CN102084786A - Automatic vegetable cultivation and processing method - Google Patents
Automatic vegetable cultivation and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102084786A CN102084786A CN2010101763844A CN201010176384A CN102084786A CN 102084786 A CN102084786 A CN 102084786A CN 2010101763844 A CN2010101763844 A CN 2010101763844A CN 201010176384 A CN201010176384 A CN 201010176384A CN 102084786 A CN102084786 A CN 102084786A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic vegetable cultivation and processing method, comprising the following steps: a first conveying mechanism loaded with a seedling disc passes through an earth filling station, a hole drilling station, a seeding station, an earth covering station, a watering station and a seedling station; the second conveying mechanism loaded with a seedling disc passes through a stocking station after a seedling loosening station; at the stocking station, a single seedling with earth moves sequentially and directionally; a third conveying mechanism loaded with a planting basin sequentially passes through the earth filling station, an indentation, the stocking station and a planting station, and the planting basin sequentially contains seedlings with earth at the stocking station; a fourth conveying mechanism loaded with the planting basin passes through a harvesting station; and a fifth conveying mechanism loaded with harvested vegetables sequentially passes through a processing station and a packing station. The method combines the planting and growing characteristics of vegetables, and the vegetables are reasonably arranged at each of the stations which are connected through a plurality of conveying mechanisms, thereby forming a continuous working production line.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the growing vegetables technical field, particularly a kind of automation growing vegetables and processing method.
[background technology]
Existing growing vegetables industry, it mainly is static greenhouse gardening or the plantation of static ground, mainly adopts hand labor, auxiliary simple plant equipment.Because vegetables have self-sow cycle and characteristic, so its automaticity is low.
At present, the growing vegetables in booth or greenhouse, it preferably adopts the mode of part mechanized, has promptly realized watering automation, fertilising automation, transportation automation and harvesting automation, and wherein artificial auxiliary mode is adopted in the cooperation of each link.Because of the limitation of hand labor, caused to produce to have the many places bottleneck, compare traditional manual work, though productivity ratio has raising not satisfactory, can't adapt to current wilderness demand to vegetables.In addition, still there is the skimble-scamble defective of quality in existing vegetables.
[summary of the invention]
In order to solve existing technical problem, the invention provides a kind of automation growing vegetables and processing method, it utilizes continuous production line, each is produced station couples together, electronic operation with automation replaces traditional artificial work, increases substantially production efficiency and guarantees the uniformity of quality of vegetable.
The present invention solves existing technical problem, a kind of automation growing vegetables and processing method are provided, and this method comprises the steps: A: first conveying mechanism carries seedling-cultivating tray in proper order through dress geotechnique position, punching station, program request station, earthing station, the sprinkle water station and the station of growing seedlings; B: after steps A, second conveying mechanism carry described seedling-cultivating tray through loose seedling station to the station that plants seedlings, plant seedlings during station described, ball-plant strain monomer is directed in order to be moved; C: the 3rd conveying mechanism carry the plantation basin in proper order through dress bricklayer position, press cave station, described station and the plantation station of planting seedlings, plant seedlings during station described, the plantation basin is taken in the ball-plant strain in order; D: behind step C, the 4th conveying mechanism carries described plantation basin through the harvesting station, described then the 4th conveying mechanism carries harvested plantation basin and continues to move to the matrix treatments station, and simultaneously, harvested dish strain carries order through handling station and multiple package position through the 5th conveying mechanism.
The present invention further improves:
In steps A: seedling-cultivating tray is when dress geotechnique position, and the dress soil case of earth loader structure is opened, and the nutrition soil that holds in it falls in the described seedling-cultivating tray, and is through the strickle of described earth loader structure that the nutrition soil in the seedling-cultivating tray is floating then; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the punching station, and the card punch of perforating mechanism inserts nutrition soil, to form the hole, cave in nutrition soil; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the program request station, and the suction pipe of program request mechanism takes out seed in the seed groove, and moves to the cave Kong Chu of nutrition soil in the seedling-cultivating tray; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the earthing station, and the dress of casing mechanism soil case is opened, and the nutrition soil that holds in it falls in the described seedling-cultivating tray, and covers the hole, described cave with seed; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the watering station, and the nozzle of watering mechanism sprays the globule or water smoke on nutrition soil; Seedling-cultivating tray is placed in certain hour in the nursery when growing seedlings station, treat the seed rudiment and grow into certain specification;
In step B, seedling-cultivating tray is when loose seedling station, and the push rod of Song Miao mechanism penetrates from the bottom outlet of described seedling-cultivating tray, and push rod thrust makes the native ball of ball-plant strain in the seedling-cultivating tray loosening; Seedling-cultivating tray is when planting seedlings station, and seedling strain monomer is directed in order to be moved;
In step C: the plantation basin is when dress bricklayer position, and the dress mud box of mud filling machine structure is opened, and the earth that holds in it falls in the described plantation basin, and the earth that will plant in the basin through the strickle of described mud filling machine structure is floating then; The plantation basin presses the prominent mould in pressure cave of cave mechanism to insert earth, to form the hole, cave in earth when pressing the cave station; The plantation basin is when planting seedlings station, and hole, earth cave correspondence receives seedling strain soil ball in the plantation basin, and hole, earth cave correspondence is held seedling strain soil ball; The plantation basin is placed in certain hour in the plantation when the plantation station, treat that the dish strain grows into certain specification;
In step D: the plantation basin is when the harvesting station, and the clipper of harvesting mechanism leaves dish strain and the root portion of vegetables; Harvested plantation basin separates plantation basin and earth at the matrix treatments station; The dish strain is when handling station, and at first, the impurity on dish strain surface is removed in washing; Secondly, to dish strain disinfection; Then, dry up the moisture content on dish strain surface; The dish strain is passed through weighing successively, is gone into bag and encapsulation when multiple package position.
In step B, after the described earth process steam sterilization preliminary treatment, add base manure again, stir then; Described plantation basin also passes through the preliminary treatment of ozonization.
Described seedling-cultivating tray comprises chassis and grid; Described chassis comprises a plurality of guide grooves of orderly distribution, and described grid matches with described a plurality of guide grooves and forms hole, a plurality of cave.
Described plantation basin comprises an open containers, and described open containers comprises a plurality of sidewalls and coupled bottom; A plurality of osculums are set on described bottom; Carry the wheel body of described open containers in the arranged outside of described bottom.
Described plantation comprises a growing surface of tiltedly establishing, and is provided with from the high-end guide plate that extends to low side on this growing surface, is positioned at the postive stop baffle of low side and is positioned at the transfer bar mechanism in the high-end outside; Described plantation basin is at the sliding area that enters under the effect of described transfer bar mechanism between two guide plates, plants basin then and promptly slides to settling position in that the drive of wheel is following.
Described the 3rd conveying mechanism is arranged on the outside of described postive stop baffle, and after described postive stop baffle was removed, the plantation basin that is positioned at sliding area entered on the 3rd conveying mechanism in proper order.
When handling station, the 5th conveying mechanism carries the dish strain to enter first order current rinse bath, utilize washing away cleaning and the dish strain being moved to second level ultrasonic cleaner of current, filtering dish mechanism after the setting-up time fishes for the dish strain and is delivered in the third level ozone detoxicating groove, start blower mechanism at last, setting-up time and wind-force.
In the dish strain during to multiple package position, through induction electronic scale platform automatically, behind the quota weighing, be delivered to automatic induction packaging platform earlier, treat to send into after the branch collation package finishes and suddenly freeze precooling room, send into the freezer stock at last.
In step C, provide a seedling transplanter that the ball-plant strain is transferred to described plantation basin; This seedling transplanter comprises main body, also comprise be fixed in described main body be used for push away seedling mechanism with what the seedling strain in the seedling-cultivating tray moved to flexible dish; The interior seedling strain spacing of dish that is used for stretching stretches and the corresponding expansion contraposition mechanism in plantation hole, basin cave; And the seedling mechanism that falls that is used for the seedling strain is fallen into corresponding plantation hole, basin cave.
Compared to prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: plantation and growth characteristics in conjunction with vegetables, it rationally is arranged to each station, with a plurality of conveying mechanisms each station is connected then, thereby form a production line of working continuously.Adopt Production Line and management mode, the quality of vegetable that the present invention is produced is unified, and the production efficiency height satisfies the needs of victualization.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of automation growing vegetables of the present invention and processing method;
Fig. 2 is described automation growing vegetables and processing method one embodiment schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of described seedling-cultivating tray;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of described plantation basin;
Fig. 5 is seedling transplanter one structural representation;
Structural representation when Fig. 6 overlooks for Fig. 5 seedling transplanter;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of described flexible dish;
Fig. 8 is described flexible dish and described extension mechanism one fit structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of described implant bed.
[embodiment]
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with description of drawings and embodiment.
Extremely shown in Figure 9 as Fig. 1, a kind of automation growing vegetables and processing method, this method comprises the steps: A: first conveying mechanism carries seedling-cultivating tray, and process is adorned the geotechnique position in proper order, station, program request station, earthing station, the sprinkle water station and the station of growing seedlings punch; B: after steps A, second conveying mechanism carry seedling-cultivating tray through loose seedling station to the station that plants seedlings, when planting seedlings station, ball-plant strain monomer is in order directed to be moved; C: the 3rd conveying mechanism carries the plantation basin in proper order through dress bricklayer position, pressure cave station, plant seedlings station and plantation station, and when planting seedlings station, the plantation basin is taken in the ball-plant strain in order; D: behind step C, the 4th conveying mechanism carries the plantation basin through the harvesting station, described then the 4th conveying mechanism carries harvested plantation basin and continues to move to the matrix treatments station, and simultaneously, harvested dish strain carries order through handling station and multiple package position through the 5th conveying mechanism.Unique distinction of the present invention is that the whole plantation of vegetables, growth and packing processing procedure are arranged to the continuous streamline of an automation, its whole process is carried out the setting and the management of science, thereby guarantee the quality of vegetable standard and the unification of its production, avoid as current booth or ground plantation, the vegetables of results are subject to the difference of weather or labor management, and its production quality is also different.
In steps A: seedling-cultivating tray is when dress geotechnique position, and the dress soil case of earth loader structure is opened, and the nutrition soil that holds in it falls in the seedling-cultivating tray, and is through the strickle of earth loader structure that the nutrition soil in the seedling-cultivating tray is floating then; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the punching station, and the card punch of perforating mechanism inserts nutrition soil, to form the hole, cave in nutrition soil; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the program request station, and the suction pipe of program request mechanism takes out seed in the seed groove, and moves to the cave Kong Chu of nutrition soil in the seedling-cultivating tray; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the earthing station, and the dress of casing mechanism soil case is opened, and the nutrition soil that holds in it falls in the seedling-cultivating tray, and covers the hole, cave with seed; Seedling-cultivating tray is when the watering station, and the nozzle of watering mechanism sprays the globule or water smoke on nutrition soil; Seedling-cultivating tray is placed in certain hour in the nursery when growing seedlings station, treat the seed rudiment and grow into certain specification.
In step B, seedling-cultivating tray is when loose seedling station, and the push rod of Song Miao mechanism penetrates from the bottom outlet of seedling-cultivating tray, and push rod thrust makes the native ball of ball-plant strain in the seedling-cultivating tray loosening; Seedling-cultivating tray is when planting seedlings station, and seedling strain monomer is directed in order to be moved.
In step C: the plantation basin is when dress bricklayer position, and the dress mud box of mud filling machine structure is opened, and the earth that holds in it falls in the plantation basin, and the earth that will plant in the basin through the strickle of mud filling machine structure is floating then; And planting soil is compressed in order to pressing the cave hole forming through the firming cylinder.
The plantation basin presses the prominent mould in pressure cave of cave mechanism to insert earth, to form the hole, cave in earth when pressing the cave station; The plantation basin is when planting seedlings station, and hole, earth cave correspondence receives seedling strain soil ball in the plantation basin, and hole, earth cave correspondence is held seedling strain soil ball; The plantation basin is placed in certain hour in the plantation when the plantation station, treat that the dish strain grows into certain specification.
In step D: the plantation basin is when the harvesting station, and the clipper of harvesting mechanism leaves dish strain and the root portion of vegetables; The dish strain is when handling station, and at first, the impurity on dish strain surface is removed in washing; Secondly, to dish strain disinfection; Then, dry up the moisture content on dish strain surface; The dish strain is passed through weighing successively, is gone into bag and encapsulation when multiple package position.
Seedling-cultivating tray of the present invention, plantation basin and earth all through disinfecting, to guarantee that whole process of production is orderly, to clean and safe carrying out, guarantee that the vegetables of results are green product without environmental pollution.After the earth process steam sterilization preliminary treatment that the present invention uses, add base manure again, stir then; The plantation basin that uses also passes through the preliminary treatment of ozonization; Seedling-cultivating tray passes through the preliminary treatment of ozonization equally.
As shown in Figure 3, the concrete structure of seedling-cultivating tray is as follows:
This seedling-cultivating tray comprises chassis 51 and grid 52; Chassis 51 comprises a plurality of guide grooves 511 of orderly distribution, and grid 52 matches with a plurality of guide grooves 511 and forms hole, a plurality of cave 53.The ball-plant strain grows up in the time of need planting seedlings, and can move along guide groove 511, is in a plurality of ball-plant strains in the guide groove 511 along outbound course moving in order one by one, shifts out in guide groove 511 until last ball-plant strain.
This seedling-cultivating tray has been realized the output of the controlled order of a plurality of seedling strains, enters next step operation in order, has solved the existing craft strain of transplanting seedlings.
In invention, the chassis 51 preferred rectangular configuration that adopt, promptly a plurality of guide grooves 511 are parallel distribution; Four sides on chassis 51 in twos over against, a pair of parallel sided is in the bearing of trend of guide groove 511, a pair of lateral vertical is in the bearing of trend of guide groove 511.Perpendicular to the two sides of guide groove 511, one of them side is a hatch frame 512, when being used for the transplant strain as delivery outlet.
A plurality of drainage ventilations hole is set in the bottom of guide groove 511, and hole, a cave 53 is corresponding to a drainage ventilation hole.This drainage ventilation hole sluices when being used for ball-plant strain growth, floods seedling in order to avoid cause.
The operation principle of this seedling-cultivating tray is as follows:
When using this seedling-cultivating tray, at first grid 52 is stuck on the chassis 51, forms kind of a plant hole hole 53; The planting soil of in hole, cave 53, packing into then; Last seeding and seedling raising.
After the ball-plant strain grows up to certain specification, at first grid 53 is removed, promptly pull up, all ball-plant strains are stayed in the guide groove 511; Then that the ball-plant strain is moving towards a thruster of opening, thus the continuous ball-plant strain is exported from guide groove.Or, directly grid 53 is moved along opening direction, the ball-plant strain by the grid band and export in order.Chassis of the present invention, it has deformability, be that direction perpendicular to the guide groove length once that stretches can be prolonged in the chassis, like this after grid takes out, regulate the tensile elongation on chassis, promptly change the distance that is dissolved in adjacent two row ball-plant strains in the chassis, thereby helped the distance control between the ball-plant strain.
The present invention adopts a plurality of guide grooves to match with grid and forms the hole, cave, is used for planting the ball-plant strain, when the ball-plant strain grows up to transplanting, the ball-plant strain is moved along guide groove, and from opening output, this kind structure has the following advantages:
The first, realize continuous the strain of emerging under the mechanization promotion, compare existing manual lifting, the efficient of transplanting seedlings significantly improves;
The second, be to promote during owing to lifting, so the degree of injury of ball-plant strain is reduced to minimum by root soil ball to the ball-plant strain;
The 3rd, this seedling-cultivating tray because guide groove does not have the obstruction of grid, can be realized thorough cleaning when sterilization; As shown in Figure 4, the structural representation of plantation basin:
The plantation basin that the present invention adopts comprises an open containers 61, open containers 61 comprises a plurality of sidewalls 62 and coupled bottom 63, these a plurality of sidewalls enclose structure formation hollow, both ends open and the tool certain altitude, the one end opening is connected with bottom 63, thus the open containers 61 of the certain spatial accommodation of formation tool.A plurality of osculums 64 are set on bottom 63, and this osculum 64 is passages of liquid input, and the required liquid composition of crop is entered by this osculum 64 in the plantation basin.Simultaneously, the wheel body 66 of 63 arranged outside carrying open containers 61 in the bottom, owing to adopt wheel body 66, so this plantation basin uses thrust to move as required, alleviate fully and lift the physical power loss that is caused by human body, simultaneously, owing to adopt wheel body 66, also be applicable to the rail transport link of whole kind of method for planting.
The present invention is 63 arranged outside bearing 67 in the bottom, and wheel body 66 is connected on the bearing 67 through rotating shaft 610, and when this bearing 67 was embedded into bottom 63, the center line of its rotating shaft 610 just was positioned at 63 planes of living in, bottom.Bearing of making like this 67 and wheel body 66 structures are compact.Particularly the wheel body 66 of Cai Yonging is concave wheel, and when this wheel body 66 moved, matching with it was combined into the guide rail of projection, makes the plantation basin advance difficult the skew in strict accordance with the route of guide rail.
The plantation that the present invention adopts comprises a growing surface of tiltedly establishing, and is provided with from the high-end guide plate that extends to low side on this growing surface, is positioned at the postive stop baffle of low side and is positioned at the transfer bar mechanism in the high-end outside; The plantation basin is planted basin then and is promptly slided to settling position in that the drive of wheel is following at the sliding area that enters under the effect of transfer bar mechanism between two guide plates.
The 3rd conveying mechanism is arranged on the outside of postive stop baffle, and after postive stop baffle was removed, the plantation basin that is positioned at sliding area entered on the 3rd conveying mechanism in proper order.
When handling station, the 5th conveying mechanism carries the dish strain to enter first order current rinse bath, utilize washing away cleaning and the dish strain being moved to second level ultrasonic cleaner of current, filtering dish mechanism after the setting-up time fishes for the dish strain and is delivered in the third level ozone detoxicating groove, start blower mechanism at last, setting-up time and wind-force.
In the dish strain during to multiple package position, through induction electronic scale platform automatically, behind the quota weighing, be delivered to automatic induction packaging platform earlier, treat to send into after the branch collation package finishes and suddenly freeze precooling room, send into the freezer stock at last.
The present invention rationally is arranged to each station in conjunction with plantation and the growth characteristics of vegetables with it, with a plurality of conveying mechanisms each station is connected then, thereby forms a production line of working continuously.Adopt Production Line and management mode, the quality of vegetable that the present invention is produced is unified, and the production efficiency height satisfies the needs of victualization.According to the restriction of concrete vegetable species or plantation place or apparatus, each cited station of the present invention can further merge, and is about to adjacent stations and further makes up, and realizes multiple function at same station; Also the one station can be disassembled, i.e. the operation of a station is resolved into each station and is cooperated and implement, itself and this programme in like manner, all within the protection domain of this programme.
As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of the invention is as described below:
Dress geotechnique position and punching station adopt earth loader:
Conveyer belt is delivered to the earth loader position with empty seedling-cultivating tray, and the inductive switch of earth loader starts, and nutrition soil falls by adorning in the native case, set for 4 seconds seedling-cultivating tray is filled; Then, adorn the strickle in native case the place ahead the earth in the seedling-cultivating tray is wipeed off, conveyer belt will install the seedling-cultivating tray of strickling and carry at perforating mechanism, at this moment, the propeller of perforating mechanism both sides promotes seedling-cultivating tray and moves ahead, simultaneously, card punch moves up and down, and the hole of will growing seedlings is accomplished fluently., the seedling-cultivating tray that first conveyer belt will be accomplished fluently the hole of growing seedlings is delivered to planter.。
The program request station adopts planter:
When seedling-cultivating tray arrived planter, the negative suction pipe of the vacuum of planter picked up seed from the seed groove, corresponding behind hole, seedling-cultivating tray cave, negative air-breathing the closing of planter, and seed drops in the hole, cave, so repeats directly to finish a seedling-cultivating tray at point for several times.The seedling-cultivating tray that the conveyer belt band will have been sowed seed is sent to the drag links position.
The earthing station adopts drag links:
After having broadcast the seedling-cultivating tray arrival drag links of seed, the inductive switch of drag links starts, and earth falls in the dress soil case in the drag links, seedling-cultivating tray keeps forward traveling under the drive of conveyer belt, after the seedling-cultivating tray warp, the surface covers one deck earth equably, and seed is covered.
The watering station adopts water sprayer:
The seedling-cultivating tray that has covered soil continues to proceed to water sprayer under the drive of conveyer belt.During through water sprayer, the evenly unrestrained globule of water sprayer or water smoke drench seedling-cultivating tray, in order to the seed rudiment.Seedling-cultivating tray through water sprayer keeps forward traveling, is delivered in the nursery by conveyer belt.
The station of growing seedlings adopts nursery:
After seedling-cultivating tray arrives nursery, the cultivation of in nursery, growing seedlings, after some days, the seedling strain grows to definite specification.
Pine seedling station adopts cave, top machine:
Seedling-cultivating tray comes downwards to cave, top machine in the drive of conveyer belt, does earlier to pause in short-term, and the inductive switch of cave, top machine starts, and the top seedling rod on the seedling machine of top is jacking upwards, makes the seedling strain root soil ball in the seedling-cultivating tray loosening; Then the grid sheet in the seedling-cultivating tray is taken out, second conveyer belt continues to move ahead, and the seedling-cultivating tray of very good seedling is transported to seedling transplanter in the central station in plantation place together with the seedling strain.
The dress bricklayer adopts mud filling machine in the position:
The steam sterilization workshop is set, and the steam of steam engine in it is transported in the plantation substrate soil carries out disinfection.Then, the substrate soil agitator starts, and stirs carry the matrix of coming to add base manure from the steam sterilization workshop after, in the dress mud groove of input mud filling machine.
Ozonizer is set, and it produces ozone gas the plantation basin is carried out disinfection.
Conveyer belt will be planted basin is transported to mud filling machine from the ozonization workshop mud loading aperture; the inductive switch of mud filling machine starts; the plantation substrate soil falls from mud loading aperture; set in 4 seconds the plantation basin is filled; at this moment; the strickle in mud loading aperture the place ahead will be planted earth strickling on the basin, and conveyer belt protection forward traveling send the plantation basin that installs plantation mud at pressure cave machine.
Press the cave station to adopt and press the cave machine:
After the plantation basin arrived and presses the cave machine, inductive switch started, and pressed fixing on the machine of cave to press the prominent mould in cave to press down, and extruded needed kind of plant hole hole on the plantation matrix in the plantation basin.Conveyer belt starts, and the plantation basin that presses the hole, cave is sent at seedling transplanter.
The station that plants seedlings adopts seedling transplanter:
Conveyer belt is delivered to the seedling strain of putting in order on the collection seedling inclined-plane of seedling transplanter, falls into each minute seedling slideway with self gravitation.
The plantation basin that conveyer belt will press kind of plant hole hole send the seedling mouth that falls of the plantation below seedling transplanter, (every seeding plant hole hole correspondence is at minute Luo Miaokou of seedling slideway), inductive switch starts, and the baffle plate of the seedling mouth that falls is opened, and action of gravity makes the seedling strain fall into a corresponding seeding plant hole hole.Baffle plate is closed again, and second plantation basin arrives the correspondence seedling mouth that falls, and so repeats, directly at all plantation basins seedling that fallen.
Whenever the plantation basin of arranging seedling that fallen is transferred band and transports at next seedling transplanter station, the two row's seedlings of failing, and the total seedling transplanters of organizing are determined according to the seniority among brothers and sisters quantity adjustment that the plantation basin need be planted more.
The fixed Miao Zhuhou of plantation basin decline quota is transferred band and is transported to the plantation station.
The plantation station adopts plantation booth, implant bed:
The implant bed in plantation is designed to an end height, and the inclined-plane implant bed that an end is low, implant bed are separated into the inclined-plane slideway that there is spacing blend stop both sides.
The plantation basin of seedling of having fallen is transferred the high order end that band is delivered to inclined-plane implant bed in the plantation, the corresponding inclined-plane slideway of every basin seedling, and the plantation basin bottom part is provided with wheel.A side that is parallel to conveyer belt of plantation basin position does not push away the basin lever apparatus on the corresponding conveyer belt.During along the inclined-plane slideway, inductive switch started, and pushes away the basin bar, will plant basin and push inclined-plane slideway mouth, plants basin under the effect of inclined-plane and wheel when the plantation basin arrived, and the low side to implant bed slides voluntarily.Directly till every inclined-plane slideway row is full.Sliding low side does not have a sideboard, stops the plantation basin to skid off.
After occupying the plantation basin in the plantation, the cultivating and managing method in the plantation starts, and according to cultivating needs, sprays the needed temperature humidity of vegetable growth such as liquid manure automatically.
Implant bed of the present invention also can adopt structure shown in Figure 9;
Implant bed comprises main body rack 81, a plurality of guide rail 82, a plurality of support bracket 83, the 4th conveying mechanism 84 and loop wheel machine (not shown go out).Main body rack 81 has an inclined plane 811, and this inclined plane 811 is densely covered with the seedling strain as the growing surface of vegetables on this inclined plane 811, treat that certain one-tenth is long-time after, this seedling strain grows up to the dish strain; Simultaneously, this inclined plane 811 is compared to original horizontal plane, and the effective area of its growing surface increases, thereby in certain horizontal area, improves cultivated area and promptly improve the seedling strain number of growth, has realized the increase of output.The cooperation of guide rail 82 and support bracket 83, realized to rely on fully when support bracket 83 is positioned on the guide rail 82 gravity to glide, promptly when the low side of guide rail 82 is had vacant position, being positioned at high-end support bracket 83 glides because of action of gravity, be blocked until moving on to low side, for the ease of slippage, match wheel 31 is set preferably on support bracket 83.Simultaneously, on the inclined plane 811 low side arranged outside the 4th conveying mechanism 84, make things convenient for plantation basin on the support bracket 83 and the transfer between the 4th conveying mechanism 84.Its support bracket 83 that has played the guide rail low side of loop wheel machine of the present invention moves to the high-end effect of guide rail, the support bracket with the guide rail low side of circulating according to actual needs hangs and moves on to the high-end of guide rail, importantly, guide rail of the present invention is distributed on the whole inclined plane, be to be distributed with support bracket on the whole inclined plane, so this loop wheel machine must be able to be realized the support bracket of all inclined plane scopes.Corresponding to concrete inclination area, this loop wheel machine is single or multiple being used.
The present invention is preferably the arranged outside one dish strain of conveyer belt harvesting mechanism (not shown go out).The plantation basin is transferred to it on conveyer belt by artificial or machinery when the conveyer belt, carries the plantation basin by conveyer belt and transmits, and in the process that transmits, the dish strain that grows up to is through the effect of harvesting mechanism, and dish strain and root portion are from, the automatic harvesting of realization dish strain.
To shown in Figure 8, this seedling transplanter can also adopt following structure as Fig. 5:
This seedling transplanter comprises main body 771, pushes away seedling mechanism, expands the contraposition mechanism 73 and the seedling mechanism 74 that falls.Main body 771 is a main support, and its supporting role is the installation basis of other each mechanism.Pushing away seedling mechanism is used for the seedling strain in the seedling-cultivating tray is moved to flexible dish 75; Expansion contraposition mechanism 73 is used for the seedling strain spacing in the flexible dish 75 is stretched corresponding with plantation hole, basin cave; The seedling mechanism that falls is used for the seedling strain is fallen into corresponding plantation hole, basin cave.
Seedling-cultivating tray comprise guide groove and with this guide groove barrier arranged in a crossed manner, barrier is embedded and is connected in guide groove, to form a plurality of kinds of plant holes, a ball-plant strain is set in each plant hole, a plurality of ball-plant strains that are distributed in the guide groove can be slided along the inwall of this guide groove.A plurality of guide grooves are parallel and establish, so many row ball-plants strain that a plurality of guide groove forms is in a row moved in order along the direction of guide groove.Approximate with seedling-cultivating tray, flexible dish comprises a plurality of tactic distortion grooves, the quantity of this distortion groove is corresponding to the quantity of guide groove, when the distortion groove need receive the ball-plant strain, the relative spacing of dwindling the distortion groove makes it to match with guide groove, ball-plant strain in a row so promptly enters the distortion groove after shifting out guide groove, until desired location.The center distance of two adjacent distortion grooves can be regulated, and makes its planting density corresponding to the different vegetable kind with adjusting, thereby makes this seedling transplanter be common to the operation of transplanting seedlings of various vegetables.
Push away seedling mechanism and comprise that pushing away the seedling drive division reaches the push rod that is pushed away the drive of seedling drive division by this.The intermittent promotion of push rod seedling strain in a row moves in the flexible dish, and this pushes away the preferred air cylinder driven part of seedling drive division.
Expansion contraposition mechanism 73 comprises and is used for 75 liang on the flexible dish of clamping over against the clamping device on mobile limit and the extension mechanism 731 that moves with the distortion groove of flexible dish.Extension mechanism 731 is that a screw rod 7311 and determining deviation are distributed in a plurality of plectrums 7312 on this screw rod 7311, and plectrum 7312 contacts with the bottom sidewall of distortion groove, and a plectrum is corresponding to a distortion groove.Receive after the ball-plant strain in the distortion groove, the screw rod rotating band plectrum and is moved, plectrum moves and forces in distortion groove generation deformation, thereby evenly enlarge the spacing of each distortion groove, except this programme, this extension mechanism also can adopt this area to know other extension mechanism of knowing, need only it can make the distortion groove produce homogeneous deformation, and get final product corresponding to the hole site, cave of plantation basin.
The seedling mechanism 74 that falls comprises falling seedling drive division and coupled flashboard.Flashboard is positioned at the below of flexible dish, and the bottom of distortion groove is provided with seedling-falling hole, and this seedling-falling hole is over against flashboard.Under the normality, flashboard is in level, just blocks the seedling-falling hole of flexible tray bottom, and when falling seedling, flashboard overturns under the effect of the seedling drive division that falls, and promptly opens seedling-falling hole, and the ball-plant strain is fallen in seedling-falling hole kind of the plant hole hole.
Expansion contraposition mechanism can be corresponding to the multichannel plantation basin that is set up in parallel, and as two-way, at this moment, correspondence is provided with two flashboards.Realize the action of planting seedlings side by side of two-way plantation basin.
Employing can realize that the seedling strain becomes the expansion contraposition mechanism of spacing, make closely spaced seedling strain automation be extended to the seedling strain of big spacing, thereby over against falling into its corresponding kind of plant hole, automation replaces traditional manpower, the production efficiency height; Simultaneously, push away seedling mechanism and match with seedling strain conveying mechanism, plantation basin conveying mechanism is directly passed in flashboard below, thus realize seedling transplanter with seedling strain automatic production line with plant combining of basin automatic production line.
The harvesting station adopts grain header:
Vegetables are long in the plantation basin gathers during specification to specified, and by the inclined-plane implant bed, the conveyer belt of low side is received basin.When receiving basin, open low end-stopping plate, the plantation basin in the inclined-plane slideway slips into voluntarily in the conveyer belt with the same angle of inclination of slideway, inclined-plane and transports the plantation, is sent to the harvesting station, till directly all plant basins in harvesting.
Conveyer belt is transported to the grain header that gathers in the station to the plantation basin by the plantation, under the drive of conveyer belt, the clipper position lower space that the plantation basin enters grain header, the dish strain is positioned at the clipper upper space, the clipper cutter is positioned at the root position of dish strain, inductive switch starts, and cutter is made shear action, cuts off the separating vegetable strain and wants being connected of portion.After the separation, the dish strain falls in the accommodating container of grain header below voluntarily, and the plantation basin is transferred to take back delivers to the matrix disinfection room, the use of sterilizing once more.Inductive switch started after accommodating container was filled the good dish strain of harvesting, and conveyer belt is sent to the vegetables arrangement to container and dish strain and adds break.
Handling station adopts arrangement to add break:
Add and be provided with vegetables sterilizations washing flow line in break, conveyer belt the dish strain deliver to add break after, pour in the rinse bath, inductive switch starts the water circulating pump wave producer, and the dish strain is stirred in current.Eccysis impurity, utilize current with the dish strain swash of wave at second level ultrasonic cleaner, carry out the second level and clean, remove the fine impurity that attaches in the dish strain, after time rating, time switch starts the strain of the defeated friendship of filter dish dish and picks up from tank, and give at third level bromine oxygen disinfection trough and carry out sterilization, after time rating, time switch starts hair-dryer, dish strain surface moisture content is dried up, and conveyer belt send cleaned dish strain at packing shop.
Multiple package position adopts packing shop:
After the dish strain that cleaning finishes arrives packing shop, send at automatic induction electronic scale platform through conveyer belt, behind the quota weighing, carry and responding to the sack sewing machine station automatically, subpackage packages the back and carries at the anxious precooling room that freezes, after precooling treatment finishes, conveying is in outward transports to be sent such as freezer stocks, at this, wholely finishes from the back procedure of growing seedlings.
Overlap the plantation collecting method with this and carry out growing vegetables, realized the automation of whole plantation flow process, more traditional agro-farming plantation, the workload that this kind method for planting is finished is equivalent to the workload that the hundreds of people just can finish.Greatly having improved operating efficiency, is the defect mode that carries out the transition to modernized big agriculture equipment configurations from traditional manpower agro-farming, provides strong equipment guarantee to the agriculture industrialization standardization.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. automation growing vegetables and processing method, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
A: first conveying mechanism carries seedling-cultivating tray in proper order through dress geotechnique position, punching station, program request station, earthing station, the sprinkle water station and the station of growing seedlings;
B: after steps A, second conveying mechanism carry described seedling-cultivating tray through loose seedling station to the station that plants seedlings, plant seedlings during station described, ball-plant strain monomer is directed in order to be moved;
C: the 3rd conveying mechanism carry the plantation basin in proper order through dress bricklayer position, press cave station, described station and the plantation station of planting seedlings, plant seedlings during station described, the plantation basin is taken in the ball-plant strain in order;
D: behind step C, the 4th conveying mechanism carries described plantation basin through the harvesting station; Described then the 4th conveying mechanism carries harvested plantation basin and continues to move to the matrix treatments station, and simultaneously, harvested dish strain carries order through handling station and multiple package position through the 5th conveying mechanism.
2. automation growing vegetables according to claim 1 and processing method is characterized in that:
In steps A:
Seedling-cultivating tray is when dress geotechnique position, and the dress soil case of earth loader structure is opened, and the nutrition soil that holds in it falls in the described seedling-cultivating tray, and is through the strickle of described earth loader structure that the nutrition soil in the seedling-cultivating tray is floating then;
Seedling-cultivating tray is when the punching station, and the card punch of perforating mechanism inserts nutrition soil, to form the hole, cave in nutrition soil;
Seedling-cultivating tray is when the program request station, and the suction pipe of program request mechanism takes out seed in the seed groove, and moves to the cave Kong Chu of nutrition soil in the seedling-cultivating tray;
Seedling-cultivating tray is when the earthing station, and the dress of casing mechanism soil case is opened, and the nutrition soil that holds in it falls in the described seedling-cultivating tray, and covers the hole, described cave with seed;
Seedling-cultivating tray is when the watering station, and the nozzle of watering mechanism sprays the globule or water smoke on nutrition soil;
Seedling-cultivating tray is placed in certain hour in the nursery when growing seedlings station, treat the seed rudiment and grow into certain specification;
In step B,
Seedling-cultivating tray is when loose seedling station, and the push rod of Song Miao mechanism penetrates from the bottom outlet of described seedling-cultivating tray, and push rod thrust makes the native ball of ball-plant strain in the seedling-cultivating tray loosening;
Seedling-cultivating tray is when planting seedlings station, and seedling strain monomer is directed in order to be moved;
In step C:
The plantation basin is when dress bricklayer position, and the dress mud box of mud filling machine structure is opened, and the earth that holds in it falls in the described plantation basin, and the earth that will plant in the basin through the strickle of described mud filling machine structure is floating then;
The plantation basin presses the prominent mould in pressure cave of cave mechanism to insert earth, to form the hole, cave in earth when pressing the cave station;
The plantation basin is when planting seedlings station, and hole, earth cave correspondence receives seedling strain soil ball in the plantation basin, and hole, earth cave correspondence is held seedling strain soil ball;
The plantation basin is placed in certain hour in the plantation when the plantation station, treat that the dish strain grows into certain specification;
In step D:
The plantation basin is when the harvesting station, and the clipper of harvesting mechanism leaves dish strain and the root portion of vegetables;
Harvested plantation basin separates plantation basin and earth at the matrix treatments station;
The dish strain is when handling station, and at first, the impurity on dish strain surface is removed in washing; Secondly,
To dish strain disinfection; Then, dry up the moisture content on dish strain surface;
The dish strain is passed through weighing successively, is gone into bag and encapsulation when multiple package position.
3. automation growing vegetables according to claim 1 and 2 and processing method is characterized in that:
In step B, after the described earth process steam sterilization preliminary treatment, add base manure again, stir then; Described plantation basin also passes through the preliminary treatment of ozonization.
4. automation growing vegetables according to claim 1 and 2 and processing method is characterized in that:
Described seedling-cultivating tray comprises chassis and grid; Described chassis comprises a plurality of guide grooves of orderly distribution, and described grid matches with described a plurality of guide grooves and forms hole, a plurality of cave.
5. automation growing vegetables according to claim 1 and 2 and processing method is characterized in that:
Described plantation basin comprises an open containers, and described open containers comprises a plurality of sidewalls and coupled bottom; A plurality of osculums are set on described bottom; Carry the wheel body of described open containers in the arranged outside of described bottom.
6. automation growing vegetables according to claim 1 and 2 and processing method is characterized in that:
Described plantation comprises a growing surface of tiltedly establishing, on this growing surface, be provided with from high-end to
The guide plate that low side extends, be positioned at the postive stop baffle of low side and be positioned at the transfer bar mechanism in the high-end outside;
Described plantation basin is at the sliding area that enters under the effect of described transfer bar mechanism between two guide plates, plants basin then and promptly slides to settling position in that the drive of wheel is following.
7. automation growing vegetables according to claim 1 and 2 and processing method is characterized in that:
Described the 3rd conveying mechanism is arranged on the outside of described postive stop baffle, and after described postive stop baffle was removed, the plantation basin that is positioned at sliding area entered on the 3rd conveying mechanism in proper order.
8. automation growing vegetables according to claim 2 and processing method is characterized in that:
When handling station, the 5th conveying mechanism carries the dish strain to enter first order current rinse bath, utilize washing away cleaning and the dish strain being moved to second level ultrasonic cleaner of current, filtering dish mechanism after the setting-up time fishes for the dish strain and is delivered in the third level ozone detoxicating groove, start blower mechanism at last, setting-up time and wind-force.
9. automation growing vegetables according to claim 8 and processing method is characterized in that:
In the dish strain during to multiple package position, through induction electronic scale platform automatically, behind the quota weighing, be delivered to automatic induction packaging platform earlier, treat to send into after the branch collation package finishes and suddenly freeze precooling room, send into the freezer stock at last.
10. automation growing vegetables according to claim 1 and 2 and processing method is characterized in that:
In step C, provide a seedling transplanter that the ball-plant strain is transferred to described plantation basin; This seedling transplanter comprises main body, also comprise be fixed in described main body be used for push away seedling mechanism with what the seedling strain in the seedling-cultivating tray moved to flexible dish; The interior seedling strain spacing of dish that is used for stretching stretches and the corresponding expansion contraposition mechanism in plantation hole, basin cave; And the seedling mechanism that falls that is used for the seedling strain is fallen into corresponding plantation hole, basin cave.
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| CN2010101763844A CN102084786B (en) | 2010-05-14 | 2010-05-14 | Automatic vegetable cultivation and processing method |
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