CN102140044A - Microorganism-containing fertilizer produced by mycoderm method and production method of fertilizer - Google Patents
Microorganism-containing fertilizer produced by mycoderm method and production method of fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102140044A CN102140044A CN2010101025258A CN201010102525A CN102140044A CN 102140044 A CN102140044 A CN 102140044A CN 2010101025258 A CN2010101025258 A CN 2010101025258A CN 201010102525 A CN201010102525 A CN 201010102525A CN 102140044 A CN102140044 A CN 102140044A
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Abstract
The invention provides to a microorganism-containing fertilizer produced by a mycoderm method and a production method of the fertilizer. In the prior art, microorganism bactericides, organic matters, chemical fertilizer and the like are mixed according to a preset formula, and the mixture is subjected to granulation, high-temperature drying, screen separation, cooling and the like so as to produce a finished product. In the production method provided by the invention, the fertilizer without bactericides is granulated, dried, screened and cooled; active bacterium powder is coated on the outer surface of the fertilizer particles at the tail end of the production line by using a film technology; and the microbial content of the whole fertilizer when in detection reaches the technical standard of national regulation so that a film fertilizer is formed. The method provided by the invention is used for producing the fertilizer with active bacterium.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of organic fertilizer, mineral manure or compound manure that has active bacterium and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
For production contains the fertilizer or the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of living microorganism, the common practice is: materials such as microbiobacterial agent, organic matter, chemical fertilizer are mixed by default prescription, make finished product through operations such as granulation, high temperature drying, screening, coolings then.The problem of this Production Flow Chart is: in the course of processing, a plurality of operations all can damage microorganism to some extent, cause death, particularly the high temperature drying process often Yin Gaowen cause the microorganism mass mortality, dead quantity is difficult to determine and control, thereby causing the bacterium number between the different batches product to differ greatly, quality product is difficult to keep stable and consistent.
Dead in drying process for reducing microorganism, once above-mentioned process quilt was transform as: it is vibrating bed or ebullated bed formula cryodrying device that the drum-type high-temperature dryers is changed.Ensure bacterium number in the finished product with low temperature drying technology, thereby ensure constant product quality.But the problem of improving back technology is: cryodrying equipment price height such as ebullated bed, and power consumption is big, and equipment capacity is low, thereby has increased facility investment amount and production cost of products.
What use in the traditional biological compound fertilizer production technology is rough microbial inoculum, generally produce with solid fermentation process, the fermentation back is without separating purification process, a large amount of fermented substrates directly enters the finished product, can be regarded as one of microbial inoculum and constitute partly, so unit weight to contain amount of bacteria low, be generally 3～500,000,000/gram, cause in next step fertiliser production process, the microbial inoculum add-on must be very big, just can make the microbe population that product contains reach standard.General consumption is about 100 kilograms, accounts for 10 of raw material total amount.A large amount of so rough microbial inoculums can only add when batching.Can't be wrapped on the particulate limited surface with coating method.Add when batching and just mean the necessary omnidistance experience of microorganism each operation thereafter, comprise the high temperature drying operation, the process loss is inevasible.
On the final product structure, traditional product is a homogeneous: be distributed in the fertiliser granulates to microorganism and chemical fertilizer particle and uniform filling, shown in 1 figure.In particle was manured into soil, behind the chance water, chemical fertilizer particle wherein was dissolved into strong solution, presents very high osmotic pressure, and microorganism is surrounded by fertilizer solution, is subjected to osmotic pressure stress, influences microbial growth, growth, influences the performance of microorganism active.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention proposes a kind of method of producing organic microbial fertilizer or organic-inorganic microbial fertilizer or pure inorganic microbial fertilizer with microorganism coating method, avoided of the injury of high temperature drying operation in process of production to microorganism, make the microorganism of adding avoid the process loss, add-on is consistent with microbial biomass in the finished product, make production process be easy to control, stable and reliable product quality.
The mycoderm method is produced the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism, comprise: will not contain granulation of fertilizer, drying, screening, the cooling of bacterium, adopt coating process at the production line tail end, active bacterium powder is coated in the outside surface of fertiliser granulates, and the bacterium number reaches the fertilizer of filming of the technological standard of national regulation when making overall inspection.
Described mycoderm method is produced the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism, described bacterium powder selects for use liquid fermentation process that sporeformer is made dry bacterial powder as producing bacterial classification, fermentation is after separation and purification, cryodrying, make the bacterium number up to 180-220 hundred million/gram, the active bacterium powder of the exsiccant of fineness more than 60 meters.
Described mycoderm method is produced the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism, and described bacterium powder is a gemma bacterium powder, has the dry powder that still can keep the biological active bacterium that lives, subtilis dry powder with the dry powder form; Described membrane-forming agent is the material that carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin have film-forming properties.
Described mycoderm method is produced the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism, described membrane-forming agent: active dry bacterial powder is 3 kilograms, adds carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin filmogen 20-100 gram, mixes, drop in the stirrer, add water and form for 3 kilograms; Coating process comprises and is coated with membrane process 2 times.
A kind of fertilizer that coats mycoderm; its composition comprises: fertiliser granulates; described fertiliser granulates is organic fertilizer particle or chemically composited fertilizer; outside surface scribbles the rete of active bacterium powder by above method; formation has double-deck; heterogeneous new particle can detect containing of biologically active substance bioactive organic fertilizer or chemically composited fertilizer in the new particle.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention selects for use liquid fermentation process to make dry bacterial powder, fermentation is after a series of technique means such as separation and purification, cryodrying, make the bacterium number up to 20,000,000,000/gram about, fineness reaches coating process requirement, dry bacterial powder.Preparing this bacterium powder reason is that requirement microorganism of the present invention must be able to keep survival in dry powder, after the formation mycoderm is wrapped on the fertiliser granulates surface, also can be on these chemical substance surfaces long-term surviving, therefore, the present invention has selected for use the dry bacterial powder of sporeformer such as subtilis powder as producing bacterial classification.
After the bacteria containing amount of the used bacterium powder of product of the present invention reaches requirement, can guarantee only to use a small amount of bacterium powder to film just can make the microbial biomass of fertilizer product reach standard, the bacterium number is high more, bacterium powder usage quantity is more little, the easy more enforcement of coating process, general requirement bacterium number reaches 180～20,000,000,000/gram, makes to be coated with the effect that mycoderm technology obtains satisfaction.If the too low bacterium powder of bacterium number consumption is excessive in the bacterium powder, will makes difficulty or poor effect will take place when being coated with the mycoderm process implementing.The microbial inoculum above-mentioned, that traditional technology is used can't be used mycoderm method production technique at all.
It is little, the uniform granularity of granularity that the bacterium powder that the present invention uses requires, and generally must reach more than 60 orders, and to guarantee that microorganism is evenly distributed in fertilizer, tack is good.And conventional solid when fermentation for keeping ventilation property, require matrix granule bigger, much more than 1mm, such microbial inoculum can not be used for mycoderm method production technique.The present invention selects higher bacteria containing amount for use and can reduce the consumption of liniment than the dry bacterial powder of small grain size as far as possible, to obtain thin and fine and close mycoderm, if bacterium powder bacteria containing amount is low, or a degree is big, must strengthen consumption, this will cause mycoderm thick or become loose, and mycoderm easily is worn away in the packed and transported process, even shelling.Content of microorganisms too low (as 5,000,000,000/gram) in the bacterium powder, bacterium powder consumption is excessive, will cause the film forming difficulty, even failure.
Because the core starting material microbial inoculum in chemically composited fertile production that contains microorganism is improved and improves from aspects such as production method technical requirements, product form, thereby provide preceding topic for transforming the new processing method of traditional technology creation, laid technical foundation, the chemically composited fertilizer novel process that the mycoderm manufactured contains bio-active substance is implemented.
Key problem in technology of the present invention is: will be coated with membrane technique and combine with microbial technique, and form a kind of new technological method.By the every technical indicator of bacterium powder is controlled, make it reach the technical indicator of making the liniment filler on the one hand, can make and contain the microorganism liniment, make again on the other hand on the fertiliser granulates as long as very thin one deck contains the film of microorganism, its bacteria containing amount can reach the technological standard of national regulation, thereby make traditional blending add bacterium, change into coating method and add bacterium, form a kind of mycoderm method new production process.
The microbial fertilizer that the present invention produces is non-homogeneous bilayer structure, and internal layer is made up of chemical fertilizer particle and filler, and microorganism is wrapped in the particle skin.In this incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, the outer microtube biology migrates in the soil with water behind the chance water, very fast disengaging fertilizer, and particle is met the high osmotic pressure zone that water forms.After microorganism entered in the soil, life condition was suitable, is not subjected to or is subjected to less osmotic pressure stress, grew soon, physically well developed, and biological activity is given full play to.Also to be the compound manure produced of mycoderm method show the strong basic reason of biological activity than the fertilizer field of the traditional method of same recipe for this.
The present invention produces the chemically composited fertilizer technology that contains microorganism, has not only avoided the process problem of death of microorganism in the traditional technology, makes the adding quantum of output stable and controllable of microorganism, has guaranteed constant product quality.Simultaneously, owing to changed the product particle internal structure, the activity of microorganism biological is given full play to, obviously improved.
After original production process is used into mycoderm method technology instead, the blending stage do not add microorganism, thereby avoided microorganism, particularly come to harm during the high temperature drying operation, cause death in experience each manufacturing procedure thereafter in batching.The topmost feature that the mycoderm method is produced is to have avoided fertilizer to process the process loss of microorganism in all multiple operation processes, avoided causing all multifactor of microorganism " that lives enters; dead comes out ", make that input amount is embodied in the quantum of output clearly in the production process, the controllability of production is improved, and the stability of product improves.Utilize bacterium powder of the present invention to make the liniment that contains bacterium, adopt coating process microorganism to be added fertilizer at the production line tail end.Overcome in the traditional technology and added bacterium in the front end batching stage, each operation of microorganism experience whole process, the process loss is serious, loss amount is unpredictable, is difficult to control problem, and mycoderm method production technique has been avoided each manufacturing procedure, the particularly process of high temperature drying operation loss, improved the controllability of bacterium number in the finished product, guaranteed the qualification rate and the quality of stability of product, and made product be more rational non-homogeneous structure by the homogeneous phase structural transformation.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is traditional bacterial manure grain pattern synoptic diagram, and the processed biological bacteria of loss of activity that causes is mixed in the fertilizer;
Accompanying drawing 2 is bacterial manure grain pattern synoptic diagram of the present invention, escape processed, have a surface that active biological bacteria is applied to fertiliser granulates.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
The chemically composited fertilizer that contains microorganism of mycoderm manufactured, with agriculture beneficial microorganism genus bacillus, for example subtilis makes to produce bacterial classification, adopt liquid fermentation process: with traditional technology processes such as fermentation, separation, absorption, cryodryings, make bacteria containing amount height, granularity little have an active dry bacterial powder:
1. add the described membrane-forming agent of membrane-forming agent in dry bacterial powder: for example active dry bacterial powder is 3 kilograms, adds carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol gelatin 50 grams, mixes, and drops in the stirrer, adds 3 kilograms in water, makes the liniment with certain viscosity.Make granular compound fertilizer fertilizer with traditional composite fertilizer's production line through traditional prescription and technologies such as batching, mixing, granulation, drying, screening, coolings, note to dose microbe composition in the blending process at this moment;
2. traditional, there is not composite fertilizer's production line end of film applicator to set up a film applicator; The liniment that makes is added in the film applicator, simultaneously the particulate state fertilizer of making is moved into film applicator, start film applicator, the above-mentioned liniment that contains microorganism is coated on equably the surface of fertiliser granulates by film applicator, after the drying, particle surface form one deck even, firm contain mycoderm, fertilizer is become contain the fertilizer of living microorganism.Described coating process can be to be coated with membrane process 2 times.
Embodiment 2:
The chemically composited fertilizer that contains microorganism of embodiment 1 described mycoderm manufactured, in the course of processing, if add a certain proportion of organic matter in the batching of described composite fertilizer production line, 10%, 20% or 30% organic substance for example, for example excrement powder or bone meal, blood meal, all the other steps are according to the method for embodiment 1, and the product of then producing is the biological organic fertilizer of certain proportion (10%, 20% or 30%) quality.
Embodiment 3:
The chemically composited fertilizer that contains microorganism of embodiment 1 mycoderm manufactured, in the course of processing, if adopt a certain proportion of (1: 2,1: 5 or 1: 10) organic matter and pure fertilizer in the blending process of described composite fertilizer production line, and all the other steps are according to the method for embodiment 1, described as embodiment 2, just the product that can produce is the biological organic and inorganic composite fertilizer of certain proportion (10%, 20% or 30%).
Embodiment 4:
The chemically composited fertilizer that contains microorganism of embodiment 1 mycoderm manufactured, in the course of processing, can contain chemical ingredientss such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium in the blending process of described composite fertilizer production line, other guide is identical, all the other steps are according to the method for embodiment 1, the product of so producing is a nitrogen phosphorus potassium lithotroph composite fertilizer.
The preceding topic of technology that realizes the generation of mycoderm method is: microorganism is wanted strict selection, meticulous manufacturing, guarantee that bacterium number in the mycoderm is than the high several times of traditional microbial inoculum even tens of times, thereby ensure that a liniment with minute quantity adheres to, wraps up one deck thinly on fertiliser granulates, microbiological indicator is up to standard on the whole just can to make fertilizer.
Embodiment 5:
Embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 contains the chemically composited fertilizer of microorganism, the bacterium powder that uses: select for use liquid fermentation process with sporeformer as producing bacterial classification, make dry bacterial powder, fermentation is after separation and purification, cryodrying, make the bacterium number up to 180-220 hundred million/gram, the active bacterium powder of the exsiccant of fineness more than 60 meters.Also can buy the active bacillus powder of puddling use on the market.
Perhaps with bacillus subtilis through operations such as fermentation, separation, dryings, make the every gram 20,000,000,000 of bacteria containing amount, a degree is less than 60 purpose dry bacterial powders.
Take by weighing 3 kilograms of dry bacterial powders, add an amount of carboxymethyl cellulose for example 20 grams or 35 grams or 50 grams or 75 grams or 100 grams, mix, drop in the stirrer, add 3 kilograms in water, stir, make thick liniment, the bacterium powder particles floats on a liquid equably.
Here the carboxymethyl cellulose of selecting for use is a water soluble film-forming material, also can select polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin for use, and carboxymethyl starch becomes as film forming material.When their aqueous solution is sprayed onto on the fertiliser granulates surface, behind the moisture evaporation, form a strong and dense skim, the bacterium powder is fixed on particle surface, form mycoderm.
Liniment by above-mentioned quantity preparation can wrap up one ton of fertilizer, can increase in proportion when expense is big.
Embodiment 7:
Contain the chemically composited fertile terminal of microorganism in traditional production, set up a drum-type or disk film applicator, be equipped with the container and the atomizer of dress liniment.Form mycoderm on the fertiliser granulates of the liniment for preparing in atomizer is sprayed onto film applicator.
Embodiment 8:
Fertilizer of the present invention: by the nitrogen of setting, phosphorus, the potassium ratio is with the chemical fertilizer raw material urea of calculated amount, the phosphoric acid diamines, Repone K and weathered coal, fillers etc. drop in the stirrer, after stirring, through granulation, high temperature drying, screening, conventional operations such as cooling, make water content fertiliser granulates up to standard, fertiliser granulates is moved in the film applicator, start atomizer, spray liniment on the fertiliser granulates equably, in the film applicator operation process, the fertiliser granulates surface forms the coating that one deck contains high concentration microorganism, in the coating behind the moisture evaporation, form one deck and be wrapped in lip-deep firm mycoderm, the formation of mycoderm, make fertilizer on the whole bacteria containing amount reach national composite microbiological fertilizer standard, promptly every gram fertilizer contains the bacterium number and reaches more than 2,000 ten thousand/gram.
Contain chemical fertilizer during this example feeds intake, organic matter is a weathered coal, thereby products obtained therefrom is organic and inorganic, microorganism Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, also claims composite microbiological fertilizer.
To drop in the stirrer by setting prescription through the chicken manure of fermentative processing and chaff shape compound etc., after puddling evenly, make water content particulate state fertilizer up to standard through common process such as granulation, high temperature drying, coolings, then granulated fertilizer is moved in the film applicator, the microorganism that adds aequum in the mode of filming, because the microorganism that adds does not experience high-temperature process, it is up to standard that content of microorganisms is very easy to control in the product, makes the stability of quality product that reliable guarantee be arranged.
Only contain organic matter during this example feeds intake, do not contain the chemical fertilizer composition, so the finished product of making is a bio-organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 10:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio in the prescription setting, urea, phosphoric acid diamines, the Repone K of calculated amount are dropped into agitator after crushed, drop into bonding material and other filler of calculated amount again, puddle evenly, after common process such as granulation, high temperature drying, screening, cooling are made the qualified fertiliser granulates of water content, fertiliser granulates is moved into film applicator films, microorganism adheres to the adventitia form, be wrapped on the fertiliser granulates, become the part of fertilizer, fertilizer is become contain the chemical fertilizer of microbiological active material.
An effective constituent that feeds intake of this example all is simple substance inorganic fertilizers, and therefore the finished product that makes is that chemically composited fertilizer or the weighing-appliance that contains microorganism has the active chemically composited fertilizer of life.
Embodiment 11:
The every technical indicator of outsourcing all is up to state standards, qualified granular organic fertilizer or composite organic-inorganic fertilizer or inorganic chemistry composite fertilizer, and the back of unpacking is dropped in the film applicator and is coated mycoderm; If what drop into is fertilizer, then product is a biological organic fertilizer; If what drop into is composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, then product is a biologic organic, inorganic composite fertilizer; If what drop into is pure chemistry composite fertilizer, then product is chemistry of micro-organisms composite fertilizer or claims activity chemistry composite fertilizer.
Use still can keep bioactive agriculture beneficial microorganism dry bacterial powder in dry powder, with bacteria containing amount and fineness is controlled variable, make the bacterium powder satisfy the requirement that coating process is dosed material to liniment on the consumption He on the physical aspect, on the bacterium number, satisfy the requirement of national technical standard simultaneously again.
Claims (5)
1. a mycoderm method is produced the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism, comprise: will not contain granulation of fertilizer, drying, screening, the cooling of bacterium, it is characterized in that: adopt coating process at the production line tail end, active bacterium powder is coated in the outside surface of fertiliser granulates, and the bacterium number reaches the fertilizer of filming of the technological standard of national regulation when making overall inspection.
2. mycoderm method according to claim 1 is produced the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism, it is characterized in that: described bacterium powder selects for use liquid fermentation process that sporeformer is made dry bacterial powder as producing bacterial classification, fermentation is after separation and purification, cryodrying, make the bacterium number up to 180-220 hundred million/gram, the active bacterium powder of the exsiccant of fineness more than 60 meters.
3. mycoderm method according to claim 2 is produced the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism, and it is characterized in that: described bacterium powder is a gemma bacterium powder, has the dry powder that still can keep the biological active bacterium that lives, subtilis dry powder with the dry powder form; Described membrane-forming agent is the material that carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin have film-forming properties.
4. produce the chemically composited fertilizer method that contains microorganism according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described mycoderm methods, it is characterized in that: described membrane-forming agent: active dry bacterial powder is 3 kilograms, add carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin filmogen 20-100 gram, mix, drop in the stirrer, add water and form for 3 kilograms; Described coating process comprises and is coated with membrane process 2 times.
5. fertilizer that coats mycoderm; its composition comprises: fertiliser granulates; it is characterized in that: described fertiliser granulates is organic fertilizer particle or chemically composited fertilizer; outside surface scribbles the rete of active bacterium powder by above method; formation has double-deck; heterogeneous new particle can detect containing of biologically active substance bioactive organic fertilizer or chemically composited fertilizer in the new particle.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102391023A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-03-28 | 北京华瑞康田生物科技有限公司 | Production process for high-activity granular biologic organic fertilizer |
| CN103524224A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 淮北师范大学 | Selenium-rich organic fertilizer based on wormcast |
| CN103553770A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-05 | 张喜梅 | Organic microorganism-containing ecological fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN104086306A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 四川新绿盛生物工程技术有限公司 | Special compound microbial fertilizer for kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof |
| CN104446893A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽欧杰利生态肥业有限公司 | High-concentration long-acting biological formula fertilizer with high biological strain and production method thereof |
| CN105384538A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-09 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Water-free oil-free microbial fertilizer coating additive and microbial fertilizer and application thereof |
| CN108456118A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-08-28 | 黑龙江省庆东阳光农业生物科技股份有限公司 | Biologic organic, inorganic Eco-fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN112194528A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-08 | 安徽科技学院 | Animal manure biological fermentation granular organic fertilizer and production process thereof |
| CN114524688A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-24 | 云南天腾化工有限公司 | Compound fertilizer dissolving and mixing process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102391023A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-03-28 | 北京华瑞康田生物科技有限公司 | Production process for high-activity granular biologic organic fertilizer |
| CN103524224A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 淮北师范大学 | Selenium-rich organic fertilizer based on wormcast |
| CN103553770A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-05 | 张喜梅 | Organic microorganism-containing ecological fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN103553770B (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2016-02-03 | 张喜梅 | A kind of ecological fertilizer and production method thereof containing organic microbial |
| CN104086306A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 四川新绿盛生物工程技术有限公司 | Special compound microbial fertilizer for kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof |
| CN104446893A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽欧杰利生态肥业有限公司 | High-concentration long-acting biological formula fertilizer with high biological strain and production method thereof |
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| CN112194528A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-08 | 安徽科技学院 | Animal manure biological fermentation granular organic fertilizer and production process thereof |
| CN114524688A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-24 | 云南天腾化工有限公司 | Compound fertilizer dissolving and mixing process |
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Application publication date: 20110803 |