CN102101187A - 钻机 - Google Patents
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- CN102101187A CN102101187A CN2010106019592A CN201010601959A CN102101187A CN 102101187 A CN102101187 A CN 102101187A CN 2010106019592 A CN2010106019592 A CN 2010106019592A CN 201010601959 A CN201010601959 A CN 201010601959A CN 102101187 A CN102101187 A CN 102101187A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B45/00—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor
- B23B45/008—Gear boxes, clutches, bearings, feeding mechanisms or like equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
- B23B31/1207—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving obliquely to the axis of the chuck in a plane containing this axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
- B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
- B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
- B25D11/10—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a cam mechanism
- B25D11/102—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a cam mechanism the rotating axis of the cam member being coaxial with the axis of the tool
- B25D11/106—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a cam mechanism the rotating axis of the cam member being coaxial with the axis of the tool cam member and cam follower having the same shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D16/003—Clutches specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
- B25D2216/0023—Tools having a percussion-and-rotation mode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
- B25D2216/0038—Tools having a rotation-only mode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
- B25D2222/21—Metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
- B25D2222/21—Metals
- B25D2222/24—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
- B25D2222/21—Metals
- B25D2222/48—Zinc
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
- B25D2222/54—Plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/065—Details regarding assembling of the tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/121—Housing details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/165—Overload clutches, torque limiters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/195—Regulation means
- B25D2250/205—Regulation means for torque
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及钻机,包括固定在芯轴上的工具张紧装置及扭矩离合器,后者包括能沿轴向移动的离合器从动盘,该从动盘借助多个压力弹簧沿轴向受力加载,压力弹簧至少间接地与布置在壳体构件上的调整螺母配合作用,压力弹簧设置在沿壳体构件的纵向构造的第一凹部中,该钻机还包括用于轴向推移轴向轴承的装置,轴向轴承使得芯轴在朝向工具张紧装置的那一侧得以安置。按发明所述用于轴向推移轴向轴承的装置在朝向离合器从动盘的那一侧具有至少一个触发节段,该触发节段布置在壳体构件的第二凹部中并且在朝向离合器从动盘的那一侧与用于所述装置的调整元件配合作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1前序部分所述的钻机。
背景技术
这种钻机业已公知。在此,钻机具有扭矩离合器,所述扭矩离合器实现了将钻机尤其也用作起子机。在此,借助扭矩离合器将有待传递到螺栓上的扭矩限制在合理的范围内。公知的钻机为此具有由操作者操纵的调整环,所述调整环用来调整可传递的扭矩。用该调整环使布置在传动机构壳体上的调整螺母沿轴向运动,所述调整螺母尤其直接作用在轴向布置的压力弹簧上,所述压力弹簧又与能够沿轴向运动的离合器从动盘配合作用。在此,压力弹簧在传动机构壳体的螺纹段之间导引,调整螺母也设置在所述传动机构壳体上。
此外还已知的是,在一种冲击钻机中,布置在工具张紧单元的侧面上的、用于芯轴的轴承在冲击钻头工作时能够沿轴向移动,从而将轴承用作浮动轴承,因而可以将冲击装置作用到芯轴上。为此,通常设置一种沿轴向连接到扭矩离合器上的装置。
发明内容
基于所示现有技术,本发明所要解决的技术问题是,进一步发展一种按权利要求1前序部分所述的钻机,从而得到钻机的特别紧凑的轴向结构。该技术问题在一种具有权利要求1的特征的钻机中解决。在此,本发明基于这样一种思想,即,用来轴向推移用于芯轴的轴承的装置在局部至少部分地与用来调整扭矩离合器的扭矩的装置重叠。为此,按照本发明规定,用于推移轴向轴承的装置在朝向离合器从动盘的那一侧具有至少一个触发节段,所述触发节段设置在尤其设计成传动机构壳体的壳体结构元件的第二凹部中并且在朝向离合器从动盘的那一侧与用于所述用于推移轴向轴承的装置的调整元件配合作用。换而言之,这意味着,至少一个触发节段位于壳体构件的区域内,压力弹簧也布置在该区域中。
按本发明的钻机的有利的扩展设计在从属权利要求中说明。所有由至少两个在说明书、权利要求书和/或附图中公开的特征构成的组合都属于本发明范畴。
本发明的一种结构上特别有利的设计方案规定,所述装置具有多个过梁式的触发节段,这些节段以均匀的角距相互设置,以及第二凹部至少形状配合地容纳所述过梁式的触发节段。由此能够传递相对较高的轴向力,其中,通过导引触发节段附加地在侧向导引这些轴向力。
此外,为了容纳触发节段以实现轴向较短的结构长度,规定调整螺母具有大于已装配的压力弹簧的包络线的根圆直径,过梁式的触发节段沿径向于调整螺母的根圆直径之内延伸。
为了将轴向力从调整螺母传递到压力弹簧上,在本发明的一种结构性扩展设计中规定,调整螺母与弹簧架元件配合作用,所述弹簧架元件具有径向向内突伸且与压力弹簧配合作用的节段。
为了在将轴向力施加到压力弹簧上时避免压力弹簧侧向滑出,以及同时在压力弹簧之间实现到离合器从动盘的最佳的动力啮合,还有利地规定,向内突伸的节段具有销式的突出部,在所述突出部上分别导引压力弹簧,并且,在离合器从动盘上在与弹簧架元件对置的那一侧布置了传力器件尤其球体,其到芯轴的径向间距大致对应压力弹簧到芯轴的间距。
为了实现从调整螺母到离合器从动盘的特别良好的传力,从而特别是在冲击钻孔操作时闭锁离合器装置,在本发明的另一种设计方案中还规定,弹簧架元件在轴向方向上与调整螺母对准地具有至少一个支撑节段,该支撑节段为了轴向固定住离合器从动盘而贴靠在离合器从动盘上。
为了让所使用的构件数量保持得尽可能少以及因而在制造技术上实现钻机的最佳结构,还有利地规定,壳体构件是传动机构壳体。
在此,当该传动机构壳体设计成(例如由铝、镁或锌制成的)金属压铸件或设计成塑喷件时,可以在制造技术上相对有利地制造传动机构壳体。
附图说明
按本发明的钻机的其它优点由对优选实施例的下列说明以及借助附图得出。
附图中:
图1和图2示出了按本发明的钻机在不同剖切平面内的纵剖面的前部;
图3以立体视图表示传动机构壳体的前部;
图4示出了按图1和2的钻机在传动机构壳体区域内的横截面,以及
图5用立体图表示前部传动机构壳体的区域,其中,为清楚起见没有示出各种构件。
具体实施方式
在图1和2中示出了按本发明的钻机10的轴向前部。钻机10在此尤其设计成用蓄电池驱动的钻机10,并且具有冲击钻功能以及旋拧功能或钻孔功能。钻机10具有工具张紧装置11,其公知包括三个以沿径向均匀的角距彼此设置的夹头12。能够以公知方式打开和关闭夹头12,从而在夹头12之间容纳一个合适的工具,例如钻头或起子头。
工具张紧装置11固定在芯轴15的朝向该工具张紧装置的端部上。芯轴15的与工具张紧装置11对置的另一个端部设置成与离合器从动盘17作用连接,其中,离合器从动盘17设置成能沿轴向运动。离合器从动盘17是扭矩离合器18的组成部分,其包括多个例如六个球体19,这些球体以均匀的角距布置在离合器从动盘17的与工具张紧装置11对置的那一侧。球体19设置成与止动套筒21作用连接,该止动套筒与钻机10的尤其设计成多级的、优选设计成行星齿轮传动机构的传动机构20的从动轮连接。传动机构20又与钻机10的驱动电机(未示出)连接。
芯轴15在中间置入轴承的情况下被夹紧环22包围,所述夹紧环又被传动机构壳体24沿径向包围。为此,尤其由图1和图2可知,传动机构壳体24在其内侧具有缺口25,因此借助在通孔中穿过传动机构壳体24的固定螺栓26使传动机构壳体24能够与夹紧环22连接。此外还要提到的是,离合器从动盘17在传动机构壳体24中沿径向导引。
传动机构壳体24尤其设计成(例如用铝、镁或锌制成的)金属压铸件或塑喷件。借助图3至5清楚可知,传动机构壳体24在其朝向工具张紧装置11的端部上具有螺纹节段27,所述螺纹节段具有三个以均匀的角距彼此设置的螺纹过梁28。螺纹过梁28用其外螺纹29来固定或沿轴向导引调整螺母30(见图1、2和4)。调整螺母30同样是扭矩离合器18的组成部分并且与调整环32配合作用或能够由该调整环触发。如图3至5清楚可知,传动机构壳体24具有沿传动机构壳体24的纵向延伸的第一凹部33,在该第一凹部中以均匀的角距尤其布置了与球体19的数量对应个数的压力弹簧35,在本实施例中是六个压力弹簧35。有利的是,这样布置压力弹簧35和球体19,使它们在扭矩离合器18的止动套筒21没有滑转时相互对准。在此,压力弹簧35从径向看全部在传动机构壳体24的外螺纹29的根圆内延伸,并且其到芯轴15的径向间距大致上与球体19到芯轴15的间距相同。压力弹簧35的端部作用到离合器从动盘17上。压力弹簧35经由弹簧架元件37被加载轴向力,其中,弹簧架元件37与调整螺母30联接。由图1可知,弹簧架元件37为此具有沿径向向内突伸的节段38,该节段为每个压力弹簧35而具有销式的突出部39。突出部39用于分别容纳压力弹簧35以及导引该压力弹簧。与调整螺母30对准地,弹簧架元件37还优选具有多个以均匀的角距彼此设置的支撑区域41,这些支撑区域平行于突出部39地延伸并且在离合器从动盘17的闭锁位置中贴靠在离合器从动盘17上。
除第一凹部33外,传动机构壳体24还具有第二凹部43。由图4清楚可知,第二凹部43同样以均匀的角距形成在传动机构壳体24中,特别是成形为槽状。第二凹部43用于局部形状配合地容纳过梁式的触发节段44。
触发节段44是轴承架45的组成部分,所述轴承架45用于轴向推移轴向轴承47。轴向轴承47在此布置在芯轴15的朝向工具张紧装置11的端部上并对其导引。触发节段44的背向轴向轴承47的端部贴靠在用作调整元件的曲线环48上,所述曲线环48同样与调整环32尤其形状配合地联接。在此,曲线环48用于轴向推移触发节段44或轴承架45,从而轴向轴承47作为浮动轴承用于冲击钻操作,并且作为固定轴承用于钻机10的旋拧或钻孔操作。
如图5所示,在钻孔操作中,轴承架45用其触发节段44沿轴向经由曲线环48支撑在传动机构壳体24上,其中,离合器从动盘17为此具有凹部49,从容使成形在曲线环48上的间隔元件50与传动机构壳体24配合作用。为提高可传递的扭矩,这样来转动调整环32,以致于调整螺母30沿轴向在离合器从动盘17的方向上运动。在此,压力弹簧35经由弹簧架元件37以提高了的轴向压力压住离合器从动盘17。
在钻机10的钻孔状态下,支撑区域41和/或突出部39又将离合器从动盘17几乎压到挡块上,从而锁定扭矩离合器18。
Claims (10)
1.钻机(10),包括固定在芯轴(15)上的工具张紧装置(11)以及扭矩离合器(18),该扭矩离合器包括能沿轴向移动的离合器从动盘(17),该离合器从动盘借助多个压力弹簧(35)沿轴向受力加载,其中所述压力弹簧(35)至少间接地与布置在壳体构件(24)上的调整螺母(30)配合作用,其中所述压力弹簧(35)被设置在沿所述壳体构件(24)的纵向构造的第一凹部(33)中,所述钻机还包括用于轴向推移轴向轴承(47)的装置(45),该轴向轴承(47)使得所述芯轴(15)在朝向所述工具张紧装置(11)的那一侧得以安置,其特征在于,所述用于轴向推移轴向轴承(47)的装置(45)在朝向所述离合器从动盘(17)的那一侧具有至少一个触发节段(44),该触发节段布置在所述壳体构件(24)的第二凹部(43)中并且在朝向所述离合器从动盘(17)的那一侧与用于所述装置(45)的调整元件(48)配合作用。
2.按权利要求1所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述装置(45)具有多个以均匀的角距彼此设置的过梁式的触发节段(44),并且所述第二凹部(43)至少部分形状配合地接纳所述过梁式的触发节段(44)。
3.按权利要求2所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述调整螺母(30)具有大于已装配的压力弹簧(35)的包络线的根圆直径,并且所述过梁式的触发节段(44)沿径向在所述调整螺母(30)的螺纹的根圆直径之内延伸。
4.按权利要求3所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述调整螺母(30)与弹簧架元件(37)配合作用,所述弹簧架元件具有径向向内突伸的节段(38),该节段与所述压力弹簧(35)配合作用。
5.按权利要求4所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述向内突伸的节段(38)具有销式的突出部(39),在所述突出部上分别导引压力弹簧(35),并且,在所述离合器从动盘(17)上在与所述弹簧架元件(37)对置的那一侧布置了传力器件(19)尤其球体,所述传力器件(19)尤其球体到所述芯轴(15)的间距大致对应所述压力弹簧(35)到所述芯轴(15)的间距。
6.按权利要求4或5所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述弹簧架元件(37)在轴向方向上与所述调整螺母(30)对准地具有至少一个支撑区域(41),所述支撑区域为了轴向固定住所述离合器从动盘(17)而贴靠在所述离合器从动盘(17)上。
7.按权利要求5或6所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述传力器件(19)的数量对应所述压力弹簧(35)的数量,并且所述传力器件(19)在所述扭矩离合器(18)没有滑转时与所述压力弹簧(35)对准地取向。
8.按权利要求1至7之一所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述壳体构件是传动机构壳体(24)。
9.按权利要求8所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述传动机构壳体(24)以壳体固定的方式布置在夹紧环(22)上,并且所述夹紧环(22)沿径向布置在所述调整螺母(30)之内。
10.按权利要求8或9所述的钻机,其特征在于,所述传动机构壳体(24)构造成铝压铸件或塑喷件。
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US8528658B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 |
DE102009054930B4 (de) | 2017-07-27 |
US9764391B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 |
GB2476376A (en) | 2011-06-22 |
US20130319707A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
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