CN102123754B - 用于输送液体、特别是透析液的输液盒 - Google Patents

用于输送液体、特别是透析液的输液盒 Download PDF

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CN102123754B
CN102123754B CN200980132401.XA CN200980132401A CN102123754B CN 102123754 B CN102123754 B CN 102123754B CN 200980132401 A CN200980132401 A CN 200980132401A CN 102123754 B CN102123754 B CN 102123754B
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弗兰克·埃德曼
斯特凡·克拉特
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Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH
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    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
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    • A61M5/445—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media the media being heated in the reservoir, e.g. warming bloodbags
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于输送液体的输液盒，其具有用于连接溶液袋和通向患者或透析仪的管路的连接元件。根据本发明，所述输液盒具有用于引导加热超过额定温度的液体的控制装置，所述控制装置一直是有效的，直到再次达到所述额定温度。此外，本发明涉及一种具有用于容纳上述输液盒的装置的透析仪，以及一种用于控制在所述输液盒中引导的液体的温度的方法。

Description

用于输送液体、特别是透析液的输液盒
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于输送液体、特别是透析液的输液盒，所述输液盒具有：用于连接溶液袋和通向患者或透析仪的管路；至少一个带有入口和出口的输送腔；用于引导供给和输送的液体的管路；用于逐段关闭所述管路的阀；以及用于将位于管路中的液体加热到可预先规定的额定温度的加热装置。此外本发明还涉及一种用于控制输液盒中的液体的温度的方法，所述方法包括：将被加热到高于希望的温度的液体从所述输液盒的第一泵腔泵送到所述输液盒的第二泵腔。
背景技术
从EP 991 05 771 B中已经已知用于输送透析液的相应的输液盒，它具有：用于连接溶液袋和通向患者和透析仪的管路的连接元件；至少一个带有入口和出口的泵腔；以及用于引导供给和输送的液体的管路，其中，管路的壁至少逐段地构成为，使得该管路可通过施加作用在所述壁上的压力而关闭。该已知的输液盒包含用于将透析液加热到所希望的额定温度的加热装置。
这种类型的输液盒例如应用在腹膜透析的领域中，并且在这里特别是应用在如下腹膜透析中，在所述腹膜透析中，腹膜借助于称为“循环仪”的机器填充和排空，并且在所述腹膜透析中，流通量控制通过输液盒系统来进行。
在所述输液盒中，透析液加热到所希望的额定温度，并且随后注入腹膜中。
如果现在发生循环仪的意外停止，在这种情况下必须中断向患者输送液体，那么从现在起不再在输液盒中循环的透析液由于加热装置的惯性，加热超过额定温度。由于超过额定温度，在重新启动循环仪后，过热的透析液不再用于注入患者体内。因此在已知的系统中，该透析液被完全倒出。但是这导致不希望的且最终费用高的额外消耗。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是，改进一种用于输送液体的输液盒，使得使可能过热的液体回到所希望的额定温度，而不必将其倒出，所述输液盒具有：用于连接溶液袋和通向患者或透析仪的管路；至少一个带有入口和出口的输送腔；用于引导供给和输送的液体的管路；用于逐段关闭所述管路的阀；以及用于将位于管路中的液体加热到可预先规定的额定温度的加热装置。此外，本发明的目的还在于，提供一种用于控制输液盒中的液体的温度的方法，所述方法包括：将被加热到高于希望的温度的液体从所述输液盒的第一泵腔泵送到所述输液盒的第二泵腔。
根据本发明，该目的通过一种用于输送液体、特别是透析液的输液盒以及一种用于控制输液盒中的液体的温度的方法得以实现。因此，提供一种用于输送液体、特别是透析液的输液盒，其具有用于连接溶液袋和通向患者或透析仪的管路的连接元件，其中，输液盒具有至少一个带有入口和出口的输送腔，还具有用于引导供给和输送的液体的管路，此外具有用于逐段关闭管路的阀和用于将位于管路中的液体加热到可预先规定的额定温度的加热装置。根据本发明，在这种类型的输液盒中设有控制装置，通过该控制装置，加热超过额定温度的液体在所述输液盒中被引导，直到再次达到额定温度。
因此，所述液体能够再次被使用。多余的热量可以通过在输液盒内的相应的循环传递到包围它的输液盒上。
从本发明中得出所述输液盒的优选的实施方式。
因此能够设有至少一个用于测量在输液盒中的液体的温度的温度传感器。
根据一个特别有利的实施方式，设有两个泵腔，介质可在所述两个泵腔之间移动，直到达到额定温度。
所述加热装置有利地构造为连续加热器。
此外，如上所述，本发明涉及一种用于控制输液盒中液体的温度的方法。根据本发明，在这里，液体在两个泵腔之间移动，直到达到额定温度。
从本发明中得出根据本发明的方法的优选的实施方式。
因此，当超过液体的额定温度时，关闭与排出液体的管路连接的管路。同时，降低所述加热装置的加热效率。所述液体通过泵腔中的一个从加热装置泵入相应的另一个泵腔中。
如果在导入有过热液体的泵腔中已经存在高比例的冷的液体，那么在逆向运行下，输送混合液，即具有产生的混合温度的液体，通过加热装置到达相应的另一个泵腔中，以便在此同时冷却该加热装置。
反之，如果由于过热的液体混合进入泵腔中而产生在其混合温度方面过热的液体，那么在正向运行下，输送混合液通过所述加热装置到达相应的另一个泵腔中，以便将多余的热量分散到输液盒中。
最后，本发明涉及一种透析仪，特别是用于实施腹膜透析方法的透析仪，其具有用于容纳之前所述的输液盒的装置，以及用于操纵所述输液盒的泵腔的泵单元。
从本发明的一个优选的实施例的下列说明中得出本发明的其它特征、细节和优点。
附图说明
唯一的附图示出根据本发明的输液盒的一个实施形式的俯视图。
具体实施方式
该附图示出输液盒10，其构成为一次性用品，并且能够插入透析仪的，最好是腹膜透析装置的循环仪的相应地构造的凹槽或者容纳部中。附图标记2、4、6标识用于连接溶液袋和通向患者或透析仪的管路或排出管路的连接元件。在接口4和6上设置两个(未示出的)牢固地安装的软管，其中一个为患者软管，并且另一个为排出软管。所述连接元件2用于由操作者实施的与例如溶液袋或其它药品容器的连接。
所述输液盒10包含基体12，该基体由塑料组成，并且能够以压铸技术或深冲技术制造。在基体12中延伸有凹部以及通道，它们部分地形成两个并排设置的输送腔20、22的壁以及设置在输液盒上的管路(例如30、40、50、60)。在泵腔20和22之间同样构成有管路80或90。
在所述管路50的区域中，连续加热器52实现为加热装置。
此外，工作原理和输液盒的构造基本上相当于根据EP0956876B1的工作原理和输液盒的构造，EP0956876B1的内容被参考。
阀V1、V2、V3、V4、V5、V6、V7、V8、V9、V10、V11、V12、V13、V14、V15以及V16用于控制在管路30、40、50、60中供给或输送的液体。这些阀同样如在EP0956876B1中所述，可通过气动地、液压地或者机械地控制的阀挺杆关闭。在附图中示出的装置的通常的工作原理中，液体从泵腔22通过连续加热器52向着排出液体的管路的方向输送，该管路在以未详细示出的方式连接在接口4上。因此，液体在阀V4开启后从泵腔22经由管路80流过连续加热器52中的管路50，并且流经已开启的阀V5以及已开启的阀V6。同时，所述泵腔20例如通过已开启的阀V11和V1供给新鲜的液体，而阀V7、V3和V2以及V9显然同时被关闭。
现在，如果在管路中发生问题，例如连接在接口4上的通向患者的管路阻塞，那么位于连续加热器52中的液体能够由于加热调节装置的过调而过热，使得该液体不再能够注入腹膜中。
当位于连续加热器52中的液体发生上述过热时，通过在此未示出的控制装置，所述阀6关闭，并且在连续加热器52中的加热效率降低，该控制装置设置在输液盒的外部，例如设置在循环仪中。同时，中止新鲜的溶液填充入泵腔20中。为此，所述阀V11关闭。为此，现在通过泵腔22将非常热的溶液通过连续加热器52泵入泵腔20中，其中，在此所述阀V4、V5、V7和V1开启。当泵腔20充满或者泵腔22排空时，所述泵腔22的泵行程结束。
现在，依据包含在泵腔20中的液体与输入泵腔20中的热的液体的比例，原则上得出两个用于冷却液体的可能性。
在第一可选方案中假定，在泵腔20中存在高比例的冷的液体。在这种情况下，在逆向运行下，输送由于液体的混合导致的相对较冷的混合液通过连续加热器52到达泵腔22中，即在此通过液体经由已开启的阀V1、已开启的阀V7、已开启的阀V5和已开启的阀V4回抽到泵腔22中。通过相对较冷的液体附加地冷却局部过热的连续加热器。
现在，如果在泵腔20中存在相当高的比例的热的液体，那么在正向运行下，输送这个具有相当高的混合温度的液体通过连续加热器52到达泵腔22中，即在此通过液体由泵腔1通过已开启的阀V2、已开启的阀V5、已开启的阀V7和已开启的阀V3导入泵腔22中。在该变形方案中，过热的液体的多余的热量分散在输液盒中，以至于过热的液体可降到额定温度。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于输送液体的输液盒，具有：
用于连接溶液袋和通向患者或透析仪的管路；
至少一个带有入口和出口的输送腔；
用于引导供给和输送的液体的管路;
用于逐段关闭所述管路的阀；以及
用于将位于管路中的液体加热到可预先规定的额定温度的加热装置，
其特征在于，设有控制装置，该控制装置用于在所述输液盒中引导加热超过额定温度的液体，直到再次达到额定温度，并且所述输液盒设有两个泵腔，所述液体可在所述两个泵腔之间移动，直到达到所述额定温度。
2.如权利要求1所述的输液盒，其特征在于，设有至少一个用于测量在所述输液盒中的所述液体的温度的温度传感器。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的输液盒，其特征在于，所述加热装置是连续加热器。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的输液盒，其特征在于，所述输液盒是用于输送透析液的输液盒。
5.一种用于控制在如上述权利要求中任一项构造的输液盒中的液体的温度的方法，其特征在于，所述液体在所述两个泵腔之间移动，直到达到所述额定温度。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，当超过所述液体的所述额定温度时，关闭与排出液体的管路连接的管路，降低所述加热装置的加热效率，并且将所述液体通过所述泵腔中的一个从所述加热装置泵入所述相应的另一个泵腔中。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，如果在导入有过热的液体的所述泵腔中存在较高比例的冷的液体，那么在逆向运行下，输送混合液通过所述加热装置到达所述相应的另一个泵腔中，以便因此冷却所述加热装置。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，如果在导入有过热的液体的泵腔中存在高比例的非常热的液体，那么在正向运行下，输送混合液通过所述加热装置到达所述相应的另一个泵腔中，以便将多余的热量分散在所述输液盒中。
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