CN102140372A - High-temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device - Google Patents
High-temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102140372A CN102140372A CN201110043839XA CN201110043839A CN102140372A CN 102140372 A CN102140372 A CN 102140372A CN 201110043839X A CN201110043839X A CN 201110043839XA CN 201110043839 A CN201110043839 A CN 201110043839A CN 102140372 A CN102140372 A CN 102140372A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device, which comprises a gas flow channel of a chiller and an atomizing nozzle arranged on the side wall of the gas flow channel, wherein the gas flow channel is connected with a reaction chamber and a cooling chamber of a gasification furnace and provides a mixing space for a chilling medium and high-temperature crude synthesis gas; the atomizing nozzle is a single-flow-channel pressure nozzle or a double-flow-channel gas-liquid two-phase nozzle, and is partitioned into 1-20 layers; each layer is uniformly distributed on the circumference and is used for uniformly spraying the chilling medium into the high-temperature crude synthesis gas and chilling the synthesis gas to be in a specific temperature range; the gas flow channel is a water cooled-wall or a fire-resistant and wear-resistant liner or the combination of the water-cooled wall and the fire-resistant and wear-resistant liner; and the gas flow channel has a cylindrical structure or a conical structure or the combination of the cylindrical structure and the conical structure. The chilling device has the advantages of high chilling efficiency, large gas-liquid contact area, high chilling rate, small dosage of the chilling medium, mature manufacturing technology, high reliability and capability of reducing the consumption and the discharge of cleaning black water, and relates to an environmentally-friendly and-energy saving technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chilling device, especially relate to a kind of being used for the high temperature crude synthesis gas of vapourizing furnace reaction chamber outlet and slag Quench high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device to specific temperature range.
Background technology
The coal gasification reaction of airflow bed gasification furnace carries out under 1200-1700 ℃ high temperature usually, the high temperature crude synthesis gas that reaction generates need be cooled to specific temperature, just can enter follow-up equipment and carry out dedusting, recovery of heat, production operations such as washing, dissimilar vapourizing furnaces are according to arts demand, the type of cooling difference of high temperature crude synthesis gas, cooling apparatus varies especially, representative GE coal slurry gasifier adopts be chilling ring with water-bath with high temperature crude synthesis gas Quench to saturated mode, it is temperature required that the Quench pipe of the crude synthesis gas that the Shell powder coal gasification furnace then adopts loop compression by the arrangement radially of vaporizer outlet periphery is cooled to technology with the high temperature crude synthesis gas.The applicant has proposed a kind of preparation and heat recovery method of synthetic gas at patent CN200710175473.5, need in the described method high-temperature synthesis gas and the slag drop Quench of carrying thereof to the required temperature range of technology, the applicant is at patent CN200910047706, CN201020567950, CN201020607955, put forward a kind of new coal gasification apparatus among the CN201020607531, be used for realizing the described method producing synthesis gas from coal of patent CN200710175473.5, partial-chilled and this several steps of first step heat recuperation of synthetic gas, in aforesaid five patents, all need high temperature crude synthesis gas and the slag drop Quench of carrying thereof to specific temperature range, if adopt the chilling ring structure of GE, the Quench water yield is few, the high temperature crude synthesis gas burns chilling ring and downtake easily, if adopt the Quench tubular construction of Shell, required Quench is large-minded, the synthetic gas power consumption of circulation and compression is big, chill effect is bad, in order to overcome the deficiency of existing synthetic gas chilling device, the invention provides a kind of with the chilling device of high temperature rough gas Quench to specific range of temperatures, can be quick, efficiently, evenly with high-temperature synthesis gas and the slag drop Quench of carrying thereof temperature range to technique initialization.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of simple in structure, Quench efficient height for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence, and the shock chilling medium consumption is few, and Quench speed is fast, the high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device of synthetic gas uniformity of temperature profile after the Quench.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of chilling device of high temperature crude synthesis gas, include the gas flow channel of chiller and the atomizing nozzle that the gas flow channel sidewall is installed, gas flow channel is used to connect the reaction chamber and the cooling room of vapourizing furnace and provides shock chilling medium and the mixing space of high temperature crude synthesis gas; Atomizing nozzle is single channel pressure nozzle or double flow duct gas-liquid two-phase nozzle, be evenly distributed on the sidewall of gas flow channel, atomizer be used for shock chilling medium evenly spray into the high temperature crude synthesis gas with high temperature crude synthesis gas Quench to specific temperature range; Gas flow channel is that water wall or refractory liner or the array configuration of the two constitute, gas flow channel be shaped as round shape or conical or the array configuration of the two.
Described atomizing nozzle quantity is 2-100, be divided into the 1-20 layer, evenly arrange according to circumference for every layer, can stagger 0-90 ° between layer and the layer, every layer of atomizing nozzle all is provided with a water inlet manifold, atomizing nozzle is installed on the water inlet manifold, and the angle of atomizing nozzle axis and gas flow channel axis is 0-90 °.
The atomizing angle of described atomizing nozzle is at 5-150 °, and jet length is at 0.05-2m, and the spread pattern of atomizing nozzle is optimized combination according to the size of atomizing angle and jet length, reduces the size of dead angle and interference region.
Described atomizing nozzle is single passage pressure nozzle or twin-channel gas-liquid two-phase nozzle, employing single passage pressure nozzle then nozzle directly sprays into shock chilling medium water or water vapour or low temperature synthetic gas or other rare gas elementes, an employing two channels gas-liquid two-phase nozzle then passage is the liquid phase runner, another passage is the gas phase runner, liquid phase is a water, and gas phase can be water vapour, synthetic gas and other rare gas element.
The water wall of described gas flow channel can adopt spiral pipe, water jacket, vertical bundle pipes or three's array configuration, water wall is provided with water-in and water outlet steam ports, water wall is provided with pin near the high-temperature synthesis gas side, pin density is 50-10000/square metre, be used for fixing fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining and dross, prevent the ablation of high temperature water wall.
Described spiral pipe can adopt 2-20 root steel pipe coiling to make, and seal welding links to each other between tube and tube, every steel pipe all with water inlet manifold with go out the steam house steward and link to each other, and be provided with flow distributor in the ingress of steel pipe, guarantee that every water pipe flooding quantity is even.
Described water jacket is the housing that there is sealing in inside and outside both sides, and the centre is water-filled annular space, and the water jacket upper and lower ends sets out steam mouth and water-in.
Described vertical bundle pipes can adopt vertical steel pipe sealing to be welded into regular polygon or circle, can add fin according to the welding needs between pipe, every steel pipe all with water inlet manifold with go out the steam house steward and link to each other, and the ingress at steel pipe is provided with flow distributor, guarantees that every water pipe flooding quantity is even.
Compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of to utilize shock chilling medium with the high temperature crude synthesis gas of vapourizing furnace reaction chamber outlet and the slag drop Quench of carrying chilling facility to specific range of temperatures, to solve the problems that prior art exists, the present invention adopts the atomizing nozzle of optimizing after arranging that the shock chilling medium uniform atomizing is sprayed in the high temperature crude synthesis gas, increase the contact area of gas-liquid-solid three-phase, moment is with high-temperature synthesis gas and slag drop Quench thereof the temperature range to technique initialization, shock chilling medium comprises water, steam, crude synthesis gas, the mixture of rare gas element and combination thereof, the technical program has simple in structure, Quench efficient height, the shock chilling medium consumption is few, Quench speed is fast, advantage such as synthetic gas uniformity of temperature profile after the Quench.Atomizer by preferred arrangement evenly sprays into shock chilling medium water in the high temperature crude synthesis gas, dwindle the particle diameter of water droplets, increase the contact area of gas-liquid two-phase, because there is great heat transfer temperature difference (mean temperature difference is more than 1000 ℃) in gas-liquid two-phase, atomized water is finished vaporescence in moment, absorb a large amount of heats, high-temperature synthesis gas and the slag drop that carries thereof will evenly be cooled down rapidly, the high-temperature synthesis gas Quench mode of required residence time of process of cooling than other types significantly shortens, help reducing the volume of chilling facility, reduce equipment cost, be difficult for behind the slag surface cure improving the working conditions of heat-exchange equipment in useless pot surface adhesion; Adopt water as shock chilling medium, the enthalpy of vaporization of water is higher, and high-temperature synthesis gas is cooled to identical temperature, and the shock chilling medium consumption is less, and Quench efficient height can reduce the consumption and the quantity discharged in washing Heisui River; Adopt the gas passage of water wall as high-temperature synthesis gas, technology maturation, existing industrial applications precedent can realize the purpose with the anti-slag of slag, prolongs the work-ing life of chilling facility, guarantees the equipment for gasification long-term operation, is the technology of environmental protection and energy saving.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional structure chart of the present invention among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the arrangement synoptic diagram of the atomizing nozzle of individual layer among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of single passage pressure nozzle;
Fig. 4 is a two channels gas-liquid two-phase nozzle arrangements synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of spiral pipe;
Fig. 6 is the local structure synoptic diagram of vertical bundle pipes;
Fig. 7 is the plan structure synoptic diagram of vertical bundle pipes;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of water jacket;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of fin.
Among the figure, 1 is that chiller, 2 is that gas flow channel, 3 is that atomizing nozzle, 4 is that reaction chamber, 5 is that cooling room, 6 is that water wall, 7 is that fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining, 8 is that chilled water water inlet manifold, 9 is that single passage pressure nozzle, 10 is that two channels gas-liquid two-phase nozzle, 11 is that spiral pipe, 12 is that water jacket, 13 is that vertical bundle pipes, 14 is that water-in, 15 is that water outlet steam ports, 16 is that pin, 17 is that water inlet manifold, 18 is that flow distributor, 20 is a fin for going out steam house steward, 19.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of chiller 1 of high temperature crude synthesis gas, comprise the gas flow channel 2 of chiller 1 and the atomizing nozzle of installing at gas flow channel 2 sidewalls 3, gas flow channel 2 is used to connect the reaction chamber 4 and the cooling room 5 of vapourizing furnace and provide shock chilling medium and the mixing space of high temperature crude synthesis gas; Atomizing nozzle 3 can be single channel pressure nozzle 9 or two channels gas-liquid two-phase nozzle 10, the structure of single channel pressure nozzle 9 or two channels gas-liquid two-phase nozzle 10 respectively as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, what use in the present embodiment is single channel pressure nozzle 9, be evenly distributed on the sidewall of gas flow channel 2, gas flow channel 2 can for water wall 6 or fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining 7 or the array configuration of the two constitutes, be shaped as round shape or conical or the array configuration of the two, the structure of gas flow channel 2 as shown in Figure 2 in the present embodiment.Can stagger 0-90 ° between the layer of atomizing nozzle 3 and the layer, every layer of atomizing nozzle all is provided with a water inlet manifold, atomizing nozzle is installed on the water inlet manifold, the angle of atomizing nozzle axis and gas flow channel axis is 0-90 °, atomizing nozzle 3 quantity are 20 in the present embodiment, be divided into 2 layers, every layer of atomizing nozzle 3 evenly arranged according to circumference, stagger 18 ° between layer and the layer, every layer of atomizing nozzle 3 all is provided with a chilled water water inlet manifold 8, atomizing nozzle 3 is installed on the chilled water water inlet manifold 8, the angle of atomizing nozzle 3 axis and gas flow channel 2 axis is 60 °, the atomizing angle of atomizing nozzle 3 is 45 °, and jet length is at 0.5-1m, and the atomizing angle of atomizing nozzle 3 is at 5-150 °, jet length is at 0.05-2m, its spread pattern is optimized combination according to the size of atomizing angle and jet length, reduces the size of dead angle and interference region, atomizing nozzle 3 be used for shock chilling medium evenly spray into the high temperature crude synthesis gas with high temperature crude synthesis gas Quench to specific temperature range; Gas flow channel 2 is made of water wall 6 and fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining 7, water wall 6 can adopt spiral pipe 11, water jacket 12, vertical bundle pipes 13 or three's array configuration, the structure of spiral pipe 11 as shown in Figure 5, the structure of water jacket 12 as shown in Figure 8, vertically the structure of bundle pipes 13 is shown in Fig. 6～7, between the pipe of vertical bundle pipes 13, can add fin 20, as shown in Figure 9 according to the welding needs.Water wall 6 in the present embodiment adopts spiral pipe 11, the steel pipe of 6 DN25 of employing is coiled into the upper end and is round shape, the lower end is conical, seal welding links to each other between tube and tube, every steel pipe all with water inlet manifold 17 with go out steam house steward 18 and link to each other, water wall goes out on advancing for 6 times, and is provided with flow distributor 19 in the ingress of steel pipe, guarantees that every water pipe flooding quantity is even.Water wall is provided with pin 16 near the high-temperature synthesis gas side, the density of pin 16 is to be 50-10000/square meter, the density of pin 16 is 1000/square meter in the present embodiment, the fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining 7 that is used for fixing one deck 50mm, its material is SiC, when producing, be used for dross, prevent the ablation of high temperature water wall.
Atomizing nozzle 3 among the embodiment 1 adopts two channels gas-liquid two-phase nozzle 10, chilled water water inlet manifold 8 increases gas phase channel, gas phase channel is walked compressed synthesis gas, gas-liquid two-phase nozzle 10 center flow channels are walked compressed synthesis gas, annular space is a chilled water, with the chilled water shearing-crushing, atomizing sprays in the gas flow channel 2 by high velocity air, and all the other structures are identical with embodiment 1.
A kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device, this chilling device is provided with gas flow channel, atomizing nozzle in the installation of gas flow channel sidewall, gas flow channel is used to connect the reaction chamber and the cooling room of vapourizing furnace and provides shock chilling medium and the mixing space of high temperature crude synthesis gas, atomizing nozzle is a double flow duct gas-liquid two-phase nozzle, and a passage is the liquid phase runner, and another passage is the gas phase runner, liquid phase is a water, and gas phase can be water vapour, synthetic gas or rare gas element.Atomizing nozzle is evenly distributed on the sidewall of gas flow channel, be used for shock chilling medium evenly spray into the high temperature crude synthesis gas with high temperature crude synthesis gas Quench to specific temperature range, gas flow channel is made of the array configuration of water wall and fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining, gas flow channel be shaped as round shape and conical array configuration.
The atomizing nozzle that uses has 100, be divided into 20 layers of setting, evenly arrange according to circumference for every layer, stagger 0-90 ° between layer and the layer, every layer of atomizing nozzle all is provided with a chilled water water inlet manifold, atomizing nozzle is installed on the chilled water water inlet manifold, and the angle of atomizing nozzle axis and gas flow channel axis is 0-90 °.The atomizing angle of atomizing nozzle is at 5-150 °, and jet length is at 0.05-2m, and the spread pattern of this atomizing nozzle makes up according to the size of atomizing angle and jet length, reduces the size of dead angle and interference region.
Water wall adopts spiral pipe, water jacket, vertical bundle pipes three's array configuration, water wall is provided with water-in and water outlet steam ports, water wall is provided with pin near the high-temperature synthesis gas side, pin density is 10000/square metre, be used for fixing fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining and dross, prevent the ablation of high temperature water wall.Spiral pipe adopts 20 steel pipes coilings to make, and seal welding links to each other between tube and tube, every steel pipe all with water inlet manifold with go out the steam house steward and link to each other, and be provided with flow distributor in the ingress of steel pipe, guarantee that every water pipe flooding quantity is even.Water jacket is the housing that there is sealing in inside and outside both sides, and the centre is water-filled annular space, and the water jacket upper and lower ends sets out steam mouth and water-in.Vertically bundle pipes adopts vertical steel pipe sealing to be welded into regular polygon or circle, can add fin according to the welding needs between pipe, every steel pipe all with water inlet manifold with go out the steam house steward and link to each other, and be provided with flow distributor in the ingress of steel pipe, guarantee that every water pipe flooding quantity is even.
Detailed description in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and embodiment can be understood the object of the invention and feature better, but not as restriction foundation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device, it is characterized in that, this chilling device comprises the gas flow channel (2) of chiller (1) and the atomizing nozzle of installing at gas flow channel (2) sidewall (3), gas flow channel (2) is used to connect the reaction chamber (4) and the cooling room (5) of vapourizing furnace and provides shock chilling medium and the mixing space of high temperature crude synthesis gas, atomizing nozzle (3) is single channel pressure nozzle (9) or double flow duct gas-liquid two-phase nozzle (10), be evenly distributed on the sidewall of gas flow channel (2), atomizing nozzle (3) be used for shock chilling medium evenly spray into the high temperature crude synthesis gas with high temperature crude synthesis gas Quench to specific temperature range, gas flow channel (2) is that water wall (6) or fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining (7) or the array configuration of the two constitute, gas flow channel (2) be shaped as round shape or conical or the array configuration of the two.
2. a kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described atomizing nozzle (3) quantity is 2-100, be divided into the 1-20 layer, evenly arrange according to circumference for every layer, layer with layer between stagger 0-90 °, every layer of atomizing nozzle (3) all is provided with a chilled water water inlet manifold (8), atomizing nozzle (3) is installed on the chilled water water inlet manifold (8), and the angle of atomizing nozzle (3) axis and gas flow channel (2) axis is 0-90 °.
3. a kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the atomizing angle of described atomizing nozzle (3) is at 5-150 °, jet length is at 0.05-2m, the spread pattern of atomizing nozzle (3) makes up according to the size of atomizing angle and jet length, reduces the size of dead angle and interference region.
4. a kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described atomizing nozzle (3) is single passage pressure nozzle (9) or twin-channel gas-liquid two-phase nozzle (10), employing single passage pressure nozzle (9) then nozzle directly sprays into shock chilling medium water or water vapour or low temperature synthetic gas or other rare gas elementes, employing two channels gas-liquid two-phase nozzle (a 10) then passage is the liquid phase runner, another passage is the gas phase runner, described liquid phase is a water, and described gas phase can be water vapour, synthetic gas or rare gas element.
5. a kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water wall (6) can adopt spiral pipe (11), water jacket (12), vertical bundle pipes (13) or three's array configuration, water wall (6) is provided with water-in (14) and water outlet steam ports (15), water wall is provided with pin (16) near the high-temperature synthesis gas side, pin (16) density is 50-10000/square metre, be used for fixing fire-resistant abrasion-proof lining (7) and dross, prevent the ablation of high temperature water wall.
6. a kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described spiral pipe (11) adopts the coiling of 2-20 root steel pipe to make, seal welding links to each other between tube and tube, every steel pipe all with water inlet manifold (17) with go out steam house steward (18) and link to each other, and be provided with flow distributor (19) in the ingress of steel pipe, guarantee that every water pipe flooding quantity is even.
7. a kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described water jacket (12) is the housing that there is sealing in inside and outside both sides, and the centre is water-filled annular space, and the water jacket upper and lower ends sets out steam mouth (15) and water-in (14).
8. a kind of high temperature crude synthesis gas chilling device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described vertical bundle pipes (13) adopts vertical steel pipe sealing to be welded into regular polygon or circle, can add fin (20) according to the welding needs between pipe, every steel pipe all with water inlet manifold (17) with go out steam house steward (18) and link to each other, and be provided with flow distributor (19) in the ingress of steel pipe, guarantee that every water pipe flooding quantity is even.
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| CN102399590A (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2012-04-04 | 湖北双环科技股份有限公司 | Rich oxygen gasification production method |
| CN102965155A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Liquid slag solid discharging structure of downward entrained-flow bed gasifier |
| CN102965156A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Molten slag rotational flow solidification discharging structure of downward coal entrained-flow bed gasifier |
| CN103113926A (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2013-05-22 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | High-temperature synthetic gas graded chilling device and method |
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| CN102965155A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Liquid slag solid discharging structure of downward entrained-flow bed gasifier |
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| CN103484168A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-01-01 | 华东理工大学 | Split combined type high-temperature gas washing cooling device |
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| CN105400550B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-10-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Prevent the device of slag tap gasifier slag screen dross |
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| CN111349462A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-06-30 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Entrained-flow bed gasification system and method for coal water slurry |
| CN111349463A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-06-30 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Entrained-flow bed gasification system and method for dry pulverized coal |
| CN111349462B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-03-23 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Entrained-flow bed gasification system and method for coal water slurry |
| CN111349463B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-03-23 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Entrained-flow bed gasification system and method for dry pulverized coal |
| CN111349464B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-03-23 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Entrained-flow bed gasification system and method for dry pulverized coal |
| CN114891539A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-12 | 张金辉 | Coal gasification equipment |
| CN114891539B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-01-24 | 张金辉 | Coal gasification equipment |
| CN115253921A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-11-01 | 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 | Circulation system for protecting high-temperature pipeline shock cooling washing solidification |
| WO2024017148A1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasifier |
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