CN102141318A - Pulse tube refrigerator - Google Patents
Pulse tube refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102141318A CN102141318A CN2011100340866A CN201110034086A CN102141318A CN 102141318 A CN102141318 A CN 102141318A CN 2011100340866 A CN2011100340866 A CN 2011100340866A CN 201110034086 A CN201110034086 A CN 201110034086A CN 102141318 A CN102141318 A CN 102141318A
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- pulse tube
- condenser
- refrigerating machine
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- groove
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/10—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point with several cooling stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1406—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube in co-axial or concentric geometrical arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1408—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube having U-turn or L-turn type geometrical arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1413—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by performance, geometry or theory
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1415—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by regenerator details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1421—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by details not otherwise provided for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a pulse tube refrigerator, capable of restraining convection in a space between a regenerator tube and a pulse tube. The pulse tube refrigerator includes the regenerator tube; the pulse tube; and a condenser condensing an atmospheric gas and disposed at cold ends of the regenerator tube and the pulse tube so as to also function as a cooling stage. The condenser includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other, a flow path having two openings on the first surface and connecting the cold end of the regenerator tube and the cold end of the pulse tube, and multiple holes extending from the second surface. The holes formed in an area of the condenser defined by a circle having the center on a straight line connecting the centers of the openings of the flow path do not pass through the condenser up to the first surface. The circle is the smallest circle enclosing the openings or a circumscribed circle circumscribing the openings.
Description
Technical field
The application advocates the priority based on the Japanese patent application of on February 3rd, 2010 application 2010-022473 number.The full content of this application is applied in this specification by reference.
The present invention relates to a kind of pulse tube refrigerating machine, relates in particular to a kind of pulse tube refrigerating machine with condensation function of atmosphere gas.
Background technology
In the past, when cooling needs the device of ultra-low temperature surroundings, for example, during nuclear magnetic resonance diagnosis device (MRI) etc., used pulse tube refrigerating machine.
In pulse tube refrigerating machine, carry out repeatedly by compressor compresses as the refrigerant gas of working fluid (for example, helium) flows into the action of cold accumulator and pulse tube and, thereby form cold in the low-temperature end of cold accumulator and pulse tube by the compressor recovery operation fluid and the action of flowing out from pulse tube and cold accumulator.And, in these low-temperature end cooling bench is set, and makes this cooling bench thermo-contact in as the cooled body of object that is cooled, and can seize heat from cooled body.
For example, pulse tube refrigerating machine is applicable to when MRI uses cryostat that the cooling bench of pulse tube refrigerating machine is disposed in the space that is communicated with the liquid helium groove that accommodates MRI magnet, and MRI magnet is cooled to ultralow temperature thus.
In addition, for MRI magnet is continued to maintain ultralow temperature, need the liquid helium of the amount that will gasify by heat exchange constantly to replenish to the liquid helium groove.Therefore, under the general situation, for helium that will gasification turns back to liquid condition once more, (for example, cooling bench under) is provided with condenser near cooling bench.And, be shown with pulse tube refrigerating machine in the patent documentation 1 with such condenser and cooling bench one formation.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2006-214717 communique
With regard to condenser, many more with the thermo-contact chance of helium, condensation efficiency (cooling effectiveness of helium) improves more.Therefore, under the general situation, a plurality of grooves that are used to increase surface area are set on the condenser.
Fig. 1 represents to have a plurality of this grooves and the schematic isometric of the condenser that plays a role as cooling bench.
Among Fig. 1, have top 2 and following 3 as the condenser 60 of cooling bench, above 2 be connected with the low-temperature end 42b of cold accumulator 41 and the low-temperature end 47b of pulse tube 46.The low-temperature end 42b of cold accumulator 41 is communicated with by the gas communication road 48 that is formed in the condenser 60 with the low-temperature end 47b of pulse tube 46.And condenser 60 has a plurality of grooves 10 that run through that run through up and down to accompanying drawing, and the surface area of condenser 60 increases thus.
In addition, though not expression among Fig. 1, condenser 60 is contained in the thermally insulated container.And following 3 downside of condenser 60 is provided with the liquid helium groove that accommodates MRI magnet.Therefore, become helium atmosphere in the housing.
If temperature is by rising with the heat exchange of MRI magnet, then the liquid helium in the liquid helium groove gasifies and becomes helium.This helium is cooled once more when contacting with condenser 60 and becomes liquid, and turns back in the liquid helium groove.Thereby, supply with the liquid helium that the amount of replenishing gasification helium is arranged all the time by condenser 60 in the liquid helium groove, keep the ultralow temperature (for example about 4K) of MRI magnet thus.
Yet, in the structure of this condenser 60, has following problem: run through groove 10 by the part of the helium of liquid helium groove gasification through what be arranged at condenser 60, with comparalive ease near the space that the lower space 75 of Fig. 1 arrives between cold accumulators 41 and the pulse tube 46.Thus, the helium flow velocity in the space between cold accumulator 41 and the pulse tube 46 increases, the convection heat losses increases, and if the generation of this convection current becomes remarkable, then have the cold accumulator 41 of pulse tube refrigerating machine and the temperature of pulse tube 46 and change, and the worry of the cooling performance of pulse tube refrigerating machine integral body decline.
Summary of the invention
The present invention finishes in view of this problem, and in the present invention, its purpose is, a kind of pulse tube refrigerating machine with condenser type is provided, and it can be suppressed at effectively and produce convection current in the space between cold accumulator and the pulse tube.
In the present invention, provide a kind of pulse tube refrigerating machine, have: cold accumulator; Pulse tube; Condenser possesses the condensation function of atmosphere gas, and plays a role as the cooling bench of the low-temperature end of described cold accumulator and described pulse tube, it is characterized in that,
The low-temperature end of described cold accumulator is connected by the circulation road that is formed in the described condenser with the low-temperature end of described pulse tube,
Described condenser has opposed mutually the 1st surface and the 2nd surface, and the 1st end of described circulation road and 2 openings that the 2nd end is used are set on described the 1st surface, and described the 2nd surface has a plurality of grooves that extend from the 2nd surface,
When observing with the direction of the axially parallel of described cold accumulator or pulse tube,
Described groove the smallest circle that comprises described 2 openings or with described 2 openings in be not through to described the 1st surface in the round zone that connects, described circle is for having the circle at center on the straight line at the center of 2 openings that link described circulation road.
In based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention, also can be for as follows: described condenser has the side that links described the 1st surface and described the 2nd surface,
In the described groove at least one has opening in described side.
And in based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention, also can be for as follows: described condenser has the side that links described the 1st surface and described the 2nd surface,
Described side has the recess along periphery,
In the described groove at least one has opening at described recess.
And in based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention, can be for as follows: described a plurality of grooves all run through yet.
And, in the present invention, provide a kind of pulse tube refrigerating machine, it has the condenser of atmosphere gas and is arranged at cooling bench on this condenser, the low-temperature end of cold accumulator is connected by the circulation road that is formed at this cooling bench with the low-temperature end of pulse tube, it is characterized in that
Described cooling bench has opposed mutually the 1st surface and the 2nd surface, and the 1st end of described circulation road and 2 openings that the 2nd end is used are set on described the 1st surface,
A plurality of grooves that described condenser has mutually opposed the 3rd surface and the 4th surface and extends from described the 4th surface,
Compare with described the 4th surface, described the 2nd surface of the more close described cooling bench in described the 3rd surface of described condenser,
When observing with the direction of the axially parallel of described cold accumulator or pulse tube,
Described groove smallest circle circle, that comprise described 2 openings that has the center on the straight line as the center of 2 openings that linking described circulation road or with described 2 openings in be not through to described the 1st surface in the zone of the circle that connects.
In based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention, also can be for as follows: this pulse tube refrigerating machine be the multi-stag pulse tube refrigerating machine,
Described atmosphere gas is a helium.
At this moment, described cooling bench also can be the lowest temperature cooling bench.
And in based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention, also can be for as follows: described the 4th face side at described condenser be provided with the liquid helium groove.
Perhaps, in based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention, also can be for as follows: this pulse tube refrigerating machine be the single stage type pulse tube refrigerating machine,
Described atmosphere gas is a nitrogen.
The invention effect
In the present invention, can provide a kind of pulse tube refrigerating machine with condenser type, it can be suppressed at effectively and produce convection current in the space between cold accumulator and the pulse tube.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is near the schematic isometric the condenser in the past the pulse tube refrigerating machine.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of representing briefly based on an example of pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of expression based on an example of the condenser of pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is vertical view and the upward view of expression based on an other example of the condenser of pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of schematically representing based on an other example of the condenser of pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the stereogram of schematically representing based on an other example of the condenser of pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of schematically representing based on an other example of the condenser of pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.
Among the figure: above the 2-condenser, below the 3-condenser, 10-runs through groove, the 41-cold accumulator, the low-temperature end of 42b-cold accumulator, 46-pulse tube, the low-temperature end of 47b-pulse tube, 48-gas communication road, 65-upper space, 75-lower space, the 100-pulse tube refrigerating machine, above the 102-condenser, below the 103-condenser, the side of 104-condenser, the 105-basket, 110-upper case body, 111-compressor, 112-switch valve, the 113-switch valve, 114, the 116-pipe arrangement, the 1st grade of reservoir of 115A-, the 2nd grade of reservoir of 115B-, the 117-aperture, 118a, 118b, 119a, the 119b-heat exchanger, 120-cold head portion, 121-flange, the 1st grade of cooling bench of 130-(cooling stage), the 1st grade of cold accumulator of 131-, 132,137,142, the 147-cylinder, 132a, the 137a-temperature end, 132b, the 137b-low-temperature end, the 133-cool storage material, the 1st grade of pulse tube of 136-, 138-gas communication road, the 2nd grade of cold accumulator of 141-, 142a, the 147a-temperature end, 142b, the 147b-low-temperature end, the 143-cool storage material, the 2nd grade of pulse tube of 146-, 148-gas communication road, 150-the 1st thermally insulated container, 152-the 2nd thermally insulated container, 153-liquid helium groove, the 154-liquid helium, 155-MRI magnet, the 2nd grade of cooling bench of 160-, condenser, the 165-upper space, the 175-lower space, 190-recess, 210-part 1, the horizontal plane of 215-part 1, the 220-part 2, the horizontal plane of 225-part 2, the sidepiece of 230-recess.
The specific embodiment
Below the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 2 represents the concise and to the point structure cutaway view based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.In the example of Fig. 2, be 2 grades of formula pulse tube refrigerating machines based on pulse tube refrigerating machine of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, possess compressor 111, upper case body 110 based on 2 grades of formula pulse tube refrigerating machines 100 of the present invention and be linked to the cold head portion 120 of this upper case body 110 by flange 121.
The 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 is for example by stainless steel hollow form cylinder 132 be filled in cool storage materials 133 such as its inner copper or stainless steel woven wire and constitute.The 1st grade of pulse tube 136 for example is made of stainless steel hollow form cylinder 137.Temperature end 132a, the 137a of these cylinders 132,137 are fixed in flange 121, and low-temperature end 132b, the 137b of these cylinders 132,137 is connected in the 1st grade of cooling bench 130.The temperature end 137a of the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 is provided with heat exchanger 118a, and low-temperature end 137b is provided with heat exchanger 118b.The 1st grade of cooling bench 130 low-temperature end 137b of being formed with 138, the 1 grades of pulse tubes 136 in gas communication road of portion within it is connected by gas communication road 138 with the low-temperature end 132b of the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131.
And the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 is for example by stainless steel hollow form cylinder 142 be filled in cool storage materials 143 such as its inner copper or stainless steel woven wire and constitute.The 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 for example is made of stainless steel hollow form cylinder 147.The temperature end 142a of the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 is connected in the low-temperature end 132b of the cylinder 132 of the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 by the 1st grade of cooling bench 130, and the low-temperature end 142b of the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 is connected in the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160.The temperature end 147a of the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 is fixed in flange 121, and low-temperature end 147b is connected in the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160.The temperature end 147a of the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 is provided with heat exchanger 119a, and the low-temperature end 147b of the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 is provided with heat exchanger 119b.The low-temperature end 147b that the inside of the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160 is formed with 148, the 2 grades of pulse tubes 146 in gas communication road is connected by gas communication road 148 with the low-temperature end 142b of the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141.
In the pulse tube refrigerating machine 100, the cold high pressure gas is supplied to the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 from compressor 111 by switch valve 112 and pipe arrangement 114, and the low pressure cold gas is discharged to compressor 111 from grade of 1 cold accumulator 131 by pipe arrangement 114 and switch valve 113.The temperature end 137a of the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 goes up and is connected with the 1st grade of reservoir 115A by aperture 117 and pipe arrangement 116.And the temperature end 147a of the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 goes up and is connected with the 2nd grade of reservoir 115B by aperture 117 and pipe arrangement 116.The pressure oscillation of aperture 117 refrigerant gas of performance adjustment cycle variation on the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 and the function of the phase difference between the Volume Changes.
In the cold head portion 120 of pulse tube refrigerating machine 100, the space between grade cooling bench 130 of flange 121～1st is contained in the 1st thermally insulated container 150 that is filled with helium.
And in the cold head portion 120 of pulse tube refrigerating machine 100, the space (upper space 165) between the 1st grade of cooling bench 130～2nd grade cooling bench 160 is contained in the 2nd thermally insulated container 152.And the 2nd thermally insulated container 152 possesses the space (lower space 175) that contains downside liquid helium groove 153, the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160.Accommodate liquid helium 154 and MRI magnet 155 in the liquid helium groove 153.Liquid helium groove 153 by lower space 175 to be arranged in the 2nd thermally insulated container 152 with the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160 opposed modes.
The 2nd grade of cooling bench 160 also plays a role as condenser.Thereby the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160 is also referred to as condenser 160 in the following description.
Then, the simple declaration action of the pulse tube refrigerating machine 100 of formation like this.At first, if switch valve 112 becomes out state, switch valve 113 becomes off status, and then the cold high pressure gas flows into the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 from compressor 111.When temperature being descended,, flow into the inside of the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 from the low-temperature end 132b process gas communication road 138 of the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 by the refrigerant gas in the 1st grade of cold accumulator of cool storage material 133 cooling inflows 131.At this moment, the cold high pressure gas compression of passing through to be flowed into preexists in the low pressure cold gas of the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 inside.Thus, the pressure of the refrigerant gas in the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 becomes and is higher than pressure in the 1st grade of reservoir 115A, and refrigerant gas flows into the 1st grade of reservoir 115A through small holes 117 and pipe arrangement 116.
And, also flow into the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 by the part of the cold high pressure gas of the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 cooling.This refrigerant gas further is cooled when temperature is descended by cool storage material 143, through gas communication road 148, flows into the inside of the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 from the low-temperature end 142b of the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141.At this moment, the cold high pressure gas compression of passing through to be flowed into preexists in the low pressure cold gas of the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 inside.Thus, the pressure of the refrigerant gas in the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 becomes and is higher than pressure in the 2nd grade of reservoir 115B, and refrigerant gas flow into the 2nd grade of reservoir 115B through small holes 117 and pipe arrangement 116.
Then,, open switch valve 113, when then the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 interior refrigerant gas cool off cool storage material 133 and 143 respectively, through the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 and the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 if close switch valve 112.And, through the refrigerant gas of the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 further through the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131.Afterwards, refrigerant gas turns back to compressor 111 from the temperature end 132a of the 1st grade of cold accumulator 131 through switch valve 113.At this, the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 are connected with the 1st grade of reservoir 115A and the 2nd grade of reservoir 115B by aperture 117 respectively, so the phase place of the Volume Changes of the phase place of the pressure oscillation of refrigerant gas and refrigerant gas changes with certain phase difference.Because of this phase difference, produce the cold that expands based on refrigerant gas at the low-temperature end 137b of the 1st grade of pulse tube 136 and the low-temperature end 147b of the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146.Pulse tube refrigerating machine 100 is by above-mentioned action repeatedly and play a role as refrigeration machine.
At this, the part of the liquid helium 154 in the liquid helium groove 153 becomes helium atmosphere by gasifying with the heat exchange of MRI magnet 155 so lower space 175 reaches the upper space 165 that is communicated with lower space 175.And this helium is then seized heat and the liquefaction that is cooled once more as if being that condenser 160 contacts with cooling bench 160, turns back to liquid helium groove 153.By this cycle period, replenish the liquid helium of the amount of gasification successively to liquid helium groove 153, and MRI magnet 155 can be maintained ultralow temperature.
At this, many more with the thermo-contact chance of helium with regard to condenser, condensation efficiency (cooling effectiveness of helium) improves more.Therefore, under the general situation, a plurality of grooves that are used to increase surface area are set on the condenser.
Yet, as previously mentioned, for as the condenser 60 of Fig. 1 structure the time, run through groove 10 by the part of the helium of liquid helium groove gasification through what be arranged at condenser 60, arrive space between the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 with comparalive ease from the lower space 75 of Fig. 1 near.As a result, the space between the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 of upper space 65 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146, the helium flow velocity increases, and the convection heat losses increases.And, if the generation of this convection current becomes significantly, then exist the cold accumulator 41 of pulse tube refrigerating machine and the temperature of pulse tube 46 to change, and the worry of the cooling performance of pulse tube refrigerating machine integral body decline.
In contrast, condenser 160 constitutes among the present invention, can not be supplied to convection current simply and produces near the space between debatable the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 by being arranged at groove in the condenser 160 through the helium of gasification.Therefore, be suppressed at effectively in the present invention in the space between the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 and produce convection current.
Fig. 3 represents the example based on the schematic sectional view of the condenser 160 that is used as the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160 of pulse tube refrigerating machine 100 of the present invention.Omit the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of parts such as pulse tube 146 among Fig. 3.And,, also omit to connect the gas communication road 148 of the low-temperature end 147b of the low-temperature end 142b of the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 in order to make clear.
As shown in Figure 3, in order to increase surface area, condenser 160 has a plurality of grooves 110.These grooves 110 103 have opening below condenser 160, and 102 extend above condenser 160.But groove 110 is not to be through to toply 102, and becomes the non-groove that runs through.
During for this condenser 160, different with condenser 60 shown in Figure 1, helium can't directly be circulated to upper space 165 from lower space 175 by the groove 110 of condenser 160.Thereby can be suppressed at effectively in the present invention and produce convection current in the space between the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146, and cooling performance that can suppressor pulse pipe refrigeration machine integral body descends.In addition, at this moment, the peripheral part of the circulation of the helium between upper space 165 and the lower space 175 by the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160 (that is the gap between the inwall of the 2nd thermally insulated container 152 and the 2nd grade of cooling bench 160) carries out.
At this, in the example of condenser shown in Figure 3 160, top 102 planes that have with respect to the vertical direction approximate horizontal of condenser 160.Yet, in condenser 160, above 102 can be surface with respect to horizontal direction inclination certain angle, the surface that perhaps also can have " circular cone " shape or " frustum of a cone " shape.At this moment, the liquid helium of 102 condensations on condenser 160 is fallen to liquid helium groove 153.
And in the example of condenser shown in Figure 3 160, the groove 110 that is formed at condenser 160 all becomes the non-groove that runs through.Yet in the present invention, the formation state of the groove 110 of condenser 160 is not limited to this form.
Other examples of condenser among Fig. 4 among expression the present invention.The last figure of Fig. 4 is equivalent to the vertical view of condenser 160-2, and figure below of Fig. 4 is equivalent to the upward view of condenser 160-2.That is, be shown with the top 102 of condenser 160-2 among the last figure of Fig. 4, be shown with following 103 of condenser 160-2 in figure below of Fig. 4.In addition, in order to make clear, among the last figure of Fig. 4 respectively the with dashed lines circle be shown with the profile of the low-temperature end 147b part of the profile of low-temperature end 142b part of the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146.And with dashed lines is shown with gas communication road 148 in two figure.
As shown in Figure 4, condenser 160-2 has 2 kinds of groove 110a and 110b.The 1st groove 110a is the non-groove that runs through, not 102 side openings on condenser 160-2.On the other hand, the 2nd groove 110b is for running through groove, below condenser 160-2 103 be through to above 102.
The position that is provided with of the 1st groove 110a is not particularly limited, so long as do not interfere the position in gas communication road 148, then can be arranged on any position.In contrast, the 2nd groove 110b only is arranged at the outside of the region S of the line division of representing with curve R.
In addition, in Fig. 4, the circle of curve R on straight line L, having center O, this inscribed is in 2 opening 148A, the 148B in gas communication road 148, and this straight line L links above being formed at the center O 1 of 2 opening 148A, the 148B on 102 gas communication road 148, the straight line of O2 from last (or from down) when observing condenser 160-2.But when 2 opening 148A, the 148B on gas communication road 148 had the shape of justifying in addition, curve R normally comprised the smallest circle of 2 opening 148A, 148B generally speaking.
It is conspicuous also can obtaining foregoing effect of the present invention in the condenser 160-2 of groove 110a, 110b with such formation.This is because in this condenser 160-2, and the helium that runs through in condenser 160-2 can directly not supply to convection current and produce near the space between debatable the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146.
Thus clearly, importantly do not form in the inboard of region S among the present invention and run through groove 110b, as long as satisfy this condition, then the configuration of groove 110 is not particularly limited.And the form of groove 110 (running through groove or the non-groove that runs through) also is not particularly limited.
Yet the viewpoint that the convection current in the space between the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146 suppresses is considered, suppresses to run through the number of groove 110b, can obtain bigger effect more, and this is self-evident.
Fig. 5 represents another other examples of the condenser among the present invention.In order to make clear, and omit gas communication road 148 among the figure.In this condenser 160-3, each groove 110c below condenser 160-3 103 and side 104 have peristome, and form " bending " shape of " font of falling L ".In addition, in each groove 110c, the part of horizontal expansion and the part of longitudinal extension may not be necessarily with 90 ° angle quadrature.And each groove 110c can have " bending " shape shape in addition of " font of falling L ", and each groove 110c is also 104 to following 103 roughly straight line extensions from the side for example.
And, only being shown with the groove 110c of " bending " shape of " font of falling L " among the figure, but in addition, condenser 160-3 can also have a plurality of 103 non-grooves that run through that possess opening below.And, as previously mentioned, if the outside of region S (not shown among Fig. 5) then also can have the groove of running through.
Even in this structure,, the helium that runs through in condenser 160-3 do not produce near the space between debatable the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146, so can access aforementioned effect because can directly not supplying to convection current.
Fig. 6 represents another other examples of the condenser among the present invention.In order to make clear, and omit gas communication road 148 among the figure.This condenser 160-4 has the side 104 that possesses recess 190 at middle body.That is, on condenser 160-4, form part 1 210 (upper portion of recess 190) and part 2 220 (lower portion of recess 190) by recess 190.Form top 102 and following 103 parallel horizontal planes 215 on the part 1 210 with condenser 190-4.Form top 102 and following 103 parallel horizontal planes 225 on the part 2 220 with condenser 190-4.And part 2 220 has a plurality of groove 110d that run through, and these run through groove and are through to horizontal plane 225 from following 103.
In addition, only be shown with among the figure be formed at part 2 220 run through groove 110d, but in addition, part 2 220 can also have a plurality of 103 non-grooves that run through that possess opening below.And part 1 210 also can have a plurality of non-grooves that run through that have opening at horizontal plane 215.In addition, if the outside of part 1 210 aforementioned areas S (not shown among Fig. 6) then also can have the groove of running through.
Even in this structure,, the helium that runs through in condenser 160-4 do not produce near the space between debatable the 2nd grade of cold accumulator 141 and the 2nd grade of pulse tube 146, so can access aforementioned effect because can directly not supplying to convection current yet.
Fig. 7 represents another other examples of the condenser among the present invention.In order to make clear, and omit gas communication road 148 among Fig. 7.This condenser 160-5 and aforementioned condenser 160-4 constitute in the same manner.But, during for this condenser 160-5, the sidepiece 230 that is formed on recess 190 on the part 2 220 (lower portion of recess 190) have opening a plurality of " fonts of falling L " " bending " shape run through groove 110e.In addition, also be shown with among Fig. 7 and a plurality ofly run through groove 110d, run through groove 110d but also can not form these.And identical with the condenser 160-4 of Fig. 6, part 2 220 can also have a plurality of 103 non-grooves that run through that possess opening below except that running through groove.And part 1 210 also can have a plurality of non-grooves that run through that possess opening at horizontal plane 215.
More than, as pulse tube refrigerating machine, enumerating 2 grades of formula devices is that example has illustrated feature of the present invention.Yet in the present invention, pulse tube refrigerating machine also can be multi-stag or the single stage type pulse tube refrigerating machine more than 3 grades.
And, as the atmosphere gas in the 1st thermally insulated container the 150, the 2nd thermally insulated container 152, as example feature of the present invention has been described in the above-mentioned record with the situation of using helium.Yet the atmosphere in each thermally insulated container also can be the atmosphere beyond the helium.For example in the single stage type pulse tube refrigerating machine, because the temperature of cooling bench is about 40K～50K, so can use nitrogen as atmosphere gas.At this moment, the liquid helium groove is replaced to liquid nitrogen tank.
And in above-mentioned record, situation about constituting with condenser and cooling bench one is that example is illustrated.But condenser and cooling bench also can be parts respectively.At this moment, among Fig. 2, also can be at the downside butt condenser of cooling bench.
[embodiment]
Below, the embodiment of the invention is described.
Actual 2 grades of formula pulse tube refrigerating machines to Fig. 2 structure turn round, and measure the temperature of the 1st grade of cooling bench and the 2nd grade of cooling bench and grasp effect of the present invention.
With regard to condenser, used the condenser of Fig. 1 structure, promptly below condenser, have a plurality of condensers that run through groove that generally perpendicularly extend with respect to these planes (experiment 1), an and condenser of Fig. 3 structure to top, promptly below condenser, generally perpendicularly extend, but be not through to top condenser (experiment 2) with respect to this face.In the experiment 1,2, groove number and configuration are set in the same manner.The groove sum is set at about 30, and the groove diameter all is set at about 4mm.With regard to groove, both avoided being formed with the zone in the gas communication road that pulse tube and cold accumulator use, again as far as possible with uniformly-spaced configuration.In addition, used helium as the atmosphere gas in the 1st and the 2nd thermally insulated container 150,152.
The resulting result of expression in the table 1.
[table 1]
| Experiment | The 1st grade of cooling bench temperature | The 2nd grade of cooling |
| Experiment | ||
| 1 | 45.9K | 4.35 |
| Experiment | ||
| 2 | 45.5K | 4.31K |
As shown in Table, the thermic load of the 1st grade of cooling bench is set at 30W, and when the thermic load of the 2nd grade of cooling bench was set at 1.0W, in experiment 1, the temperature of the 1st grade of cooling bench became 45.9K, the temperature of the 2nd grade of cooling bench becomes 4.35K.On the other hand, in experiment 2, the temperature of the 1st grade of cooling bench becomes 45.5K, and the temperature of the 2nd grade of cooling bench becomes 4.31K.
From this results verification to, by structure of condenser of the present invention, the temperature of the 2nd grade of cooling bench reduces effectively.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention can be applicable to the various cold storage refrigeration machine of the condenser that possesses atmosphere gas, such as pulse tube refrigeration machine of the condenser that possesses atmosphere gas etc.
Claims (9)
1. a pulse tube refrigerating machine has: cold accumulator; Pulse tube; And condenser, possess the condensation function of atmosphere gas, and play a role as the cooling bench of the low-temperature end of described cold accumulator and described pulse tube, it is characterized in that,
The low-temperature end of described cold accumulator is connected by the circulation road that is formed in the described condenser with the low-temperature end of described pulse tube,
Described condenser has opposed mutually the 1st surface and the 2nd surface, and the 1st end of described circulation road and 2 openings that the 2nd end is used are set on described the 1st surface, and described the 2nd surface has a plurality of grooves that extend from the 2nd surface,
When observing with the direction of the axially parallel of described cold accumulator or pulse tube,
Described groove smallest circle circle, that comprise described 2 openings that has the center on the straight line as the center of 2 openings that linking described circulation road or with described 2 openings in be not through to described the 1st surface in the zone of the circle that connects.
2. pulse tube refrigerating machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described condenser has the side that links described the 1st surface and described the 2nd surface,
In the described groove at least one has opening in described side.
3. pulse tube refrigerating machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described condenser has the side that links described the 1st surface and described the 2nd surface,
Described side has the recess along periphery,
In the described groove at least one has opening at described recess.
4. pulse tube refrigerating machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described a plurality of groove does not all run through.
5. pulse tube refrigerating machine has the condenser of atmosphere gas and is arranged at cooling bench on this condenser, and the low-temperature end of cold accumulator is connected by the circulation road that is formed at this cooling bench with the low-temperature end of pulse tube, it is characterized in that,
Described cooling bench has opposed mutually the 1st surface and the 2nd surface, and the 1st end of described circulation road and 2 openings that the 2nd end is used are set on described the 1st surface,
A plurality of grooves that described condenser has mutually opposed the 3rd surface and the 4th surface and extends from described the 4th surface,
Compare with described the 4th surface, described the 2nd surface of the more close described cooling bench in described the 3rd surface of described condenser,
When observing with the direction of the axially parallel of described cold accumulator or pulse tube,
Described groove the smallest circle that comprises described 2 openings or with described 2 openings in be not through to described the 1st surface in the zone of the circle that connects, described circle is for having the circle at center on the straight line at the center of 2 openings that link described circulation road.
6. as each the described pulse tube refrigerating machine in the claim 1 to 5, this pulse tube refrigerating machine is the multi-stag pulse tube refrigerating machine, it is characterized in that,
Described atmosphere gas is a helium.
7. pulse tube refrigerating machine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that,
Described cooling bench is the lowest temperature cooling bench.
8. as each the described pulse tube refrigerating machine in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that,
Described the 2nd face side at described condenser is provided with the liquid helium groove.
9. as each the described pulse tube refrigerating machine in the claim 1 to 5, this pulse tube refrigerating machine is the single stage type pulse tube refrigerating machine, it is characterized in that,
Described atmosphere gas is a nitrogen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP022473/2010 | 2010-02-03 | ||
| JP2010022473 | 2010-02-03 |
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| CN102141318A true CN102141318A (en) | 2011-08-03 |
| CN102141318B CN102141318B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201110034086.6A Active CN102141318B (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2011-01-31 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110185747A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102141318B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110058184A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-07-26 | 北京绪水互联科技有限公司 | Cold head efficiency calculation index and method, the system that cold head efficiency calculation and monitoring are realized using the index |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102141318B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| US20110185747A1 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
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