CN102153670A - Production and preservation methods and application of crude liquid pectin extract - Google Patents
Production and preservation methods and application of crude liquid pectin extract Download PDFInfo
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- CN102153670A CN102153670A CN 201110026574 CN201110026574A CN102153670A CN 102153670 A CN102153670 A CN 102153670A CN 201110026574 CN201110026574 CN 201110026574 CN 201110026574 A CN201110026574 A CN 201110026574A CN 102153670 A CN102153670 A CN 102153670A
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Abstract
The invention relates a production method of crude liquid pectin extract, comprising the following steps: pulverizing agricultural wastes containing pectin to obtain pulp, dropwise adding a citric acid solution to the pulp to adjust the pH value of the pulp; and preserving heat to extract substances from the pectin, and filtering the substances to obtain the crude liquid pectin extract. The invention further relates to a preservation method of the crude liquid pectin extract and the application of the crude liquid pectin extract to the preparation of solid fuel ethanol. The process of extracting the crude liquid pectin extract from the pectin is simplified, the way of using the agricultural and forestry wastes like the citrus peels is increased, the economic values of the agricultural and forestry wastes are improved, and ethanol can be directly added to the rude liquid pectin extract so that the crude liquid pectin extract can be preserved for a long time at normal temperature in a sealing way without removing the ethanol, and the loss of the ethanol during the production of the pectin and the energy consumed during the removal of the ethanol are avoided.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to processing of farm products and preservation field, be specifically related to a kind of production method and method for preserving thereof of liquid pectin crude extract, also relate to the application of this liquid pectin crude extract in the preparation solid fuel ethanol simultaneously.
Background technology:
At present, extracting the method for pectin from agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco, apple residue, generally is to utilize the solvability of pectin in water and the insoluble in alcohol, earlier with raw material Jia Shui such as peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco or apple residues, add heat soaking, make the raw material rehydration; Again with raw material pulverizing or making beating, and with the acidity of hydrochloric acid conditioning solution, and heating improves temperature, insulation, makes protopectin-wherein be decomposed into pectin; Again through leave standstill or centrifugate after get supernatant liquor, or through leaching filtrate, to obtain the aqueous solution of pectin; And then utilize pectin to be not dissolved in the characteristic of alcohol, and in the pectin aqueous solution, add a certain amount of alcohol, pectin is extracted from water; At last, adopt methods such as adding thermal distillation again, manage alcohol is removed, to obtain the exsiccant solid pectin.
In order to improve the purity of pectin, also need decolour, deodorization handles.The pectin that this technology is produced generally is with the preservation of dry state form, as the thickening material of food.But, adopt this technology to produce pectin, serious weak point is arranged: the one, pectous extracting method complexity---raw material rehydration, protopectin-decompose and the extraction of pectin is carried out respectively, and the production cycle is long; The 2nd, even the alcohol consumption is big---recovered alcohol, also incomplete, cause the serious waste of alcohol; The 3rd, the processes such as drying that the extraction of the rehydration of production energy consumption height---raw material, the hydrolysis of protopectin-, pectin, the distillation of alcohol remove with pectin all need many power consumptions; The 4th, pectin process for refining complexity---the pectin of gained also need remove impurity such as wherein pigment, fragrance matter, has not only increased production cost, also causes the waste of the composition beyond the pectin, even also has waste discharge that environment is polluted; The 5th, product uses complex process---and its product is dry state pectin, will pulverizing before using, spice, moistening, heated and stirred be dissolved into the aqueous solution.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of production method of liquid pectin crude extract, the method for preserving of this liquid pectin crude extract also is provided simultaneously, and utilize its application in the preparation solid fuel ethanol.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of production method of liquid pectin crude extract, this method comprises the steps: a, adds the clear water of 2-3 times of weight in fresh pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material (fresh peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco, apple residue etc. are rich in the agriculture and forestry organic waste material of pectin), or in the dried raw material of pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material, add the clear water of 10-15 times of weight, mixing, pulverize, cross 60 purpose filter screens, get soup compound; B, under 60-90 ℃, dripping in above-mentioned soup compound to the mass concentration of soup compound weight 0.5-1.5% is 1% citric acid solution, the stirring while dripping, until the pH value is 2-3, is incubated 2-3 hour again, with extraction pectin, filter with hospital gauze then, obtain liquid pectin crude extract.
The another kind of technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of production method of liquid pectin crude extract, this method comprises the steps: a, fresh pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material (fresh peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco, apple residue etc. are rich in the agriculture and forestry organic waste material of pectin) is become fritter with crusher in crushing after, the clear water that adds 2-3 times of weight again, or after the dried raw material of pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material become fritter with crusher in crushing, the clear water that adds 10-15 times of weight again, and then under the pressure of 10-20MPa, be ground into soup compound with colloidal mill or clarifixator; B, under 60-90 ℃, dripping to the mass concentration of soup compound weight 0.5-1.5% in above-mentioned soup compound is 1% citric acid solution, the stirring while dripping, until the pH value is 2-3, is incubated 2-3 hour again, with extraction pectin, filter with hospital gauze then, obtain liquid pectin crude extract.
In the aforesaid method, the dried raw material of pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material is that fresh pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material (fresh peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco, apple residue etc. are rich in the agriculture and forestry organic waste material of pectin) is made drying under the sun to dry to constant weight to constant weight or under 40-60 ℃.
The method for preserving of liquid pectin crude extract of the present invention, it is the industrial spirit that in the above-mentioned liquid pectin crude extract that obtains, adds mass concentration 85-95%, mass concentration until wherein industrial spirit reaches 30-60%, making and contain alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract, be added to this mass concentration that contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract weight 0.5-1.5% again and be 1% citric acid solution, is 1-3.5 to regulate the pH value, stir, under normal temperature, cool place, sealing preservation.
The alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract that contains of production preservation of the present invention can be used for preparing solid fuel ethanol, and the preparation method of this solid fuel ethanol may further comprise the steps:
A, the preheating that contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract and the dispersion of pre-gelled: what take by weighing preservation in the 0.1-0.5% claim 5 by weight contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract, is heated to 65-75 ℃ with water-bath, and fully stirs;
The preparation of b, magnesium chloride ethanolic soln: taking by weighing to the mass concentration that contains 1～2 times of alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract weight or 2～3 times in a step is 85～95% industrial alcohol, with water-bath this industrial spirit is heated to 65-75 ℃, the magnesium chloride of weight 0.01-0.05% is dissolved in this industrial alcohol, and stirs;
The preparation of c, stearic acid ethanolic soln: taking by weighing to the mass concentration that contains 2～3 times of alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract weight or 1～2 times in a step is 85～95% industrial alcohol, with water-bath this industrial spirit is heated to 65-75 ℃, the stearic acid of weight 3-5% is dissolved in this industrial alcohol, and stirs;
D, reaction: the stearic acid ethanolic soln that with the temperature in the c step is 65-75 ℃ earlier constantly stirs, the magnesium chloride ethanolic soln that with temperature in the b step is 65-75 ℃ again is injected in this stearic acid ethanolic soln, the limit edged constantly stirs, at last the alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract solution that contains that heats in a step is injected in the above mixing solutions, and constantly stir, reacted 5 minutes;
E, cool off, solidify, pack: above mixed solution is injected mould while hot, cooling under normal temperature, curing, moulding, packing.
The component of this solid fuel ethanol for preparing and weight percent proportioning are: ethanol 75-85%, and stearic acid 3-5%, magnesium chloride 0.01-0.05%, pectin crude extract 0.1-0.5%, all the other are water.
The production method of liquid pectin crude extract of the present invention has solved following problem:
1, raw material efficiently utilizes problem
Whole compositions in the agriculture and forestry organic waste material such as orange peel, apple residue all are utilized effectively.Pectin crude extract wherein can be used as the peptizer of solid fuel ethanol; Pigment can be used as the toner of solid fuel ethanol; Aroma component can be used as the aromatoising substance of solid fuel ethanol; Other combustiblesubstances quilts are all as the combusting component in the solid fuel ethanol.
2, the extraction of the hydrolysis of raw material rehydration, protopectin-and the pectin crude extract problem of carrying out synchronously
When utilizing conventional art to extract pectin, generally want earlier raw material to be soaked rehydration, add acid again protopectin-is hydrolyzed to pectin, and then extract pectin.This method complex process, the production time that needs is long.And the present invention carries out the immersion rehydration of raw material, the hydrolysis of protopectin-and the extraction of pectin crude extract simultaneously, has simplified production technique, has shortened the production time.And, dripping citric acid and regulate acidity, it is constant that the acidity of solution is stablized, and helps the hydrolysis of protopectin-and the raising of pectin yield.
3, the no energy consumption of liquid pectin is produced and the preservation problem
The pectin that this invention is produced is liquid pectin crude extract, rather than the solid pectin of produced in conventional processes.Produce liquid pectin crude extract according to this invention, only raw material need be added water, pulverizing (or making beating, homogeneous), soak, just can produce liquid pectin crude extract; As long as in liquid pectin crude extract, add right amount alcohol, also sealing, just can make the long-term preservation under normal temperature condition of liquid pectin crude extract, need not in pectin extraction and preservation, to consume any energy.
4, the organoleptic quality of solid fuel ethanol and flame color problem
The use of liquid pectin crude extract in solid fuel ethanol makes product possess the natural pigment and the fragrance of oranges and tangerines simultaneously, improved the organoleptic quality of solid fuel ethanol.And, during by traditional method preparation solid fuel ethanol, generally all used sodium hydroxide or calcium salt to strengthen its gelling ability.And the existence of calcium or sodium all can make the flame color of solid fuel ethanol when burning present redness.And the present invention uses magnesium to substitute sodium or calcium, does not change the flame color of alcohol fuel.
The pectin crude extract that the present invention produces is compared with the pectin crude extract of existing routine techniques production, and it the results are shown in following table 1:
Table 1 product of the present invention and prior art products comparison sheet
Therefore, compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
The immersion rehydration of raw material, the hydrolysis of protopectin-and the extraction process of pectin are merged, simplified the extraction process of pectin; Pectin crude extract water directly adds alcohol long term seal preservation at normal temperatures after proposing, and needn't carry out alcohol and remove, and has avoided the loss of alcohol and alcohol to remove needed energy consumption; Also needn't remove processing, simplify pectin purified technology compositions such as pigment and fragrance matters; Compositions such as alcohol wherein, pigment and fragrance matter can be used from the production of solid fuel ethanol with pectin crude extract one, have therefore also increased the color and luster and the fragrance of solid fuel ethanol, have improved the quality of solid fuel ethanol; This liquid pectin crude extract application in solid fuel ethanol has also reduced the usage quantity of chemical jelling agent in solid fuel, has reduced production cost, has increased the approach that utilizes of agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco, has improved its economic worth.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1, the production of liquid pectin crude extract
The clear water that adds 3 times of weight in fresh peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco, mixing is pulverized with pulverizer or is sieved to crossing 60 purposes with the hollander making beating.Pulverize again not crossing the sifter, all can cross 60 mesh sieves until raw material.The soup compound that repeatedly sieves is mixed, under 80 ℃, dropping is 1% citric acid solution for the mass concentration of soup compound weight 1% in above-mentioned soup compound, stirring while dripping, is 2.5 until the pH value, is incubated 2.5 hours again, impel the conversion of protopectin-, simultaneously pectin is extracted, then gained liquid is filtered with hospital gauze, obtain liquid pectin crude extract.
Embodiment 2, the production of liquid pectin crude extract
After the fresh apple slag become fritter with crusher in crushing, add the clear water of 3 times of weight, and then under the pressure of 18MPa, be ground into soup compound with colloidal mill or clarifixator; Under 90 ℃, dripping to the mass concentration of soup compound weight 1.5% in above-mentioned soup compound is 1% citric acid solution, stir while dripping, until the pH value is 3, be incubated 3 hours again, impel the conversion of protopectin-, simultaneously pectin is extracted, filter with hospital gauze then, obtain liquid pectin crude extract.
Embodiment 3, the production of liquid pectin crude extract
The clear water that in the dried raw material of peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco of normal temperature lower seal storage (dry under the sun dry to constant weight make to constant weight or under 40-60 ℃), adds 12 times of weight, mixing, pulverize with pulverizer again or with the hollander making beating to can 60 purposes sieve.Pulverize again not crossing the sifter, all can cross 60 mesh sieves until raw material.The soup compound that repeatedly sieves is mixed, under 70 ℃, dropping is 1% citric acid solution for the mass concentration of soup compound weight 1% in above-mentioned soup compound, stirring while dripping, is 2 until the pH value, is incubated 3 hours again, impel the conversion of protopectin-, simultaneously pectin is extracted, then gained liquid is filtered with hospital gauze, obtain liquid pectin crude extract.
Embodiment 4, the no energy consumption preservation under room temperature of liquid pectin crude extract
The industrial spirit that adds mass concentration 90% in the liquid pectin crude extract that will obtain by the inventive method production, mass concentration until wherein industrial spirit reaches 50%, make and contain alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract, be added to this mass concentration that contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract weight 1.5% again and be 1% citric acid solution, to regulate the pH value is 3, stir, in the plastic tank or other containers of acid proof, the energy strict seal of then this mixture being packed into, long-term preservation under the condition of normal temperature, cool place, sealing.
Embodiment 5, the preparation of solid fuel ethanol
What take by weighing the 0.3kg preservation contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract, is heated to 70 ℃ with water-bath, and fully stirs; Take by weighing the 0.6kg mass concentration and be 90% industrial alcohol, this industrial spirit is heated to 70 ℃, take by weighing the 0.03kg magnesium chloride and be dissolved in this industrial alcohol, and stir with water-bath; Take by weighing the 0.6kg mass concentration again and be 90% industrial alcohol, this industrial spirit is heated to 70 ℃, take by weighing the 4kg stearic acid and be dissolved in this industrial alcohol, and stir with water-bath; The stearic acid ethanolic soln that with temperature is 70 ℃ earlier constantly stirs, the magnesium chloride ethanolic soln that with temperature is 70 ℃ again is injected in this stearic acid ethanolic soln, the limit edged constantly stirs, the alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract solution that contains that will heat at last is injected in the above mixing solutions, and constantly stir, reacted 5 minutes; Cool off, solidify, pack: above mixed solution is injected mould while hot, cooling under normal temperature, curing, moulding, packing.
Claims (8)
1. the production method of a liquid pectin crude extract, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
A, add the clear water of 2-3 times of weight in fresh pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material, or add the clear water of 10-15 times of weight in the dried raw material of pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material, mixing is pulverized, and crosses 60 purpose filter screens, soup compound;
B, under 60-90 ℃, dripping in above-mentioned soup compound to the mass concentration of soup compound weight 0.5-1.5% is 1% citric acid solution, the stirring while dripping, until the pH value is 2-3, is incubated 2-3 hour again, with extraction pectin, filter with hospital gauze then, obtain liquid pectin crude extract.
2. the production method of liquid pectin crude extract as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the dried raw material of described pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material is that fresh pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material is made drying under the sun to dry to constant weight to constant weight or under 40-60 ℃.
3. the production method of a liquid pectin crude extract, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
A, fresh pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material become fritter with crusher in crushing after, the clear water that adds 2-3 times of weight again, or after the dried raw material of pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material become fritter with crusher in crushing, the clear water that adds 10-15 times of weight again, and then under the pressure of 10-20MPa, be ground into soup compound with colloidal mill or clarifixator;
B, under 60-90 ℃, dripping to the mass concentration of soup compound weight 0.5-1.5% in above-mentioned soup compound is 1% citric acid solution, the stirring while dripping, until the pH value is 2-3, is incubated 2-3 hour again, with extraction pectin, filter with hospital gauze then, obtain liquid pectin crude extract.
4. the production method of liquid pectin crude extract as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the dried raw material of described pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material is that fresh pectous agriculture and forestry organic waste material is made drying under the sun to dry to constant weight to constant weight or under 40-60 ℃.
5. the method for preserving of a liquid pectin crude extract, it is characterized in that: the industrial spirit that in claim 1-4, adds mass concentration 85-95% in each described liquid pectin crude extract, mass concentration until wherein industrial spirit reaches 30-60%, make and contain alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract, be added to this mass concentration that contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract weight 0.5-1.5% again and be 1% citric acid solution, to regulate the pH value is 1-3.5, stir, under normal temperature, the cool place, the sealing preservation.
6. a preservation as claimed in claim 5 contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract in the application of preparation in the solid fuel ethanol.
7. solid fuel ethanol as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the component of this solid fuel ethanol and weight percent proportioning are: ethanol 75-85%, stearic acid 3-5%, magnesium chloride 0.01-0.05%, pectin crude extract 0.1-0.5%, all the other are water.
8. the preparation method of a solid fuel ethanol as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps:
A, the preheating that contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract and the dispersion of pre-gelled: what take by weighing preservation in the 0.1-0.5% claim 5 by weight contains alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract, is heated to 65-75 ℃ with water-bath, and fully stirs;
The preparation of b, magnesium chloride ethanolic soln: taking by weighing to the mass concentration that contains 1～2 times of alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract weight or 2～3 times in a step is 85～95% industrial alcohol, with water-bath this industrial spirit is heated to 65-75 ℃, the magnesium chloride of weight 0.01-0.05% is dissolved in this industrial alcohol, and stirs;
The preparation of c, stearic acid ethanolic soln: taking by weighing to the mass concentration that contains 2～3 times of alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract weight or 1～2 times in a step is 85～95% industrial alcohol, with water-bath this industrial spirit is heated to 65-75 ℃, the stearic acid of weight 3-5% is dissolved in this industrial alcohol, and stirs;
D, reaction: the stearic acid ethanolic soln that with the temperature in the c step is 65-75 ℃ earlier constantly stirs, the magnesium chloride ethanolic soln that with temperature in the b step is 65-75 ℃ again is injected in this stearic acid ethanolic soln, the limit edged constantly stirs, at last the alcoholic acid liquid pectin crude extract solution that contains that heats in a step is injected in the above mixing solutions, and constantly stir, reacted 5 minutes;
E, cool off, solidify, pack: above mixed solution is injected mould while hot, cooling under normal temperature, curing, moulding, packing.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102863552A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-01-09 | 西南大学 | Preparation method of water shelloeld pectin and product thereof |
| CN103641933A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-19 | 威海市桢昊生物技术有限公司 | Method for extraction of pectin from kiwifruit peel pomace |
| CN114951239A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 成都工业学院 | Method for recovering grape pomace to prepare derivative raw material in wine brewing process |
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| CN101336874A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-01-07 | 贝侬生化（苏州工业园区）有限公司 | Water-solubility active extract in fruit skin, preparation method and use thereof |
| CN101338234A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 湖南农业大学 | Solid fuel ethanol and method for preparing same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101338234A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 湖南农业大学 | Solid fuel ethanol and method for preparing same |
| CN101336874A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-01-07 | 贝侬生化（苏州工业园区）有限公司 | Water-solubility active extract in fruit skin, preparation method and use thereof |
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| 《食品工程全书 第2卷 食品过程工程》 20040430 萧家捷等 食品原料的综合利用 中国轻工业出版社 第809-901页 5-8 , * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102863552A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-01-09 | 西南大学 | Preparation method of water shelloeld pectin and product thereof |
| CN103641933A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-19 | 威海市桢昊生物技术有限公司 | Method for extraction of pectin from kiwifruit peel pomace |
| CN114951239A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 成都工业学院 | Method for recovering grape pomace to prepare derivative raw material in wine brewing process |
| CN114951239B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-11-21 | 成都工业学院 | Method for recycling raw materials of grape pomace preparation derivative in brewing process |
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Application publication date: 20110817 |