CN102057139A - 排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统 - Google Patents

排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统 Download PDF

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CN102057139A
CN102057139A CN2009801207393A CN200980120739A CN102057139A CN 102057139 A CN102057139 A CN 102057139A CN 2009801207393 A CN2009801207393 A CN 2009801207393A CN 200980120739 A CN200980120739 A CN 200980120739A CN 102057139 A CN102057139 A CN 102057139A
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catalyzer
exhaust gas
dpf
nox
oxidation catalyst
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CN102057139B (zh
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长冈大治
中田辉男
游座裕之
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种以直列的方式具有选择性还原型NOx催化剂(12)和DPF(14)、且被配置在内燃机的排气通路(2)上的排放气体净化装置(10),其中,在所述选择性还原型NOx催化剂(12)和所述DPF(14)的双方的上游侧,并列设置配设有水解催化剂(15)的尿素供给用通路(16)和配设有氧化催化剂(17)的HC供给用通路(18),而且设有向所述尿素供给用通路(16)供给尿素的尿素供给装置(20)和向所述HC供给用通路(18)供给HC的HC供给装置(21)。由此,在使用选择性还原型NOx催化剂(12)和DPF(14)双方的排放气体净化系统(1)中,可紧凑地使氨系溶液的喷射和HC的排气管内直接喷射得以兼顾。

Description

排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统
技术领域
本发明涉及可紧凑地且以低成本构成净化装置的排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统,所述排放气体净化装置用于具备选择性还原型NOx催化剂和DPF(柴油微粒过滤器:Diesel Particulate Filter)、进行尿素水喷射和排气管内燃料直接喷射的排放气体净化系统中。
背景技术
在汽车搭载的内燃机中,重要的是降低排放气体中的NOx(氮氧化物)和PM(微粒状物质)。作为用于降低该NOx的排放气体净化方法之一,有使用选择性还原型NOx催化剂(SCR催化剂)的排放气体净化方法,其向排气管中喷射尿素等氨系溶液,利用水解而生成氨,进而在沸石等吸附材料上选择性还原NOx。
该SCR(选择性催化还原:Selective Catalytic Reduction)系统多用作柴油发动机的排放气体的后处理装置。在该柴油发动机用SCR系统中,由于必须在氧化气氛中还原NOx,因而向排放气体中供给氨(NH3)或尿素(NH2)2CO)水溶液(尿素水)等还原剂,采用可选择性吸附排放气体中的NOx的选择性还原型NOx催化剂,从而将NOx分解成氮(N2)和水(H2O)而排放。
在供给尿素或尿素水溶液时,利用(NH2)2CO+H2O→2NH3+CO2的反应,在排放气体的热的作用下,尿素发生水解而产生NH3。然后,选择性还原型NOx催化剂主要利用NO+NO2+2NH3→2N2+3H2O的反应,通过NH3而将NOx还原净化。此外,有时也在下游侧设置氧化催化剂,利用4NH3+3O2→2N2+6H2O的反应,将向选择性还原型NOx催化剂的下游侧流出的剩余的NH3氧化除去。
另一方面,作为用于降低PM的方法之一,有用陶瓷制过滤器等临时捕集PM,然后将该捕集的PM燃烧除去,一边再生过滤器一边降低PM的DPF(柴油微粒过滤器)。在该DPF中,供给燃料等HC(碳氢化合物)使其燃烧。利用该燃烧热使DPF升温而将捕集的PM燃烧除去。此外,多使用在过滤器上担载贵金属催化剂而降低PM的燃烧开始温度的带催化剂的DPF。
作为该HC的供给方法,在现有技术中,在筒内(气缸内)的燃烧循环的膨胀行程中进行燃料喷射的后喷射成为主流。可是,在该后喷射中,由于在筒内温度降低时进行喷射,所以一部分燃料从气缸套落到油中。由此,出现润滑油被燃料稀释这一润滑油稀释的问题。因此,最近更优选向排气管内直接喷射燃料等HC。
但是,在使用选择性还原型催化剂和DPF双方的排放气体净化系统中,存在以下的问题。通常,在采用选择性还原型NOx催化剂的情况下,在其前段配置氧化催化剂(DOC)。其原因在于:在NO(一氧化氮)和NO2(二氧化氮)的比率为NO∶NO2=50∶50时是NOx的还原反应中最适合的条件,因而用氧化催化剂将NO氧化成NO2以接近该条件。
另外,如果将氨系溶液的喷射阀安装在氧化催化剂的上游侧而进行喷射,则通过氧化催化剂由NH3(氨)生成NO2,因此需要将该喷射阀安装在氧化催化剂的下游、选择性还原型NOx催化剂的上游。另外,在选择性还原型NOx催化剂中,由于排放气体和氨的混合对NOx净化率有较大影响,所以通常在选择性还原型NOx催化剂的上游侧需要用于提高混合效果的混合器(Mixer)。
另一方面,DPF再生用的排气管内直接喷射用燃料喷射阀为了采用氧化催化剂氧化HC而使其放热,需要安装在氧化催化剂的上游侧。因此,在现有技术的配置中,如图4所示,通过单独形成氧化催化剂(DOC)17和带催化剂的DPF(CSF)14的催化剂室10X、和选择性还原型NOx催化剂(SCR)12的催化剂室10Y,在各自的上游侧设置燃料喷射阀21和氨系溶液用喷射阀20。
但是,在这些排放气体净化系统1X中,由于在氨系溶液用喷射阀21后设置混合器27,因此系统规模大,当搭载在汽车等上时,有难以配置(布置:lay out)的问题及成本高的问题。
作为其对策的一种,例如正如日本特开2006-266192号公报所记载的那样,提出了构成比较简单的发动机排放气体净化装置:其在排气通路上,从上游侧开始依次设置第2氧化催化剂、尿素系液体供给用液体喷嘴、选择性还原型催化剂(SCR催化剂)、第1氧化催化剂、DPF,将选择性还原型催化剂、第1氧化催化剂和DPF收容在单一的转换器中。
在该发动机排放气体净化装置中,采用第2氧化催化剂将排放气体中的NO氧化成NO2,从而提高选择性还原型催化剂的NOx净化效率,同时在后喷射中增减排放气体中的碳氢化合物的量,采用选择性还原型催化剂和第1氧化催化剂将该碳氢化合物氧化而使其放热,由此将由DPF捕集的PM燃烧除去。
但是,在该发动机排放气体净化装置中,由于不是燃料等HC向排气管内直接喷射而是进行后喷射,因此后喷射时的一部分燃料从气缸套落到油中,存在润滑油被燃料稀释这一润滑油稀释的问题。另外,由于使用后喷射,所以存在的问题是:在兼顾尿素供给和向排气管内直接喷射HC的HC供给的情况下,当使排放气体净化系统进行紧凑化时不能作为参考。
专利文献1:日本特开2006-266192号公报
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述状况而完成的,其目的在于提供一种排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统,其在使用选择性还原型NOx催化剂(SCR催化剂)和DPF双方的排放气体净化系统中,能够紧凑地使氨系溶液的喷射和HC的排气管内直接喷射得以兼顾。
为实现上述的目的,本发明涉及一种排放气体净化装置,其以直列的方式具有选择性还原型NOx催化剂和DPF,且被配置在内燃机的排气通路上,该排放气体净化装置的特征在于:其构成是在所述选择性还原型NOx催化剂和所述DPF双方的上游侧,并列设置着配设有水解催化剂的尿素供给用通路和配设有氧化催化剂的HC供给用通路,而且设有向所述尿素供给用通路供给尿素的尿素供给装置和向所述HC供给用通路供给HC的HC供给装置。
此外,水解催化剂是将尿素和尿素水分解成氨的催化剂,由氧化钛等构成。氧化催化剂是能够对HC(碳氢化合物)、CO(一氧化碳)等进行氧化的催化剂,主要由铂等贵金属催化剂构成。另外,NOx吸留还原型催化剂中含有氧化催化剂。再者,关于选择性还原型NOx催化剂和DPF的前后配置,哪一个都可以配置在上游侧。
根据该构成,能够利用并列设置的各自的通路分别供给尿素和HC。因此,能够在长度较短且紧凑的排放气体净化装置中兼顾尿素的排气管内喷射和HC的排气管内直接喷射。而且在利用尿素供给装置供给尿素时,可以用水解催化剂使尿素水解而生成氨,从而供给至选择性还原型NOx催化剂。另外,与此同时,用氧化催化剂将排放气体中的NO氧化成NO2,使NO∶NO2接近50∶50,从而能够提高选择性还原型NOx催化剂的NOx的还原效率。
另外,在用于DPF再生的富空燃比控制中的利用HC供给装置的HC喷射时,采用氧化催化剂氧化HC,利用由该氧化产生的放热能够使流入DPF装置中的排放气体温度升高。因此,能够将被DPF捕集的PM高效率地燃烧除去。
在上述的排放气体净化装置中,将所述水解催化剂和所述氧化催化剂设在排气通路的同一截面内,而且其构成是在排放气体的流动方向上,在该两催化剂的全部或上游侧的一部分中、或者只在该两催化剂的上游侧、或者在从该两催化剂的上游侧到该两催化剂的全部或上游侧的一部分之间,设置有将流入该两催化剂的排放气体分离的分隔件。
根据该构成,能够使排放气体净化装置缩短、紧凑,能够由邻接的水解催化剂来利用在氧化催化剂上产生的氧化反应热。由于将尿素分解成氨的水解反应是吸热反应,因此通过利用放热反应即氧化反应的热能够高效率地从尿素生成氨。此外,作为水解催化剂和氧化催化剂的配置,优选容易将通过该两催化剂后的排放气体进行混合的配置。例如,将一方配置在内侧,将另一方以包围内侧的方式配置在外周侧。另外,由于一般排放气体在内侧处于高温,因此如果将氧化催化剂配置在外周侧,则能够对内侧的水解催化剂的温度下降和起因于该温度下降的水解效率的降低进行抑制。
在上述的排放气体净化装置中,其构成是用具有使排放气体混合的功能的担载体来形成所述水解催化剂的担载体和所述氧化催化剂的担载体中的至少一方。根据该构成,在两催化剂的下游侧的排放气体中,氨和热发生扩散而流入到下游侧的选择性还原型NOx催化剂和DPF。因此,能够高效率地进行排放气体中的NOx的净化,而且还能够高效率地进行DPF中的PM的燃烧除去。此外,即使在两催化剂间,在排放气体的流动方向上于两催化剂全部中设置分隔件时,也因从催化剂出来时的排放气体的流动方向零乱而产生混合效果。因此,能产生所述的NOx净化、DPF再生时的效果。
在上述的排放气体净化装置中,用金属制担载体形成所述水解催化剂的担载体和所述氧化催化剂的担载体中的至少一方。根据该构成,能够向水解催化剂迅速地供给在氧化催化剂上产生的热。
在上述的排放气体净化装置中,其构成是在所述选择性还原型NOx催化剂和所述DPF上以直列的方式追加设置有NOx吸留还原型催化剂。根据该构成,NOx吸留还原型催化剂在比选择性还原型NOx催化剂的活化温度更低的温度下发挥NOx净化功能。因此,NOx净化的排放气体的温度范围即发动机的运转区域得以扩大。
在上述的排放气体净化装置中,在设置NOx吸留还原型催化剂作为设在HC供给用通路上的催化剂以取代所述DPF的情况下,在HC氧化中能够产生与氧化催化剂同样的作用效果。关于NOx,由于能够发挥活化温度比选择性还原型NOx催化剂更低的NOx吸留还原型催化剂的NOx净化性能,因此能够扩大NOx净化的温度范围。
在上述的排放气体净化装置中,在用担载有氧化催化剂和PM氧化催化剂的带催化剂的DPF形成所述DPF的情况下,为了避免因氧化催化剂氧化水解的氨而成为NO2,该带催化剂的DPF优选设在选择性还原型NOx催化剂的下游侧。
此外,用于实现上述目的的排放气体净化系统采用上述排放气体净化装置构成。根据该构成,能够产生与上述排放气体净化装置同样的效果。
根据本发明的排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统,在使用选择性还原型NOx催化剂(SCR催化剂)和DPF双方的排放气体净化系统中,能够以紧凑的装置兼顾氨系溶液的喷射和HC的排气管内直接喷射。另外,由于装置紧凑,因而能够减少散发的热量,从而能够扩大使催化剂活化的发动机的运转区域。
附图说明
图1是示意表示本发明的实施方式的排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统的构成的图示。
图2是示意表示层叠有开孔平箔和开孔波形箔的PE结构的图示。
图3是示意表示层叠有开孔平箔和设有刻纹(刻み目)的波形箔的LS结构的图示。
图4是示意表示现有技术的排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统的构成的图示。
符号说明:
1   排放气体净化系统
2   发动机排气通路
10  排放气体净化装置
12  选择性还原型NOx催化剂(SCR)
13  NOx吸留还原型催化剂(LNT)
14  带催化剂的DPF(CSF)
15  水解催化剂
16  尿素供给用通路
17  氧化催化剂
18  HC供给用通路
19  分隔件
19a 向上游侧延长的管
20  尿素喷射阀(尿素供给装置)
21  燃料喷射阀(HC供给装置)
22  氧化催化剂入口排气温度传感器
23  NOx催化剂入口排气温度传感器
24  带催化剂的DPF入口排气温度传感器
25  带催化剂的DPF出口排气温度传感器
26  NOx传感器
30  控制装置(ECU)
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明的实施方式的排放气体净化装置及排放气体净化系统进行说明。
图1中示出了本发明的实施方式的排放气体净化装置10和排放气体净化系统1的构成。该排放气体净化装置10被配置在发动机的排气通路2上,其构成是在同一催化剂室内,从上游侧开始依次设置选择性还原型催化剂(SCR)12、NOx吸留还原型催化剂(LNT)13和带催化剂的DPF(CSF)14。
此外,在组合这3个排放气体净化装置12、13、24的情况下,为了避免氨的氧化,需要将选择性还原型NOx催化剂(SCR)12配置在最上游侧。NOx吸留还原型催化剂(LNT)13和带催化剂的DPF(CSF)14的位置也可以调换。此外,如果不是带催化剂的DPF14而是没有担载催化剂的DPF,也可以将DPF配置在选择性还原型NOx催化剂(SCR)12的上游侧。
选择性还原型NOx催化剂12通过在由堇青石或氧化铝或氧化钛等形成的蜂窝结构等担载体上担载二氧化钛-钒、β型沸石、氧化铬、氧化锰、氧化钼、氧化钛、氧化钨等而形成。根据该构成,通过吸附NH3(氨)并借助于该NH3来还原净化NOx。
NOx吸留还原型催化剂13通过将碱金属或碱土类金属与贵金属一同担载而形成。该催化剂13将氧过剩的排放气体中的NOx进行氧化,使其作为硝酸盐吸附在催化剂上,从而使NOx得以净化。该NOx吸留还原型催化剂13在排放气体为贫空燃比时吸留NOx,在富空燃比时释放吸留的NOx,同时在还原气氛中对该释放的NOx进行还原。由此,降低NOx。
此外,NOx吸留还原型催化剂13的NOx吸留功能能够从比选择性还原型NOx催化剂12的活化温度低的温度开始发挥。因此,通过设置NOx吸留还原型催化剂13,NOx净化功能与选择性还原型NOx催化剂12单独存在的情况相比,能够扩大NOx净化窗(window),能够以更宽的温度范围净化NOx。也就是说,能够扩大可净化NOx的排放气体的温度范围,从而扩展可净化NOx的发动机的运转区域。
带催化剂的DPF14由交替将多孔质陶瓷蜂窝的小室的入口和出口封堵而成的单块式蜂窝(monolith honeycomb)型的壁流式过滤器等形成。在该过滤器部分上担载铂、钯等氧化催化剂和氧化铈等PM氧化催化剂。排放气体中的PM被多孔质的陶瓷的壁捕集。
水解催化剂15一般通过在堇青石蜂窝等多孔质陶瓷的蜂窝结构的担载体上涂布担载有氧化钛等水解催化剂的氧化铝等催化剂涂层来形成。然而,考虑到固定支承在催化剂室中时(罐装)的难度,优选使用金属制载体或由与金属同等程度的比热材料形成的载体。由此,能够使水解催化剂15的温度均匀化。另外,优选具有能使排放气体混合的功能,换句话说,优选具有能使排放气体扩散的功能。
氧化催化剂17一般通过在堇青石蜂窝等多孔质陶瓷的蜂窝结构的担载体上涂布担载有铂等氧化催化剂的氧化铝等催化剂涂层而形成。该氧化催化剂17也与水解催化剂15同样,考虑到固定支承在催化剂室中时的难度,优选使用金属制载体。由此,能够将在氧化催化剂17上产生的热迅速地供给至水解催化剂15。另外,优选具有能使排放气体混合的功能,换句话说,优选具有能使排放气体扩散的功能。
作为具有该混合功能的金属制载体,能够采用图2所示的PE(Perforated)结构(德国EMITEC公司的名称)、和图3所示的LS(Longitudinal Structure)结构(德国EMITEC公司的名称)等。该PE结构是图2所示的、通过层叠金属制开孔平箔51和金属制开孔波形箔52而能够在通道53间流通的结构。该开孔的孔51a、52a的直径例如为φ8mm左右,其开孔率为35%左右。LS结构是图3所示的、通过层叠金属制平箔61和在金属制波形状的部分上设有刻纹(凹陷部分)62b的波形箔62而能够在通道63间流通的结构。借助于该LS结构的刻纹62b而在与通道的轴垂直的方向上形成波形。在形成为圆筒形的情况下,通过卷绕层叠有平箔51、61和波形箔52、62而成的层叠体而构成圆筒状。由此,不需要排放气体混合用混合器。
此外,作为设在HC供给通路18上的催化剂,在设置NOx吸留还原型催化剂以取代氧化催化剂17的情况下,关于HC的氧化功能,能够产生与氧化催化剂同样的作用效果。此外,关于NOx,由于能够发挥活化温度比选择性还原型NOx催化剂12低的NOx吸留还原型催化剂的NOx净化性能,因而能够扩大NOx净化的温度范围。
该两催化剂例如在同一蜂窝结构体的担载体上,在中心侧担载水解催化剂15,在其外周侧担载氧化催化剂17,将内侧作为尿素供给用通路16,将外周侧作为氧化催化剂17的HC供给用通路18。由此能够将水解催化剂15和氧化催化剂17设在排放气体装置10的排放气体的通路的同一截面内。
再者,与此同时,其构成是在排放气体的流动方向上,在该两催化剂15、17的全部或上游侧的一部分中、或者只在该两催化剂15、17的上游侧、或者在从该两催化剂15、17的上游侧到该两催化剂15、17的全部或上游侧的一部分之间,设置将流入该两催化剂15、17的排放气体分离的分隔件19。在图1中将由管形成的分隔件19设置在排放气体的流动方向的该两催化剂15、17的全部中,而且向其上游侧延长地设置。
由此,能够将水解催化剂15和氧化催化剂17设在排放气体净化装置10的排放气体的通路的同一截面内,而且能够在排放气体的流动方向上,在该两催化剂15、17的全部中以及上游侧设置将流入两催化剂15、17的排放气体分离的分隔件19。此外,其构成也可以根据扩散效果和混合效果的不同,设置在排放气体的流动方向上的两催化剂15、17的上游侧的一部分中、或仅设置在两催化剂15、17的上游侧。
根据该构成,可在尿素供给用通路16和HC供给用通路18的边界设置分隔件19,在选择性还原型NOx催化剂12的上游侧,并列设置配设有水解催化剂15的尿素供给用通路16和配设有氧化催化剂(或NOx吸留还原型催化剂)17的HC供给用通路18。
此外,在向该上游侧延长的管19a的内侧配置尿素喷射阀20,在外侧配置燃料喷射阀21。此外,排放气体以大致均等地流入两催化剂15、17的方式形成。也就是说,其构成是在催化剂室11的入口侧部分设置有用于向尿素供给用通路16供给尿素的尿素供给装置即尿素喷射阀20、和向HC供给用通路18供给HC的HC供给装置即燃料喷射阀21。
尿素供给装置即尿素喷射阀20通过未图示的配管与未图示的尿素储罐连结,从而供给尿素或尿素水。通过用水解催化剂15水解这些尿素而生成氨,然后将该氨供给至选择性还原型NOx催化剂12。
HC供给装置即燃料喷射阀21通过未图示的配管与未图示的HC储罐连结。在将由带催化剂的DPF14捕集的PM燃烧除去的情况下,在排放气体温度较低时,由该燃料喷射阀21向排放气体中供给燃料等未燃HC。用氧化催化剂17将该未燃的HC氧化,利用该氧化热使排放气体温度上升。使该温度上升的排放气体流入带催化剂的DPF 14,从而将捕集的PM燃烧除去。此外,根据该HC的排气管内直接喷射,与通过气缸内燃料喷射控制进行后喷射的情况相比,能够避免在后喷射时因未燃燃料混入润滑油中而使润滑油稀释的润滑油稀释的问题。
根据上述构成,能够使排放气体净化装置10缩短、紧凑。因此,能够由邻接的水解催化剂15来利用在氧化催化剂17上产生的氧化反应热。其结果是,将尿素分解成氨的水解反应虽然为吸热反应,但能够利用放热反应即氧化反应的热,从而能够高效率地由尿素生成氨。
此外,作为水解催化剂15和氧化催化剂17的配置,为容易对通过该两催化剂15、17后的排放气体进行混合的配置。由于一般排放气体内侧处于高温,因此如果这样将氧化催化剂17配置在外周侧,则能够对内侧的水解催化剂15的温度下降和起因于该温度下降的水解效率的降低进行抑制。
在氧化催化剂17的上游侧设有氧化催化剂入口排气温度传感器22,在氧化催化剂17与选择性还原型NOx催化剂12之间设有NOx催化剂入口排气温度传感器23,在NOx吸留还原型催化剂13与带催化剂的DPF14之间设有带催化剂的DPF入口排气温度传感器24,在带催化剂的DPF14的下游侧设有带催化剂的DPF出口排气温度传感器25。另外,NOx传感器26被设在带催化剂的DPF14的下游侧。另外,虽未图示,但为了推断带催化剂的DPF14的PM的堆积程度,还设有用于测量带催化剂的DPF14的前后压差的压差传感器。
将这些传感器的检测值输入给进行发动机运转的全盘控制的控制装置(ECU:发动机控制装置)30。根据来自该控制装置30的输出,不仅控制发动机,而且还控制尿素喷射阀20和燃料喷射阀21。
在采用上述的排放气体净化装置10的排放气体净化系统1中,在喷射尿素时,从尿素喷射阀20只向水解催化剂15的部分喷射尿素或尿素水,通过水解而生成氨。以该氨作为还原剂,用选择性还原型NOx催化剂12还原NOx。另一方面,在外周侧的氧化催化剂17上进行NO→NO2氧化反应,促进选择性还原型NOx催化剂12中的NOx还原反应。
为了在用于将由带催化剂的DPF14捕集的PM燃烧除去的DPF再生控制中进行的富空燃比控制,在从燃料喷射阀21供给HC的HC喷射时,只向外周侧的氧化催化剂17供给HC。该HC因氧化反应而放热,使带催化剂的DPF14升温,从而进行PM的燃烧除去。
另外,图1的排放气体净化系统1作为选择性还原型NOx催化剂12和NOx吸留还原型催化剂13的系统而构成。因此,在通过来自燃料喷射阀21的HC喷射而进行用于恢复NOx吸留还原型催化剂13的NOx吸留能力的富空燃比控制的情况下,也能够从燃料喷射阀21供给HC作为还原剂。
根据上述构成的排放气体净化装置10,能够通过并列设置的尿素供给用通路16和HC供给用通路18分别供给尿素和HC。因此,能够用长度短且紧凑的排放气体净化装置来兼顾尿素的排气管内喷射和HC的排气管内直接喷射。
而且在利用尿素喷射阀20供给尿素时,能够用水解催化剂15水解尿素来生成氨,从而供给至选择性还原型NOx催化剂12。此外,通过用氧化催化剂17将排放气体中的NO氧化成NO2,使NO∶NO2接近50∶50,能够提高选择性还原型NOx催化剂12中的NOx的还原效率。
另外,在用于DPF再生的富空燃比控制中的利用燃料喷射阀21的HC喷射时,通过用氧化催化剂17氧化HC,能够利用该氧化的放热而使流入带催化剂的DPF14的排放气体温度升高,从而高效率地将被带催化剂的DPF14所捕集的PM燃烧除去。
另外,如果用具有使排放气体混合的功能的担载体形成水解催化剂15的担载体和氧化催化剂17的担载体中的至少一方,则对于两催化剂15、17的下游侧的排放气体,在氨和热发生扩散后流入下游侧的选择性还原型NOx催化剂12和带催化剂的DPF14。因此,能够高效率地进行排放气体中的NOx的净化,并且还能够高效率地进行带催化剂的DPF14中的PM的燃烧除去。
此外,即使在两催化剂15、17间,在排放气体的流动方向上于两催化剂15、17的全部中设置分隔件19时,也因从催化剂15、17出来时的排放气体的流动方向零乱而产生混合效果。因此,能够提高NOx净化、DPF再生的效率。
具有上述的优异效果的本发明的排放气体净化装置和排放气体净化系统,对于设置在车辆内搭载的内燃机等中、并具备选择性还原型NOx催化剂和DPF、进行尿素水喷射和排气管内燃料直接喷射的NOx气体净化系统,能极其有效地进行利用。

Claims (8)

1.一种排放气体净化装置,其以直列的方式具有选择性还原型NOx催化剂和DPF,且被配置在内燃机的排气通路上,该排放气体净化装置的特征在于:在所述选择性还原型NOx催化剂和所述DPF双方的上游侧,并列设置着配设有水解催化剂的尿素供给用通路和配设有氧化催化剂的HC供给用通路,而且设有向所述尿素供给用通路供给尿素的尿素供给装置和向所述HC供给用通路供给HC的HC供给装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排放气体净化装置,其特征在于:将所述水解催化剂和所述氧化催化剂设在排气通路的同一截面内,而且在排放气体的流动方向上,在该两催化剂的全部或上游侧的一部分中、或者只在该两催化剂的上游侧、或者在从该两催化剂的上游侧到该两催化剂的全部或上游侧的一部分之间,设置有将流入该两催化剂的排放气体分离的分隔件。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的排放气体净化装置,其特征在于:用具有使排放气体混合的功能的担载体来形成所述水解催化剂的担载体和所述氧化催化剂的担载体中的至少一方。
4.根据权利要求1~3中的任一项所述的排放气体净化装置,其特征在于:用金属制担载体形成所述水解催化剂的担载体和所述氧化催化剂的担载体中的至少一方。
5.根据权利要求1~4中的任一项所述的排放气体净化装置,其特征在于:在所述选择性还原型NOx催化剂和所述DPF上以直列的方式追加设置有NOx吸留还原型催化剂。
6.根据权利要求1~4中的任一项所述的排放气体净化装置,其特征在于:设置有NOx吸留还原型催化剂以取代所述DPF。
7.根据权利要求1~6中的任一项所述的排放气体净化装置,其特征在于:用担载有氧化催化剂和PM氧化催化剂的带催化剂的DPF形成所述DPF。
8.一种排放气体净化系统,其特征在于:采用权利要求1~7中的任一项所述的排放气体净化装置。
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