CN108102719B - Gasification furnace capable of preventing slag formation and efficiently recycling heat energy - Google Patents
Gasification furnace capable of preventing slag formation and efficiently recycling heat energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108102719B CN108102719B CN201810001028.5A CN201810001028A CN108102719B CN 108102719 B CN108102719 B CN 108102719B CN 201810001028 A CN201810001028 A CN 201810001028A CN 108102719 B CN108102719 B CN 108102719B
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a gasification furnace capable of preventing slag formation and efficiently recycling heat energy, which comprises a reaction chamber, a waste boiler cooling chamber and a chilling chamber, wherein the waste boiler cooling chamber is positioned below the reaction chamber; the waste boiler cooling chamber comprises a radiation waste boiler, wherein the radiation waste boiler is provided with a cylindrical radiation waste boiler and a conical radiation waste boiler connected to the bottom of the cylindrical radiation waste boiler, and a longitudinal channel for recovering heat of raw gas and ash slag is formed; the chilling chamber is positioned at the lower part of the radiation waste boiler and comprises a chilling ring, a down pipe, a slag bath and a foam breaking plate. The gasification furnace can efficiently recycle heat generated by gasification, can ensure the ash content to be at a lower level, and can prevent the problems that the radiant waste pot is easy to be blocked and corroded by ash slag during operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal chemical industry, and particularly relates to a gasification furnace capable of preventing slag bonding and efficiently recycling heat energy.
Background
The existing mature large-scale coal gasification technology in foreign countries mainly comprises a Texaco coal water slurry pressurized gasification technology, a SHELL dry coal powder gasification technology and a GSP dry coal powder pressurized gasification technology; the domestic large-scale coal gasification technology mainly comprises a multi-nozzle opposite type coal water slurry pressurized gasification technology, a Shenhuaining coal furnace dry coal powder pressurized gasification technology and a aerospace dry coal powder pressurized gasification technology. Except for the SHELL waste boiler process gasification technology and the global unique set of Texaco furnace full waste boiler process gasification technology, other entrained flow gasification technologies are chilling process gasification technologies. Compared with the waste boiler process, the chilling process has low gasification heat energy utilization and serious water resource waste. Compared with the gasification technology of the waste boiler flow, the gasification heat energy utilization rate is high, and medium and high pressure steam can be generated for an advanced coal gasification combined cycle power generation system.
The SHELL gasification furnace used in the industry is a slag-gas split gasification furnace, a gasification burner is positioned at the middle upper part of the gasification furnace, after the synthesis gas with the temperature of 1400-1600 ℃ is led out from the top of the gasification chamber, part of the synthesis gas after the subsequent purification and cooling is adopted to chill the synthesis gas to about 900 ℃, and then the synthesis gas enters a waste boiler to recover heat; and the high-temperature slag with the temperature of 1400-1600 ℃ after gasification is directly led into a slag bath pool from the bottom of the gasification chamber for chilling. The technology has the advantages of complex equipment structure and high investment cost, and the heat energy of the waste boiler and the high-temperature slag is not fully utilized because the synthetic gas is chilled, so that a large amount of high-grade heat energy is poor in recovery rate. The Texaco coal water slurry pressurized gasification technology of the full waste boiler process is adopted, the heat energy utilization rate is high, but the coal water slurry is used as gasification raw material, so that the problems of poor coal quality adaptability, low effective gas content and the like exist.
Meanwhile, in practice, the problems that the waste boiler in the gasification furnace of the waste boiler flow is easy to be blocked and corroded by ash slag are found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide the gasifier which can prevent slag bonding and efficiently recycle heat energy, so as to solve the problems of low heat utilization rate, high dust content of raw gas of the gasifier, easy slag bonding and blockage of a radiation waste boiler and the like of the existing gasifier after pulverized coal combustion.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the gasifier comprises a reaction chamber, a waste boiler cooling chamber and a chilling chamber, wherein the waste boiler cooling chamber is positioned below the reaction chamber, and the chilling chamber is positioned below the waste boiler cooling chamber, and is used for gasifying coal to obtain raw gas and ash; the waste boiler cooling chamber comprises a radiation waste boiler, wherein the radiation waste boiler is provided with a cylindrical radiation waste boiler and a conical radiation waste boiler connected to the bottom of the cylindrical radiation waste boiler, a longitudinal channel for recovering heat of raw gas and ash slag is formed, the cylindrical radiation waste boiler is connected with the bottom of the reaction chamber, and a slag gas conduit is arranged at the bottom of the conical radiation waste boiler; the quenching chamber is positioned at the lower part of the radiation waste boiler and comprises a quenching ring, a descending pipe and a slag bath pool for collecting ash and quenching water sprayed by the quenching ring, the upper end of the descending pipe is connected with the lower end of the slag gas conduit, the lower end of the descending pipe stretches into the slag bath pool, the quenching ring is positioned at the joint of the slag gas conduit and the descending pipe, and a plurality of layers of foam breaking plates are arranged between the descending pipe and the side wall of the quenching chamber.
Preferably, the side wall of the conical radiant waste pot of the radiant waste pot makes an axial angle of 20 ° to 60 °, preferably 30 ° to 50 °, for example 45 °, with the radiant waste pot, the height ratio of the cylindrical radiant waste pot to the conical radiant waste pot being 2 to 10, for example 4.
The waste boiler cooling chamber is added on the basis of the existing chilling flow, so that heat generated by gasification is fully recovered, and saturated steam is generated and can be used for power generation.
Since the flow rate of the raw gas and ash formed in the gasification chamber becomes gradually smaller in the flow process from top to bottom, the flow is unstable, and the ash in a molten state is continuously impacted against the inner wall of the radiant waste boiler due to the disturbance of the air flow, so that a great amount of dust is deposited on the inner wall, the heat exchange effect is deteriorated, and the waste boiler is blocked.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the radiation waste boiler in the waste boiler cooling chamber comprises a cylindrical radiation waste boiler and a conical radiation waste boiler, the arrangement causes the diameters of the channels of the raw gas and the ash slag to be gradually reduced, a tapered airflow channel is formed, so that the flow rate of the raw gas and the ash slag formed in the gasification chamber is kept stable in the flow process from top to bottom, a large amount of disturbance is not formed, and the problem that the radiation waste boiler is easy to be blocked by slag bonding is solved. The radiation waste boiler for preventing slag formation has the advantages of simple design and low cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
Preferably, the waste boiler cooling chamber further comprises a spray head, wherein the spray head is positioned in the middle of the conical radiation waste boiler of the radiation waste boiler and distributed along the circumferential direction, and is used for spraying and washing the raw gas and ash after heat recovery. According to the characteristics of different coal raw materials, the spray head can further wash and chill the raw gas subjected to heat exchange by the waste boiler by adjusting the water spraying amount, so that the ash content in the raw gas in the subsequent process is reduced.
Preferably, a plurality of groups of vibrators are arranged outside the waste boiler cooling chamber from top to bottom and used for vibrating ash slag deposited on the radiation waste boiler. After a long run of the gasifier, the radiant waste vessel may be rapped to remove ash from the inner wall of the radiant waste vessel using a vibrator, such as a mechanical vibrator as is common in the art.
Preferably, a slag protection screen is arranged between the bottom of the reaction chamber and the cylindrical radiation waste boiler of the radiation waste boiler, the slag protection screen is coiled into a cylinder shape by a water pipe, and a high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer, such as SiC refractory material, is arranged on the inner surface of the slag protection screen.
Preferably, expansion joints are respectively arranged at the bottom of the slag protection screen and the bottom of the slag gas guide pipe, so that equipment damage caused by mutual extrusion due to temperature differences of different areas can be prevented when the gasification furnace is started, and gas and ash in the waste boiler can be prevented from overflowing out of the waste boiler.
Preferably, the cylindrical radiant waste pot and the conical radiant waste pot of the radiant waste pot are respectively provided with a cylindrical water-cooled wall and a conical water-cooled wall.
Preferably, a radial water-cooling wall is further arranged in the cylindrical radiation waste boiler, the radial water-cooling wall is formed by arranging a plurality of groups of water pipes along the radial direction of the cylindrical radiation waste boiler, and each group of water pipes is formed by 3-10 water pipes. Preferably, the lower part of the radial water-cooling wall is provided with a water separator, so that the water entering the radial water-cooling wall firstly enters the water separator and then is distributed to the water pipes entering the radial water-cooling wall through the water separator, and the upper part of the radial water-cooling wall is also provided with a steam-water collector.
Preferably, the reaction chamber is provided as a water cooled wall to fully utilize heat during the reaction and prevent the reaction chamber from overheating and causing damage to the equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the gasification furnace for preventing slag bonding and efficiently recycling heat energy has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The waste boiler cooling chamber is adopted, so that the heat generated by coal gasification can be fully utilized, and the problem of low heat utilization rate of the existing gasification furnace after coal dust combustion is solved;
(2) Through the combination of the cylindrical radiation waste pot and the conical radiation waste pot, the flow speed of the crude gas is stable when flowing from top to bottom, and the problem that the waste pot is easy to slag in the waste pot flow is solved.
(3) The ash content in the raw gas can be better reduced through the combination of the radiation waste boiler, the spray head and the chilling chamber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical radiant waste kettle in a radiant waste kettle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an expansion joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The gasification furnace for preventing slag bonding and efficiently recovering heat energy provided by the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the gasifier for preventing slag formation and efficiently recovering heat energy comprises a reaction chamber 1, a waste boiler cooling chamber 2 positioned below the reaction chamber 1 and a chilling chamber 3 positioned below the waste boiler cooling chamber 2.
The top of the reaction chamber 1 is connected with a gasification burner (not shown), and the gasification burner further comprises a reaction chamber shell 101, a reaction chamber water-cooling wall water outlet 102, a reaction chamber water-cooling wall 103, a reaction chamber manhole 104, a reaction chamber water-cooling wall water inlet 105 and a reaction chamber slag discharge port 106.
The waste pan cooling chamber 2 comprises a slag protection screen 201, a waste pan cooling chamber housing 202, a cylindrical radiation waste pan 203, a conical radiation waste pan 204, a spray head 205, a slag gas conduit 206, a waste pan cooling chamber manhole 207, a waste pan water outlet 208, a waste pan water inlet 209, a vibrator 210, a slag protection screen water inlet 211, and a slag protection screen water outlet 212. Wherein, the conical radiant waste pot 204 is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical radiant waste pot 203, forming a longitudinal channel for recovering the heat of the raw gas and ash, and the cylindrical radiant waste pot 203 and the conical radiant waste pot 204 are arranged as water cooled walls.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the upper end of the conical radiant waste pot 204 is larger than the diameter of the lower end, and the height ratio of the cylindrical radiant waste pot 203 and the conical radiant waste pot 204 is 2 to 10:1, in a preferred embodiment the height ratio of the cylindrical radiant waste boiler 203 and the conical radiant waste boiler 204 is 4:1, and the side wall of the conical radiant waste boiler 204 is at an angle α of 20 ° to 60 ° to the radiant waste boiler axis, and in a preferred embodiment the side wall of the conical radiant waste boiler 204 is at an angle α of 45 ° to the radiant waste boiler axis. The design ensures that the internal space of the waste boiler cooling chamber 2 forms a tapered airflow channel, ensures that the flow velocity of the raw gas and ash slag formed in the gasification chamber 1 is kept stable in the flow process from top to bottom, does not form severe disturbance, avoids the contact of a great amount of molten ash slag in the raw gas with the inner wall of the radiation waste boiler, and solves the problem that the radiation waste boiler is easy to slag and block. The radiation waste boiler for preventing slag formation has the advantages of simple design and low cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
In addition, in order to further prevent slagging, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of vibrators, such as mechanical vibrators well known in the art, may be uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the radiant waste kettle.
A spray head 205 is also included at the middle of the conical radiant waste pan 204 for spraying and scrubbing the heat exchanged raw gas, according to one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to further enhance the heat exchange effect, a radial water wall 213 may also be provided in the cylindrical radiant waste boiler 203. The radial water-cooled wall 213 is composed of a plurality of sets of water pipes arranged radially along the cylindrical radiant waste pan 203, each set of water pipes being composed of 5 water pipes. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the radial water wall 213 is provided with a water separator for allowing the inflow water of the radial water wall 213 to enter the water separator before being distributed into the water pipes of the radial water wall via the water separator, and the upper part of the radial water wall is further provided with a steam-water collector.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a slag protecting screen 201, which is coiled in a cylindrical shape by a water pipe, is provided between the bottom of the reaction chamber 1 and the top of the cylindrical radiant waste pot 203, and a high temperature resistant layer, such as a refractory material composed of SiC, is provided on the inner surface of the slag protecting screen 201.
The chilling chamber 3 is positioned at the lower part of the waste pan cooling chamber 2 and comprises a raw gas outlet 301, a chilling chamber side wall 302, a down pipe 303, a foam breaking plate 304, a slag bath 305, a circulating water inlet 306, a slag outlet 307, a chilling ring water inlet 308, a grey water outlet 309 and a chilling ring 310. Wherein the upper end of the down pipe 303 is connected with the lower end of the slag gas conduit 206, the lower end of the down pipe 303 extends into the slag bath 305, the chilling ring 310 is positioned at the joint of the slag gas conduit 206 and the down pipe 303, and the bubble breaking plate 304 is positioned between the chilling chamber side wall 302 and the down pipe 303.
In order to improve the service life of the gasification furnace, an expansion joint 4 may be installed at the bottom of the slag protecting shield 201 and the bottom of the slag gas duct 206 of the waste boiler cooling chamber 2. The expansion joint 4 is a compensator having a structure in which, as shown in fig. 3, a metal plate 401 is welded in a circumferential vertical direction to the lower portions of the slag guard 201 and the slag gas duct 206, a metal plate 402 is welded above the metal plate 401 in the same manner, a metal plate 403 is welded below the metal plate 402 in a direction close to the end of the housing, a metal plate 404 is welded above the metal plate 401 in a direction close to the end of the housing, and the metal plate 403 and the metal plate 404 are connected by a spring 407. The metal plate 403 is provided with a hand hole 406 and a flange. Inside the metal plate 403 and the metal plate 404, a baffle 405 is provided, and an upper end of the baffle 405 is higher than a lower end of the metal plate 403 but lower than the metal plate 402. The lower end of the baffle 405 is lower than the upper end of the metal plate 404, but higher than the metal plate 401. The cavities around the slag protecting panel 201 and the slag gas duct 206, the metal plate 401, the metal plate 402, the metal plate 403, the metal plate 404 and the baffle 405 are filled with a high temperature resistant sealing material such as heat insulation cotton. In this way, during the operation of the gasifier, especially during the start-up, the temperature gradually rises from top to bottom during the flow of raw gas and ash, the slag protecting screen 201 and the slag gas conduit 206 are extruded under the action of expansion and contraction, and the extrusion force is transmitted to the spring 407 through the metal plates 401, 402, 403 and 404 under the action of the expansion joint 4, so as to form a buffer effect, thereby avoiding the extrusion of the slag protecting screen 201 and the slag gas conduit 206 and further prolonging the service life of the gasifier.
The gasification furnace capable of preventing slag bonding and efficiently recycling heat energy has the following working processes:
in the gasification chamber 1, coal gasification is carried out to obtain crude gas and ash;
raw gas and ash enter the waste pan cooling chamber 2 via the reaction chamber exhaust port 106. In the waste boiler cooling chamber 2, the slag protecting screen 201 effectively protects the inlet of the waste boiler cooling chamber 2 from being corroded by high-temperature crude gas and ash, and the expansion joint 4 arranged at the bottom of the slag protecting screen 201 can effectively buffer the extrusion of the connection of the reaction chamber 1 and the waste boiler cooling chamber 2 caused by temperature difference.
The cylindrical radiant waste pot 203 and the conical radiant waste pot 204 of the waste pot cooling chamber 2 and the radial water cooling wall 213 can fully recover the heat generated by coal gasification, and saturated steam is generated for power generation and the like. The internal space of the waste boiler cooling chamber 2 of the invention forms a tapered airflow channel, and the flow speed of the raw gas and ash slag formed in the gasification chamber 1 is kept stable in the flow process from top to bottom, so that no severe disturbance is formed;
the heat-exchanged raw gas is sprayed and washed by a spray head 205, so that the ash content in the raw gas is further reduced;
the vibrator 4 is operated intermittently, for example, one rapping is performed for the first two days of the operation of the gasifier, two rapping is performed for the second day of the operation of the gasifier, and the rapping frequency and time are adjusted according to the kind of gasified coal and the pressure difference of the raw gas generated before and after the gasifier.
After heat recovery via the waste pan cooling chamber 2, the raw gas and ash enter the quench chamber 3 through the slag gas conduit 206 of the waste pan cooling chamber 2. The expansion joint 4 arranged at the bottom of the slag gas conduit 206 can effectively buffer the extrusion of the junction of the waste boiler cooling chamber 2 and the chilling chamber 3 caused by temperature difference;
the crude gas and ash slag entering the chilling chamber 3 are chilled by the chilling ring 310, enter the slag bath through the down pipe 303, are discharged through the slag hole 307 after being further cooled and washed, and enter the subsequent process through the crude gas outlet 301 after being broken by the bubble breaking plate 304.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a prevent gasifier of slagging-off and high-efficient recovery of heat energy, its includes the reaction chamber, is located useless pot cooling chamber of reaction chamber below and be located the quench chamber of useless pot cooling chamber below, its characterized in that:
the reaction chamber is used for gasifying coal to obtain crude gas and ash;
the waste boiler cooling chamber comprises a radiation waste boiler, wherein the radiation waste boiler is provided with a cylindrical radiation waste boiler and a conical radiation waste boiler connected to the bottom of the cylindrical radiation waste boiler, a longitudinal channel for recovering heat of raw gas and ash slag is formed, the cylindrical radiation waste boiler is connected with the bottom of the reaction chamber, and a slag gas conduit is arranged at the bottom of the conical radiation waste boiler; an expansion joint is arranged at the bottom of the slag gas conduit; the expansion joint has the following structure: a first metal plate (401) is welded at the lower part of the slag gas guide pipe along the vertical direction of the circumference, a second metal plate (402) is welded above the first metal plate (401) by adopting the same method, a third metal plate (403) is welded at the position, close to the end direction of the shell, below the second metal plate (402), a fourth metal plate (404) is welded at the position, close to the end direction of the shell, above the first metal plate (401), and the third metal plate (403) and the fourth metal plate (404) are connected by adopting a spring (407); a hand hole (406) and a flange are arranged on the third metal plate (403); a baffle plate (405) is arranged on the inner sides of the third metal plate (403) and the fourth metal plate (404), and the upper end of the baffle plate (405) is higher than the lower end of the third metal plate (403) but lower than the second metal plate (402); the lower end of the baffle plate (405) is lower than the upper end of the fourth metal plate (404) but higher than the first metal plate (401); the outside of the slag gas guide pipe, the first metal plate (401), the second metal plate (402), the third metal plate (403), the fourth metal plate (404) and the cavity surrounded by the baffle plate (405) are filled with high-temperature-resistant sealing materials;
the quenching chamber is positioned at the lower part of the radiation waste boiler and comprises a quenching ring, a descending pipe and a slag bath pool for collecting ash and quenching water sprayed by the quenching ring, the upper end of the descending pipe is connected with the lower end of the slag gas conduit, the lower end of the descending pipe stretches into the slag bath pool, the quenching ring is positioned at the joint of the slag gas conduit and the descending pipe, and a plurality of layers of foam breaking plates are arranged between the descending pipe and the side wall of the quenching chamber;
the included angle between the side wall of the conical radiation waste pot and the axial direction of the radiation waste pot is 20-60 degrees, and the height ratio of the cylindrical radiation waste pot to the conical radiation waste pot is 2-10.
2. The gasifier of claim 1 wherein the side wall of the conical radiant waste pan is axially angled from 30 ° to 50 ° from the radiant waste pan.
3. The gasifier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste pan cooling chamber further comprises spray heads, the spray heads are located in the middle of the conical radiant waste pan and distributed along the circumferential direction, and are used for spraying and washing the raw gas and ash after heat recovery.
4. A gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of sets of vibrators are provided from top to bottom outside the radiant waste boiler for vibrating ash deposited on the radiant waste boiler.
5. The gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a slag protection shield is provided between the bottom of the reaction chamber and the top of the cylindrical radiant waste boiler, the slag protection shield being coiled in a cylindrical shape by a water pipe, and a high temperature resistant heat insulating layer being provided on the inner surface of the slag protection shield.
6. The gasification furnace according to claim 5, wherein an expansion joint is provided at the bottom of the slag protection panel.
7. The gasifier of any one of claims 1-6 wherein the cylindrical radiant waste pot and the conical radiant waste pot of the radiant waste pot are provided as a cylindrical water wall and a conical water wall, respectively.
8. The gasifier of claim 7 wherein a radial water wall is also provided in said cylindrical radiant waste pan, said radial water wall being comprised of a plurality of sets of water tubes arranged radially along said cylindrical radiant waste pan, each set of water tubes being comprised of 3-10 water tubes.
9. A gasifier in accordance with claim 8 wherein a water separator is provided at a lower portion of said radial water wall for allowing incoming water from the radial water wall to enter the water separator before being distributed via the water separator into water tubes of said radial water wall, and wherein a steam-water collector is further provided at an upper portion of said radial water wall.
10. A gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the reaction chamber is provided with a water cooled wall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810001028.5A CN108102719B (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2018-01-02 | Gasification furnace capable of preventing slag formation and efficiently recycling heat energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810001028.5A CN108102719B (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2018-01-02 | Gasification furnace capable of preventing slag formation and efficiently recycling heat energy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108102719A CN108102719A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
| CN108102719B true CN108102719B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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| CN201810001028.5A Active CN108102719B (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2018-01-02 | Gasification furnace capable of preventing slag formation and efficiently recycling heat energy |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110684562B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2024-07-09 | 北京航天迈未科技有限公司 | Gasification furnace with radiation heat exchange function and gasification method |
| CN109355104B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2023-09-22 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Waste boiler chilling integrated water-cooled wall gasifier and gasification method |
| CN110194971A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-03 | 陕西德信祥能源科技有限公司 | A kind of coal gasification couples the gasification furnace and gasification process of two-tube screen radiation waste pot |
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