CN102154033B - Method for producing water gas by utilizing residues generated after thermal decomposition treatment on household garbage - Google Patents
Method for producing water gas by utilizing residues generated after thermal decomposition treatment on household garbage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing water gas by utilizing residues generated after thermal decomposition treatment on household garbage, relating to a production method of water gas. The invention provides a method for producing water gas by utilizing residues generated after thermal decomposition treatment on household garbage, the yield and heat value of the water gas obtained by the method are high, and the method can fully use the residues generated after thermal decomposition treatment on household garbage and has the advantages of simple production equipment, short production time and clean production process. The method comprises the following steps of: removing large granular noncombustible such as stone, glass blocks and the like by using a separating screen, crushing solid products by using a fine crusher, washing with water and drying to obtain residues; placing the residues into a porcelain boat and feeding into a quartz tube, sealing two ends of the quartz tube with sealing rings, introducing insert gas and heating, then cooling and taking out; separately loading the residues and water in the porcelain boat and feeding to the quartz tube together, sealing the two ends of the quartz tube with the sealing rings, introducing inert gas and heating for carrying out water gas reaction and finally collecting the water gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of water-gas, especially relate to a kind of residue after the domestic garbage pyrolysis processing and be the method for raw material production water-gas.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic development, the size of population increases substantially, and the growing amount of domestic refuse is multiplied, and rubbish grows becomes another great the difficult problem of environmental protection after the three wastes that the energy, traffic, industry are discharged.Because be subject to the restriction of state of the art, domestic Industrialization of domestic Refuse Disposal level is very low.Various places all wish to find a kind of way more effective and more economic than existing landfill, compost and burning to solve this troubling problem.The domestic garbage pyrolysis technology is arisen at the historic moment.Under anaerobic or anoxia condition, rubbish decomposes, the product of three kinds of states of generation gas, liquid, solid.Gaseous state hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide arranged; Liquid have the organism such as methyl alcohol, acetone, acetic acid, acetaldehyde and tar, a solvent wet goods; Solid-state then for containing a certain amount of carbon residue.For front two kinds, have at present preferably and use, but for solid residue, because of its complicated component, contain the multiple elements such as C, O, N, S, Si, Fe, and have (such as glass, silicon oxide etc.) mainly with inert component, particle degree varies, surface properties are difficult to investigate, lack effective means always and utilize wherein valuable material, can only pile up, not only take a large amount of places, and cause certain dust pollution.Research and development technique is simple, successful, method with low cost are very significant.Utilizing coal to produce water-gas has been a kind of common methods of maturation.Water-gas can be used as fuel, and the raw material of perhaps making as synthetic ammonia, synthetic petroleum, hydrogen has a widely purposes industrial.As reference, the residue that contains equally carbon also can be used for producing water-gas.
Chinese patent CN2811297 discloses a kind of device with producing water gas from gas coal, and its body of heater of producing the device of water-gas is divided into two furnace cavities of A, B, and two furnace chamber tops are connected; Whole body of heater is the N-shaped structural shape; Two shoulder tops of N-shaped body of heater respectively are provided with the automatically coal feeding machine, and feeder is communicated with body of heater by filling tube, and filling tube one side has the steam replenishment valve; The top is provided with blowing out venting exhaust-valve in the body of heater; Two bottoms of body of heater respectively arrange fire grate; The bottom of body of heater arranges the blowing up steam valve; Air main valve and A, B stove air-valve; A, the descending valve of B stove, blow-off valve, blowing combustion valve, coal gas main valve; After being transformed on the basis of former simple stationary gas producer, to widen and utilize bituminous coal, the local coal of semibituminous coal is raw material, and so that the bituminous coal transformation efficiency is more than 90%, the chemical industry synthesis gas quality of production is good, and production cost reduces, and facility investment is little.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of residue that can take full advantage of behind the domestic garbage pyrolysis, the water-gas productive rate and the calorific value that obtain are higher, production unit is simple, and the production time is short, and the residue after the processing take domestic garbage pyrolysis of production process cleaning is the method for raw material production water-gas.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) solid residue behind the refuse pyrolysis (calling residue in the following text) fragmentation
With oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials, remove with separation sieve such as stone, glass block etc., utilize the thin broken machine that solid product is carried out fragmentation, the washing post-drying gets residue;
In step 1) in, can again sieve after the described fragmentation, obtain the residue of granularity≤0.5mm; Described washing can be washed 1 time at least.
2) residue pre-treatment
Will be by step 1) residue that obtains puts into porcelain boat, sends in the quartz glass tube, and the Glass tubing two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, passes into the rare gas element post-heating, take out after the cooling again;
In step 2) in, described heating can adopt tube furnace to heat, and the temperature of heating can be 700～1000 ℃, is preferably 900 ℃, and the time of heating can be 0.5～2h, is preferably 1h.
3) preparation water-gas
Will be by step 1) and 2) residue processed and the water porcelain boat of packing into respectively, send into together in the quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into the rare gas element post-heating, carry out water-gas reaction, collect water-gas.
In step 3) in, described heating, can adopt tube furnace to heat, the temperature of heating can be 700～1000 ℃, be preferably 900 ℃, the time of heating can be 0.5～2h, is preferably 1h, the mass ratio of described residue and water can be (2～5): 1, and the mass ratio of described residue and water is preferably 4: 1; Described collection water-gas can adopt gas-holder or balloon to collect water-gas.
Prepared water-gas and reacted residue can pass through each substances content of gas chromatographic detection, and residue can carry out the detection of carbon content by Instrument or ultimate analysis, investigate the utilization ratio of carbon.
The present invention utilizes the residue behind the domestic garbage pyrolysis to produce water-gas, and under high temperature and inert environments condition, the carbon in the residue and water reaction generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide, i.e. water-gas.The method has been carried out second stage employ to residue breakthroughly, and changing the rubbish residue is the energy, has solved the residue treatment problem that always perplexs pyrolysis rubbish industry.Carbon in the residue from the solid-state gaseous state that is converted into, has been utilized the carbon in the residue up hill and dale, the water-gas that the residue of various different carbon contents can use the method to produce.The water-gas calorific value that obtains is large, and can store transportation.The production technique of the method is simple, and is less demanding to fund for equipment investment, has simultaneously short, the advantages such as efficient is high, production process cleaning of production time.Residue becomes lark by black after water-gas reaction, can be directly used in the landfill of roadbed.The flow process of domestic garbage pyrolysis that present method is perfect is Gas Energy Source with the residue Efficient Conversion that originally was difficult to utilize, and makes " residue " really become residue, and can be applicable to suitability for industrialized production, makes refuse treatment to the gtoal setting of industrial chain development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the EDS figure of the employed carbon slag of the embodiment of the invention.In Fig. 1, the unit of X-coordinate is KeV.
Fig. 2 is the TG figure of the employed residue without any processing of the embodiment of the invention.In Fig. 2, X-coordinate be temperature T emperature (℃), ordinate zou mass percent Weight (%).
Fig. 3 is residue comparison diagram before and after the embodiment of the invention reaction.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated in connection with accompanying drawing for following examples.
Embodiment 1
1) residue behind the refuse pyrolysis is carried out fragmentation.With oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials, such as removals such as stone, glass block.Utilize the thin broken machine that solid product is crushed to granularity and be about 0.5mm, oven dry under 50 ℃ after the washing.
2) solid product pre-treatment.Solid product 2g is put into porcelain boat, send in the high temperature resistant quartz glass tube.The quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 900 ℃, continue 1h, after being down to room temperature, take out weighing.
3) preparation water-gas.To put into quartz glass tube through the residue of pre-treatment, the water 10mL porcelain boat of packing into is also put into quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 900 ℃, keep 1h and be down to room temperature, take out weighing together with porcelain boat.
4) collect gas.The quartz glass tube end of giving vent to anger puts balloon, collects gas.
5) detect.With the water-gas of collecting, utilize gas-chromatography to detect, reacted product is carried out ultimate analysis or thermogravimetric analysis, the reduction of check carbon.
Know that by Fig. 1 the residue of any processing of process does not contain multiple element, such as carbon, oxygen, sodium, magnesium, iron etc., the composition of qualitative understanding residue.Process through step 1, its component that can volatilize and burn is about 40% as can be seen from Figure 2, and the weight that wherein loses with 350～700 ℃ of temperature sections can judge that wherein the roughly content of carbon is 30%.Through after the pre-treatment, quality is reduced to about 1.6g by 2g in conjunction with residue, oily matter and volatile substances or the rear volatile matter of decomposition that the quality of minimizing mainly goes out from destructive distillation.This porcelain boat is put into Glass tubing again prepare water-gas, after reacting completely, the about 2.5L of the gas volume of collecting, quality reduces about 0.5g.Can be seen by Fig. 3 the variation of residue color before and after the reaction becoming lark from black that primitive reaction is complete to show carbon in the residue.Utilize ultimate analysis to detect as can be known its carbon content less than 0.3%.Utilize gas-chromatography analysis, can obtain the concrete component proportions of gas, hydrogen content is 52.1%, carbon monoxide 44.1%, carbonic acid gas 2.7%, methane 11%.
Embodiment 2
1) residue behind the refuse pyrolysis carries out fragmentation.With oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials, such as removals such as stone, glass block, utilize the thin broken machine that solid product is crushed to granularity and be about 0.5mm, oven dry under 50 ℃ after the washing.
2) solid product pre-treatment.Solid product 2g is put into porcelain boat, send in the high temperature resistant quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 700 ℃, continue 2h, then be down to room temperature and take out weighing.
3) preparation water-gas.To put into quartz glass tube through the residue of pre-treatment, the water 10mL porcelain boat of packing into is also put into quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 1000 ℃, keep 0.5h and be down to room temperature, take out weighing together with porcelain boat.
4) collect gas.The quartz glass tube end of giving vent to anger puts balloon, collects gas.
5) detect.With the water-gas of collecting, utilize gas-chromatography to detect, reacted product is carried out ultimate analysis or thermogravimetric analysis, the reduction of check carbon.
Embodiment 3
1) residue behind the refuse pyrolysis carries out fragmentation.With oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials, such as removals such as stone, glass block, utilize the thin broken machine that solid product is crushed to granularity and be about 0.5mm, oven dry under 50 ℃ after the washing.
2) solid product pre-treatment.Solid product 2g is put into porcelain boat, send in the high temperature resistant quartz glass tube.The quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 1000 ℃, continue 0.5h, then be down to room temperature and take out weighing.
3) preparation water-gas.To put into quartz glass tube through the residue of pre-treatment, the water 10mL porcelain boat of packing into is also put into quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 900 ℃, keep 0.5h and be down to room temperature, take out weighing together with porcelain boat.
4) collect gas.The quartz glass tube end of giving vent to anger puts balloon, collects gas.
5) detect.With the water-gas of collecting, utilize gas-chromatography to detect, reacted product is carried out ultimate analysis or thermogravimetric analysis, the reduction of check carbon.
Embodiment 4
1) residue behind the refuse pyrolysis carries out fragmentation.With oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials, such as removals such as stone, glass block.Utilize the thin broken machine that solid product is crushed to granularity and be about 0.5mm, oven dry under 50 ℃ after the washing.
2) solid product pre-treatment.Solid product 2g is put into porcelain boat, send in the high temperature resistant quartz glass tube.The quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 900 ℃, continue 1h, then be down to room temperature and take out weighing.
3) preparation water-gas.To put into quartz glass tube through the residue of pre-treatment, the water 10mL porcelain boat of packing into is also put into quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 700 ℃, keep 2h and be down to room temperature, take out weighing together with porcelain boat.
4) collect gas.The quartz glass tube end of giving vent to anger puts balloon, collects gas.
5) detect.With the water-gas of collecting, utilize gas-chromatography to detect, reacted product is carried out ultimate analysis or thermogravimetric analysis, the reduction of check carbon.
Embodiment 5
1) residue behind the refuse pyrolysis carries out fragmentation.With oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials, such as removals such as stone, glass block.Utilize the thin broken machine that solid product is crushed to granularity and be about 0.5mm, oven dry under 50 ℃ after the washing.
2) solid product pre-treatment.Solid product 2g is put into porcelain boat, send in the high temperature resistant quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 900 ℃, continue 1h, then be down to room temperature and take out weighing.
3) preparation water-gas.To put into quartz glass tube through the residue of pre-treatment, the water 4mL porcelain boat of packing into is also put into quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 900 ℃, keep 1h and be down to room temperature, take out weighing together with porcelain boat.
4) collect gas.The quartz glass tube end of giving vent to anger puts balloon, collects gas.
5) detect.With the water-gas of collecting, utilize gas-chromatography to detect, reacted product is carried out ultimate analysis or thermogravimetric analysis, the reduction of check carbon.
Embodiment 6
1) residue behind the refuse pyrolysis carries out fragmentation.With oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials, such as removals such as stone, glass block.Utilize the thin broken machine that solid product is crushed to granularity and be about 0.5mm, oven dry under 50 ℃ after the washing.
2) solid product pre-treatment.Solid product 2g is put into porcelain boat, send in the high temperature resistant quartz glass tube.The quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 800 ℃, continue 1.5h, then be down to room temperature and take out weighing.
3) preparation water-gas.To put into quartz glass tube through the residue of pre-treatment, the water 6mL porcelain boat of packing into is also put into quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into argon gas, form inert condition in the silica glass tube chamber, utilize diamond heating to 800 ℃, keep 1h and be down to room temperature, take out weighing together with porcelain boat.
4) collect gas.The quartz glass tube end of giving vent to anger puts balloon, collects gas.
5) detect.With the water-gas of collecting, utilize gas-chromatography to detect, reacted product is carried out ultimate analysis or thermogravimetric analysis, the reduction of check carbon.
In the above-described embodiments, product is put into quartz glass tube, and to carry out pre-treatment be in order to remove the volatile substances of solid product, and destructive distillation goes out a small amount of oily matter, in order to can determine to participate in the quality of the carbon of water-gas reaction.
Claims (4)
1. the residue after processing take domestic garbage pyrolysis is the method for raw material production water-gas, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) solid residue behind the refuse pyrolysis is broken
Oarse-grained non-combustiblematerials is removed with separation sieve, utilized the thin broken machine that solid product is carried out fragmentation, again sieve after the fragmentation, obtain the residue of granularity≤0.5mm, wash again post-drying, get residue;
2) residue pre-treatment
To put into porcelain boat by the residue that step 1) obtains, send in the quartz glass tube, the Glass tubing two ends will be sealed with sealing-ring, pass into the rare gas element post-heating, take out after the cooling again;
Described heating is to adopt tube furnace to heat, and the temperature of heating is 700～1000 ℃, and the time of heating is 0.5～2h;
3) preparation water-gas
Will be by step 1) and 2) residue processed and the water porcelain boat of packing into respectively, send into together in the quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube two ends are sealed with sealing-ring, pass into the rare gas element post-heating, carry out water-gas reaction, collect water-gas;
Described heating is to adopt tube furnace to heat, and the temperature of heating is 700～1000 ℃, and the time of heating is 0.5～2h; The mass ratio of described residue and water is 2～5: 1.
2. the residue after the domestic garbage pyrolysis processing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2 as the method for raw material production water-gas) in, the temperature of described heating is 900 ℃, the time of heating is 1h.
3. the residue after the domestic garbage pyrolysis processing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that as the method for raw material production water-gas the temperature of described heating is 900 ℃ in step 3), and the time of heating is 1h.
4. the residue after the domestic garbage pyrolysis processing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that as the method for raw material production water-gas the mass ratio of described residue and water is 4: 1 in step 3).
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101469865A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-07-01 | 周开根 | Plasma and calcium oxide cooperation-gasified rubbish biomass gasification method and equipment |
| CN101693848A (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2010-04-14 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Process for internally heated continuous preparing biomass pyrolysis gasification gas and rotary furnace utilized by same |
| CN101747943A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-23 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method by utilizing livestock manure to produce hydrogenous gas and other products in a step-by-step thermal decomposition way and device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008113766A2 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-09-25 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process to prepare a hydrocarbon |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101469865A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-07-01 | 周开根 | Plasma and calcium oxide cooperation-gasified rubbish biomass gasification method and equipment |
| CN101747943A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-23 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method by utilizing livestock manure to produce hydrogenous gas and other products in a step-by-step thermal decomposition way and device |
| CN101693848A (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2010-04-14 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Process for internally heated continuous preparing biomass pyrolysis gasification gas and rotary furnace utilized by same |
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