CN102138496A - Underhole drip irrigation method for integration of water and fertilizers of fruit trees - Google Patents
Underhole drip irrigation method for integration of water and fertilizers of fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN102138496A CN102138496A CN2011100908751A CN201110090875A CN102138496A CN 102138496 A CN102138496 A CN 102138496A CN 2011100908751 A CN2011100908751 A CN 2011100908751A CN 201110090875 A CN201110090875 A CN 201110090875A CN 102138496 A CN102138496 A CN 102138496A
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Abstract
The invention provides an underhole drip irrigation method for the integration of water and fertilizers of fruit trees aiming at the problems of existing subsurface drip irrigation methods and surface drip irrigation methods, which is characterized in that: the underhole drip irrigation method comprises the following steps of: arranging a dripper-free water delivery capillary pipe (1) on the ground surface of each row of fruit trees; punching holes (2) on the water delivery capillary pipes nearby each fruit tree; inserting water inlets of small flow guide pipes (3) in the holes (2) on the water delivery capillary pipes to be connected with the water delivery capillary pipes (1); installing one pressure compensating type dipper (4) on the water outlets of the small flow guide pipes (3); punching a plurality of vertical holes (5) on the ground surface below crowns of respective fruit trees; inserting the small flow guide pipes (3) provided with the dippers (4) in the holes (5); and stuffing the holes (5) through loose materials so as to fix the small flow guide pipes (3). The method has the advantages of being convenient to maintain, needing low cost, having a high water-fertilizer utilization rate, preventing the surface layer of soil from accumulating salt, and regulating and controlling the growth of a root system; moreover, the method can be widely applied in the efficient planting of fruit trees.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of drip irrigation method under the incorporate hole of fruit tree liquid manure that is used for.
Background technology
At present, the drip irrigation technique that is applied to produce mainly contains 2 types: a kind of is the drip surface technology, and its major technique feature is, irrigator (water dropper) and water delivery hollow billet are arranged in the face of land, liquid manure enters lower soil by soil infiltration after flowing out from irrigator, and angiocarp tree root system absorbs then.Another kind is a underground drip irrigation technique, and its major technique feature is that irrigator (water dropper) and water delivery hollow billet are arranged on underground, after liquid manure flows out from irrigator, directly supply the root system of fruit tree.
The major advantage of drip surface technology is that irrigator and water delivery hollow billet are safeguarded easily, expense is low.Its major defect is that liquid manure must enter fruit tree Root Distribution soil layer by soil infiltration, could be absorbed by fruit tree; Because fertilizer infiltrates the absorption that is subjected to soil and fixes, the degree of depth of infiltrating is restricted, it is strong that particularly phosphate fertilizer is subjected to the fixing effect of adsorption by soil, infiltrate and move down the degree of depth and generally be no more than 10 centimetres, and the most of Root Distribution of fruit tree is in 10-80 cm layer of soil scope, make the fruit tree root system be difficult to absorb phosphate fertilizer, thereby limited the incorporate application of drip surface liquid manure.
The major advantage of underground drip irrigation technique is can directly import the root system soil layer to the required liquid manure of plant, the plant absorbing that is highly advantageous to, the soil evaporation of minimizing moisture and the soil fixation of nutrient; Simultaneously adjustable, guiding plant root growth make the fruit tree root system grow to deep layer, avoid freezing to death winter, the frostbite root system.Its major defect is, irrigation system is embedded in underground, system failure investigation difficulty, and maintenance is wasted time and energy, the expense height.
At the problem that present underground drip irrigation and drip surface exist, the invention provides a kind of liquid manure directly import root system soil layer, liquid manure utilization ratio height, easy to maintenance, expense is low is used for drip irrigation method under the incorporate hole of fruit tree liquid manure.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, at the problem that existing underground drip irrigation and drip surface method exist, provide a kind of liquid manure directly import root system soil layer, liquid manure utilization ratio height, easy to maintenance, expense is low is used for drip irrigation method under the incorporate hole of fruit tree liquid manure.Adopt this method that the advantage that drip surface is safeguarded easily, expense is low is promptly arranged, have underground drip irrigation that liquid manure is directly imported root system soil layer, advantage that the liquid manure utilization ratio is high again; Promptly overcome the shortcoming that the integrated phosphate fertilizer of drip surface liquid manure can not arrive fruit tree Root Distribution soil layer, overcome underground drip irrigation system malfunction elimination difficulty, maintenance is wasted time and energy, expense is high shortcoming again.This method can be widely used in the drip irrigation liquid manure integrated management of fruit tree.
A kind of drip irrigation method under the incorporate hole of fruit tree liquid manure that is used for of the present invention connects the following step and carries out:
A, at first no water dropper water delivery hollow billet (1) is arranged on the face of land in the orchard, and every capable fruit tree is arranged a water delivery hollow billet, and the stem of all the other fertigation systems, fertilizer spreading tank, main and arm laying, connection mode are all identical with existing drip surface;
B, punching (2) near the water delivery hollow billet every strain fruit tree with being connected with water delivery hollow billet (1) in the hole (2) on the water inlet insertion water delivery hollow billet of water conservancy diversion tubule (3), will be installed a pressure compensating emitter (4) on the delivery port of water conservancy diversion tubule (3);
C, several vertical holes (5) are beaten on the face of land under every strain top fruit sprayer, and the water conservancy diversion tubule (3) that will wear water dropper (4) inserts in the hole (5), then with unconsolidated material with hole (5) filling with fixing water conservancy diversion tubule (3).
The diameter of the water delivery hollow billet (1) among the step a is 1.5 10cm.
Among the step b, the quantity of punching (2) is 2-12 near the water delivery hollow billet every strain fruit tree, and the length of water conservancy diversion tubule (3) is 30-200cm, and diameter is 0.1-1cm, and the quantity of punch on quantity and the water delivery hollow billet (2) is consistent.
Among the step c, the face of land beats that the quantity of vertical hole (5) is consistent with the quantity of water conservancy diversion tubule (3), the degree of depth is that 10-80cm, diameter are 2-15cm under every strain top fruit sprayer, the degree of depth that water dropper (4) inserts hole (5) is 10-80cm, and unconsolidated material can be fine sand, coarse sand, straw, peat, the dregs of fat, sheep excrement or cow dung.
During maintenance, only need the underground drip irrigation part is extracted from hole, check, repair or change the parts that break down, bury underground again again.
At the problem of present underground drip irrigation and the existence of drip surface method, technical solution scheme of the present invention is:
(1) why existing underground drip irrigation system exists malfunction elimination difficulty, maintenance is wasted time and energy and expense is high shortcoming, be because irrigation pipeline and water dropper all are embedded in deep soil, the face of land is difficult to find the fault origination point, is to find the trouble point, also needs to deep-cut out the pipeline place under repair.Given this, water delivery hollow billet of the present invention is arranged in the face of land, and irrigator is embedded in the hole.
(2) why existing underground drip irrigation has liquid manure utilization ratio height, is that plant absorbing is fast owing to directly liquid manure is imported fruit tree root system soil layer, can also prevent the soil fixation of soil water evaporation and minimizing nutrient.Though water delivery hollow billet of the present invention is arranged in the face of land, irrigator is embedded in the underground opening, and liquid manure is input to darker fruit tree root zone by the irrigator with certain depth, thereby realizes the purpose of underground drip irrigation.
(3) why existing drip surface system exists the fruit tree root system to be difficult to absorb the shortcoming of phosphate fertilizer, is because liquid manure must enter fruit tree Root Distribution soil layer by soil infiltration, could be absorbed by fruit tree; Because phosphate fertilizer is subjected to the fixing effect of adsorption by soil strong, infiltrate and move down the degree of depth and generally be no more than 10 centimetres, and the most of Root Distribution of fruit tree makes the fruit tree root system be difficult to absorb phosphate fertilizer in 10-80 cm layer of soil scope.And irrigator of the present invention is embedded in the underground opening, liquid manure directly can be imported fruit tree root system soil layer.
(4) why existing drip surface system has easy maintenance, advantage that expense is low, is because irrigator and water delivery hollow billet are arranged in the face of land.And irrigator of the present invention is embedded in the underground opening, during maintenance, only needs underground jar part extracted from hole, checks, repairs or parts that replacing is broken down, buries underground again to get final product again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of invention.
Embodiment
Further describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, and provide embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A, at first no water dropper water delivery hollow billet (1) is arranged on the face of land in the orchard, every capable fruit tree is arranged a water delivery hollow billet, the diameter of water delivery hollow billet is 5cm, and the stem of all the other fertigation systems, fertilizer spreading tank, main and arm are laid, connection mode is all identical with existing drip surface;
B, near the water delivery hollow billet every strain fruit tree, make a call to 2 holes (2), to be connected with water delivery hollow billet (1) in the hole (2) on the water inlet insertion water delivery hollow billet of 2 water conservancy diversion tubules (3) respectively, to a pressure compensating emitter (4) be installed on the delivery port of each water conservancy diversion tubule (3), the length of water conservancy diversion tubule (3) is that 100cm, diameter are 0.5cm;
C, 2 vertical holes (5) are made a call on the face of land under every strain top fruit sprayer, the water conservancy diversion tubule (3) that to wear water dropper (4) inserts in the hole (5), then with fine sand with hole (5) filling with fixing water conservancy diversion tubule (3), vertically the degree of depth of hole (5) is that 25cm, diameter are 6cm, and the degree of depth that water dropper (4) inserts hole (5) is 20cm.
During maintenance, only need the underground drip irrigation part is extracted from hole, check, repair or change the parts that break down, bury underground again again.
Embodiment 2:
A, at first no water dropper water delivery hollow billet (1) is arranged on the face of land in the orchard, every capable fruit tree is arranged a water delivery hollow billet, the diameter of water delivery hollow billet is 7cm, and the stem of all the other fertigation systems, fertilizer spreading tank, main and arm are laid, connection mode is all identical with existing drip surface;
B, near the water delivery hollow billet every strain fruit tree, make a call to 4 holes (2), to be connected with water delivery hollow billet (1) in the hole (2) on the water inlet insertion water delivery hollow billet of 4 water conservancy diversion tubules (3) respectively, to a pressure compensating emitter (4) be installed on the delivery port of each water conservancy diversion tubule (3), the length of water conservancy diversion tubule (3) is that 90cm, diameter are 0.5cm;
C, 4 vertical holes (5) are made a call on the face of land under every strain top fruit sprayer, the water conservancy diversion tubule (3) that to wear water dropper (4) inserts in the hole (5), use then the sheep excrement with hole (5) filling with fixing water conservancy diversion tubule (3), vertically the degree of depth of hole (5) is that 30cm, diameter are 8cm, and the degree of depth that water dropper (4) inserts hole (5) is 25cm.
During maintenance, only need the underground drip irrigation part is extracted from hole, check, repair or change the parts that break down, bury underground again again.
Embodiment 3:
A, at first no water dropper water delivery hollow billet (1) is arranged on the face of land in the orchard, every capable fruit tree is arranged a water delivery hollow billet, the diameter of water delivery hollow billet is 8cm, and the stem of all the other fertigation systems, fertilizer spreading tank, main and arm are laid, connection mode is all identical with existing drip surface;
B, near the water delivery hollow billet every strain fruit tree, make a call to 6 holes (2), to be connected with water delivery hollow billet (1) in the hole (2) on the water inlet insertion water delivery hollow billet of 6 water conservancy diversion tubules (3) respectively, to a pressure compensating emitter (4) be installed on the delivery port of each water conservancy diversion tubule (3), the length of water conservancy diversion tubule (3) is that 120cm, diameter are 0.5cm;
C, 6 vertical holes (5) are made a call on the face of land under every strain top fruit sprayer, the water conservancy diversion tubule (3) that to wear water dropper (4) inserts in the hole (5), then with the dregs of fat with hole (5) filling with fixing water conservancy diversion tubule (3), vertically the degree of depth of hole (5) is that 35cm, diameter are 10cm, and the degree of depth that water dropper (4) inserts hole (5) is 30cm.
During maintenance, only need the underground drip irrigation part is extracted from hole, check, repair or change the parts that break down, bury underground again again.
A kind of drip irrigation method under the incorporate hole of fruit tree liquid manure that is used for of the present invention, the principal advantages easy to maintenance except having, that expense is low, the liquid manure utilization ratio is high, under this hole drip irrigation method prevent the upper soll layer salification in addition, suppress face of land weed growth, improve the gas permeability of soil, the advantage of regulation and control fruit tree root growth.Drip irrigation method can be widely used in the efficient plantation of woods fruit under this hole.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is used for drip irrigation method under the incorporate hole of fruit tree liquid manure, it is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
A, at first no water dropper water delivery hollow billet (1) is arranged on the face of land in the orchard, and every capable fruit tree is arranged a water delivery hollow billet, and the stem of all the other fertigation systems, fertilizer spreading tank, main and arm laying, connection mode are all identical with existing drip surface;
B, punching (2) near the water delivery hollow billet every strain fruit tree with being connected with water delivery hollow billet (1) in the hole (2) on the water inlet insertion water delivery hollow billet of water conservancy diversion tubule (3), will be installed a pressure compensating emitter (4) on the delivery port of water conservancy diversion tubule (3);
C, several vertical holes (5) are beaten on the face of land under every strain top fruit sprayer, and the water conservancy diversion tubule (3) that will wear water dropper (4) inserts in the hole (5), then with unconsolidated material with hole (5) filling with fixing water conservancy diversion tubule (3).
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the diameter of the water delivery hollow billet (1) among the step a is 1.5-10cm.
3. method according to claim 1, the quantity that it is characterized in that punching (2) near the water delivery hollow billet every strain fruit tree among the step b is 2-12, and it is consistent with the punch quantity of (2) on the water delivery hollow billet that the length of water conservancy diversion tubule (3) is that 30-200cm, diameter are 0.1-1cm, quantity.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that the face of land under the every strain top fruit sprayer among the step c beats that the quantity of vertical hole (5) is consistent with the quantity of water conservancy diversion tubule (3), the degree of depth is that 10-80cm, diameter are 2-15cm, the degree of depth that water dropper (4) inserts hole (5) is 10-80cm, and unconsolidated material can be fine sand, coarse sand, straw, peat, the dregs of fat, sheep excrement or cow dung.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100908751A CN102138496A (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Underhole drip irrigation method for integration of water and fertilizers of fruit trees |
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| CN2011100908751A CN102138496A (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Underhole drip irrigation method for integration of water and fertilizers of fruit trees |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104012231A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-09-03 | 北京富特森农业科技有限公司 | Fruit tree water-fertilizer integration and rhizosphere regulation method |
| CN104067908A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-10-01 | 南京绿航生态农业有限公司 | Water-saving laying method for irrigating and drop irrigation of kiwi fruit |
| CN104170698A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-03 | 宝鸡市林山环保科技推广有限公司 | Method for tree planting in arid and semi-arid regions |
| CN107211838A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of multiple sources drip irrigation appliance and its application method |
| CN112772254A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Water-saving cultivation method for jujube trees |
Citations (2)
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| CN1175723C (en) * | 2002-11-11 | 2004-11-17 | 刘明池 | Equipping-type precision seep-irrigation apparatus and connector used therein |
| CN101606478A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-23 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of underground drip irrigation method based on tubelet effluent |
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2011
- 2011-04-12 CN CN2011100908751A patent/CN102138496A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1175723C (en) * | 2002-11-11 | 2004-11-17 | 刘明池 | Equipping-type precision seep-irrigation apparatus and connector used therein |
| CN101606478A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-23 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of underground drip irrigation method based on tubelet effluent |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 《灌溉排水学报》 20071231 康银红等 地下滴渗灌灌水技术研究进展 34-40 1-4 第26卷, 第6期 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067908A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-10-01 | 南京绿航生态农业有限公司 | Water-saving laying method for irrigating and drop irrigation of kiwi fruit |
| CN104012231A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-09-03 | 北京富特森农业科技有限公司 | Fruit tree water-fertilizer integration and rhizosphere regulation method |
| CN104170698A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-03 | 宝鸡市林山环保科技推广有限公司 | Method for tree planting in arid and semi-arid regions |
| CN104170698B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-01-20 | 宝鸡市林山环保科技推广有限公司 | A kind of Arid&semi-arid area kind tree method |
| CN107211838A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of multiple sources drip irrigation appliance and its application method |
| CN112772254A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Water-saving cultivation method for jujube trees |
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Application publication date: 20110803 |