人皮肤处理方法及装置 Download PDF

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CN102159151B
CN102159151B CN200980137087.4A CN200980137087A CN102159151B CN 102159151 B CN102159151 B CN 102159151B CN 200980137087 A CN200980137087 A CN 200980137087A CN 102159151 B CN102159151 B CN 102159151B
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skin
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S·埃克豪斯
T·D·库策尔
B·瓦因伯格
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种个人用皮肤处理设备。所述设备包括以脉冲或连续操作模式操作的光辐射提供模块，用于连续地移动所述设备越过皮肤的机构，以及设备移动速度监测装置。当所述设备施加于皮肤时，所述光脉冲重复率构建光辐射功率为设备移动速度的函数。所述设备的脱毛机构构造成从所述皮肤的处理区域机械地移除毛发。

Description

个人皮肤处理方法及装置
技术领域
本方法和装置一般地涉及皮肤处理领域，尤其涉及脱毛。
背景技术
对每个人而言，外表是非常重要的。近年来，研发了用于不同美容和皮肤病治疗的方法及装置。其中包括脱毛、血管病变的处理、皱纹去除、嫩肤等。在这些处理中的一些中，需要照射皮肤表面以使深层皮肤或者组织体积升温到足够高的温度，从而达到期望的效果，该温度通常位于38-60摄氏度的范围内。该效果可能是弱化毛干或甚至毛囊或毛根损伤。
另一个期望的效果可能是毛发再生的延迟，这一般通过激光、LED、疝气灯、脉冲强光(IPL)或者白炽灯辐射(通常称为光辐射)照射较早脱毛的皮肤表面来实现。光辐射可具有单波长，例如激光，或者多波长，或者宽带波谱。波长选择成对处理过的皮肤区域的对比成分的颜色是最佳的，通常位于400-1800nm的范围内。光辐射通常是闪光或者脉冲光，在具有给定尺寸的孔隙的处理器的帮助下作用于皮肤。为了“覆盖”整个皮肤表面，孔隙必须从一个地方移动到另一个地方，以相对精确的方式每步移动至少一个孔隙尺寸，从而没有漏掉皮肤的任何面积或者皮肤的任何面积处理了两次。为了避免遗漏或者重复处理，人们用眼睛跟踪处理器的位置。光脉冲不可避免地到达他/她的眼睛，干扰观察者，进而影响处理器位置的跟踪和脱毛过程。只有特定的能量密度施加到皮肤组织上，这些装置才能达到期望的效果。如果这些装置在越过皮肤时移动得太快或者太慢，则装置可能分别导致效果欠佳或者烧伤皮肤。
同时，研制了用于深层皮肤和组织层处理的许多对皮肤施用射频(RF)的基准方法。在这些方法中，电极施加于皮肤，通过电极施加脉冲的或者连续波形(CW)的RF电压。RF电压的性能选择成在待处理的组织体积或层中产生RF感应电流。该电流将组织加热到通常位于38-60摄氏度的范围内的需要的温度。温度破坏或者伤害毛囊或毛根，进而延迟毛发生长。
存在组合了光和RF处理的设备。一般地，该设备构造成照射患者皮肤的限定区域大致类似于或者等于孔隙的表面，光辐射通过孔隙引导到该皮肤区域。电极通常设置在邻近孔隙的周缘，RF通常可加热除由光加热的组织外的深层组织，从而破坏/伤害毛球和/毛囊。在施加于相同皮肤区域的RF能量和光辐射之间存在微妙的关系。超过它们之间的最佳比例就会导致皮肤烧伤，而施加的比例小于RF能量和光辐射的最佳比例就不能实现期望的处理效果。
市场上对如下的小型的、低价的使用安全的装置存在需求，该装置可由使用者操作，并且能够使他/她
i)避免皮肤烧伤或者不能达到充分的皮肤处理效果。
ii)避免在处理期限乏味地盯着受处理的区域。
发明内容
一种个人用皮肤处理和脱毛的皮肤处理设备。所述设备包括以脉冲或连续操作模式操作的光辐射提供模块，脱毛机构以及用于连续移动所述设备越过皮肤的机构。所述脱毛机构可以是机械设备，所述用于连续移动所述设备越过皮肤的机构可以是任意机构。使用者将所述设备应用于皮肤，操作所述脱毛机构和光辐射模块，手动地移动所述设备或者借助于内置移动机构移动所述设备越过待处理的皮肤区域。任意移动速度监测装置监测移动速度，并构建所述光功率作为所述设备移动速度的函数。
附图说明
在说明书的结论部分特别指出了该装置和方法，并且明确地要求对其进行保护。然而，在阅读附图时，参照下述详细描述可能更好地理解关于该装置和方法的组织和操作方法，其中，相同的附图标记在不同的附图中表示相同的零件。附图没有必要按照比例绘制，意在强调解释该方法的原理。
图1示出了个人用脱毛装置的典型实施例的示意图。
图2示出了个人用脱毛设备或者处理器的基础组件的典型实施例的示意图。
图3示出了除脱毛机构外的基础组件的典型实施例的示意图。
图4示出了光辐射提供模块的反射器的典型实施例及其冷却方法的示意图。
图5A示出了设备移动机构的典型实施例的示意图。
图5B示出了设备移动机构的另一典型实施例的示意图。
图5C示出了设备移动机构的又一典型实施例的示意图。
图6示出了设备移动速度检测机构的典型实施例的示意图。
图7示出了个人用脱毛设备的电极的典型实施例的示意图。
图8示出了与本装置一起使用的典型一次性的和可替换的嫩肤设备的示意图。
图9示出了使用本设备和装置的皮肤处理的典型方法的示意图。
图10示出了光辐射提供模块的另一典型实施例的横截面及其冷却方法的示意图。
图11示出了光辐射提供模块的又一典型实施例及其冷却方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
在下面详细描述中参考了作为其一部分的附图。用附图的方式说明了实施该装置和方法的不同的实施例。由于本装置的实施例的部件能够沿不同的方向定向，方向术语用于说明目的，而不是限制性的。应当理解的是，其他实施例也可应用，并且在不脱离本方法和装置的范围的情况下进行对其结构和逻辑改变。因此，下述详细描述不应视为限制性意义，并且本装置和方法由所附权利要求书进行限定。
在这里所使用的，术语“皮肤处理”包括脱毛和各种皮肤层的处理，例如角质层、真皮、表皮、嫩肤程序、皱纹去除以及胶原紧缩或者胶原破坏的程序。
术语“皮肤表面”涉及最外皮肤层，其可能是角质层。
参照图1，图1是个人皮肤处理装置的典型实施例的示意图。装置100包括适于在患者皮肤上做滑动运动的处理器或设备104；基体108，其包括控制器、供电模块和储电机构，例如电容(未图示)，其中供电可能包括具有或者不具有整流器的变压器，以及连接处理器104和基体108的操纵电缆112。装置100可从正常电网插座或者从可充电的或常规电池处接收电能。处理器或设备104设计成便于保持主体(显示为具有透明的外壳)一体化的基础结构116，冷却装置120，例如轴流式风扇或者送风机，控制装置100的操作的控制电路124，以及附接到基础框架116或者组装到相同框架上的脱毛机构128。脱毛机构128是包括剃须刀头、类似于头的采摘或者拔毛式脱毛机或者剃刀的组中的一种。头128可以是可拆卸的头。为了安全起见，头128的电接触可以构造成只有在其插入到适当位置时才开始电能供应。在另一实施例中，脱毛机构可替换成嫩肤头(图8)。
至少一个可视状态指示器132附接到设备104，其中，可视状态指示器132，例如LED，通知使用者或者向使用者表明装置的操作状态和/或皮肤处理过程参数。至少一个音频状态指示器136也附接到设备104或者设置在基体108中，其中，音频状态指示器136，例如蜂鸣器，向使用者发出信号，告知其皮肤处理过程参数的状态。
图2是用于个人皮肤处理的处理器或设备的基础组件的典型实施例的示意图。基础结构116上装配有光辐射提供模块200、图5A-5C所示的用于连续移动设备104越过皮肤的机构或者装置、移动速度监测机构(图5A)以及安全开关(图3)，安全开关装配在基础框架116上(图1)，并且由辐射提供模块200启动(图2)。脱毛机构128可操作性地构造成从处理的或者目标的皮肤区域机械地移除毛发，脱毛机构128附接到基础框架116上。可选择地，一对电极220可附接到基础框架116上。
图3是没有组装脱毛机构128(图1)的基础框架116的典型实施例的示意图。图3示出了装配于基础框架116的安全开关300以及图5A所示的设备104移动方向传感器528。辐射提供模块200(图2)插入到其在框架116中的位置启动安全开关300。这防止模块200的空闲或者错误操作。例如，在处理器104的电极中没有出现高电压，或者有电流在其中“流通”，从而在一次性筒体移除后，人们不会遭受电压高压危险。
根据所公开的一些实施例，RFID设备连接于控制电路124(图1)。在辐射提供模块200被更换以前，RFID设备预先载有待发射脉冲的最大数目，随着脉冲的每一次发射而计数减小。可替代地，在辐射提供模块200(图2)被更换前，RFID预先载有可在一次处理中施加于皮肤上的全部能量。RFID设备还可用作附加安全措施，其中，如果RFID未标识，即辐射提供模块200未正确安装，控制电路124阻止辐射提供模块200发射脉冲。
在附加实施例中，1024位1-Wire EEPROM，例如，从Maxim/DallasSemiconductors，Inc.，Sunnyvale，CA94086U.S.A可商业性地购得的DS2431作为计数器组装到控制印刷电路124上，尤其控制辐射提供模块200。类似于RFID，计数器可预先载有需要的信息。同一1-Wire EEPROM可具有辐射提供模块200的可靠性标识的功能。
图4是光辐射提供模块的反射器的典型实施例及其冷却方法的示意图。模块200实施为一次性筒体，其包括光辐射源400、反射器404和涂覆绝缘材料的保护窗408，其中，反射器404构造成将发射的光辐射反射到待处理的皮肤区域。窗408限定了光辐射通过其发射到皮肤上的孔隙。图中显示为虚线的光辐射源400可以是白炽灯，例如AGAC4627、从PerkinElmerOptoelectronics Wenzel-Jaksch Str.31 65199 Wiesbaden，Germany可商业地购得的高能量密度疝气闪灯、或者包括LED、激光二极管、固态激光、气体激光或Xenon IPL(脉冲强光)灯的组中的任意一种。
反射器404是具有平坦小面和多边形横截面的棱柱形箱或体，或者具有二次或更高次任意曲率的管状箱或体。它可以是简单的圆形柱体横截面、抛物线横截面或任何其他横截面，这使得光辐射集中和均匀分配到窗408的孔隙，光辐射通过该孔隙发射到皮肤上。窗408的绝缘材料涂层选择成例如将光辐射谱的相关部分传输到皮肤的处理区域并且反射其余部分。反射器404具有允许空气进入反射器内部的开口412。开口412设置在反射器404的顶端。涂覆绝缘材料的保护窗408设置在反射器404的开口纵向部分的邻近或者附接于其上，与反射器404一起形成空气传导通道420，空气传导通道420在一侧由反射器404约束，在另一侧由窗408约束。冷却空气流424的一部分通过开口412流入通道420，冷却空气流424由诸如轴流式风扇120(图1)的冷却元件产生。它沿虚线所示的光辐射源400被引导到空气传导通道420中，并对光辐射源400进行冷却。反射器404的突出端部开口428在其两个端部终止于空气传导通道并用作冷却空气排放口。冷却空气排放口428的面积至少等于或大于开口412的面积，使得空气流入反射器404和空气传导通道420的内部。冷却空气流424的其余部分绕反射器404的外部部分流动，冷却反射器404的外侧部分。
根据所公开的一些实施例，如图10所示意性地示出的，冷却装置包括旋转式送风机1000。送风机1000将箭头1010所示的空气吹送到光辐射提供模块200(图2)的一侧中，其中，空气平行于(沿着)光辐射源400和反射器404(图4)地流动，如箭头1020所示地从光辐射提供模块200的相反侧浮现。
根据所公开的一些实施例，如图10所示意性地示出的，第二玻璃窗1030平行于窗408安装，冷却空气的一部分由送风机1000吹送并由箭头1040标记，且在两个窗408和1030之间流动。如图11所示，倾斜式灯电极1100可安装在光辐射源400的进气侧上，以便增强沿窗方向的空气流。箭头1130示意性地说明了冷却空气在反射器404的内部和外部以及窗408和1030之间的流动。反射器404在图11中显示为棱柱形结构。
根据所公开的一些实施例，如图1所示，风扇120还可用来冷却两个玻璃窗之间的空气。实验已经证明平行于窗408的三个或更多窗和它们之间的冷却空气流提供了良好的绝热，并且与皮肤接触的设备的部分几乎不改变温度。
根据所公开的一些实施例，热传感器1050，例如热敏电阻(thermistor)，或任意其他类型的温度测量装置，可安装在冷却空气的流入和流出端，作为在冷却装置发生故障情况下防止过热的保护装置。
窗408和1030可由耐热玻璃、蓝宝石、石英，或者特殊处理的硼硅酸盐玻璃制造。窗1030或者两个窗可涂覆绝缘材料涂层，用作用于反射回从光辐射源400发射的不需要的波长和特定IR波长的过滤器，例如UV。
根据所公开的一些实施例，也如图11所示，两个反射器(1110、1120)可装配在两个窗(1030、408)之间，或者在其两侧，以防止光散射到处理面积之外。
光辐射提供模块200的体系结构及其冷却方法使得形成了紧凑的高效光辐射源，为皮肤处理提供充足的能量。模块200可以以脉冲或连续操作模式操作。已知的是，低重复率的光辐射或光脉冲是令一直视觉追踪处理器位置的使用者感到烦恼的。为了舒缓使用者的感觉，光辐射源可发射一些介入大功率处理脉冲之间的低功率光脉冲，增加光脉冲的重复率，缓和低重复率光脉冲的烦闷和眼睛干扰效果。
图5A是设备移动机构的典型实施例的示意图。图5A显示了连续移动设备104横越皮肤的典型机构的仰视图。该机构包括适当尺寸和功率的DC马达500，DC马达500通过一个或更多齿轮504联接到一个或更多驱动轮508或者履带类型的轨道(track)。使用者将设备104附接到皮肤512(图5B)并且施加极小的力以防止设备从皮肤上滑落。设备104可以具有所需要的任何适当数量的附加附属轮516。DC马达500的运转使设备104以可变速度越过皮肤512。已知直径的轮或者滚子528与皮肤接触。当设备移动时滚子528旋转。测量滚子528的旋转速度使得可以利用现有技术中已知的方法确定设备移动速度。可替代地，轮508或516中的一个可具有已知的直径。
在图5B所示的设备移动机构的另一典型实施例中，蠕动压电马达516实施为履带类型的轨道，移动设备104越过皮肤512，如箭头540所示的那样。在图5C所示的设备移动机构的又一典型实施例中，皮带520由压电马达524或其他类型的马达驱动，移动设备104越过皮肤512，如箭头544所示的那样。
上述设备移动机构允许以可变速度移动设备104，以适应不同的皮肤处理条件。然而这需要检测或监测和修正设备移动速度的能力。图6是设备移动速度和移动方向检测装置600的典型实施例的示意图。设备104(图1和5)的移动速度监测装置600可以是与皮肤512永久接触的已知直径的旋转轮602或滚子。轮602可具有张紧在轮602的周缘上的O型环604。移动速度监测装置600可实施为具有开口606的轮602-I(图6B)，并且设置在LED608和探测器612之间，探测器612构造成当开口经过它们时产生脉冲。可替代地，该轮可连接到速度测量设备，例如转速计，速度测量设备与控制电路124相通信。根据速度读数，控制电路124(图1)可改变设备104的移动速度。在替代实施例中，类似于光学鼠标的装置监测104的移动速度。
连续检测设备移动速率或速度和前进方向，伴随可视或音频信号通知使用者处理的状态，将使用者从一直视觉追踪处理器位置的烦人任务中解放出来。使用者还需确定处理器移动速度是与至少辐射源脉冲重复率和孔隙的有效尺寸相关的理想处理器速度相符合。可视信号指示器和音频信号指示器向使用者提供决定皮肤处理状态所必需的信息，并且使用者不需记忆以前处理的皮肤条或者带的位置。
方向移动传感器可以是轮528(图5)，轮528可具有不对称的开口614和具有探测器612的LED608，探测器612构造成当开口经过它们时产生脉冲。可替代地，轮508或516中的一个可具有不对称的开口。根据移动方向，由开口612调制LED辐射所引起的脉冲将具有不同的上升时间，指示移动方向。当完成皮肤区域的处理时，操作者改变处理器的移动方向。
图7是个人用脱毛设备的电极的典型实施例的示意图。皮肤处理设备104可选择地包括一对可选择地拆卸的电极220(图2)，电极220可操作地构造成将RF能量施加到皮肤的区域。RF电极220具有沿保护窗或孔隙408(图4)布置的细长的主体。RF电极220相对于基础框架116悬挂在弹簧700。可替代地，电极220可包括固体金属带710，固体金属带710附接到光辐射提供模块200壳体的外侧。沉积在模块200的适当表面的，可能甚至是塑料的，金属涂层也可用作电极220。皮肤处理RF电极220永久地与皮肤接触，并且精确地匹配皮肤的外形。RF电极220或者710可具有赤裸的金属表面并且与皮肤导电耦合，或者用涂覆绝缘材料电极并且与皮肤电容耦合。
图8示出了与本装置一起使用的一次性的和可替换的嫩肤设备。可装配设备800来代替脱毛机构128。设备800是圆柱形或其他三维形状载体802，在载体802的表面上是半球形导电元件804，其构造成使得半球形物804从载体802的外表面812突出。载体802可通过在构架上拉伸柔性基底而形成。这可以是固体圆柱或鼠笼型结构。载体802的侧816可支持接触带820，通过接触带820，RF电压可供给给半球形物804。载体的这种构造允许其施加到皮肤的相当大区域，并且在其上方平移。在本说明书的上下文中，“皮肤的大区域”表示皮肤尺寸的区域，其超过了载体的面积的尺寸，或者接触电极或电极载体的表面的周长。载体802是旋转对称的，并且为了处理相邻皮肤区域，能够通过在皮肤上滚动而容易地重新定位，从而为较早地处理的皮肤区域的热松弛提供合理时间，以及返回到以前处理的相同皮肤区域。载体的重新定位不需要离开未处理的皮肤的区域或皮肤片，并且排除其余拼缝型皮肤图案。这种类型的皮肤处理实际上代表一种连续皮肤表面处理过程。载体802可以是可重复使用的或一次性的零件。
图9是使用本设备和装置的处理皮肤的典型方法的示意图。为了处理皮肤，设备104施加于待处理的皮肤区域900，能够永久地或至少大多永久地接触在RF电极220(图2)和皮肤之间。启动光辐射提供模块200，用于连续移动设备越过皮肤的机构沿希望方向，例如，沿待处理的皮肤区域，移动设备104。在一个实施例中，光辐射通过孔隙408的引导，利用稳定光辐射功率以连续或脉冲模式供给地照射待处理的皮肤区域，移动速度监测装置600(图6)设定合适的移动速度。移动速度-光辐射功率相互关系可以准备为查询表(LUT)，并且将其载入控制电路124。当处理继续，设备104前行越过皮肤，设备104到达待处理皮肤的边缘。当设备104到达处理的或剃刮的皮肤区域的端部，使用者将设备104手动地再次定位在待处理的皮肤的下一区域或者皮肤的另一未处理的区域，并且设定成沿相同或相反方向移动。由于在设备104连续皮肤处理之间存在冷却皮肤的时间，减少了通过两次处理皮肤的相同区域导致皮肤烧伤的危险。光辐射通过加热毛囊而延迟皮肤处理区域的毛发的未来生长。施加到相同皮肤区域的RF能量加热毛球和毛囊所在的深层皮肤层，RF能量所产生的热量破坏毛球和毛囊，增强光辐射所执行的脱毛过程。
在使用本设备和装置的皮肤处理的另一典型方法中，使用者将皮肤处理设备104施加到要脱去毛发的皮肤区域。毛发通过机械方式，例如通过剃刮或摘拔，从皮肤区域上去除。跟随在机械去除毛发后，适当功率和波长的光辐射施加到所处理的相同皮肤区域。可选择地，RF能量可施加到皮肤的相同区域。光辐射和RF能量的使用可进一步延迟毛发的生长，并从处理的皮肤区域去除机械脱毛后残余的毛发。类似于较早公开的方法，处理皮肤区域的设备自动地从处理的皮肤区域移动到另一未处理皮肤区域。
这里描述了许多实施例。应当理解的是，尽管如此，在不脱离本方法的精神和范围的情况下可作出各种修改。因此，其他的实施例位于所附权利要求所要求保护的范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种个人用皮肤处理设备，所述设备包括：
脱毛机构，其操作性地构造成从皮肤目标区域以机械方式移除毛发，其中，所述脱毛机构是剃须刀、脱毛机和剃刀的组中的至少一个；
光辐射提供模块，其以连续或脉冲模式操作，其中，当所述光辐射模块以脉冲模式操作时，其辐射与低功率的非处理脉冲相交替的大功率的处理脉冲，以及
冷却装置，其操作性地适于冷却所述光辐射提供模块的光辐射源；
所述光辐射提供模块是一次性筒体，其包括：
光辐射源；
反射器，其构造成将所发射的光辐射反射到皮肤的目标区域上；
至少一个涂覆绝缘材料的保护窗；
其中，所述反射器是细长的反射器(404)，其具有允许空气在所述反射器内部通过的空气通路开口(412)，所述开口在所述反射器(404)的顶端附近设置并且沿所述反射器(404)的纵向轴线设置；以及
其中所述涂覆绝缘材料的保护窗邻近所述细长的反射器(404)的开放部分，其中，所述细长的反射器(404)和涂覆绝缘材料的窗(408)形成空气传导通道(420)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的皮肤处理设备，其特征在于，所述光辐射源(400)是白炽灯、LED、激光二极管、固态激光、气体激光或疝气脉冲强光灯的组中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1和2中的任意一项所述的皮肤处理设备，其特征在于，所述皮肤处理设备还包括RFID或作为计数器的EEPROM，其预先载有由在所述辐射提供模块(200)更换前的待发射的最大脉冲数和在所述辐射提供模块(200)更换前在单个处理中可施加于皮肤的总能量组成的组中至少一个。
4.根据权利要求1和2中的任意一项所述的皮肤处理设备，其特征在于，所述皮肤处理设备还包括至少一对RF电极(220,710)，其与皮肤(512)永久地接触，并且匹配皮肤外形，所述RF电极(220,710)操作性地将RF电压施加到皮肤(512)的处理区域。
5.根据权利要求1所述的皮肤处理设备，其特征在于，所述冷却装置包括：
风扇(120,1000)，其操作性地提供冷却空气流(424,1010,1040)；
空气排放口(428)，其设置在所述反射器(404)的突出端部；以及
其中，所述空气排放口(428)的面积等于或大于沿所述反射器(404)的纵向轴线设置的空气通路开口(412)的面积。
6.根据权利要求1和2中的任意一项所述的皮肤处理设备，其特征在于，所述皮肤处理设备还包括：
基础框架(116)；
用于移动所述设备越过皮肤的机构；
附接到所述基础框架(116)的设备越过皮肤移动速度监测装置和移动方向传感器；以及，其中，所述光辐射脉冲重复率构建所述光辐射功率为所述设备移动速度的函数。
7.根据权利要求6所述的皮肤处理设备，其特征在于，用于连续移动所述设备越过皮肤的所述机构是包括具有齿轮(500)的DC马达、蠕动压电马达(516)或者压电马达(524)驱动的履带的组中的至少一个。
8.根据权利要求1所述的皮肤处理设备，其特征在于，所述皮肤处理设备还包括嫩肤模块(800)，所述模块可用至少一个所述脱毛机构(128)替换。
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MX2011002987A (es) 2011-07-20
EP2334249B1 (en) 2013-03-13
AU2009294227B2 (en) 2012-07-19
IL235634A0 (en) 2014-12-31
US20140081250A1 (en) 2014-03-20
WO2010032235A1 (en) 2010-03-25
US8778003B2 (en) 2014-07-15
KR20110068992A (ko) 2011-06-22
US20110166559A1 (en) 2011-07-07
IL235634B (en) 2021-04-29
CN102159151A (zh) 2011-08-17
AU2009294227A1 (en) 2010-03-25
BRPI0917921A2 (pt) 2015-11-10
US9271793B2 (en) 2016-03-01
EP2334249A1 (en) 2011-06-22
KR101523807B1 (ko) 2015-05-28
EP2334249A4 (en) 2011-08-31

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