CN102141254B - Solid fuel gasification and combustion device and boiler - Google Patents
Solid fuel gasification and combustion device and boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102141254B CN102141254B CN201110028986.XA CN201110028986A CN102141254B CN 102141254 B CN102141254 B CN 102141254B CN 201110028986 A CN201110028986 A CN 201110028986A CN 102141254 B CN102141254 B CN 102141254B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solid fuel gasification and combustion device and a boiler, and relates to the combustion device. The combustion device and the boiler are characterized in that a gasification furnace is composed of the inner space of a vertical type revolved body furnace wall; an air duct is arranged above the gasification furnace; a charging opening and an air inlet are arranged on a side wall between the air duct and the gasification furnace; an ignition door is arranged at the lower part of the gasification furnace; an air chamber is arranged below the gasification furnace; the outlet of gasification objects is arranged from the middle section of the gasification furnace; a secondary combustion device comprises an air entraining channel, an annular air chamber d, an air hole b, a fire opening and a combustion stabilizing chamber, wherein the air inlet end of the air entraining channel is connected to the outlet of the gasification objects of the gasification furnace; the air outlet end of the air entraining channel is connected to the fire opening; the fire opening is connected to the combustion stabilizing chamber; the combustion stabilizing chamber is composed of the inner space of a combustion stabilizing ring; the furnace wall body at the fire opening section is provided with the annular air chamber d; the annular air chamber d is connected by a blast hole; and the annular air chamber d is communicated with the fire opening through the air hole b. In the invention, the solid fuel is subjected to gasification combustion, the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel is improved, clean combustion is realized, and the pollution to environment is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to combustion apparatus, particularly relate to the combustion apparatus and the boiler that use solid fuel.
Background technology
The available solid fuel of the mankind comprises living beings and the domestic waste of coal, agriculture and forestry organic waste material class, China is coal production big country, also be the big producing country of house refuse, the biomass resource of China is very abundant simultaneously, there are a large amount of agricultural wastes, fuel wood woods, wood-curing waste available, only the agricultural wastes of stalk, husk and so on just have more than 700,000,000 ton every year, amount to more than 300,000,000 ton of standard coal.
In the energy resource structure of China, coal is first energy, mainly as boiler oil.In recent years; day by day exhausted along with the increasingly serious and fossil fuel of environmental protection situation; under national policy is helped; actively utilize biomass energy; adopt compression curing molding technology; living beings or organic house refuse are pressed into fuel slug that density is large or granular fuel or moulded coal and use, overcome that living beings or house refuse are different, loose and density is little, transportation, storage and inconvenient problem with use, improved the service efficiency of biomass fuel or garbage fuel.But for a long time, the burning process of combustion apparatus is directly to burn as main, and ubiquity burning is insufficient, the thermal efficiency is low, coal resources waste is serious, and very easily produces coal smoke and dust, contaminated environment.Coal smoke is generated by dehydrogenation, polymerization or the condensation of hydrocarbon fuel, is very difficult once coal smoke formation burns again, so the combustion apparatus of the directly burning that uses solid fuel can cause the phenomenon of coal smoke and dust pollution atmospheric environment.
Current, China is just in the friendly type of built environment and conservation-minded society, for realize target, must improve the efficiency of fuel combustion to reduce resource consumption, and realize clean burning to reduce the pollution to environment simultaneously, therefore, the combustion apparatus high in the urgent need to a kind of thermal efficiency, environmental pollution is few provides heat energy, meets and produces and living needs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will overcome the solid fuel shortcoming that directly burning brings, and by the measure of carrying out again second-time burning after advanced solid fuel promoting the circulation of qi is increased operation rate and reduced pollution, realizes energy-conservation and object clean burning.Described solid fuel comprises coal cinder, coke, biomass fuel piece, garbage fuel piece, biomass granule fuel, granulated garbage fuel, biomass coal and rubbish moulded coal.
A kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment of the present invention, comprise gasification hearth and after burner, it is characterized in that gasification hearth (1-IV) is made up of the interior space of vertical revolving body furnace wall, there is air passageway (1-VI) top of gasification hearth (1-IV), on the side wall between air passageway (1-VI) and gasification hearth (1-VI), there is charging/air inlet (129), when equipment operation, solid fuel and combustion air enter in stove from charging/air inlet (129), lighting door (120) is arranged at the bottom of gasification hearth (1-IV), there is air compartment (1-V) in the below of gasification hearth (1-IV), between gasification hearth (1-IV) and air compartment (1-V), there is grate (113), air compartment (1-V) has blast orifice a (115) access, and vapour outlet picks out from the stage casing of gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d of annular air compartment (109), wind hole b (108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room (1-I), stable burning room (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d of annular air compartment (109) of burner (1-II) section, the d of annular air compartment (109) has blast orifice b (131) access, the d of annular air compartment (109) is communicated to burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108).In this equipment, the furnace wall in air passageway (1-VI) is the extension of gasification hearth (1-IV) furnace wall, on the top of air passageway (1-VI), there is furnace top cover (102), on the furnace top cover (102) of air passageway (1-VI) or furnace wall, wind hole a (103) is set, in the time that wind hole a (103) is arranged on the furnace wall of air passageway (1-VI), wind hole a (103) distributes ringwise for porous mode, at the furnace wall Nei You of air passageway (1-VI) a of annular air compartment (106), wind hole a (103) is communicated to a of annular air compartment (106), the a of annular air compartment (106) has air-out interface a (130) to pick out.When concrete enforcement, the air feed system of combustion air is set at stove outward, air-out interface a (130) is connected to the blower inlet of air feed system by airduct; In the time that wind hole a (103) is arranged on furnace top cover (102), wind hole a (103) is connected to the blower inlet of air feed system by universal joint assembly (104) and airduct (105).The slag coking of high-temperature area and furnace wall bonding while operation for fear of equipment, the furnace wall in the oxidation reaction region of gasification hearth (1-IV) is designed to the furnace wall of water jacket mode, therefore, in this equipment, the vertical revolving body furnace wall of gasification hearth (1-IV) comprises flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a (123) is on water jacket (110), the skin of flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110) is heat-insulation layer a (125), the skin of heat-insulation layer a (125) is shell a (126), vapour outlet picks out from flame retardant coating a (123), there is lighting door (120) in the bottom of water jacket (110).
Another kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment of the present invention, it is characterized in that substituting flame retardant coating a (123) and the water jacket (110) in the said equipment with fire-resistant furnace wall (124), fire-resistant furnace wall (124) is tubular construction, at the body of wall Zhong You of fire-resistant furnace wall (124) b of annular air compartment (128), tube chamber (122) and the c of annular air compartment (121), the b of annular air compartment (128) is on top, the c of annular air compartment (121) is in bottom, tube chamber (122) is communicated with between the b of annular air compartment (128) and the c of annular air compartment (121), tube chamber (122) is distributed in the body of wall of fire-resistant furnace wall (124) ringwise for multitube mode, the b of annular air compartment (128) has air intake interface (127) access, the c of annular air compartment (121) has air-out interface b (112) to pick out.In the time that equipment uses, combustion air enters into the b of annular air compartment (128) from air intake interface (127), enter in the c of annular air compartment (121) by tube chamber (122) again, then drawn by air-out interface b (112), send in gasification hearth (1-IV) and in after burner, in the time that combustion air passes through the b of annular air compartment (128), tube chamber (122) and the c of annular air compartment (121), combustion air is subject to preheating and removes in time the heat of gasification hearth (1-IV) furnace wall, prevents that furnace wall from occurring overheated and fragile.
In the time using coal cinder for fuel, for enabling to slag tap smoothly, with the grate (113) in the alternative the said equipment of debris crasher (114), debris crasher (114) is made up of rotating shaft and crushing cutter, wherein, crushing cutter is trident form, and jaw is pyramid structure, has multiple crushing cutters in every rotating shaft.
The 4th kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment of the present invention, comprise gasification hearth and after burner, it is characterized in that gasification hearth (1-IV) is made up of the interior space of horizontal revolving body furnace wall, there is feeding screw in the front of gasification hearth (1-IV), there is air compartment (1-V) at the rear of gasification hearth (1-IV), there is lighting door (120) rear end of air compartment (1-V), there is blast orifice a (115) access the side of air compartment (1-V), the downside of air compartment (1-V) has slag-drip opening (132), there is vapour outlet to pick out in the stage casing of gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d of annular air compartment (109), wind hole b (108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room (1-I), stable burning room (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d of annular air compartment (109) of burner (1-II) section, the d of annular air compartment (109) has blast orifice b (131) access, the d of annular air compartment (109) is communicated to burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108).In this equipment, the horizontal revolving body furnace wall of gasification hearth (1-IV) comprises flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), water jacket (110) be arranged on flame retardant coating a (123) and air compartment (1-V) furnace wall between, vapour outlet picks out from flame retardant coating a (123); Have debris crasher (114) in the rear end of gasification hearth (1-IV), debris crasher (114) is made up of rotating shaft and crushing cutter, and wherein, crushing cutter is trident form, and jaw is pyramid structure, has multiple crushing cutters in every rotating shaft.
The 5th kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment of the present invention, it is characterized in that substituting air compartment (1-V) and the lighting door (120) in above-mentioned the 4th kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment with plasma torch (140), horizontal revolving body furnace wall comprises flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), water jacket (110) is arranged on flame retardant coating a (123) afterwards, gas ions spray gun (140) is arranged on the rear end of water jacket (110), downside at water jacket (110) rear portion has slag-drip opening (132), vapour outlet picks out from flame retardant coating a (123).When the operation of this equipment, water vapour is heated to more than 4000 ℃ in plasma torch (140), make hydrone be decomposed into the activity chemistry thing of hydrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, oxygen and hydrogen-oxygen atomic group, gasifying agent utilization is done at the rear portion that sprays into gasification hearth (1-IV), carries out the artificial fuel gas of chemical reaction generation take carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main component with coke.This equipment does not need to gasification hearth (1-IV) input air combustion-supporting in solid-fuelled gasification, make the calorific value of artificial fuel gas high, greatly reduce the nitrogen content in combustion apparatus simultaneously, therefore can effectively suppress the generation of nitrogen oxide, reduce and pollute.
In the said equipment, adopt combustion air to enter in stove from charging/air inlet (129), the wind hole a (103) arranging on furnace top cover (102) or furnace wall again introduces the design of air feed system, can make charging aperture form negative pressure, guarantee that in stove, vapour can not leak, meanwhile, can make combustion air obtain preheating.
When concrete enforcement, by above-mentioned five kinds of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment one wherein, be applied in gasification fired boiler equipment, the burner that enters of boiler combustion burner hearth is connected with the stable burning room (1-I) of after burner, heated element or heat exchange elements are set in burner hearth, carry out heat energy producing steam in next life or the hot water that second-time burning produces with solid-fuelled gasification waste heat and vapour, offer and produce or live required, waste gas in burner hearth is introduced chimney by air-introduced machine, enter atmosphere by chimney again, or the waste gas in burner hearth is directly entered to atmosphere by chimney.
When the said equipment operation, solid fuel is entered in gasification hearth (1-IV) and is carried out gasification reaction by charging/air inlet (129), solid fuel is from top to bottom operation in gasification hearth (1-IV), first carry out destructive distillation effusion fugitive constituent, then the fuel gas that carries out reduction reaction, gas making reaction generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen, finally carries out oxidation reaction until burn, simultaneously, in gasification hearth (1-IV), send into gasifying agent, gasifying agent comprises water vapour and combustion air, water vapour wherein enters in gasification hearth (1-IV) by water vapour spout (111), or enter air compartment (1-V) by blast orifice a (115), again in grate (113) enters gasification hearth (1-IV), combustion air enters into the air passageway (1-VI) in stove by charging/air inlet (129), enter a of annular air compartment (106) by wind hole a (103) again, draw through air-out interface a (130) again, then send into air compartment (1-V) by air feed system, enter again the oxide regions of gasification hearth (1-IV) bottom by grate (113), carry out combustion reaction with coke, for gasification provides heat, in solid-fuelled gasification, water vapour and red-hot charcoal carry out that gas making is reacted and the fuel gas that generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the carbon dioxide that combustion reaction produces and red-hot charcoal carry out the fuel gas of reduction reaction generation carbon monoxide, gas making reaction and reduction reaction need absorb heat, provided by combustion reaction, when equipment work, the graviational interaction of the outer air-introduced machine of stove or chimney makes burner hearth form negative pressure, by regulating wind supply quantity, air inducing amount that the operating pressure of burner hearth and gasification hearth (1-IV) is controlled between negative pressure 50～20pa, the interior fuel gas producing of gasification hearth (1-IV) is introduced in after burner and burns, combustion air in after burner accesses the d of annular air compartment (109) by air feed system through blast orifice b (131), then enter into burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108), the fuel gas producing in gasification hearth (1-IV) locates to meet combustion air and acutely burning at burner (1-II), steady combustion circle (107) is made by fire-resistant heat-storing material, there is the function of accumulation of heat and reflected infrared ray heat, therefore combustion-supporting and effect smooth combustion is played by stable burning room (1-I), the flame that burner (1-II) produces enters into after stable burning room (1-I), to maintain smooth combustion, and form fiery curtain from burner (1-II) to the region of stable burning room (1-I), coal smoke and remaining combustion gas in vapour are thoroughly burnt, reach the effect of clean combustion.
A kind of solid fuel gasification combustion boiler of the present invention, it is characterized in that boiler is by gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner, burner hearth a (3-I), smoke-box (3-II) and furnace wall composition, wherein: gasification hearth (1-IV) is gone along with sb. to guard him by flame retardant coating a (123) or fire-resistant furnace wall (124), there is air passageway (1-VI) top of gasification hearth (1-IV), on the side wall between air passageway (1-VI) and gasification hearth (1-IV), there is charging/air inlet (129), lighting door (120) is arranged at the bottom of gasification hearth (1-IV), there is air compartment (1-V) in the below of gasification hearth (1-IV), between gasification hearth (1-IV) and air compartment (1-V), there are grate (113) or debris crasher (114), air compartment (1-V) has blast orifice a (115) access, vapour outlet picks out from the stage casing of gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d of annular air compartment (109), wind hole b (108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room (1-I), stable burning room (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), the flame export of stable burning room (1-I) is at burner hearth a (3-I), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d of annular air compartment (109) of burner (1-II) section, the d of annular air compartment (109) has blast orifice b (131) access, the d of annular air compartment (109) is communicated to burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108), burner hearth a (3-I) and smoke-box (3-II) are gone along with sb. to guard him by refractory insulating layer b (310), there is drum a (304) top of burner hearth a (3-I) and smoke-box (3-II), between burner hearth a (3-I) and smoke-box (3-II), there is shim (314), burner hearth a (3-I) side of shim (314) and smoke-box (3-II) side have respectively delivery port to pick out, and water inlet (318) is arranged at the bottom of shim (314), in the region of burner hearth a (3-I), be subject to backing a (306), many groups are subject to backing a (306) to be from front to back the setting of decline step arrangement, each group is subject to the delivery port of backing a (306) upper end to be connected to drum a (304) by canalis pterygoideus a (321), front group of water inlet that is subject to backing a (306) lower end is connected to adjacent rear group of bottom that is subject to backing a (306), last group of delivery port that is subject to the water inlet of backing a (306) lower end to be connected to shim (314) by communicating pipe a (320), in the region of smoke-box (3-II), be subject to backing b (307), many groups are subject to backing b (307) to be from front to back the setting of rising step arrangement, each group is subject to the delivery port of backing b (307) upper end to be connected to drum a (304) by canalis pterygoideus b (305), the delivery port of shim (314) bottom smoke-box (3-II) side is connected to the adjacent water inlet that is subject to backing b (307) lower end by communicating pipe b (315), front group is subject to the delivery port of backing b (307) bottom to be connected to rear group of water inlet that is subject to backing b (307) lower end, the bottom of smoke-box (3-II) has exhanst gas outlet a (316) to pick out.When concrete enforcement, this equipment is applied as normal-pressure hot-water boiler, and being subject to backing a (306), being subject to the heated medium in backing b (307) and drum a (304) is water; At exhanst gas outlet a (316), air preheater, deduster, air-introduced machine and chimney are set afterwards, or at exhanst gas outlet a (316), air preheater and chimney are set afterwards; The air feed system of boiler comprises air blast, air preheater, volume damper and connection airduct, in stove, the air-out interface a (130) of a of annular air compartment (106) in gasification region is connected to the air inlet of air blast, the air outlet of air blast is connected to the air channel import of air preheater, and the ducting outlet of air preheater is connected to by volume damper in stove, gasify the blast orifice a (115) in region and the blast orifice b (131) of after burner respectively.In this equipment, be subject to backing a (306) and be subject to backing b (307) to be designed to slab construction, have that heating surface area is large, thermal conversion efficiency is high and the feature of compact conformation.When the operation of this equipment, solid fuel is entered in gasification hearth (1-IV) and is carried out gasification reaction by charging/air inlet (129), simultaneously comprising that the gasifying agent of water vapour and combustion air sends in gasification hearth (1-IV), generate the fuel gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, fuel gas is introduced in after burner and burns, in after burner, form the fiery curtain of burning from burner (1-II) to stable burning room (1-I) region, the fiery curtain that burns thoroughly burns coal smoke and the remaining combustion gas in vapour, reaches the effect of clean combustion, combustion flame enters into combustion chamber a (3-I), heat passed to and is subject to backing a (306), be subject to the water in backing b (307) and drum a (304) by the mode of radiant heat transfer and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, water is heated up and produce hot water, offer and produce or living needs, red-hot air-flow edge is subject to the space between backing a (306) to rise to the below of drum a (304), then along being subject to the space between backing b (307) to drop to smoke-box (3-II), red-hot air-flow is by being subject between backing a (306) and while being subject to the path between backing b (307), heat has been passed to and has been subject to backing a (306) and is subject to the water in backing b (307), water is heated up, make air-flow cooling simultaneously, waste gas after cooling is drawn from exhanst gas outlet a (316), enter the air preheater heating combustion air of bringing extra power into play, after dedusting, enter atmosphere by chimney.
Another kind of solid fuel gasification combustion boiler of the present invention, it is characterized in that boiler is by gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner, burner hearth a (3-I) and furnace wall composition, wherein, the structure of gasification function part is that following a or b one wherein: a. are in the time adopting air-breathing gasification mode, gasification hearth (1-IV) is gone along with sb. to guard him by flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110) are horizontal linear setting, water jacket (110) is arranged on flame retardant coating a (123) afterwards, there is air compartment (1-V) at the rear of water jacket (110), there is feeding screw in the front of gasification hearth (1-IV), on flame retardant coating a (123), there is vapour outlet to pick out, in air compartment (1-V), there is debris crasher (114), there is lighting door (120) rear end of air compartment (1-V), there is blast orifice a (115) access the side of air compartment (1-V), and the downside of air compartment (1-V) has slag-drip opening (132), b. in the time of using plasma gasification mode, gasification hearth (1-IV) is gone along with sb. to guard him by flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110) are horizontal linear setting, flame retardant coating a (123) at water jacket (110) before, there is feeding screw in the front of gasification hearth (1-IV), on flame retardant coating a (123) furnace wall, there is vapour outlet to pick out, gas ions spray gun (140) is arranged on the rear end of water jacket (110), has slag-drip opening (132) at the downside at water jacket (110) rear portion.The after burner of this equipment comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d of annular air compartment (109), wind hole b (108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room (1-I), stable burning room (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), the flame export of stable burning room (1-I) is at burner hearth b (4-I), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d of annular air compartment (109) of burner (1-II) section, the d of annular air compartment (109) has blast orifice b (131) access, the d of annular air compartment (109) is communicated to burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108), burner hearth b (4-I) is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractory insulating layer c (409), there is drum b (402) top in burner hearth b (4-I), in burner hearth b (4-I), there is distributive pipe a (408), tube bank a (407) is heated, collector pipe a (419), distributive pipe b (406), tube bank b (405) is heated, collector pipe b (403) and header tube c (416), wherein, the tube bank a (407) that is heated is three bending forms, front portion is upturned, be heated tube bank a (407) front end be connected to collector pipe a (419), be heated tube bank a (407) rear end be connected to distributive pipe a (408), distributive pipe a (408), tube bank a (407) and collector pipe a (419) the formation a group of being heated is subject to backing, it is that many groups form is evenly distributed in burner hearth b (4-I) that a group is subject to backing, be heated tube bank b (405) for eighty percent discount bending formula, front portion is upturned, be heated tube bank b (405) front end be connected to collector pipe b (403), be heated tube bank b (405) rear end be connected to distributive pipe b (406), distributive pipe b (406), be heated tube bank b (405) and collector pipe b (403) formation b group are subject to backing, and it is that many groups form is evenly distributed on the rear portion of burner hearth b (4-I) and interts and is subject in the space between backing in a group that b group is subject to backing, the water side of collector pipe a (419) and collector pipe b (403) is connected to drum b (402) from both wings respectively, the water inlet end of distributive pipe a (408) and distributive pipe b (406) is connected to header tube c (416), and the low level of drum b (402) is connected to header tube c (416) by down-comer (415), the low level of burner hearth b (4-I) has shoot door (413), and exhanst gas outlet b (414) is arranged at the rear furnace wall bottom of burner hearth b (4-I).When concrete enforcement, this equipment is as steam boiler or hot-water boiler application, distributive pipe a (408), be heated tube bank a (407), collector pipe a (419), distributive pipe b (406), the heated medium of restraining in b (405), collector pipe b (403) and drum b (402) that is heated are water or steam water interface, at exhanst gas outlet b (414), air preheater, deduster, air-introduced machine and chimney are set afterwards, or at exhanst gas outlet b (414), air preheater and chimney are set afterwards; The air feed system of boiler comprises air blast, air preheater, volume damper and connection airduct, in stove, the air-out interface a (130) of a of annular air compartment (106) in gasification region is connected to the air inlet of air blast, the air outlet of air blast is connected to the air channel import of air preheater, and the ducting outlet of air preheater is connected to by volume damper in stove, gasify the blast orifice a (115) in region and the blast orifice b (131) of after burner respectively.In this equipment, being heated, tube bank a (407) and the tube bank b (405) that is heated are arranged in burner hearth b (4-I), make the large and high feature of thermal conversion efficiency of available heat swept area in burner hearth b (4-I), as being weldingly connected with steel plate between tube bank being heated, can make has larger heating surface area in burner hearth.When the operation of this equipment, solid fuel enters into gasification hearth (1-IV) by charging/air inlet (129) and carries out gasification reaction, simultaneously comprising that the gasifying agent of water vapour and combustion air sends in gasification hearth (1-IV), generate the fuel gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, fuel gas is introduced in after burner and burns, in after burner, form the fiery curtain of burning from burner (1-II) to stable burning room (1-I), the fiery curtain that burns thoroughly burns coal smoke and the remaining combustion gas in vapour, reaches the effect of clean combustion, combustion flame enters into burner hearth b (4-I), the water that heat is passed to the tube bank a (407) that is heated, is heated in tube bank b (405), distributive pipe a (408), collector pipe a (419), distributive pipe b (406), collector pipe b (403) and drum b (402) by the mode of radiant heat transfer and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, water is heated up and produce steam or hot water, offer and produce and live required, red-hot air-flow is through the tube bank a (407) that is heated, collector pipe a (419), tube bank b (405) is heated, collector pipe b (403), space between distributive pipe a (408) and distributive pipe b (406), by the arrival rear portion, front portion of burner hearth b (4-I), by heat having been passed to the tube bank a (407) that is heated, collector pipe a (419), tube bank b (405) is heated, collector pipe b (403), water in distributive pipe a (408) and distributive pipe b (406) and make air-flow cooling, waste gas after cooling is drawn from exhanst gas outlet b (414), enter the air preheater heating combustion air of bringing extra power into play, after dedusting, enter atmosphere by chimney.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: take the advanced promoting the circulation of qiization of a solid fuel to produce fuel gas, then fuel gas is carried out to the measure of second-time burning, can improve solid-fuelled efficiency of combustion, and realize clean combustion, reduce the contamination to environment.Compared with routine techniques, boiler thermal output of the present invention is higher, to the pollution of environment still less.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of using solid fuel of the present invention carried out the equipment structure chart of gasification, and combustion;
Fig. 2 is that another kind of the present invention uses solid fuel and carries out the equipment structure chart of gasification, and combustion;
Fig. 3 be of the present invention another use solid fuel and carry out the equipment structure chart of gasification, and combustion;
Fig. 4 is the A-A profile of Fig. 1 or Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the B-B profile of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 or Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the C-C profile of Fig. 3;
Fig. 7 is a kind of boiler structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is another kind of boiler structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is another boiler structure figure of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the D-D profile of Fig. 8 or Fig. 9.
In figure: 101. bells are carried handle, 102. furnace top cover, 103. wind hole a, 104. universal joint assembly, 105. airduct, 106. a of annular air compartment, 107. steady combustion circles, 108. wind hole b, 109. d of annular air compartment, 110. water jacket, 111. water vapour spouts, 112. air-out interface b, 113. grate, 114. debris crasher, 115. blast orifice a, 116. water seal, 117. furnace foundation, 118. cleanout door, 119. access door a, 120. lighting door, 121. c of annular air compartment, 122. tube chamber, 123. flame retardant coating a, 124. fire-resistant furnace walls, 125. heat-insulation layer a, 126. shell a, 127. air intake interfaces, 128. b of annular air compartment, 129. chargings/air inlet, 130. air-out interface a, 131. blast orifice b, 132. slag-drip opening, 133. spiral-tube, 134. helical axis, 135. shaft seal, 136. feeding screw pedestals, 137. gearbox, 138. axle box, 139. hopper, 140. plasma torch, 141. flame-observing mirror, 1-I. stable burning room, 1-II. burner, 1-III. tap air channel, 1-IV. gasification hearth, 1-V. air compartment, 1-VI. air passageway, 2. the grey slag car 301. Pressure gauges, 302. steam valves, 303. safety valves, 304. drum a, 305. canalis pterygoideus b, 306. are subject to backing a, and 307. are subject to backing b, 308. ribs, 309. water-cooling wall a, 310. refractory insulating layer b, 311. heat-insulation layer b, 312. shell b, 313. access door b, 314. shims, 315. communicating pipe b, 316. exhanst gas outlet a, 317. cleaning doors, 318. water inlets, 319. sewage draining exits, 320. communicating pipe a, 321. canalis pterygoideus a, 3-I. combustion chamber a, 3-II. smoke-box, 401. steam (vapor) outlets, 402. drum b, 403. collector pipe b, 404. water-cooling wall b, 405. are heated restrains b, 406. distributive pipe b, and 407. are heated restrains a, 408. distributive pipe a, 409. refractory insulating layer c, 410. heat-insulation layer c, 411. shell c, 412. header tube b, 413. shoot doors, 414. exhanst gas outlet b, 415. down-comers, 416. header tube c, 417. header tube a, 418. access door c, 419. collector pipe a, 4-I. combustion chamber b.
The specific embodiment
Shown in embodiment 1 Fig. 1 is a kind of gasification combustion equipment using solid fuel, gasification hearth (1-IV) is wherein made up of the interior space of vertical revolving body furnace wall, revolving body furnace wall comprises flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a (123) is on water jacket (110), the skin of flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110) is heat-insulation layer a (125), and the skin of heat-insulation layer a (125) is shell a (126), there is air passageway (1-VI) top of gasification hearth (1-IV), the furnace wall in air passageway (1-VI) is the extension of gasification hearth (1-IV) furnace wall, wind hole a (103) is set on the furnace wall of air passageway (1-VI), wind hole a (103) distributes ringwise for porous mode, at the furnace wall Nei You of air passageway (1-VI) a of annular air compartment (106), wind hole a (103) is communicated to a of annular air compartment (106), and a of annular air compartment (106) has air-out interface a (130) to pick out, on the side wall between air passageway (1-VI) and gasification hearth (1-IV), there is charging/air inlet (129), vapour outlet picks out from flame retardant coating a (123), there is water vapour spout (111) in the bottom of water jacket (110), have lighting door (120) in the bottom of water jacket (110), there is air compartment (1-V) in the below of water jacket (110), between water jacket (110) and air compartment (1-V), have grate (113), air compartment (1-V) has blast orifice a (115) access, after burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d of annular air compartment (109), wind hole b (108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room (1-I), stable burning room (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room (1-I), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d of annular air compartment (109) of burner (1-II) section, the d of annular air compartment (109) has blast orifice b (131) access, the d of annular air compartment (109) is communicated to burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108).The present embodiment is as the combustion apparatus of boiler, the burner that enters of boiler combustion burner hearth is connected with the stable burning room (1-I) of after burner, the air feed system of combustion air is set outward at stove, air feed system comprises air blast, air preheater and connection airduct, wherein the flue gas interface of air preheater is connected on the exhanst gas outlet of boiler, the rear class of air preheater has air-introduced machine and chimney, or the exhanst gas outlet of air preheater is directly connected to chimney; The air-out interface a (130) of a of annular air compartment (106) is connected to the air inlet of air blast by airduct, the air outlet of air blast is connected to the air input interface of air preheater, the air output interface of air preheater is connected respectively to the blast orifice a (115) of air compartment (1-V) and the blast orifice b (131) of after burner, has respectively damper at the arrival end of blast orifice a (115) and blast orifice b (131).Slagging tap for the mode of manually slagging tap of the present embodiment, slag is left out by mistake on the bottom surface of air compartment (1-V) by grate (113), then trips out from cleanout door (118).
In embodiment shown in embodiment 2 Fig. 2, with the grate (113) in alternative the 1st embodiment of debris crasher (114), debris crasher (114) is made up of rotating shaft and crushing cutter, wherein, crushing cutter is trident form, jaw is pyramid structure, has multiple crushing cutters in every rotating shaft, and rotating shaft is by hand shaken or by the mechanical rotation of motor-ways of deceleration; Wind hole a (103) changes on the furnace top cover (102) of air passageway (1-VI), wind hole a (103) is connected to airduct (105) by universal joint assembly (104), and airduct (105) is connected to the blower inlet of air feed system.The below of the present embodiment air compartment (1-V) is water seal (116), slags tap for mechanical tap mode, and slag drops in water seal slag bath by debris crasher (114), is then tripped out by mucking machine.
In embodiment shown in embodiment 3 Fig. 3, with flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110) in alternative the 1st embodiment of fire-resistant furnace wall (124) or the 2nd embodiment, fire-resistant furnace wall (124) is tubular construction, at the body of wall Zhong You of fire-resistant furnace wall (124) b of annular air compartment (128), tube chamber (122) and the c of annular air compartment (121), the b of annular air compartment (128) is on top, the c of annular air compartment (121) is in bottom, tube chamber (122) is communicated with between the b of annular air compartment (128) and the c of annular air compartment (121), tube chamber (122) is distributed in the body of wall of fire-resistant furnace wall (124) ringwise for multitube mode, the b of annular air compartment (128) has air intake interface (127) access, the c of annular air compartment (121) has air-out interface b (112) to pick out.When the present embodiment operation, combustion air enters into the b of annular air compartment (128) from air intake interface (127), enter in the c of annular air compartment (121) by tube chamber (122) again, then drawn by air-out interface b (112), send in gasification hearth (1-IV) and after burner.The present embodiment is in the time that combustion air passes through the b of annular air compartment (128), tube chamber (122) and the c of annular air compartment (121), combustion air is subject to preheating and removes in time the heat of gasification hearth (1-IV) furnace wall, prevents that furnace wall from occurring overheated and being damaged.In the present embodiment air compartment (1-V), there is the grey slag car (2) to accept slag.
Shown in embodiment 4 Fig. 7 is that a kind of using solid fuel carried out the boiler plant of gasification, and combustion, boiler plant is by gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner, burner hearth a (3-I), smoke-box (3-II) and furnace wall composition, wherein: gasification hearth (1-IV) is gone along with sb. to guard him by flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a (123) is on water jacket (110), there is air compartment (1-V) below of water jacket (110), there is air passageway (1-VI) top of gasification hearth (1-IV), the furnace wall in air passageway (1-VI) is the extension of gasification hearth (1-IV) furnace wall, air passageway (1-VI) furnace wall, flame retardant coating a (123), the skin of water jacket (110) and air compartment (1-V) furnace wall is heat-insulation layer a (125), the skin of heat-insulation layer a (125) is shell a (126), wind hole a (103) is set on the furnace wall of air passageway (1-VI), wind hole a (103) distributes ringwise for porous mode, at the furnace wall Nei You of air passageway (1-VI) a of annular air compartment (106), wind hole a (103) is communicated to a of annular air compartment (106), and a of annular air compartment (106) has air-out interface a (130) to pick out, on the side wall between air passageway (1-VI) and gasification hearth (1-IV), there is charging/air inlet (129), lighting door (120) and water vapour spout (111) access are arranged at the bottom of water jacket (110), between gasification hearth (1-IV) and air compartment (1-V), there is debris crasher (114), air compartment (1-V) has blast orifice a (115) access, and the below of air compartment (1-V) is water seal (116), vapour outlet picks out from the position of flame retardant coating a (123), after burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d of annular air compartment (109), wind hole b (108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room (1-I), stable burning room (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), the flame export of stable burning room (1-I) is at burner hearth a (3-I), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d of annular air compartment (109) of burner (1-II) section, the d of annular air compartment (109) has blast orifice b (131) access, the d of annular air compartment (109) is communicated to burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108), burner hearth a (3-I) and smoke-box (3-II) are gone along with sb. to guard him by water-cooling wall a (309) and refractory insulating layer b (310), there is drum a (304) top of burner hearth a (3-I) and smoke-box (3-II), between burner hearth a (3-I) and smoke-box (3-II), there is shim (314), burner hearth a (3-I) side of shim (314) and smoke-box (3-II) side have respectively delivery port to pick out, and water inlet (318) is arranged at the bottom of shim (314), in the region of burner hearth a (3-I), be subject to backing a (306), many groups are subject to backing a (306) to be from front to back the setting of decline step arrangement, each group is subject to the delivery port of backing a (306) upper end to be connected to drum a (304) by canalis pterygoideus a (321), front group of water inlet that is subject to backing a (306) lower end is connected to adjacent rear group of bottom that is subject to backing a (306), last group of delivery port that is subject to the water inlet of backing a (306) lower end to be connected to shim (314) by communicating pipe a (320), in the region of smoke-box (3-II), be subject to backing b (307), many groups are subject to backing b (307) to be from front to back the setting of rising step arrangement, each group is subject to the delivery port of backing b (307) upper end to be connected to drum a (304) by canalis pterygoideus b (305), smoke-box (3-II) the side delivery port of shim (314) bottom is connected to the adjacent water inlet that is subject to backing b (307) lower end by communicating pipe b (315), front group is subject to the delivery port of backing b (307) bottom to be connected to rear group of water inlet that is subject to backing b (307) lower end, the bottom of smoke-box (3-II) has exhanst gas outlet a (316) to pick out.The boiler plant of the present embodiment is applied as normal-pressure hot-water boiler, and being subject to backing a (306), being subject to the heated medium in backing b (307) and drum a (304) is water; The air feed system of boiler comprises air blast, air preheater, volume damper and connection airduct, air preheater arranges exhanst gas outlet a (316) afterwards, and the rear class of air preheater has deduster, air-introduced machine and chimney (not shown); The air-out interface a (130) of a of annular air compartment (106) is connected to the air inlet of air blast, the air outlet of air blast is connected to the air channel import of air preheater, and the ducting outlet of air preheater is connected to respectively blast orifice b (131) (not shown) of blast orifice a (115) and the after burner in the region of gasifying in stove by volume damper.When the present embodiment operation, solid fuel enters into gasification hearth (1-IV) by charging/air inlet (129) and carries out gasification reaction, simultaneously comprising that the gasifying agent of water vapour and combustion air sends in gasification hearth (1-IV), generate the fuel gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, slag falls into water seal (116), is tripped out by mucking machine, fuel gas is introduced in after burner and burns, in after burner, form the fiery curtain of burning from burner (1-II) to stable burning room (1-I), the fiery curtain that burns thoroughly burns coal smoke and the remaining combustion gas in vapour, reaches the effect of clean combustion, combustion flame enters into combustion chamber a (3-I), heat is passed to and is subject to backing a (306) by the mode of radiant heat transfer and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, be subject to the water in backing b (307) and drum a (304), water is heated up and produce the hot water of production or living needs, red-hot air-flow edge is subject to the space between backing a (306) to rise to the below of drum a (304), then along being subject to the space between backing b (307) to drop to smoke-box (3-II), red-hot air-flow is by being subject between backing a (306) and while being subject to the path between backing b (307), heat has been passed to and has been subject to backing a (306) and is subject to the water in backing b (307), water is heated up, make air-flow cooling simultaneously, waste gas after cooling is drawn from exhanst gas outlet a (316), enter the air preheater heating combustion air of bringing extra power into play, finally by entering atmosphere by chimney after dedusting.
In embodiment shown in embodiment 5 Fig. 8, boiler plant is made up of gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner, burner hearth a (3-I) and furnace wall, wherein, gasification hearth (1-IV) is gone along with sb. to guard him by flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a (123) and water jacket (110) are horizontal linear setting, water jacket (110) is arranged on flame retardant coating a (123) afterwards, and there is air compartment (1-V) at the rear of water jacket (110), there is feeding screw in the front of gasification hearth (1-IV), on flame retardant coating a (123), there is vapour outlet to pick out, in air compartment (1-V), there is debris crasher (114), there is lighting door (120) rear end of air compartment (1-V), there is blast orifice a (115) access the side of air compartment (1-V), the downside of air compartment (1-V) has slag-drip opening (132), and slag-drip opening (132) is connected to hydrolock slag bath (not shown), after burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d of annular air compartment (109), wind hole b (108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room (1-I), stable burning room (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), the flame export of stable burning room (1-I) is at burner hearth b (4-I), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d of annular air compartment (109) of burner (1-II) section, the d of annular air compartment (109) has blast orifice b (131) access, the d of annular air compartment (109) is communicated to burner (1-II) by wind hole b (108), burner hearth b (4-I) is gone along with sb. to guard him by water-cooling wall b (404) and refractory insulating layer c (409), there is drum b (402) top in burner hearth b (4-I), in burner hearth b (4-I), there is distributive pipe a (408), tube bank a (407) is heated, collector pipe a (419), distributive pipe b (406), tube bank b (405) is heated, collector pipe b (403) and header tube c (416), wherein, the tube bank a (407) that is heated is three bending forms, front portion is upturned, be heated tube bank a (407) front end be connected to collector pipe a (419), be heated tube bank a (407) rear end be connected to distributive pipe a (408), distributive pipe a (408), tube bank a (407) and collector pipe a (419) the formation a group of being heated is subject to backing, it is that many groups form is evenly distributed in burner hearth b (4-I) that a group is subject to backing, be heated tube bank b (405) for eighty percent discount bending formula, front portion is upturned, be heated tube bank b (405) front end be connected to collector pipe b (403), be heated tube bank b (405) rear end be connected to distributive pipe b (406), distributive pipe b (406), be heated tube bank b (405) and collector pipe b (403) formation b group are subject to backing, and it is that many groups form is evenly distributed on the rear portion of burner hearth b (4-I) and interts and is subject in the space between backing in a group that b group is subject to backing, the water side of collector pipe a (419) and collector pipe b (403) is connected to drum b (402) from both wings respectively, the water inlet end of distributive pipe a (408) and distributive pipe b (406) is connected to header tube c (416), and the low level of drum b (402) is connected to header tube c (416) by down-comer (415), the low level of burner hearth b (4-I) has shoot door (413), and exhanst gas outlet b (414) is arranged at the rear furnace wall bottom of burner hearth b (4-I).The present embodiment is applied as steam boiler, distributive pipe a (408), be heated tube bank a (407), collector pipe a (419), distributive pipe b (406), the heated medium of restraining in b (405), collector pipe b (403) and drum b (402) that is heated are water or steam water interface, at exhanst gas outlet b (414), air preheater, deduster, air-introduced machine and chimney are set afterwards; The air feed system of boiler comprises air blast, air preheater, volume damper and connection airduct, in stove, the air-out interface a (130) of a of annular air compartment (106) in gasification region is connected to the air inlet of air blast, the air outlet of air blast is connected to the air channel import of air preheater, and the ducting outlet of air preheater is connected to by volume damper in stove, gasify the blast orifice a (115) in region and the blast orifice b (131) of after burner respectively.When the present embodiment operation, solid fuel enters into gasification hearth (1-IV) by charging/air inlet (129) and carries out gasification reaction, simultaneously comprising that the gasifying agent of water vapour and combustion air sends in gasification hearth (1-IV), generate the fuel gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, slag enters into hydrolock slag bath by slag-drip opening (132), is tripped out by mucking machine, fuel gas is introduced in after burner and burns, in after burner, form the fiery curtain of burning from burner (1-II) to stable burning room (1-I), the fiery curtain that burns thoroughly burns coal smoke and the remaining combustion gas in vapour, reaches the effect of clean combustion, combustion flame enters into burner hearth b (4-I), and heat is passed to distributive pipe a (408) by the mode of radiant heat transfer and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, tube bank a (407) is heated, collector pipe a (419), distributive pipe b (406), tube bank b (405) is heated, water in collector pipe b (403) and drum b (402), heats up water and produces steam or the hot water of production and living needs, and red-hot air-flow is through the tube bank a (407) that is heated, collector pipe a (419), tube bank b (405) is heated, collector pipe b (403), space between distributive pipe a (408) and distributive pipe b (406), by the arrival rear portion, front portion of burner hearth b (4-I), by heat having been passed to the tube bank a (407) that is heated, collector pipe a (419), tube bank b (405) is heated, collector pipe b (403), water in distributive pipe a (408) and distributive pipe b (406) and make air-flow cooling, waste gas after cooling is drawn from exhanst gas outlet b (414), enter the air preheater heating combustion air of bringing extra power into play, after dedusting, enter atmosphere by chimney.
In embodiment shown in embodiment 6 Fig. 9, with air compartment (1-V) and lighting door (120) in alternative the 5th embodiment of plasma torch (140), gas ions spray gun (140) is arranged on the rear end of water jacket (110), and slag-drip opening (132) is arranged on the downside at water jacket (110) rear portion; Plasma torch is worked in transferred arc mode, the cathode power wire connections of plasma torch is connected respectively to the negative pole of power-supply controller of electric main power source and the negative pole of striking high frequency electric source, supply terminals on anode is connected respectively to the positive pole of power-supply controller of electric main power source and the positive pole of striking high frequency electric source, on plasma torch, have cooling water connector, working media interface, cooling water connector and working media interface are connected to water system and steam-supplying system (not shown) by the earthenware of one section of 50cm length respectively.When the present embodiment operation, water vapour is heated to more than 4000 ℃ in plasma torch (140), make hydrone be decomposed into the activity chemistry thing of hydrogen and oxygen, gasifying agent utilization is done at the rear portion that sprays into gasification hearth (1-IV), carries out the artificial fuel gas of chemical reaction generation take carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main component with coke.The present embodiment does not need to gasification hearth (1-IV) input air combustion-supporting in solid-fuelled gasification, make the calorific value of artificial fuel gas high, greatly reduce the nitrogen content in combustion apparatus simultaneously, therefore can effectively suppress the generation of nitrogen oxide, reduce and pollute.
In the above embodiments, fire-resistant furnace wall or flame retardant coating are with alumina cement concreting or use refractory brick material, and heat-insulation layer is selected aluminosilicate refractory fiber material, and shell is selected steel plate materials.
Claims (6)
1. a solid fuel gasification combustion equipment, comprise gasification hearth and after burner, it is characterized in that gasification hearth (1-IV) is made up of the interior space of vertical revolving body furnace wall, there is air passageway (1-VI) top of gasification hearth (1-IV), on the side wall between air passageway (1-VI) and gasification hearth (1-IV), there is charging/air inlet (129), lighting door (120) is arranged at the bottom of gasification hearth (1-IV), there is air compartment (1-V) in the below of gasification hearth (1-IV), between gasification hearth (1-IV) and air compartment (1-V), there is grate (113), air compartment (1-V) has blast orifice a(115) access, vapour outlet picks out from the stage casing of gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d(109 of annular air compartment), wind hole b(108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room's (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room's (1-I), stable burning room's (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d(109 of annular air compartment of burner (1-II) section), the d(109 of annular air compartment) have a blast orifice b(131) access, the d(109 of annular air compartment) by wind hole b(108) be communicated to burner (1-II),
The furnace wall in air passageway (1-VI) is the extension of gasification hearth (1-IV) furnace wall, on the top of air passageway (1-VI), there is furnace top cover (102), on the furnace top cover (102) of air passageway (1-VI) or furnace wall, wind hole a(103 is set), as wind hole a(103) while being arranged on the furnace wall of air passageway (1-VI), wind hole a(103) distribute ringwise for porous mode, the furnace wall Nei You a(106 of annular air compartment of (1-VI) in air passageway), wind hole a(103) be communicated to the a(106 of annular air compartment), the a(106 of annular air compartment) have an air-out interface a(130) pick out.
2. a kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment according to claim 1, the vertical revolving body furnace wall that it is characterized in that gasification hearth (1-IV) comprises flame retardant coating a(123) and water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a(123) on water jacket (110), flame retardant coating a(123) and the skin of water jacket (110) be heat-insulation layer a(125), heat-insulation layer a(125) skin be shell a(126), vapour exports from flame retardant coating a(123) pick out, there is lighting door (120) in the bottom of water jacket (110).
3. a kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that substituting flame retardant coating a(123 with fire-resistant furnace wall (124)) and water jacket (110), fire-resistant furnace wall (124) is tubular construction, at the body of wall Zhong You of fire-resistant furnace wall (124) b(128 of annular air compartment), tube chamber (122) and the c(121 of annular air compartment), the b(128 of annular air compartment) on top, the c(121 of annular air compartment) in bottom, tube chamber (122) is communicated with at the b(128 of annular air compartment) and the c(121 of annular air compartment) between, tube chamber (122) is distributed in the body of wall of fire-resistant furnace wall (124) ringwise for multitube mode, the b(128 of annular air compartment) there is air intake interface (127) to access, the c(121 of annular air compartment) have an air-out interface b(112) pick out.
4. according to a kind of solid fuel gasification combustion equipment described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that substituting grate (113) with debris crasher (114), debris crasher (114) is made up of rotating shaft and crushing cutter, wherein, crushing cutter is trident form, jaw is pyramid structure, has multiple crushing cutters in every rotating shaft.
5. a solid fuel gasification combustion boiler, is characterized in that boiler is by gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner, burner hearth a(3-I), smoke-box (3-II) and furnace wall form, wherein:
Gasification hearth (1-IV) is by flame retardant coating a(123) or fire-resistant furnace wall (124) go along with sb. to guard him, there is air passageway (1-VI) top of gasification hearth (1-IV), on the side wall between air passageway (1-VI) and gasification hearth (1-IV), there is charging/air inlet (129), lighting door (120) is arranged at the bottom of gasification hearth (1-IV), there is air compartment (1-V) in the below of gasification hearth (1-IV), between gasification hearth (1-IV) and air compartment (1-V), there are grate (113) or debris crasher (114), air compartment (1-V) has blast orifice a(115) access, vapour outlet picks out from the stage casing of gasification hearth (1-IV),
After burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d(109 of annular air compartment), wind hole b(108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room's (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room's (1-I), stable burning room's (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), the flame export of stable burning room's (1-I) is in burner hearth a(3-I), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d(109 of annular air compartment of burner (1-II) section), the d(109 of annular air compartment) have a blast orifice b(131) access, the d(109 of annular air compartment) by wind hole b(108) be communicated to burner (1-II),
Burner hearth a(3-I) and smoke-box (3-II) by refractory insulating layer b(310) go along with sb. to guard him, burner hearth a(3-I) and the top of smoke-box (3-II) have drum a(304), burner hearth a(3-I) and smoke-box (3-II) between have shim (314), the burner hearth a(3-I of shim (314)) side and smoke-box (3-II) side have respectively delivery port to pick out, and water inlet (318) is arranged at the bottom of shim (314);
In burner hearth a(3-I) region in be subject to backing a(306), many groups are subject to backing a(306) be from front to back the setting of decline step arrangement, each group is subject to backing a(306) delivery port of upper end is by canalis pterygoideus a(321) be connected to drum a(304), front group is subject to backing a(306) water inlet of lower end is by communicating pipe a(320) be connected to adjacent rear group and be subject to backing a(306) and bottom, last group is subject to backing a(306) water inlet of lower end is connected to the delivery port of shim (314);
In the region of smoke-box (3-II), be subject to backing b(307), many groups are subject to backing b(307) be from front to back the setting of rising step arrangement, each group is subject to backing b(307) delivery port of upper end is by canalis pterygoideus b(305) be connected to drum a(304), smoke-box (3-II) the side delivery port of shim (314) bottom is by communicating pipe b(315) be connected to the adjacent backing b(307 that is subject to) water inlet of lower end, front group is subject to backing b(307) delivery port of bottom is connected to rear group and is subject to backing b(307) water inlet of lower end, exhanst gas outlet a(316 is arranged at the bottom of smoke-box (3-II)) pick out.
6. a solid fuel gasification combustion boiler, is characterized in that boiler is by gasification hearth (1-IV), after burner, burner hearth a(3-I) and furnace wall form, wherein, the structure of gasification function part is following a or b one wherein:
A. in the time adopting air-breathing gasification mode, gasification hearth (1-IV) is by flame retardant coating a(123) and water jacket (110) go along with sb. to guard him, flame retardant coating a(123) and water jacket (110) be horizontal linear setting, water jacket (110) is arranged on flame retardant coating a(123) afterwards, there is air compartment (1-V) at the rear of water jacket (110), there is feeding screw in the front of gasification hearth (1-IV), at flame retardant coating a(123) on have vapour outlet to pick out, in air compartment (1-V), there is debris crasher (114), there is lighting door (120) rear end of air compartment (1-V), there is blast orifice a(115 the side of air compartment (1-V)) access, the downside of air compartment (1-V) has slag-drip opening (132),
B. in the time of using plasma gasification mode, gasification hearth (1-IV) is by flame retardant coating a(123) and water jacket (110) go along with sb. to guard him, flame retardant coating a(123) and water jacket (110) be horizontal linear setting, flame retardant coating a(123) at water jacket (110) before, there is feeding screw in the front of gasification hearth (1-IV), at flame retardant coating a(123) there is on furnace wall vapour outlet to pick out, gas ions spray gun (140) is arranged on the rear end of water jacket (110), has slag-drip opening (132) at the downside at water jacket (110) rear portion;
After burner comprises tap air channel (1-III), the d(109 of annular air compartment), wind hole b(108), burner (1-II) and stable burning room's (1-I), the inlet end of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to the vapour outlet of gasification hearth (1-IV), the outlet side of tap air channel (1-III) is connected to burner (1-II), burner (1-II) is connected to stable burning room's (1-I), stable burning room's (1-I) is made up of the interior space of steady combustion circle (107), the flame export of stable burning room's (1-I) is in burner hearth b(4-I), burner (1-II) forms aditus structure by annular furnace wall reducing, at the furnace wall Ti Neiyou d(109 of annular air compartment of burner (1-II) section), the d(109 of annular air compartment) have a blast orifice b(131) access, the d(109 of annular air compartment) by wind hole b(108) be communicated to burner (1-II),
Burner hearth b(4-I) by refractory insulating layer c(409) go along with sb. to guard him, burner hearth b(4-I) in top have drum b(402), burner hearth b(4-I) in have distributive pipe a(408), tube bank a(407 is heated), collector pipe a(419), distributive pipe b(406), tube bank b(405 is heated), collector pipe b(403) and header tube c(416), wherein, tube bank a(407 is heated) be three bending forms, front portion is upturned, be heated tube bank a(407) front end be connected to collector pipe a(419), be heated tube bank a(407) rear end be connected to distributive pipe a(408), distributive pipe a(408), tube bank a(407 is heated) and collector pipe a(419) formation a group is subject to backing, it is that many groups form is evenly distributed on burner hearth b(4-I that a group is subject to backing) in, tube bank b(405 is heated) be eighty percent discount bending formula, front portion is upturned, be heated tube bank b(405) front end be connected to collector pipe b(403), be heated tube bank b(405) rear end be connected to distributive pipe b(406), distributive pipe b(406), tube bank b(405 is heated) and collector pipe b(403) formation b group is subject to backing, it is that many groups form is evenly distributed on burner hearth b(4-I that b group is subject to backing) rear portion and interting be subject in the space between backing in a group, collector pipe a(419) and collector pipe b(403) water side be connected to drum b(402 from both wings respectively), distributive pipe a(408) and distributive pipe b(406) water inlet end be connected to header tube c(416), drum b(402) low level be connected to header tube c(416 by down-comer (415)), burner hearth b(4-I) low level have shoot door (413), burner hearth b(4-I) rear furnace wall bottom have exhanst gas outlet b(414).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110028986.XA CN102141254B (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Solid fuel gasification and combustion device and boiler |
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| CN201110028986.XA CN102141254B (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Solid fuel gasification and combustion device and boiler |
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| CN102141254B true CN102141254B (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103305280B (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-17 | 赵郁新 | Biomass gasifying furnace |
| CN104315495B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-02-17 | 徐泽蛟 | A kind of energy-saving, environmental protection boiler equipment and boiler energy-saving processing method |
| CN108485712B (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2024-06-07 | 长春鑫鼎汇能源机械有限公司 | Aqueous oxyhydrogen biomass gasification burner |
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| CN2485537Y (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cinder discharger for coal gasifying boiler |
| CN1916490A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2007-02-21 | 周开根 | Smokeless burning technique and equipment with fire fontanel being setup inside furnace |
| CN201401781Y (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-02-10 | 侯文锋 | Biomass gasification combustion system of industrial boiler |
| CN101806463A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-08-18 | 张家界三木能源开发有限公司 | Novel biomass combined gasification furnace |
| CN202056920U (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-11-30 | 周开根 | Solid fuel gasification combustion equipment and boiler |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5280757A (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1994-01-25 | Carter George W | Municipal solid waste disposal process |
| CN2485537Y (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cinder discharger for coal gasifying boiler |
| CN1916490A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2007-02-21 | 周开根 | Smokeless burning technique and equipment with fire fontanel being setup inside furnace |
| CN201401781Y (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-02-10 | 侯文锋 | Biomass gasification combustion system of industrial boiler |
| CN101806463A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-08-18 | 张家界三木能源开发有限公司 | Novel biomass combined gasification furnace |
| CN202056920U (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-11-30 | 周开根 | Solid fuel gasification combustion equipment and boiler |
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