CN102087729A - Method and system for quality monitoring in whole course of tobacco leaf production - Google Patents
Method and system for quality monitoring in whole course of tobacco leaf production Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method and a system for quality monitoring in whole course of tobacco leaf production. The method comprises the following steps of: S1, establishing/modifying a monitoring index system used for the quality monitoring in whole course of the tobacco leaf production; S2, acquiring corresponding monitoring data according to the monitoring index system, and storing the data acquired; S3, performing evaluation, statistics and comprehensive analysis on the stored monitoring data; and S4, emitting an early warning regulation and control signal when abnormality exists in the monitoring data. In the method of the present invention, the early warning signal is automatically emitted when problems arise in some monitoring index, then the related technology personnel can perform timely improvement on the arisen problems, so as to realize a real-time regulation and control in the whole course of the tobacco leaf production. In addition, the method of the present invention can provide relevant basis for timely update of a technical standard system by performing statistics and comprehensive analysis on the evaluated data, therefore the method and the system in the present invention are of greater value to promote level of tobacco leaf production management and quality of the tobacco leaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production and system, belong to the leaf tobacco production field.
Background technology
Leaf tobacco production is an important step of cigarette industry development, how to produce steady quality, continues to satisfy the sound tobacco that cigarette industry requires, and be the problem that tobacco grower and enterprise pay close attention to always.Traditional leaf tobacco production process generally all is that the single knowhow that relies on the tobacco grower is operated.Though in recent years both at home and abroad by advanced management philosophy such as total quality control, GAP, set up based on the quality of tobacco traceability system of management layer etc., castering action has preferably been played in process management to leaf tobacco production.But these methods, can not carry out the real-time monitoring management to leaf tobacco production whole process, can not when going wrong, in time remind the related personnel, problem is improved, and also can't provide relevant foundation to upgrading in time of technical standard system, thereby can not obtain abundant amount, steady quality, availability sound tobacco high, that meet the cigarette industry requirement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production and system are provided, it can carry out the real-time monitoring management to leaf tobacco production whole process, when going wrong, in time remind person skilled, problem is improved, and can provide relevant foundation to upgrading in time of technical standard system, so the present invention has higher value to promoting the leaf tobacco production management level and improving the leaf tobacco production quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: the omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production may further comprise the steps:
S1, the monitor control index system that the omnidistance quality monitoring of foundation/modification leaf tobacco production is used;
S2 is according to corresponding monitor data of monitor control index system collection and storage;
S3, to the monitor data of being stored estimate, statistics and analysis-by-synthesis;
S4 when monitor data exists when unusual, sends the early warning adjustment signal.
Step S1 also comprises:
Formulate monitoring scheme, mainly comprise definite monitor stages, monitoring project, monitor control index; Formulate evaluation criterion, evaluation method; Formulate monitor message feedback, regulation and control scheme issue, enforcement and scrutiny program; Formulate all kinds of record forms and record, statistical method; Formulate systems such as relevant inspection, responsibility investigation, rewards and punishments.
The partition of classifying generally is the unit with the county, is main foundation with cigarette district ecological condition, and the output and quality situation of tobacco leaf is a factor, is divided into 3-5 type area.
Determining monitored space, is the unit with the type area, selects can represent the cigarette district of (not being best) the type, plants the 8-10% that the cigarette area accounts for the type area.A general type area is established a monitored space, also can establish two cigarette districts.Do not have big variation, monitored space is generally constant, to keep its continuity, is convenient to compare between year.
The monitored space basic condition is transferred survey, mainly comprise boundary administrative region, monitored space position, ecological condition, social and economic condition, peasant household's basic condition, production scale, peasant household's classification.
Determine the control point: peasant household is classified, and preceding 20% as category-A, and back 20% as the C class, remains to be category-B.Select peasant household as the control point on the basis of peasant household classification, as the main foundation of selecting peasant household, peasant household's number of every class peasant household accounts for the 5-10% of such peasant household's sum, pays special attention to the representativeness of peasant household with leaf tobacco production level, scale, tobacco grower's quality.
For the ease of monitoring, character and workplace according to different operations, the present invention is divided into 8 stages with the overall process of leaf tobacco production: make preparation for ploughing and sowing, grow seedlings, transplanting, field management, maturation adopt roasting, classification is sold, purchase accumulating, marketing processing, and successively each stage is launched monitoring.
Described monitor control index system comprises in above-mentioned 8 stages 44 monitored item purposes totally 823 monitor control indexs, wherein said monitoring project is meant, the state of each workflow of each monitor stages and cigarette strain (tobacco leaf), environment, monitor control index are in order to characterize workflow task implementation status, cigarette strain (tobacco leaf) state and environmental aspect.
Among the step S2, the corresponding monitor data of described collection refers to the requirement according to embodiment official hour and monitoring method, and each index of each project in each stage is measured timely, and measurement result in time reports or regularly reports by the regulation of scheme.
Among the step S3, described to the monitor data evaluation of being stored be meant according to predefined evaluation criterion to this monitor data give a mark or appraise and choose excellent good in difference etc., evaluation criterion wherein is to bring in constant renewal in perfect according to quality of tobacco of producing over the years.
Among the step S4, describedly, monitor data is meant unusually when estimating and sends the early warning adjustment signal when there is bigger difference in data after handling with the monitoring normal data that the prompting person skilled is carried out searching of reason and improved when existing.Wherein, the monitoring normal data is that the monitor staff sums up through long-term evaluation, constantly revises and upgrades the data that draw.
In the omnidistance quality control method of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, described method also comprises: the data file of regularly publishing statistics and analysis-by-synthesis, be convenient to the correlation circumstance that the technician grasps the monitored space leaf tobacco production, thereby continue to keep the achievement pairing behave of index preferably, and propose new behave and improve the index that goes wrong.
In the omnidistance quality control method of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, described method also comprises: the data according to statistics and analysis-by-synthesis predict yield of tobacco then, thereby help the formulation in advance and the enforcement of other productions and purchase scheme.
In the omnidistance quality control method of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, the corresponding monitor data of the described collection of step S2 comprises: utilize online electrical form to carry out the online acquisition monitor data or carry out off-line acquisition monitoring data by derivation/importing electronic form file.
In the omnidistance quality control method of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, described method also comprises: show the good and bad situation of corresponding evaluating data with the form of Online Map, be convenient to the grasp leaf tobacco production correlation circumstance of person skilled quicklook.
In the omnidistance quality control method of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, described method also comprises: monitor datas such as the data of the inherent composition of cigarette strain growth and development state over the years, tobacco leaf preserved, technical management link and map data are inquired about in real time and contrasted.
Realize the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of a kind of leaf tobacco production of preceding method, it comprises:
The index system administration module is used to set up/revise the monitor control index system that the omnidistance quality monitoring of leaf tobacco production is used;
Data acquisition module is used for according to the corresponding monitor data of monitor control index system collection;
Data memory module is used to store the monitor data of being gathered;
The data evaluation module is used for the monitor data of being stored is estimated;
Statistical analysis module is used for the data of estimating after handling are added up and analysis-by-synthesis;
The early warning module is used for existing when unusual when monitor data, sends the early warning adjustment signal.
For the ease of monitoring, according to the character and the workplace of different operations, the present invention is divided into 8 stages with the overall process of leaf tobacco production: make preparation for ploughing and sowing, grow seedlings, transplanting, field management, maturation adopt roasting, classification is sold, purchase accumulating, marketing processing.
In the index system administration module, described monitor control index comprises in above-mentioned 8 stages 44 monitored item purposes totally 823 monitor control indexs, wherein said monitoring project is meant, the state of each workflow of each monitor stages and cigarette strain (tobacco leaf), environment, monitor control index are meant in order to characterize the sign of workflow task implementation status, cigarette strain (tobacco leaf) state, environmental aspect.Adjust the monitor control index system in next year after the user can monitor end-of-job in year according to actual needs, the index system administration module is responsible for storing the monitor control index system in a plurality of years.
In the data acquisition module, collection be the monitor data in work at present year.
In the data memory module, storage be work at present year and monitor data over the years.
In the data evaluation module, described to the monitor data evaluation of being stored be meant according to predefined evaluation criterion to this monitor data give a mark or appraise and choose excellent good in difference etc., evaluation criterion wherein is to bring in constant renewal in perfect according to quality of tobacco of producing over the years.
In the early warning module, there is bigger difference in the described data that are meant unusually after evaluation is handled that exist when monitor data with the monitoring normal data, at this moment send the early warning adjustment signal, and the prompting person skilled is carried out searching of reason and improved.Wherein, the monitoring normal data is that the monitor staff sums up through long-term evaluation, constantly revises and upgrades the data that draw.
In the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, also comprise:
Release module, be used to regularly publish the data file of statistics and analysis-by-synthesis, be convenient to the correlation circumstance that the technician grasps the monitored space leaf tobacco production, thereby continue keep the achievement pairing behave of index preferably, and propose new behave and improve the index that goes wrong.
In the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, also comprise:
The recovery prediction module is used for according to the data of statistics and analysis-by-synthesis yield of tobacco then being predicted, thereby helps the formulation in advance and the enforcement of other productions and purchase scheme.
In the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, described data acquisition module utilizes online electrical form to carry out the online acquisition monitor data or carries out off-line acquisition monitoring data by derivation/importing electronic form file.
In the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, also comprise: electric map module, be used for showing the good and bad situation of corresponding evaluating data with the form of Online Map, be convenient to the grasp leaf tobacco production correlation circumstance of person skilled quicklook.
In the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of aforesaid a kind of leaf tobacco production, also comprise:
Real-time enquiry module is used for monitor datas such as the data of the inherent composition of cigarette strain growth and development state over the years, tobacco leaf preserved, technical management link and map data are inquired about in real time and contrasted.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is based on the relevant monitor control index system of leaf tobacco production, by collection and storage to the relevant monitor data of leaf tobacco production, and monitor data is estimated processing, make and when certain monitor control index goes wrong, send the early warning adjustment signal automatically, the related personnel just can improve timely to the problem that occurs, thereby realized real-time monitoring management to leaf tobacco production whole process, in addition, the present invention is by adding up and analysis-by-synthesis the data of estimating after handling, can provide relevant foundation for upgrading in time of technical standard system, and then better leaf tobacco production whole process is monitored, make finally to obtain abundant amount, steady quality, availability is high, meet the sound tobacco that cigarette industry requires.Secondly, regularly will add up among the present invention and the data file of analysis-by-synthesis is distributed to person skilled, be convenient to the correlation circumstance that it grasps tobacco leaf in monitored space, thereby continue to keep the achievement pairing behave of index preferably, and propose new behave and improve the index that goes wrong.Once more, according to statistical data analysis yield of tobacco is then predicted among the present invention, thereby helped the formulation in advance and the enforcement of schemes such as production of cigarettes, tobacco leaf allotment.At last, the present invention is convenient to the leaf tobacco production situation of the grasp monitored space of person skilled quicklook with the corresponding evaluating data in form display monitoring district of online electrical form.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of a kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral: 1-index system administration module, 2-data acquisition module, 3-data memory module, 4-data evaluation module, 5-statistical analysis module, 6-early warning module, 7-release module, 8-recovery prediction module, 9-electric map module, the real-time enquiry module of 10-.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: the omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production may further comprise the steps:
S1, the monitor control index system that the omnidistance quality monitoring of foundation/modification leaf tobacco production is used;
S2 is according to corresponding monitor data of monitor control index system collection and storage;
S3, to the monitor data of being stored estimate, statistics and analysis-by-synthesis;
S4 when monitor data exists when unusual, sends the early warning adjustment signal.
Described step S1 comprises,
At first formulate monitoring scheme, mainly comprise definite monitor stages, monitoring project, monitor control index; Formulate evaluation criterion, evaluation method; Formulate monitor message feedback, regulation and control scheme issue, enforcement and scrutiny program; Formulate all kinds of record forms and record, statistical method; Formulate systems such as relevant inspection, responsibility investigation, rewards and punishments.
Next partition of classifying generally is the unit with the county, is main foundation with cigarette district ecological condition, and the output and quality situation of tobacco leaf is a factor, is divided into 3-5 type area.
Being to determine monitored space once more, is the unit with the type area, selects can represent the cigarette district of (not being best) the type, plants the 8-10% that the cigarette area accounts for the type area.A general type area is established a monitored space, also can establish two cigarette districts.Do not have big variation, monitored space generally becomes, and to keep its continuity, is convenient to compare between year.The monitored space basic condition is transferred survey, mainly comprise boundary administrative region, monitored space position, ecological condition, social and economic condition, peasant household's basic condition, production scale, peasant household's classification.
Be to determine the control point at last: peasant household is classified, and preceding 20% as category-A, and back 20% remains the class into C as the C class.Select peasant household as the control point on the basis of peasant household classification, as the main foundation of selecting peasant household, peasant household's number of every class peasant household accounts for the 5-10% of such peasant household's sum, pays special attention to the representativeness of peasant household with leaf tobacco production level, scale, tobacco grower's quality.
For the ease of monitoring, character and workplace according to different operations, the present invention is divided into 8 stages with the overall process of leaf tobacco production: make preparation for ploughing and sowing, grow seedlings, transplanting, field management, maturation adopt roasting, classification is sold, purchase accumulating, marketing processing, successively each stage is carried out monitoring.
Described monitor control index system comprises in above-mentioned 8 stages 44 monitored item purposes totally 823 monitor control indexs, wherein said monitoring project is meant, the state of each workflow of each monitor stages and cigarette strain (tobacco leaf), environment, monitor control index refer in order to characterize the sign of workflow task implementation status, cigarette strain (tobacco leaf) state, environmental aspect.
Among the step S2, the corresponding monitor data of described collection refers to the requirement according to embodiment official hour and monitoring method, and each index of each project in each stage is measured timely, and measurement result in time reports or regularly reports by the regulation of scheme.
Among the step S3, described to the monitor data evaluation of being stored be meant according to predefined evaluation criterion to this monitor data give a mark or appraise and choose excellent good in difference etc., evaluation criterion wherein is to bring in constant renewal in perfect according to quality of tobacco of producing over the years.
According to the requirement of " high-quality tobacco comprehensive standard system ",, the different project indicators is divided into four class respectively in the different time: good, normality, inferior normality, abnormal in conjunction with the achievement and the practical experience of scientific research.
First grade (well): be in good above state.
Second grade (normality): be in normal condition or reach requirement, though there is indivedual shortcomings place not influence overall status.
Third gear (inferior normality): be in normal condition substantially or reach requirement substantially, there is certain harmful effect at indivedual shortcoming places to overall status, can take measures to be improved.
Fourth speed (abnormal): pathosis occurs or do not reach requirement, there is harmful effect at the shortcoming place or will causes adverse consequences to the next stage overall status, is difficult to take measures improve.
In order in evaluation, to know the secondary from the primary, real to go out emphasis, to the size of cigarette strain tobacco leaf this season influence, to the effect of illness that has not attacked the vital organs of the human body flue-cured tobacco state, the in addition improved difficulty or ease of taking measures, take all factors into consideration the detection index be divided three classes according to different indexs:
General class: index itself is not obvious or characterize not obvious and other combined factors effects of the state of flue-cured tobacco and can cause obvious influence to the influence of flue-cured tobacco this season, perhaps causes harmful effect to long-range, the coming year needs in addition improved.
The emphasis class: index has a tangible influence to flue-cured tobacco is current, can take measures to be improved, and perhaps the state to the illness that has not attacked the vital organs of the human body flue-cured tobacco has more significantly effect.
Core classes: index has very big influence to flue-cured tobacco is current with this season, can take measures to be improved, and perhaps the flue-cured tobacco this season is had tangible influence, is difficult to take measures to be improved, and perhaps the state that characterizes flue-cured tobacco is had direct effect.
Among the step S3, described evaluation comprises individual event evaluation and comprehensive evaluation, the individual event evaluation is meant: only to emphasis class and core classes district the 4th, the third gear index makes special description and evaluation, for regulation and control provide foundation, and evaluation means can adopt marking or appraise and choose excellent poor in good; Comprehensive evaluation is meant respectively carries out comprehensive evaluation to ecologic environment, production technology, tobacco leaf (cigarette strain) state, the weight that the evaluation class score of ecologic environment, production technology, tobacco leaf (cigarette strain) each single index of state (mark or good in poor) be multiply by by index classification is the single index score, whole single indexs that add up get integrate score separately, and integrate score is divided into four grades: good, qualified (normally), substantially qualified (normal substantially), defective (undesired).
Among the step S3, add up and measure that analysis-by-synthesis is taked is: being big unit with the county, is middle unit with monitored space, is junior unit with peasant household's type, is elementary cell with each peasant household, and tabulating unit is a mu, carries out one-level statistics and secondary and adds up.
The one-level statistics comprises:
Each class area gathers and monitors the piece rating of project various places and gather in each index of each peasant household;
Each class area gathers and monitors the piece rating of project various places and gather in each each index of type peasant household;
Each class area gathers and monitors the piece rating of project various places and gather in each index of each monitored space;
Each county monitors gathering of each class area of family and monitors the piece rating of project various places and gather.
The secondary statistics comprises:
(1), farming operation index (not comprising the index that will measure):
Each class area accounts for the percent of the total area and the percent that each class rating area of monitoring project accounts for the total area in each index of each peasant household;
Each class area accounts for the percent of the total area and the percent that each class rating area of monitoring project accounts for the total area in each each index of type peasant household;
Each class area accounts for the percent of the total area and the percent that each class rating area of monitoring project accounts for the total area in each index of each monitored space;
Each class area accounts for the percent of the total area and the percent that each class rating area of monitoring project accounts for the total area in each each index of monitoring family, county.
(2), growing process index:
The weighted mean date of each block area of each peasant household breeding time and the earliest date, date the latest;
The arithmetic mean date of each plot of each type peasant household breeding time and the earliest date, date the latest;
The arithmetic mean date of each plot of each monitored space breeding time and the earliest date, date the latest;
The arithmetic mean date of each plot, monitoring family, each county breeding time and the earliest date, date the latest.
(3), the index that will measure;
Every mu of average of the weighting of always planting the cigarette area of each metering item of each peasant household and maximum number, minimum number;
Every mu of average of the weighting of always planting the cigarette area of each metering item of each type peasant household and maximum number, minimum number;
Every mu of average of the weighting of always planting the cigarette area of each metering item of each monitored space and maximum number, minimum number;
Every mu of average of the weighting of always planting the cigarette area of each each metering item of monitoring family, county and maximum number, minimum number.
(4), disease generation date, dispenser, date, number of times etc. are filled in by former table.
(5), growth conditions index:
Each index of each peasant household is calculated the average in each plot and is always planted the average of cigarette area, sample standard deviation (δ n-1);
Each each index of type peasant household is calculated the average in each plot and is always planted the average of cigarette area, standard deviation (δ n-1);
Each index of each monitored space is calculated the average in each plot and is always planted the average of cigarette area, standard deviation (δ n-1);
Average, standard deviation (δ n-1) that each each index of monitoring family, county is calculated the average in each plot and always planted the cigarette area.
(6), yield and output value index:
Calculate each peasant household's total production, per mu yield, upper tobacco leaf output %, middle part yield of tobacco %, lower tobacco leaf output %; The gross output value, per mu yield value;
Calculate each average total production of type peasant household, per mu yield, upper tobacco leaf output %, middle part yield of tobacco %, lower tobacco leaf output %; The gross output value, per mu yield value;
Calculate monitored space peasant household weighted mean total production, per mu yield, upper tobacco leaf output %, middle part yield of tobacco %, lower tobacco leaf output %; The gross output value, per mu yield value, and and the actual number of the monitored space whole district compare;
Calculate the average total production in monitoring family, the whole county, per mu yield, upper tobacco leaf output %.
(7), quality index:
Calculate each peasant household's average price, first-class cigarette %, medium grade cigarette %, descend cigarette % such as low; Wait until cigarette % on the first-class cigarette % in top, the middle part;
Calculate each average average price of type peasant household, first-class cigarette %, medium grade cigarette %, descend cigarette % such as low; Wait until cigarette % on the first-class cigarette % in top, the middle part;
Calculate monitored space peasant household weighted mean average price, first-class cigarette %, medium grade cigarette %, descend cigarette % such as low; Wait until cigarette % on the first-class cigarette % in top, the middle part;
And and the actual number of the monitored space whole district compare.
Calculate the average average price in monitoring family, the whole county, first-class cigarette %, medium grade cigarette %, descend cigarette % such as low; Wait until cigarette % on the first-class cigarette % in top, the middle part.
(8), physiology and change index:
Calculate each position mean value of monitored space peasant household, maximal value, minimum value;
Calculate each position mean value of whole county peasant household, maximal value, minimum value.
(9), tobacco leaf chemical composition:
Calculate each position mean value of monitored space peasant household, maximal value, minimum value;
Calculate each position mean value of monitoring family, maximal value, minimum value.
(10), climate-index:
Beginning to the end of gathering from transplanting, is unit mapping with the time, comprises real-valued time change curve in time change curve, this year of long-time average annual value, the time change curve of last year.
Among the step S4, there is bigger difference in the described data that are meant unusually after evaluation is handled that exist when monitor data with the monitoring normal data, at this moment send early warning signal, and the prompting person skilled is carried out searching of reason and improved.Wherein, the monitoring normal data is that the monitor staff sums up through long-term evaluation, constantly revises and upgrades the data that draw.
Described method also comprises: the data file of regularly publishing statistics and analysis-by-synthesis, be convenient to the correlation circumstance that the technician grasps the monitored space leaf tobacco production, thereby continue to keep the achievement pairing behave of index preferably, and propose new behave and improve the index that goes wrong.Monitored space, stand, the center is according to analyzing and assessment result, and is regularly with different levels or issue monitor message in time; That need take regulation measure will decide through consultation regulation and control scheme, and issues simultaneously with monitor message.The requirement of the issue of monitor message is: information is timely, reliable, science is wanted in analysis, measure is feasible.Set form is adopted in the issue of monitor message, generally comprises: literary composition head, title, preface, monitoring live telecast, trend analysis and regulation measure six parts.
Described method also comprises: according to the statistics and the data of analysis-by-synthesis yield of tobacco is then predicted, thereby helped the formulation in advance and the enforcement of other productions and purchase scheme, wherein yield of tobacco is carried out the measure that forecasting institute takes and be:
One, prediction sampling point:
Each family monitoring tobacco grower of each control point is a prediction sampling point.
Two, plant the cigarette area:
1, plans area: report area to be as the criterion for the last time before planting with each family monitoring tobacco grower.
2, contract area: with written long-pending being as the criterion of formal contract of the last signing of each family monitoring tobacco grower.
3, transplant area:
(1) tobacco grower transplants area from newspaper: transplant and finish the transplanting area of each family monitoring tobacco grower of back from newspaper.
(2) measured area: the total amount (soil in or trench drain field in should count area in) of the cigarette ground block-by-block of tobacco grower's transplanting with the area of tape measure (or other gage measurings) actual measurement monitored at each family.
(3) tobacco grower transplants the strain number from newspaper: transplant and finish the transplanting strain number (do not comprise transplanting after be short of seedling mend plant number) of each family monitoring tobacco grower of back from newspaper.
(4) actual measurement strain number: two kinds of method options are a kind of:
1. the total amount of the cigarette seedling number (performing record) of meter transplanting is counted on every cigarette ground of each family monitoring tobacco grower transplanting line by line.
2. each family monitoring tobacco grower measures the line-spacing and the spacing in the rows on every cigarette ground earlier by the regulation of sampling; The area number of actual measurement again, what be converted to this piece cigarette ground plants cigarette strain number (performing record).Again each piece strain number is gathered.
Three, cigarette strain growing way grade classification:
Before the pin leaf was gathered, every cigarette ground to each family monitoring tobacco grower carried out cigarette strain growing way grade classification, and to every block of cigarette be numbered registration.Generally be divided into Three Estate: a class: cigarette strain growing way is good; Two classes: cigarette strain growing way is medium; Three classes: cigarette strain growing way difference.Add up the total area of these tobacco grower's three class cigarette strain growing ways respectively.
Four, determining of sampling spot:
In each family monitoring tobacco grower's three class cigarette ground, from each class cigarette ground, choose the representational cigarette of 2-3 piece ground as sampling spot, three classification cigarette ground are sampling cigarette ground in 6-8 piece cigarette ground altogether.
In each sampling plot, according to the capable length of cigarette, choose the capable cigarette of representational 1-2, capable as the sampling cigarette, Mining receives tobacco leaf for sampling.
Five, the Mining of sample cigarette receives and baking:
A) sampling point: before pin leaf Mining receives, but the individual plant Mining receipts number of sheets (choose representational cigarette strain 10-20 strain and measure record) all must be measured in each sampling plot, according to measurement result, determines sampling point.But with Mining receive the number of sheets evenly be divided into down, in, last three positions, take in Cheng Jinhang sampling Mining and receive from going up Mining according to the tobacco grower down: sampling leaf position is the center with the middle leaf position at each position, up and down each a slice.It is 21 that but for example average individual plant Mining receives leaf, is divided into three positions, these 7 at each position, and the central value of bottom leaf is the 4th, each a slice up and down, it is the 3-5 sheet that sampling Mining receives; Same calculating, it is the 10-12 sheet that middle leaf sampling Mining receives, it is the 17-19 sheet that upper leaf sampling Mining receives.
B) Mining receives baking: Mining and carries out when tobacco grower Mining receives this cigarette ground, this position tobacco leaf between the time receiving.Mining receives the tobacco leaf total amount will guarantee to tie up foot two bar cigarettes.Mining receives tobacco leaf will break into Bundles, hangs up label, and performs mark, indicates that plot, growing way classification, position, Mining receive the date, prevent to make a mistake.After tobacco leaf was tied up bar, two bar sample cigarettes all will hang over label on the tobacco rod securely, prevent to come off.The tobacco leaf that ties up and with the baking of putting together of the tobacco leaf of plot.
Six, the single leaf of branch's position-finding is heavy:
After each position sample cigarette baking finishes, take out the normal moisture regain sample cigarette of a heatable brick bed down.Write down plot, growing way classification, position, Mining receipts date etc. by label, more every bar sample cigarette has been counted clear sheet numbers respectively, weigh respectively (being accurate to gram) performs record.Two bar sample cigarettes are as twice repetition.It is heavy to calculate single leaf by following formula:
The number of blade (sheet) of weight (g)/one bar cigarette of Dan Yechong=bar cigarette
Tobacco leaf after the mensuration takes good care of, and is equipped with to make chemical examination and other usefulness.
Seven, output estimation:
1, each average single leaf re-computation in sampling each position, cigarette ground:
The average single leaf in position is heavy=(same position repeat 1 single leaf heavy+that 2 single leaves are repeated at same position is heavy)/2
2, the single leaf re-computation in each position, each growing way type cigarette ground:
The average single leaf in growing way type position is heavy=(first the average single leaf in position heavy+second average single leaf in position is heavy)/2
3, each position leaf-making quantity estimation of each growing way type cigarette ground:
The single leaf of certain class bottom leaf-making quantity=certain class bottom Ye Pingjun weight * bottom leaf number of blade (see before face the 5th)
The average single leaf weight * middle leaf number of blade of certain class middle leaf output=certain class middle leaf (see before face the 5th)
The average single leaf weight * upper leaf number of blade of certain class upper leaf output=certain class upper leaf (see before face the 5th)
4, each growing way type cigarette ground single plant yield estimation:
Certain type single plant yield=certain class bottom leaf-making quantity+certain class middle leaf output+certain class upper leaf output
5, each growing way type cigarette ground per mu yield estimation:
The average mu of certain type per mu yield=certain type single plant yield * certain type is transplanted strain number (face second 3 (4) sees before)
6, each growing way type cigarette ground total production estimation:
Certain type cigarette ground total production=certain type per mu yield * certain type area number (see before face the 3rd)
7, peasant household's total production and per mu yield estimation:
Certain peasant household's total production=certain peasant household's one class cigarette total production+certain peasant household's two class cigarette total production+certain peasant household's three class cigarette total production
The real area (seeing the 3rd 2) of planting of certain peasant household's per mu yield=certain peasant household's total production/certain peasant household
8, peasant household's classification per mu yield estimation:
Add up all kinds of peasant households per mu yield respectively by peasant household's classification (A, B, C)
9, monitored space recovery prediction:
The cigarette area is always planted by category-A peasant household total production=category-A peasant household per mu yield * category-A peasant household
The cigarette area is always planted by category-B peasant household total production=category-B peasant household per mu yield * category-B peasant household
The cigarette area is always planted by C class peasant household total production=C class peasant household per mu yield * C class peasant household
Monitored space total production=category-A peasant household total production+category-B peasant household total production+C class peasant household total production
The corresponding monitor data of the described collection of step S2 comprises: utilize online electrical form to carry out the online acquisition monitor data or carry out off-line acquisition monitoring data by derivation/importing electronic form file, overcome traditional form and come the shortcoming of acquisition monitoring data, made things convenient for technician's acquisition monitoring data rapidly and efficiently with tabulation or tree structure.
Described method also comprises:
Show the good and bad situation of corresponding evaluating data with the form of Online Map, be convenient to the grasp leaf tobacco production correlation circumstance of person skilled quicklook.The monitoring range at monitored space and place, control point is made into electronic chart, on map, mark the title of monitored space, control point, with green, blue, yellow, red represent respectively different monitoring stage statistical summaries data excellent, good, in, differential levels, make things convenient for monitor staff's quicklook to grasp the evaluation situation of Monitoring Data, can further click at data not up to standard and to check that its details analyze reason, find out the reply regulation measure.
Described method also comprises:
Monitor datas such as the data of the inherent composition of cigarette strain growth and development state over the years, tobacco leaf preserved, technical management link and map data are inquired about in real time and contrasted.
Realize the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of a kind of leaf tobacco production of said method, as shown in Figure 2, it comprises:
Index system administration module 1 is used to set up/revise the monitor control index system of the omnidistance quality monitoring of leaf tobacco production;
The omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of described leaf tobacco production is a kind of information support system of inventing in order to realize preceding method: system design is an open system, can adjust monitoring and evaluation index according to actual needs; System sets up system database, and the data of complete documentation cigarette strain over the years growth and development state, the inherent composition of tobacco leaf, technical management link and map data etc. can realize inquiry in real time and contrast at interior monitor data; According to the relation of each monitoring and evaluation index and quality of tobacco, abnormal data is sent the early warning adjustment signal.
For the ease of monitoring, according to the character and the workplace of different operations, the present invention is divided into 8 stages with the overall process of leaf tobacco production: make preparation for ploughing and sowing, grow seedlings, transplanting, field management, maturation adopt roasting, classification is sold, purchase accumulating, marketing processing.
In the index system administration module 1, described monitor control index comprises in above-mentioned 8 stages 44 monitored item purposes totally 823 monitor control indexs, wherein said monitoring project is meant, the state of each workflow of each monitor stages and cigarette strain (tobacco leaf), environment, monitor control index are meant in order to characterize the sign of workflow task implementation status, cigarette strain (tobacco leaf) state, environmental aspect.Adjust the monitor control index system in next year after the user can monitor end-of-job in year according to actual needs, the index system administration module is responsible for storing the monitor control index system in a plurality of years.
In the data acquisition module 2, collection be the monitor data in work at present year.
In the data memory module 3, storage be work at present year and monitor data over the years.
In the data evaluation module 4, described to the monitor data evaluation of being stored be meant according to predefined evaluation criterion to this monitor data give a mark or appraise and choose excellent good in difference etc., evaluation criterion wherein is to bring in constant renewal in perfect according to quality of tobacco of producing over the years.
According to the requirement of " high-quality tobacco comprehensive standard system ",, the different project indicators is divided into four class respectively in the different time: good, normality, inferior normality, abnormal in conjunction with the achievement and the practical experience of scientific research.
First grade (well): be in good above state.
Second grade (normality): be in normal condition or reach requirement, though there is indivedual shortcomings place not influence overall status.
Third gear (inferior normality): be in normal condition substantially or reach requirement substantially, there is certain harmful effect at indivedual shortcoming places to overall status, can take measures to be improved.
Fourth speed (abnormal): pathosis occurs or do not reach requirement, there is harmful effect at the shortcoming place or will causes adverse consequences to the next stage overall status, is difficult to take measures improve.
In order in evaluation, to know the secondary from the primary, real to go out emphasis, to the size of cigarette strain tobacco leaf this season influence, to the effect of illness that has not attacked the vital organs of the human body flue-cured tobacco state, the in addition improved difficulty or ease of taking measures, take all factors into consideration the detection index be divided three classes according to different indexs:
General class: index itself is not obvious or characterize not special and other combined factors effects of the state of flue-cured tobacco and can cause obvious influence to the influence of flue-cured tobacco this season, perhaps causes harmful effect to long-range, the coming year needs in addition improved.
The emphasis class: index has a tangible influence to flue-cured tobacco is current, can take measures to be improved, and perhaps the state to the illness that has not attacked the vital organs of the human body flue-cured tobacco has more significantly effect.
Core classes: index has very big influence to flue-cured tobacco is current with this season, can take measures to be improved, and perhaps the flue-cured tobacco this season is had tangible influence, is difficult to take measures to be improved, and perhaps the state that characterizes flue-cured tobacco is had direct effect.
In the data evaluation module 4, described evaluation comprises individual event evaluation and comprehensive evaluation, the individual event evaluation is meant: only to emphasis class and core classes district the 4th, the third gear index makes special description and evaluation, for regulation and control provide foundation, and evaluation means can adopt marking or appraise and choose excellent poor in good; Comprehensive evaluation is meant respectively carries out comprehensive evaluation to ecologic environment, production technology, tobacco leaf (cigarette strain) state, the weight that the evaluation class score of ecologic environment, production technology, tobacco leaf (cigarette strain) each single index of state (mark or good in poor) be multiply by by index classification is the single index score, whole single indexs that add up get integrate score separately, and integrate score is divided into four grades: good, qualified (normally), substantially qualified (normal substantially), defective (undesired).
In the early warning module 6, there is bigger difference in the described data that are meant unusually after evaluation is handled that exist when monitor data with the monitoring normal data, at this moment send early warning signal, and the prompting person skilled is carried out searching of reason and improved.Wherein, the monitoring normal data is that the monitor staff sums up through long-term evaluation, constantly revises and upgrades the data that draw.
Described system also comprises:
Described system also comprises:
Described data acquisition module 2 utilizes online electrical form to carry out the online acquisition monitor data or carries out off-line acquisition monitoring data by derivation/importing electronic form file, overcome traditional form and come the shortcoming of acquisition monitoring data, made things convenient for technician's acquisition monitoring data rapidly and efficiently with tabulation or tree structure.
Described system also comprises:
Described system also comprises:
Real-time enquiry module 10 is used for monitor datas such as the data of the inherent composition of cigarette strain growth and development state over the years, tobacco leaf preserved, technical management link and map data are inquired about in real time and contrasted.
The workflow of a kind of embodiment of the present invention: (as shown in Figure 1)
S1, the monitor control index system that the omnidistance quality monitoring of foundation/modification leaf tobacco production is used;
S2 is according to corresponding monitor data of monitor control index system collection and storage;
S3, to the monitor data of being stored estimate, statistics and analysis-by-synthesis;
S4 when monitor data exists when unusual, sends the early warning adjustment signal.
The example explanation: the omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production comprises:
One, set up the index system of necessary for monitoring by the index system administration module, specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) divides the monitoring period
For the ease of monitoring,, the production overall process is divided into 8 stages according to the character and the workplace of different operations: make preparation for ploughing and sowing, grow seedlings, transplanting, field management, maturation adopt roasting, classification is sold, purchase accumulating, marketing processing.
(2) determine the monitoring project
The monitoring project is the state of each monitoring each workflow of period and cigarette strain (tobacco leaf), environment.Totally 44 of the monitoring projects in 8 stages.
(3) determine monitor control index
Monitor control index is in order to characterize the sign of workflow task implementation status, cigarette strain (tobacco leaf) state, environmental aspect.8 stages, 44 monitoring projects had 823 monitor control indexs.
(4) set up evaluation criterion
At different monitored spaces, even same index has identical value, in appraisement system, also have different scores, this is to set up at different guarded regions by the evaluation criterion administration module.
(5) determine monitored space
Generally being the unit with the county, is main foundation with cigarette district ecological condition, and the output and quality situation of tobacco leaf is a factor, is divided into 3-5 type area.
With the type area is the unit, selects can represent the cigarette district of (not being best) the type, plants the 8-10% that the cigarette area accounts for the type area.
A general type area is established a monitored space, also can establish two cigarette districts.Do not have big variation, monitored space generally becomes, and to keep its continuity, is convenient to compare between year.
The monitored space basic condition is transferred survey, mainly comprise boundary administrative region, monitored space position, ecological condition, social and economic condition, peasant household's basic condition, production scale, peasant household's classification.
(6) determine the control point
Select peasant household as the control point on the basis of peasant household classification, as the main foundation of selecting peasant household, peasant household's number of every class peasant household accounts for the 5-10% of such peasant household's sum, will note the representativeness of peasant household especially with leaf tobacco production level, scale, tobacco grower's quality.
(7) set up monitored object
Set up the monitored object such as seedbed, vega, barn of control point peasant household.
Two, utilize data acquisition module that the monitored space monitor data is gathered and utilize data memory module that the monitor data of gathering is stored
At different monitor stages, after the monitor staff can will need the data of the monitored object gathered to export as the Excel file according to preassigned form by the data acquisition module of system and print, carrying out data to scenes such as vega, barns makes a report on, be entered into again in the excel spreadsheet lattice after getting back to office, and once more lead in get back to system by data acquisition module the excel spreadsheet lattice file and be kept in the data memory module, thereby finish the work of data acquisition, the monitor data of also can online typing gathering.
Three, utilizing data evaluation module and statistical analysis module that the monitor data of gathering is estimated handles and statistical study
After monitoring data collection is finished, the monitor staff can estimate processing to the monitor data that collects according to the standards of grading of distributing to this monitored space, wherein said evaluation is handled and is comprised individual event evaluation and comprehensive evaluation, the individual event evaluation is meant: only to emphasis class and core classes the 4th, the third gear index makes special description and evaluation, for regulation and control provide foundation, and evaluation means can adopt marking or appraise and choose excellent poor in good; Comprehensive evaluation is meant respectively carries out comprehensive evaluation to ecologic environment, production technology, cigarette strain (tobacco leaf) state, the weight that the evaluation class score of ecologic environment, production technology, each single index of cigarette strain (tobacco leaf) state (mark or good in poor) be multiply by by index classification is the single index score, long-pending add whole single indexs and get separately integrate score, and integrate score is divided into four grades: good, qualified (normally), substantially qualified (normal substantially), defective (undesired).
Four, utilize the early warning module that the abnormal conditions of monitor control index are carried out early warning
Send early warning when there is bigger difference in the data after evaluation is handled with the monitoring normal data, the prompting person skilled is carried out searching of reason and is improved.Wherein, the monitoring normal data is that the monitor staff sums up through long-term evaluation, constantly revises and upgrades the data that draw.
Five, utilize release module to release news
Application server is regular will add up and the data file of analysis-by-synthesis is distributed to person skilled.
Six, recovery prediction
Application server predicts yield of tobacco then according to statistical data analysis, thereby helps the formulation in advance and the enforcement of other schemes.
Seven, electronic chart shows
The quality of utilizing electric map module to show the evaluating data of each monitored space with the form of electronic chart makes the leaf tobacco production situation of the grasp monitored space that the monitor staff can intuitive and convenient.
Eight, the inquiry of monitor data and contrast
Can inquire about in real time and contrast monitor datas such as the data that are kept at cigarette strain over the years (tobacco leaf) growth and development state data in the database server, the inherent compositional data of tobacco leaf, technical management link and picture informations according to conditions such as time or monitoring projects.
Claims (10)
1. the omnidistance quality control method of leaf tobacco production is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1, the monitor control index system that the omnidistance quality monitoring of foundation/modification leaf tobacco production is used;
S2 is according to corresponding monitor data of monitor control index system collection and storage;
S3, to the monitor data of being stored estimate, statistics and analysis-by-synthesis;
S4 when monitor data exists when unusual, sends the early warning adjustment signal.
2. the omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 1 is characterized in that described method also comprises: the data file of regularly publishing statistics and analysis-by-synthesis.
3. the omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described method also comprises: the data according to statistics and analysis-by-synthesis are predicted yield of tobacco then.
4. the omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the corresponding monitor data of the collection described in the step S2 comprises: utilize online electrical form to carry out the online acquisition monitor data or carry out off-line acquisition monitoring data by derivation/importing electronic form file.
5. the omnidistance quality control method of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 1 is characterized in that described method also comprises:
The good and bad situation that shows corresponding evaluating data with the form of Online Map.
6. realize the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of a kind of leaf tobacco production of the described method of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that it comprises: index system administration module (1) is used to set up/revise the monitor control index system that the omnidistance quality monitoring of leaf tobacco production is used;
Data acquisition module (2) is used for according to the corresponding monitor data of monitor control index system collection;
Data memory module (3) is used to store the monitor data of being gathered;
Data evaluation module (4) is used for the monitor data of being stored is estimated;
Statistical analysis module (5) is used for the data of estimating after handling are added up and analysis-by-synthesis;
Early warning module (6) is used for existing when unusual when monitor data, sends the early warning adjustment signal.
7. the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Release module (7) is used to regularly publish the data file of statistics and analysis-by-synthesis.
8. the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Recovery prediction module (8) is used for according to the data of statistics and analysis-by-synthesis yield of tobacco then being predicted.
9. the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described data acquisition module (2) utilizes online electrical form to carry out the online acquisition monitor data or carries out off-line acquisition monitoring data by derivation/importing electronic form file.
10. the omnidistance Quality Monitoring Control System of a kind of leaf tobacco production according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Electric map module (9) is used for showing with the form of Online Map the good and bad situation of corresponding evaluating data.
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