CN102084516A - 圆单体电池蓄电池 - Google Patents

圆单体电池蓄电池 Download PDF

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CN102084516A
CN102084516A CN2009801257814A CN200980125781A CN102084516A CN 102084516 A CN102084516 A CN 102084516A CN 2009801257814 A CN2009801257814 A CN 2009801257814A CN 200980125781 A CN200980125781 A CN 200980125781A CN 102084516 A CN102084516 A CN 102084516A
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R·约斯韦格
H·布伦纳
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Corus Technology And Recycling Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种圆单体电池蓄电池，具有a)大量并排设置的圆单体电池(7)，b)至少一个相对于圆单体电池(7)电绝缘的散热元件(14)，所述散热元件棒形构成并这样弯曲，使得其之字形交替地分别沿着圆单体电池(7)的底面(5)、与该底面连接的侧壁和顶面(4)延伸并且一组圆单体电池(7)导热地连接以便散热，和c)电绝缘、导热并且橡胶弹性的热塑性弹性体，弹性体至少部分地布置在所述至少一个散热元件(14)与圆单体电池(7)之间，以便使散热元件(14)与圆单体电池(7)电绝缘并且将热从圆单体电池(7)引导至散热元件(14)，具有从圆单体电池(7)向散热元件(14)的良好导热。

Description

圆单体电池蓄电池
技术领域
本发明涉及一种圆单体电池蓄电池。
背景技术
EP 0 917 230 B1公开了一种具有恒温装置的蓄电池。
DE 102 23 782 B4公开了一种电池，具有至少一个电化学的存储单元和被冷却介质通流的冷却装置。存储单元容纳在冷却装置的开口内并与各自一个在垂直于存储单元的纵轴线方向上弯曲的外表面部分地力锁合接触。在力锁合接触的区域内具有伸缩缝。
DE 10 2007 009 315 A1公开了一种用于冷却电元件的装置，具有导体，所述导体为了散热与电元件的侧面热接触。
在具有圆单体电池的电蓄电池方面存在导热问题。这种问题通过蓄电池的筒处于电位上而变得严重。
发明内容
本发明的目的因此在于，提供一种得到改进的圆单体电池蓄电池。
该目的通过一种具有权利要求1所述特征的圆单体电池蓄电池得以实现。
圆单体电池蓄电池具有优点的进一步构型在从属权利要求中予以说明。
依据本发明构成和设置的散热容纳元件满足多个功能：
第一，热塑性弹性体确保圆单体电池与散热元件之间电绝缘，散热元件例如由铜、铝或者钢制造并且引导适当的制冷介质。作为散热元件特别适用挤压件。适当的制冷介质例如是四氯乙烷(R134a)和二氧化碳(R744)。
第二，热塑性弹性体将热从圆单体电池引导至将热传递到制冷介质上的散热元件。如果热塑性弹性体具有大于每米和开尔文一瓦特(也就是＞1W/(mK))的热导率，则获得良好的导热。热导率最好大于每米和开尔文二至三瓦特(也就是＞3W/(mK))。适当的热塑性弹性体由在美国注册的Cool Polymers公司以CoolPoly
Figure BPA00001310181700021
D8102 Thermally Conductive热塑性弹性体(TPE)和CoolPoly
Figure BPA00001310181700022
D8104Thermally Conductive热塑性弹性体(TPE)的名称提供。
第三，热塑性弹性体通过其橡胶弹性的特性保证圆单体电池与散热元件之间的良好接触。对从圆单体电池向制冷介质导热产生不利影响的气隙得到有效避免。特别是通过在制造圆单体电池蓄电池时将圆单体电池压在散热元件上，确保热过渡面彼此最佳叠置并且避免气隙。具有20至100肖氏A硬度的热塑性弹性体在不公开的试验中表现出良好结果。
在一种实施方式中，设置由电绝缘、导热和橡胶弹性的热塑性弹性体构成的软管状外套，所述外套套在圆单体电池上。在外套的外侧上可设置散热容纳元件。在置于内部的圆单体电池的每个外套上优选设置六个散热容纳元件，所述散热容纳元件均匀地、也就是以60°的距离设置在所述外侧上。置于内部的圆单体电池平行于其纵轴线地完全由其他的圆单体电池包围，也就是它不处于圆单体电池蓄电池的边缘上。所述外套可以由与散热容纳元件相同的材料构成。在这种情况下，外套和散热容纳元件符合目的要求地一体地构成。
在另一种实施方式中，圆单体电池容纳在至少一个对于一组圆单体电池共用的、由热塑性弹性体制成的散热容纳元件中，所述散热容纳元件具有与圆单体电池的侧壁表面适配的容纳轮廓，从而这些侧壁表面紧贴在所配属的散热容纳元件的内壁上，其中，散热容纳元件还具有用于容纳棒状散热元件的容纳孔。散热容纳元件在纵向上最好具有带凹面的三角形横截面。散热容纳元件在这种情况下同时用作圆单体电池之间的间隔保持件。如果散热容纳元件的与圆单体电池邻接的内壁弯曲，则实现圆单体电池与散热容纳元件之间的良好热传导。具有优点的是，散热容纳元件具有径向从容纳孔伸入散热容纳元件内的切口。切口在制造圆单体电池蓄电池时一方面改善圆单体电池与散热容纳元件之间以及另一方面散热容纳元件与散热元件之间的接触。此外，切口使单个部件的结合并且因此使圆单体电池蓄电池的制造变得容易。
附图说明
下面借助附图对本发明进行详细说明。
具体实施方式
图1示出由电绝缘、良好导热和(橡胶)弹性的热塑性弹性体构成的软管状外套1。图1的上部示出侧视图和下部示出俯视图。
外套1基本上具有圆柱体的外壳形状。纵轴线2与圆柱体轴线重合。
外套1的外表面上设置六个散热容纳元件3。散热容纳元件3彼此以均匀的距离、也就是六十度的角距设置。
散热容纳元件3棒状构成并从顶面4一直延伸到底面5。
散热容纳元件3具有弯曲的间隙6，所述间隙具有圆弧形的横截面。这些间隙6用作用于(图1未示出的)具有圆柱形横截面的散热元件的导向装置。
图2示出图1中的套在圆单体电池7上的外套1。
圆单体电池7以公知的方式构成，特别是具有正电极8和负电极9。还可以看出排气阀10。
由于外套1具有橡胶弹性，该外套1固定地安放在圆单体电池7上。
图3示出图2情况的透视图。
图4和5示出大量设置成一个叠堆11的圆单体电池7。
图4示出沿方向IV的局部图。
该叠堆11具有三个排12，每排各具有五个圆单体电池7。这些排12交替以圆单体电池7的半个直径垂直于圆单体电池7的纵向方向2彼此错位布置。这种布置可以允许圆单体电池的紧密包装。该叠堆11并不完整。它仅包括圆单体电池蓄电池的所有圆单体电池7的一部分。
圆单体电池7各具有一个外套1。在外套1的外侧上均匀地分别设置六个散热容纳元件3。这一点是有意义的，因为在圆单体电池7的这种包装中，每个圆单体电池7具有六个直接相邻的圆单体电池7。这一点适用于不处于圆单体电池蓄电池边缘上的圆单体电池7(内部的圆单体电池)。例如圆单体电池13是内部的圆单体电池7。
图4示出散热元件14。散热元件14分别由三个散热容纳元件3引导，其中，这三个散热容纳元件3的每个分配给另一个圆单体电池7。散热元件14具有圆形的横截面。可以看出，两个相邻的圆单体电池7不是直接接触，而是始终通过两个外套1彼此隔开，特别是电绝缘。
图6示出散热容纳元件15的一种替换的实施方式。
散热容纳元件15棒状构成，其长度大致相当于圆单体电池7的长度。
散热容纳元件15具有垂直于纵轴线2的三角形横截面(也就是在纵轴线方向上观察)；这一点在图6的下半部分中可以看出。
散热容纳元件15具有与圆单体电池7的侧壁表面适配的容纳轮廓16，所述容纳轮廓包括三个圆弧。
中央设置容纳孔17作为用于具有圆形横截面的散热元件14的导向装置。三个切口18径向从容纳孔17伸入散热容纳元件15内。此外，在容纳轮廓16中设置缝隙19。通过缝隙19一方面可以将散热元件14放入到所述导向装置中。另一方面，避免圆单体电池蓄电池受到挤压时的干扰气隙。缝隙19也用作挤压时的伸缩缝。
图7示出圆单体电池7，环绕其圆周与侧壁表面相邻地均匀设置六个散热容纳元件15。散热容纳元件15相互并不接触；这一点在间隙20上可以看出。
图8示出图7的透视图。
图9示出具有散热容纳元件15的圆单体电池7的叠堆21部分剖面。可以看出，圆单体电池7由于散热容纳元件15的布置相互并不接触。因为散热容纳元件15由电绝缘的热塑性弹性体制造，所以圆单体电池7彼此电绝缘。散热容纳元件15彼此间不连接。
图10示出由散热容纳元件15形成的中间层22。中间层22由相互成排的散热容纳元件15组成。分别两个相邻的散热容纳元件15相互连接。中间层22在制造圆单体电池蓄电池时安置在圆单体电池7的两个相邻的排12之间。中间层22的优点是圆单体电池蓄电池的制造简单。
图11示出散热元件14的俯视图，也就是在纵轴线2的方向上观察。
图12示出图11中散热元件14的侧视图，也就是垂直于纵轴线2观察。
图13示出图11和12中散热元件14的透视图。
从图11、12和13可以看出，散热元件14之字形以三维延伸，管状散热元件14的假想轴线因此描绘出一种三维的蛇形曲线。
图14-19描绘圆单体电池蓄电池的组装过程的一部分。
首先将散热元件14装入塑料件23内(图14)。
接着将设有外套1和散热容纳元件3的圆单体电池7这样放置在散热元件14上，使得散热元件14导入散热容纳元件3的间隙6内(图15)。
重复图14和15的过程直至形成足够排的圆单体电池7。
从图19可以看出，单个散热元件14在叠堆11的端部24上对齐。它们可与一个未示出的集电器连接。
通过两个对置的终端板25(只能看到其中一个)挤压圆单体电池蓄电池。这样保证部件的最佳贴靠以便传热。

Claims (8)

1.圆单体电池蓄电池，具有
a)大量并排设置的圆单体电池(7)，
b)至少一个相对于圆单体电池(7)电绝缘的散热元件(14)，所述散热元件棒形构成并这样弯曲，使得其之字形交替地分别沿着圆单体电池(7)的底面(5)、与该底面连接的侧壁和顶面(4)延伸并且使一组圆单体电池(7)导热地连接以便散热，和
c)电绝缘、导热并且橡胶弹性的热塑性弹性体，弹性体至少部分地布置在所述至少一个散热元件(14)与圆单体电池(7)之间，以便使散热元件(14)与圆单体电池(7)电绝缘并且将热从圆单体电池(7)引导至散热元件(14)。
2.按权利要求1所述的圆单体电池蓄电池，其特征在于，设有由电绝缘、导热并且橡胶弹性的热塑性弹性体制成的软管状外套(1)，该外套套在圆单体电池(7)上。
3.按权利要求2所述的圆单体电池蓄电池，其特征在于，在所述外套(1)的外侧上设置散热容纳元件(15)。
4.按前述权利要求之一所述的圆单体电池蓄电池，其特征在于，所述圆单体电池(7)容纳在至少一个对于一组圆单体电池(7)公共的、由热塑性弹性体制成的散热容纳元件(15)中，所述散热容纳元件具有与圆单体电池(7)的侧壁表面适配的容纳轮廓，从而这些侧壁表面贴靠在对应的散热容纳元件(15)的内壁上，其中，散热容纳元件(15)还具有用于容纳棒状散热元件的容纳孔(17)。
5.按权利要求4所述的圆单体电池蓄电池，其特征在于，所述散热容纳元件(15)的与圆单体电池(7)邻接的内壁弯曲。
6.按权利要求4或5所述的圆单体电池蓄电池，其特征在于，所述散热容纳元件(15)具有径向从容纳孔(17)伸入到散热容纳元件(15)中的切口(18)。
7.按前述权利要求之一所述的圆单体电池蓄电池，其特征在于，所述热塑性弹性体具有大于每米和开尔文一瓦特(＞1W/(mK))的热导率。
8.按前述权利要求之一所述的圆单体电池蓄电池，其特征在于，所述外套的热塑性弹性体具有20至100肖氏A硬度。
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