CN102066086A - 用于制造燃料储箱的方法 - Google Patents

用于制造燃料储箱的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102066086A
CN102066086A CN2009801238067A CN200980123806A CN102066086A CN 102066086 A CN102066086 A CN 102066086A CN 2009801238067 A CN2009801238067 A CN 2009801238067A CN 200980123806 A CN200980123806 A CN 200980123806A CN 102066086 A CN102066086 A CN 102066086A
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parison
parts
inner core
pin
described method
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CN102066086B (zh
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比约恩·克里埃尔
让-克洛德·穆尔
戴维·希尔
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Nergy Automotive Systems Research SA
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Inergy Automotive Systems Research SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/022—Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for
    • B29C65/028—Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for making use of inherent heat, i.e. the heat for the joining comes from the moulding process of one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7437—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a perforating tool
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Abstract

通过使用包括两个空腔以及一个内芯的模具(14)来模制一个型坯(16)而制造装备有一个部件的一种塑料燃料储箱的方法，所述方法包括将一个部件(18)安装在附接于该内芯的一个针或一个矩形物体(12)的周围、将该针或矩形物体移位以便使该型坯变形并且在其中刺穿一个开口、使该针或矩形物体在其上携带该部件以便将该部件安置在该开口中、以及撤回该针/矩形物体并留下被安置在该开口中的部件。

Description

用于制造燃料储箱的方法
本发明涉及用于制造装备有一个部件的一种塑料燃料储箱的方法。
不同种类的车辆上的燃料储箱总体上必须满足与设计它们的用途的类型相关的密封性和渗透性标准以及它们必须满足的环境要求。目前，在欧洲以及世界各地对于这些有关进入大气中以及整体环境中的污染物排放物限制的要求存在着一种实质性的紧缩。
为了限制这些排放物，特别予以注意的是在储箱和/或注油管(具体见本申请人名下的申请WO 2004/024487)内部放置这些部件(通气管线、阀门、挡板、加强件、等等)。然而，当在储箱被模制之后将这些部件紧固至其上时，一般有必要在该储箱中制作至少一个开口，以便能够将这些部件引入储箱之中并将它们紧固到其上。因此在这个开口附近可能存在潜在的密封问题。
因此，在几年前本申请人开发了最初模制一个切开的型坯(切成两个部分)的方法，以便在储箱的实际模制过程中能够将多个部件引入其中并且紧固到其上并因此能够避免刺穿开口(见本申请人名下的专利EP 1110697)。
自此这种方法已经是将用于紧固这些部件的具体手段作为目标的几项改进的主题：具体见申请WO 2006/008308(通过铆接冲孔而紧固部件)、WO2006/095024(紧固多个通风管线，这些通气管线具有一个可能由于在将这些管线附接到型坯上的过程中存在着一个被拉伸的弯头而被变形的部分)以及WO2007/000454(根据一种理想的布置来紧固多个部件并且具体就这些通气管线来说同时避免了形成虹吸)。
由于使用一种内芯而能够做出这些改进，即：该内芯是一个具有合适的尺寸和形状的部件，它能够在该型坯被定位在模具中时被插入模具的空腔之间、并且将储箱内的这些部件紧固在其上而无需焊接该型坯的这些边缘(因为该内芯在最终模制该储箱之前必须被拆除，在这一步骤的过程中进行这些型坯部分的焊接)。例如，在专利GB 1410215中说明了这样一个零件(内芯)，该专利的内容为此目的通过引用结合在本申请之中。
这些部件的安装在某些情况下(例如当它们是穿过箱壁以便能够与外部连通的部件时)可能是一件困难的任务，当该箱壁是多层时，这种安装可能造成该阻挡层受损和/或得到的连接不是非常密封的。
本发明的目地是提供一种用于制造燃料储箱的方法，其中一个部件的安装是快速、精确并且密封的，即使该部件是一个旨在穿过该储箱的壁并且在其内部容积与外部之间建立一种连接的部件。
为此目的，本发明涉及用于制造配备有一个部件的一种塑料燃料储箱的方法，该方法是通过使用包括两个空腔以及一个内芯的模具来模制一个型坯，所述方法包括以下步骤：
A)将一个型坯引入多个模具空腔中；
B)将一个内芯引入该型坯的内部，所述内芯已经首先装配了一个部件；
C)关闭该模具，这样使得这些空腔与该内芯形成密封的接触；
D)通过经该内芯吹气和/或在这些空腔之后施加一个真空来将该型坯压靠在这些空腔上；
E)使用一个附接到该内芯上的装置将该部件安装在该型坯的内壁上；
F)将该模具打开以便取出该内芯；以及
G)通过吹气模制(通过在该型坯内部注入一种加压的流体)和/或热成型(通过在这些空腔之后施加一个真空)对该型坯进行最终模制。
根据本发明的一个重要的方面，该方法还包括在步骤B中将该部件安装在一个被附接到该内芯上的针或其他矩形物体的周围，该矩形物体包括一个切割装置，并且在步骤E中：
E1)将该针或该切割装置移位，以便首先使该型坯变形并且之后在该型坯中刺穿一个开口，该针或矩形物体携带该部件，以便将该部件定位在该开口中；并且
E2)撤回该针或矩形物体，从而留下被安置在该开口中的部件。
为简明起见，在本说明书的其余部分中将概括地使用“针”，应当理解的是这个术语也指代将于本说明书在后面定义的其他矩形物体。
由于使用了这样一种“针”来安装该部件，该部件的安装可以在该型坯的模制过程中快速地并且精确地进行。可以降低制造成本同时提高所制造的燃料储箱的质量，所获得的连接是特别密封的，即便是在一部件穿过多层储箱的壁的情况下。这个优点主要是通过以下事实获得的：首先通过该部件使该型坯变形(拉伸)、然后仅仅将其切割/刺穿，已经发现这降低了对该型坯(并且更具体地：在一个多层型坯的情况下是对该阻挡层)的损害。这也允许了对该内部塑料部件周围的储箱壁的更好控制、以及更好的倒钩形成。在一个多层型坯的情况下，这种设计还将该阻挡层更加定位至该注入口颈管外表面，这样减小了渗透。
术语“燃料储箱”应理解为是指一种不渗透的储箱，它可以在不同的并且变化的环境以及使用条件下储存燃料。这种储箱的一个实例是机动车辆所装备的储箱。
根据本发明的燃料储箱是由塑料制成的。术语“塑料”是指包括至少一种合成树酯聚合物的任何材料。
所有类型的塑料都可能是适合的。特别适合的是属于热塑性塑料类别的塑料。
术语“热塑性塑料”应理解为是指任何热塑性聚合物，包括热塑性弹性体、以及它们的共混物。术语“聚合物”应理解为是指均聚物和共聚物(尤其是二元或三元共聚物)两者。这类共聚物的实例是(非限制性地)：不规则共聚物、直链的嵌段共聚物、其他嵌段共聚物以及接枝共聚物。
熔点在分解温度之下的任何类型的热塑性聚合物或共聚物都是适合的。具有在至少10摄氏度上分布的一个熔化范围的合成的热塑性塑料是特别适合的。此类材料的实例包括呈现出分子量的多分散性的那些材料。
具体地说，可使用聚烯烃类、热塑性聚酯类、聚酮类、聚酰胺类以及它们的共聚物。还可以使用多种聚合物或共聚物的共混物；类似地还有可能使用带有无机的、有机的和/或天然填充剂的聚合材料的一种共混物，这些填充剂是例如但不限于：碳、盐类和其他无机衍生物、以及天然的或聚合的纤维类。还有可能使用多层结构，这些多层结构包括含有以上所说明的这些聚合物或共聚物中的至少一种的多个堆叠层和结合层。
经常采用的一种聚合物是聚乙烯。用高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)已经获得了优异的结果。
该储箱的壁可以包括一个单个的热塑层、或者包括两个层。有利的是，一个或多个其他可能的附加层可以包括由一种阻挡液体和/或气体的材料所制成的多个层。优选地，该阻挡层的性质和厚度被选择为使得与该储箱的内表面接触的液体和气体的渗透性最小化。优选地，这个层是基于一种阻挡树酯，即不渗透燃料的一种树酯，如EVOH(一种部分水解的乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物)。可替代地，该储箱可以经受一种表面处理(氟化作用或磺化作用)，其目的是使该储箱不渗透燃料。
根据本发明的储箱优选地包括位于多个基于HDPE的外部层之间的一个基于EVOH的阻挡层，这些EVOH和HDPE层通过多个粘结剂层(总体上包括改良过的PE，例如用一种酸或一种酸酐(像马来酸酐)接枝的)粘合。
应当注意的是，当该储箱包括一个阻挡液体和/或气体的层时，使用根据本发明的该方法是特别有利的。当该部件被安装并且已经使该型坯变形来产生一种朝向该储箱外部的凸缘(固定区域)时，该“针”在该型坯中刺穿/切割一个开口。在该型坯向外部变形的过程中，该组件(凸缘以及“针”上的部件)优选被接收在多个模具空腔之一中的一个具有合适的尺寸和形状的孔洞中，并且这优选是在步骤E的过程中(或刚好在其之前，在步骤D已经执行之后)总体上通过将一个移动部分收缩进入所述孔洞中而产生的。在将该部件紧固到该型坯的过程中，该型坯的结构保持不变，即这些不同的材料层中没有一个在该紧固过程中受损。因此，阻挡液体和/或气体的这个层还延伸超出该紧固点，并且因此使得有可能保证该储箱在该部件的区域内的不渗透性。
这是因为在上述的变形过程中，包括一个阻挡层的一种凸缘被模制在该部件的表面上，这确实使得该孔洞的固定是非常密封并且不渗透的。
根据本发明，该储箱是通过模制一个型坯而生产的。术语“型坯”应理解为是指一种预成形件，该预成形件一般是挤出的并且是意欲在模制成所要求的形状和尺寸后形成该储箱的壁。这个预成形件不必是一种一件式预成形件。因此，有利的是该型坯事实上是由两个分离件制成，例如，这两个分离件可以是两个薄片。然而，如在上述申请EP 1 110 697中所说明的，这些件优选地产生自同一个挤出的管状型坯，将该申请的内容为此目的通过引用结合在本申请之中。根据这个变体，一旦一个单个型坯已被挤出，则将这个型坯沿着在直径上相反的两条线在其整个长度上切开，以获得两个分离的部分(薄片)。
与两个分开挤出的、具有恒定厚度的薄片的模制相比，本方法允许使用具有可变厚度(即在其长度上是不恒定的厚度)的多个型坯，这些型坯是通过一种合适的挤出装置(一般是配备有一种带有一个位置可调的心轴的模口的一种挤出机)获得的。这样一种型坯考虑到了由于模具中材料的非恒定水平的变形而在模制过程中在该型坯的某些点发生的厚度的减少。
在一个型坯已经被模制成两个件之后，这些件通常对应地形成了该燃料储箱的下壁和上壁，这些壁各自具有一个内表面(指向该储箱的内部)以及一个外表面(指向该储箱的外部)。
在根据本发明的方法中使用的模具包括如先前定义的一个内芯以及旨在与型坯的外表面接触的两个空腔，该型坯是通过吹气模制(使用被引入该型坯中的一种增压气体将该型坯压靠在这些空腔上)和/或热成型(将这些模具空腔的后面抽成真空)进行模制的。如先前已经提到的，这些空腔中的至少一个优选地包括一个空心的凹凸部，该凹凸部被设计用于在其中接收该穿刺针、以及任选地该可能或可能不被该型坯的一部分所覆盖的部件的至少一部分(如在本文件的多个附图中所展示的)。
优选地，该模制通过吹气模制进行，但优选同时还在这些空腔后面提供了抽吸(抽出一个真空)以便在型坯未被关闭并增压时使型坯保持在模具中。因此，它优选在步骤(F)之前包括一个脱气步骤。总体上，为了做到这一点，首先将该型坯刺穿(例如用针来刺破它)并且然后使流体从该模具中排出(例如使用一个阀门)。在这个变体中，有利的是为上述空腔的空心凹凸部提供至少一个塞，这使之有可能在适当时当该针被撤回时塞住该型坯和该部件中的开口，以便能够有效地吹气模制该储箱。
在本发明的背景下，术语“部件”应理解为是指在该燃料储箱内部被安装在储箱的内壁上的一种元件。更具体地，该部件有利地包括一个通道，当安装该部件时，该通道穿过该燃料储箱的箱壁。本发明用管材或管线给出了良好的结果。根据本发明的管线可以是一条通气管线；用于泵送燃料或将燃料从发动机返回到储箱的一条管线(在柴油发动机的情况下)；一个注入口颈管；一条电线(在这种情况下，该管线通常是电缆的护套)等等。这样一种部件优选地用于传输某物(流体、电流等)。因此，更优选地，该部件是一个注入口颈管、一条通气管线、一条OBD(车载诊断)线路或一个电气接头。
在这个变体中，该针/切割装置穿过该部件中的通道进行刺穿/切割，同时该型坯朝向外部的变形主要由该部件自身引发的，因此在发生刺穿/切割之前，该部件“保护”了该针/切割装置以便获得所述变形。也是经由这个开口，该部件被接收在该附接到内芯上的针/矩形物体上，为了将该部件紧固到该储箱上。根据本发明的方法最特别好地应用于一个颈管、特别是该储箱的注入口颈管。在这种情况下，该部件中的通道对应于用于流体的通道，并且该针/矩形物体至少在其基部具有实质上与该通道相等的直径。
根据本发明的一个优选的实施方案，为了阻止来自该型坯的熔化的塑料材料进入该部件的开口(接收该“针”的地方)中，当将该部件安装在该“针”上时所述开口实际上被关闭，并且只在该“针”刺穿/切割该型坯时所述开口才被刺开/切开。为此目的，该部件壁的厚度和/或强度优选在该区域内经过适配，以便允许所述刺穿/切割。
在本发明的背景下，术语“针”应理解为是指被安装在该内芯上用来临时携带待安装的部件、并且在该型坯中刺穿/切割一个开口的一种元件。为此目的，该“针”优选地是相对该内芯可移动地进行安装的，例如借助一个致动器，以便能够使该针在该型坯的方向上移动并且穿过该型坯。该“针”的移动还携带了该部件直至该型坯的变形是足够的；然后该开口被刺开/切开，并且留下该部件与该型坯的内部表面相接触。然后将该针/承载该切割装置的矩形物体在该内芯的方向上移动，即将它从刺穿的开口中撤回，从而留下该部件被安置在该刺穿的开口中并且被固定在它朝向外部变形的这个部分上。
根据本发明的一个优选的实施方案，该部件是整合了一个ICV(入口单向阀)的注入口颈管，该ICV被成型为一个阀瓣门。
在这个实施方案中，将处于缩回位置的承载一个切割装置的柱塞引入所述注入口颈管中，同时它的阀瓣门是打开的，并且在这些模具空腔之一的孔洞内部，该组件由该内芯推靠在该型坯上，以便压缩模制一个整合的凸缘，恢复该注入口颈管。然后，使该切割装置向前移动、并且穿过该注入口颈管的末端并在顶部穿过该型坯切开一个开口。最后，将该承载了从该型坯切掉的这些部分的柱塞撤回。
优选地，将从该型坯上切掉的这些部分从该切割装置移除，这样使得该柱塞及其切割装置可以再用于根据本发明的一种方法之中。
在根据本发明的方法中，应当指出的是，基本上在步骤D的过程中将该型坯形成为该储箱的形状和尺寸，这样使得该部件被紧固在该储箱中的正确位置，并且这样使得随后的变形是受限的而且不会损害该型坯。
优选地，在该内芯被插入该模具中之前，它允许几个部件(这些部件优选是被预装配该内芯上的)在它们于该型坯上的对应位置处被紧固至该储箱的内部(见上述的申请WO 2007/000454)。
根据本发明的一个特别有利的变体，首先将几个部件安装在用于装载该内芯的一个共用支撑件(框架)上。因此，甚至在装载到该内芯中之前，这些部件可以被定位并装配在这个框架上，该框架允许这些部件的X、Y、Z定位上的优异的可重复性并且有助于多个组件的操作，这些组件有时是复杂的并且因此不是非常有工效的(例如，一个通气系统)。
取决于所讨论的这些零件的重量，可以由一个操作员或由一个机器人来操作该框架。就该内芯的装载而言，事实上它是通过将该框架直接紧固到该内芯上来进行的，其中这些部件被安排为与将把它们紧固到该型坯上的并且被附连在该内芯上的多个装置相对(例如，由致动器致动的夹具)。因为将这些不同部件装配到该支架上可以独立于模制方法而进行，所以这种方式使之有可能在循环时间的意义上进行节省。
在根据本发明的方法中所使用的内芯还可以被用于吹送将该型坯进行吹气模制所要求的加压气体，并且当待吹气模制的型坯是两个部分时，该内芯还可以用来在该方法的至少步骤(C)至(E)的过程中保持这两个部分的边缘是热的。
最终，该内芯还可以被用来至少部分地监控该方法。为此目的，可以将例如一部照像机结合到该芯件中以便通过图像分析来显示并检验该组件附接的质量。也可以将用于测量如力、行程、压力、以及温度的量值的至少一个传感器安装到该芯件上以便更好地监控该部件到型坯上的紧固。
根据本发明，该部件被紧固到该储箱上(或更精确地：到该型坯上，词“储箱”表示完成的、模制的物品)。
术语“被紧固”应理解为是指该部件与该储箱的壁直接接触、或者被附接到一个中间的紧固装置上，该中间的紧固装置自身与该储箱的壁直接接触。术语“接触”应理解为是指或者一种机械紧固(它可以被拆除)或者一种焊接(或分子的互相渗透)。后者从渗透性的观点上看给出了良好的结果并且在本发明的背景之内是实用的，因为型坯在模制过程中被熔融/软化。应当注意的是，也可使用其他技术(优选也利用了型坯被熔融/软化的事实)，例如铆接冲孔。这是在本申请人名下的申请FR 04/08196中说明的一种技术，并且该申请的内容通过引用结合在本申请之中。
在该部件包括一个紧固凸缘的情况下，该部件可以通过在该开口整个周围所做的一种焊接而被紧固到该储箱上，因此确保这种紧固的良好的不渗透性。为此目的，该部件可以在该凸缘指向该型坯的一面配备有一个肋材，该肋材一路绕着该开口的周边前进。
该部件可以由任何适合于其功能的材料制造。在以接近环境的温度运输一种流体的一条管线(如，用于储箱的一条通气管线(其目的通常是将该储箱的顶部连接到用于吸附燃料蒸汽的一种装置上或一个碳罐上)、一条蒸汽排气管线(在加注储箱时它将一些蒸汽送到加注管的顶部)、用于固定最大燃料水平的一条管线(它被这一水平的燃料堵塞致使喷嘴断开)，等等)的情况下，这条管线通常是基于一种塑料的，并且特别是基于HDPE的。它还可能包括一个阻挡层或者是完全地由阻挡材料制成的。
当该部件(至少在表面)是基于与该燃料储箱的内表面相同的材料(一般是HDPE)时，该部件紧固到该储箱上可以通过焊接来实现，这种焊接可以简单地通过使用一个附接在该内芯上的装置(它总体上包括一个用于此目的的致动器，例如一个液压致动器)将该部件推靠在该表面上。
本发明的其他具体的方面和特征将从下面以说明的方式并且通过与一种较不优选的固定方法比较而参照附图所呈现的少数几个优选实施方案变得清楚，这些附图显示：
图1：穿过在步骤B的过程中用于执行本发明方法的装置的一个示意性截面视图；
图2：穿过步骤C的过程中的来自图1的装置的一个示意性截面视图；
图3：穿过步骤E的过程中的来自图1的装置的一个示意性截面视图；
图4：穿过步骤E的过程中的来自图1的装置的一个变体的一个示意性截面视图；
图5：穿过步骤E过程中的来自图1的装置的另一个变体的一个示意性截面视图；
图6至图9：根据本发明的一个优选实施方案的方法的示意图，使用了承载一个切割装置(2)的一个矩形物体(支撑件或柱塞)(5)代替一个“针”，承载了一个具有阀瓣门(4)的部件(3)。
根据本发明的方法的基本周期可以参考图1到3进行展示，其中可以看到一个内芯10、一个附接到该内芯上的针12以及一个模具的空腔14。在步骤A的过程中，将一个型坯16引入该模具的多个空腔14中。但是，所述图中并未准确反映出本发明的内芯，因为在步骤B已经执行之后，针12从部件18开始延伸，这样使得在步骤E的过程中型坯的刺穿将发生在型坯朝向外部变形之前。这些图事实上主要是用于展示本发明的固定方法所适用的基本模制方法。
在步骤C中，该模具是关闭的，这样这些空腔14与内芯10进入密封的接触，这使得在步骤D中(如图2中所示)可以将该型坯压在该模具上。参考图3说明了部件18在型坯16的内表面上的安装(步骤E)。使用一个致动器20，将针12在型坯16的方向上移位，直至部件18已经停靠在一个进入模具的空腔14中，其中该部件的紧固元件在型坯16的内表面上，并且一个开口被刺入该型坯中。然后，将针12撤回，从而留下部件18被安置在由针12的刺穿而在型坯16产生的开口中。
图4中展示了该装置的一个变体。这张图作为部件18展示了具有穿过型坯16的一个圆柱体部分22的一个注入口颈管以及与该型坯的内表面26相接触的一个凸缘24。所展示的凸缘24还包括在其整个周长上的一个肋材28。肋材28用作一个焊接边缘。穿过部件18做出一个通道30，将用作进入该储箱的途经，以便能够加注该储箱。这条通道30的直径基本上对应于针12的基部(圆柱体部分)的直径。该部件还包括一个阀门32，该阀门使之有可能塞住通道30，一般是用来在意外事件和/或取出加注管道的情况下避免燃料损失。
图4中还展示了一个栓塞装置34。该栓塞装置34包括具有一个可移动的塞38的一个空腔区36，该塞可以移位，以便在将塞38引入通道30中时堵塞部件18中的通道30，以防止在该储箱后续的吹气模制过程中从该储箱中排出空气。
图5中展示了与图4中类似的另一个变体。该图展示了在通道30中就位的塞38。当将塞38引入部件18的通道30中时，可以使用一个可移动的支撑装置40来将部件18保持在位。形成了该模具的空腔14，使得型坯被针12移位的这部分形成了一个端片42用于连接一个套管。然后该塞38也用以防止空气被吹入空腔14与该型坯的外表面之间。
图6展示了承载一个切割装置(2)以及带有一个阀瓣门(4)的一个部件(3)的一个柱塞(5)，该柱塞在一个型坯中的固定将在接下来的图(7至9)中展示。在这些图中展示的该部件是一个注入口颈管，并且该阀瓣门是一个ICV(进口单向阀)的一部分、且停(被推向)靠在一个密封件(未示出)上。
在所述图中，展示的型坯已经以类似于图1和图2中展示的方式经历了步骤A到D、但是经历了一个步骤E，这与图3和图4中的不相同。事实上，如图7所示，被接收在柱塞(5)上的部件(3)已经将该型坯一个空腔内部压缩模制成了这些模具芯头(mold prints)(1)。直至这一压缩模制结束，该切割装置(2)都保持缩回。
然后，如在图8中所示，使所述切割装置(2)向前移动，使得向该型坯中切开一个开口。
最终，如在图9中所示，将柱塞(5)和切割装置(2)移除，使得的该部件(3)的以及该型坯的构成一个丢失(废弃)部分(6)的这个部分从其上被移除(如实际上在图9中所示)，使得该柱塞及其切割装置准备好被再次用于根据本发明的另一个方法中。在该实施方案中，可以使用一个塞(像图4和图5中的塞)来关闭已经被切入该注入口颈管中的开口，并因此防止空气被吹入该空腔与该型坯的外表面之间。
在另一个未展示的实施方案中，用来推动位于该熔化材料内部的内部塑料部件的柱塞仅产生了一个预切割，并且该注入口颈管的尖端仅在该储箱吹气(作为一个次级操作)之后才完全被打开。这个实施方案的主要优点是，在该方法的第二吹气阶段不要求用塞来处理紧密性的问题。
然而，在这个实施方案中，当该阀瓣门将被关闭时(这在最后的吹气过程中自然地发生，因为所述门默认地(在停置时)处于这个位置，例如通过使用一个弹簧)产生了一个空腔，在该吹气循环的第二阶段过程中，该空腔将具有一个不同的吹气压力。
为了防止该密封件被过压缩/损伤，该部件的设计可以有利地对该密封件压缩预知一个界限(例如通过提供一个机械停止件，该停止件可以是该密封件所在位置的沟槽，然后将该沟槽的高度进行适配以便限制该密封件的压缩)。

Claims (13)

1.用于制造装备有一个部件的一种塑料燃料储箱的方法，该方法是通过使用包括两个空腔以及一个内芯的一种模具来模制一个型坯，所述方法包括以下步骤：
A)将一个型坯引入这些模具空腔中；
B)将一个内芯引入该型坯的内部，所述内芯已经首先装配了一个部件；
C)关闭该模具，这样使得这些空腔与该内芯形成密封的接触；
D)通过经由该内芯吹气和/或在这些空腔之后施加一个真空来将该型坯压靠在这些空腔上；
E)使用一个附连到该内芯上的装置将该部件安装在该型坯的内壁上；
F)将该模具打开以便取出该内芯；并且
G)通过吹气模制和/或热成型将该型坯进行最终模制；
该方法的特征在于，步骤B包括该将部件安装在附接到该内芯上的一个针或一个矩形物体周围，该矩形物体包括一种切割装置，并且步骤E包括以下步骤：
E1)将该针或切割装置移位，以便首先将该型坯变形并且之后在该型坯中刺穿一个开口，该针或矩形物体携带该部件，以便将该部件定位于该开口中；并且
E2)撤回该针或矩形物体，从而留下被安置在该开口中的该部件。
2.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其中该型坯的变形产生了一个朝向该储箱外部的凸缘，并且其中所述凸缘、该部件以及该针/矩形物体都被接收在这些模具空腔之一中的具有适当的尺寸和形状的一个孔洞里，这是通过将一个移动部分收缩进入所述孔洞中而产生的。
3.根据以上权利要求中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该型坯是由两个分离件制成的，这两个分离件源自同一个挤出的管状型坯，该管状型坯沿着在直径上相反的两条线在其整个长度上被切开。
4.根据以上权利要求中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该针或矩形物体是相对于该内芯可移动地进行安装的。
5.根据以上权利要求中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该部件是一个注入口颈管、一条通气管线、一条OBD线路或一个电气接头。
6.根据以上权利要求中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该部件包括一条通道，该通道具有的直径与该针或该矩形物体的基部直径相似，并且该针/切割装置经过该通道刺穿该型坯，同时该型坯的变形主要是由该部件自身所引发的。
7.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，当该部件被安装在该针/矩形物体上时该通道被关闭，并且其特征在于，只有当该针/矩形物体刺穿该型坯时所述通道才被刺穿。
8.根据以上权利要求中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该部件是整合了一个ICV(入口单向阀)的一种注入口颈管，该ICV包括一个阀瓣门。
9.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤E包括以下子步骤：
当该注入口颈管的阀瓣门打开时，将处于缩回位置的承载一个切割装置的一个柱塞引入该注入口颈管中；
在这些模具空腔之一中的一个孔洞内部，该组件由该内芯推靠在该型坯上，以便压缩模制一个整合的凸缘，恢复该注入口颈管；
将该切割装置向前移动、穿过该注入口颈管的末端并且在顶部穿过该型坯切开一个开口；
将该承载了从该型坯切掉的这些部分的柱塞撤回。
10.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，将从该型坯上切掉的这些部分从该切割装置中移除，并且其特征在于，该柱塞及其切割装置都被重新用于根据以上权利要求中任何一项的方法之中。
11.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其中在步骤G的过程中，该步骤是一个吹气模制操作，使用一个塞将已经切入该注入口颈管的开口关闭。
12.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中该柱塞只造成一种预切割，并且该注入口颈管的尖端仅在一个次级(最终处理)操作过程中在该储箱模制之后才完全被打开。
13.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其中该阀瓣门停靠一个密封件上，该密封件位于在该ICV中模制的一个沟槽中，该沟槽的高度经过适配以便在步骤G过程中限制该密封件的压缩。
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