CN102055257A - Electric motor and/or generator with mechanically tuneable permanent magnetic field - Google Patents
Electric motor and/or generator with mechanically tuneable permanent magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102055257A CN102055257A CN201010533434XA CN201010533434A CN102055257A CN 102055257 A CN102055257 A CN 102055257A CN 201010533434X A CN201010533434X A CN 201010533434XA CN 201010533434 A CN201010533434 A CN 201010533434A CN 102055257 A CN102055257 A CN 102055257A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an apparatus and a method for tuning the magnetic field of brushless motors and alternators to obtain efficient operation over a broad RPM range. The motor or alternator comprises fixed windings (or stator) around a rotating rotor carrying permanent magnets. The permanent magnets are generally cylindrical and have North and South poles formed longitudinally in the magnets. Magnetically conducting circuits are formed by the magnets residing in magnetic conducting pole pieces (for example, low carbon or soft steel, and/or laminated insulated layers, of non-magnetizable material). Rotating the permanent magnets, or rotating non-magnetically conducting shunting pieces, inside the pole pieces, either strengthens or weakens the resulting magnetic field to adjust the motor or alternator for low RPM torque or for efficient high RPM efficiency. Varying the rotor magnetic field adjusts the voltage output of the alternators allowing, for example, a windmill generator, to maintain a fixed voltage output.
Description
Technical field
The application is the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 12/610 of application on October 30th, 2009, the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 12/610 of application on October 30th, 184 and 2009,271 part continuity application, the full content of described two U.S. Patent applications is incorporated among the application by reference.
Background technology
The present invention relates to a kind of electro-motor and generator, be specifically related to adjust fixed magnets in the rotor and/or not magnetic conduction along separate routes the orientation of piece to obtain the valid function under various revolutions per minutes.
Brushless DC motor need be operated under various revolutions per minutes usually, but can only obtain effectively operation on limited revolutions per minute scope.In addition, generator and alternating current generator need be operated on the revolutions per minute scope of broad usually.For example, AC generator for vehicle with the proportional revolutions per minute of erpm under operate, and the wind-force alternating current generator with the proportional revolutions per minute of wind speed under operate.Unfortunately, known alternating current generator with the proportional voltage of revolutions per minute under generate electricity.Because revolutions per minute can't be controlled easily, need other elements adjusting output voltage usually, this has increased invalid forthright, complexity and cost to alternator system.
Once there were some designs to attempt widening the revolutions per minute scope allowing motor efficient under very low revolutions per minute, and still obtained the operation of efficient higher revolutions per minute with " reduction ".Permanent magnet syncmotor (IPMSM) or AC synchronous induction motor in this reduction can be applied to allow 3 to 4 times reference speed (revolutions per minute) and have rational efficient.Unfortunately, carrying out a reduction with conventional method can sacrifice the efficient under higher revolutions per minute and increase controller algorithm and the complexity of software.
In the application of generator/alternator, output voltage and magnetic flux density are proportional, need interior converter of AC generator for vehicle or independent electromagnetic excitation coil, AC generator for vehicle has only 60% to 70% efficient, because this alternating current generator must be operated on very wide revolutions per minute scope.Similar problem also is present in the wind-driven generator, and the wind speed that wherein runs into changes and causes the poor efficiency of operating.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves described and other needs by the magnetic field that is provided for regulating brushless motor and alternating current generator with the apparatus and method that obtain the valid function on broad revolutions per minute scope.Described motor or alternating current generator comprise around the fixedly winding (or stator) of the rotary rotor of carrying permanent magnet.Permanent magnet is roughly cylindrical and has north (N) utmost point and south (S) utmost point that vertically forms in magnet.Magnetic conductive loop is formed by the magnet that is arranged in leading pole piece (for example unmagnetized material make low-carbon (LC) or mild steel and/or stacked insulating barrier).Rotate permanent magnet or rotate not magnetic conduction shunt piece in utmost point piece, with the magnetic field that strengthens or weaken generation, thereby adjustment motor or alternating current generator are used for low revolutions per minute torque or are used for effective high revolutions per minute efficient.Change the rotor field and adjust the voltage output of alternating current generator, the voltage output that allows wind-driven generator for example to be maintained fixed.The other materials that is used in the rotor is roughly for example stainless nonmagnetic substance.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide the magnetic flux density of a kind of apparatus and method, thereby the efficient of improved detent torque and high revolutions per minute is provided with the rotor/armature in the change electro-motor.
According to a further aspect in the invention, thus provide apparatus and method to be independent of the revolutions per minute control output voltage with the magnetic flux density that changes the rotor/armature of generator/ac generator in using.Many known alternating current generators are used uncontrollable alternating current generator revolutions per minute, for example, must with the proportional revolutions per minute of erpm under the AC generator for vehicle of operating and stand the wind-driven generator of wind speed influence.The magnetic flux density that changes rotor/armature allows to be independent of revolutions per minute and comes control output voltage, has eliminated the needs to converter or independent electromagnetic excitation coil thus.
According to another aspect of the invention, provide apparatus and method so that long permanent magnet aligns or do not line up the magnetic field that changes motor or generator so that rotatable magnet is with fixing partly by rotating half elongated cylindrical permanent magnet.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide apparatus and method with by making magnetic shunt piece and fixed permanent magnet synergic rotation change the magnetic field of motor or generator.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, apparatus and method are provided, described apparatus and method can be suitable for changing the magnetic field of the motor that is suitable for being applied to induction motor, thus the motor magnetic field intensity that provides the low-intensity magnetic field to be used for and the valid function that high-intensity magnetic field is used for synchronous mode is provided with the asynchronous mode starter.
Description of drawings
It will be more apparent that described and other aspects of the present invention, feature and advantage are carried out following specific descriptions by the reference accompanying drawing to it, wherein:
Figure 1A is the end view according to restructural electro-motor of the present invention.
Figure 1B is the end-view according to restructural electro-motor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of being got along Figure 1A center line 2-2 according to restructural electro-motor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the stereogram according to cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the stereogram according to cylindrical four-pole permanent magnet body of the present invention.
Fig. 5 A is the end view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of radially aligned structure.
Fig. 5 B is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of radially aligned structure.
Fig. 6 A is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of radially aligned structure, and wherein the two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing maximum (or strong) magnetic field.
Fig. 6 B is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of radially aligned structure, and wherein the two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used to produce moderate magnetic field.
Fig. 6 C is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of radially aligned structure, and wherein the two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing minimum (or weak) magnetic field.
Fig. 7 A shows the high-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Fig. 6 A.
Fig. 7 B shows the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Fig. 6 C.
Fig. 8 is the end view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure.
Fig. 9 is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure.
Figure 10 A is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and wherein the two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing maximum (or strong) magnetic field.
Figure 10 B is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and wherein the two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used to produce moderate magnetic field.
Figure 10 C is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and wherein the two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing minimum (or weak) magnetic field.
Figure 11 A shows the high-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Figure 10 A.
Figure 11 B shows the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Figure 10 C.
Figure 12 is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, wherein some cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is become radially aligned structure.
Figure 13 is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, wherein some cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is become the magnetic flux compressional structure.
Figure 14 be into radially aligned structure, the permanent magnet and the fixing end-view of outer magnet rotor in mixing according to the present invention is adjustable, wherein the inner magnet alignment is used to produce maximum magnetic flux.
Figure 15 A be into radially aligned structure, the permanent magnet and the fixing end-view of outer magnet rotor in mixing according to the present invention is adjustable, it is adjusted to and is used to produce maximum field.
Figure 15 B be into radially aligned structure, the permanent magnet and the fixing end-view of outer magnet rotor in mixing according to the present invention is adjustable, it is adjusted to and is used to produce minimum-B configuration.
The permanent magnet and the fixing end-view of outer magnet rotor in Figure 16 is the magnetic flux compressional structure, mixing according to the present invention is adjustable.
The permanent magnet and the fixing end-view of outer magnet rotor in Figure 17 A is the magnetic flux compressional structure, mixing according to the present invention is adjustable, it is adjusted to and is used to produce maximum field.
The permanent magnet and the fixing end-view of outer magnet rotor in Figure 17 B is the magnetic flux compressional structure, mixing according to the present invention is adjustable, it is adjusted to and is used to produce minimum-B configuration.
Figure 18 is the end-view that is used to make up stacked utmost point piece according to of the present invention.
Figure 18 A is the local 18A of Figure 18.
Figure 19 A is used to adjust the end view of first execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of first magnet positions.
Figure 19 B is used to adjust the end-view of first execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of first magnet positions.
Figure 20 A is used to adjust the end view of first execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of second magnet positions.
Figure 20 B is used to adjust the end-view of first execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of second magnet positions.
Figure 21 A is used to adjust the end view of second execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of first magnet positions.
Figure 21 B is used to adjust the end-view of second execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of first magnet positions.
Figure 22 A is used to adjust the end view of second execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of second magnet positions.
Figure 22 B is used to adjust the end-view of second execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of second magnet positions.
Figure 23 A is used to adjust the end view of the 3rd execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of first magnet positions.
Figure 23 B is used to adjust the end-view of the 3rd execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of first magnet positions.
Figure 24 A is used to adjust the end view of the 3rd execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of second magnet positions.
Figure 24 B is used to adjust the end-view of the 3rd execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of second magnet positions.
Figure 25 A show a kind of mixing that is used to be adjusted to the radially aligned structure according to the present invention adjustable in permanent magnet and the fixing alternative geared system of the position of permanent magnet in cylindrical the two poles of the earth of outer magnet rotor.
Figure 25 B show a kind of mixing that is used to be adjusted to the magnetic flux compressional structure according to the present invention adjustable in permanent magnet and the fixing alternative geared system of the position of permanent magnet in cylindrical the two poles of the earth of outer magnet rotor.
Figure 26 A is the end view according to the bias system of the magnet positions that is used to control motor of the present invention.
Figure 26 B is the end-view according to the bias system of the magnet positions that is used to control motor of the present invention.
Figure 27 A is the end view that is used to control the bias system of magnet of generator position according to of the present invention.
Figure 27 B is the end-view that is used to control the bias system of magnet of generator position according to of the present invention.
Figure 28 A has rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and a coaxial end view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor of fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet and being used to control the bias system of magnet positions according to of the present invention.
Figure 28 B be got along Figure 28 A center line 28B-28B, have rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and a coaxial front view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor of fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet and being used to control the bias system of magnet positions according to of the present invention.
Figure 29 A has rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and the coaxial end view of rotor of fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet and being used to control the bias system of magnet positions.
Figure 29 B has rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and the coaxial front view of rotor of fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet and being used to control the bias system of magnet positions.
Figure 30 A is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, and wherein removable magnetic shunt piece alignment is to provide high-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 30 B is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, and wherein removable magnetic shunt piece does not line up so that low-intensity magnetic field to be provided.
Figure 31 A is the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, shows the high-intensity magnetic field by removable magnetic shunt piece alignment is obtained.
Figure 31 B is the end view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, shows by making removable magnetic shunt piece not line up the low-intensity magnetic field that obtains.
Corresponding Reference numeral is indicated corresponding parts in all some views of accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Following description is that current conception is used to realize best mode of the present invention.This description is not the meaning for restriction, and only for the purpose of describing one or more preferred implementations of the present invention.Scope of the present invention should be determined with reference to claim.
Figure 1A shows the end view according to restructural electro-motor 10 of the present invention, and Figure 1B shows the end-view of restructural electro-motor 10, and Fig. 2 shows the cross-sectional view of the restructural electro-motor of being got along the line 2-2 among Figure 1A 10.The rotor 12 that described motor 10 comprises stator winding 14 and is positioned at the stator winding inboard.Described motor 10 is the brushless alternating current impression motor that comprises magnetic circuit, described magnetic circuit is included at least one permanent magnet 16 (seeing Fig. 3-7) or the removable magnetic shunt piece 80 (seeing Figure 30 A and 30B) in the rotor 12, and the magnetic field that described magnet 16 or magnetic shunt piece 80 can be adjusted with control rotor on the revolutions per minute of certain limit is used for valid function.
Fig. 3 shows the stereogram according to cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 of the present invention, and Fig. 4 shows the stereogram according to cylindrical four-pole permanent magnet body 16a of the present invention.The length along magnet of the utmost point of magnet 16 and magnet 16a such as dotted line indication is extended.
Fig. 5 A shows the end view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12a of the present invention of radially aligned structure, and Fig. 5 B shows the end-view of the adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12a of radially aligned structure.Rotor 12 comprises magnet 16, interior utmost point piece 18, outer utmost point piece 20 and non magnetic packing ring 22.Utmost point piece is magnetic conduction but not magnetizable material, and the magnetic field of described conduct magnet 16 is to form the rotor field.Described packing ring 22 is separated interior utmost point piece 18 with outer utmost point piece 20, and outer utmost point piece 20 is separated in air gap 23.Magnet 16 be roughly cylindrical and with motor drive shaft 11 axially parallels, but also can use the magnet of other shapes.
Fig. 6 A shows the end-view of 16 alignment of two-poled permanent magnets wherein with the adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12a that produces maximum (or strong) magnetic field 24a (seeing Fig. 7 A), Fig. 6 B shows the end-view of 16 alignment of two-poled permanent magnets wherein with the adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12a that produces moderate magnetic field, and Fig. 6 C shows the end-view of wherein two-poled permanent magnets 16 alignment with the adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12a that produces minimum (or weak) magnetic field 24b (seeing Fig. 7 B).In electro-motor, provide the alignment of high-intensity magnetic field that high torque (HT) under the low revolutions per minute is provided, and provide the alignment of low-intensity magnetic field that valid function under the high revolutions per minute is provided.In generator, can adjust output voltage by the alignment of adjusting magnet, thereby allow to have constant voltage such as having in the generator that changes revolutions per minute of AC generator for vehicle and wind-driven generator.
Fig. 7 A shows the high-intensity magnetic field 24a corresponding to Fig. 6 A, and Fig. 7 B shows the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Fig. 6 C.
Fig. 8 is the end view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12b of the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and Fig. 9 shows the end-view of described adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12b.Rotor 12b comprises magnet 16, utmost point piece 21 and air gap 23.Utmost point piece is magnetic conduction but not magnetizable material, and magnetic field of its conduction magnet 16 is to form the rotor field.Utmost point piece 21 is separated in air gap 23.
Figure 10 A shows the end-view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12b, wherein two-poled permanent magnets 16 alignment produce maximum (or strong) magnetic field 24a ' (seeing Figure 11 A), Figure 10 B shows the end-view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12b, wherein two-poled permanent magnets 16 alignment produce moderate magnetic field, Figure 10 C shows the end-view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12b, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets 16 alignment produce minimum (or weak) magnetic field 24b ' (seeing Figure 11 B).In electro-motor, provide the alignment of high-intensity magnetic field that high torque (HT) under the low revolutions per minute is provided, and provide the alignment of low-intensity magnetic field that valid function under the high revolutions per minute is provided.In generator, can adjust output voltage by the alignment of adjusting magnet, thereby allow to have constant voltage such as having in the generator that changes revolutions per minute of AC generator for vehicle and wind-driven generator.
Figure 11 A shows the high-intensity magnetic field 24a ' corresponding to Figure 10 A, and Figure 11 B shows the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Figure 10 C.
Figure 12 shows the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12c of the present invention, it has some to the cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 of aligned configuration radially, Figure 13 shows the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12d of the present invention, and it has some cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 to the magnetic flux compressional structure.The invention is not restricted to single or paired permanent magnet, the magnet of any amount can be formed the group that is applicable to application.For example 3,4,5 or more a plurality of magnet can replace the magnet shown in Figure 12 and 13 right.
Figure 14 show according to of the present invention comprise adjustable in permanent magnet 16 end-view that becomes radially aligned to construct with the fixing mixed rotor 12a ' of outer magnet 17.In adjustable permanent magnet 16 and fixedly the combination of outer magnet 17 allow the additional design of rotor field.Figure 15 A show mix adjustable in permanent magnet and fixedly outer magnet rotor 12a ' be adjusted to the end-view that produces maximum field, Figure 15 B show be mix adjustable in permanent magnet and fixedly outer magnet rotor 12a ' be adjusted to the end-view that produces minimum-B configuration.
Figure 16 show according to of the present invention comprise adjustable in permanent magnet 16 become the end-view of magnetic flux compressional structure with the fixing mixed rotor 12b ' of outer magnet 17.In adjustable permanent magnet 16 and fixedly the combination of outer magnet 17 allow the additional design of rotor field.Figure 17 A show mix adjustable in permanent magnet and fixedly outer magnet rotor 12b ' be adjusted to the end-view that produces maximum field, Figure 15 B show mix adjustable in permanent magnet and fixedly outer magnet rotor 12b ' be adjusted to the end-view that produces minimum-B configuration.
Figure 18 shows the end-view of the element 30 that is used to make up stacked utmost point piece, and Figure 18 A shows the local 18A of Figure 18.Rotor passes through usually with a plurality of element 30 stacked formations, and each element 30 preferably applies with electric insulation layer.Element 30 has radius R r, comprises circular excision portion 32 that is used for cylindrical magnet 16 with radius R m and the air gap 34 with width W ag.The stacked utmost point piece that is used for other execution modes of the present invention makes up similarly.
Figure 19 A shows and is used to adjust the end view of first execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40a of first magnet positions, Figure 19 B shows and is used to adjust the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40a of first magnet positions, Figure 20 A shows and is used to adjust the end view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40a of second magnet positions, and Figure 20 B shows and is used to adjust the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40a of second magnet positions.The device 40a that is used to adjust comprises the linear motor 42 that is preferably stepper motor, by the axially actuated axle 48 of described linear motor 42, by the axially actuated ring 46 of axle 48 and (one or more) arm 44 that activates and be connected to one of six tooth bars 52 by ring 46.Tooth bar 52 engages and is attached to the gear 50 of magnet 16 with rotating magnet 16.Axle 48 activated to the right tooth bar 52 is radially drawn in, axle 48 activated left tooth bar 52 is radially released, thereby by the gear 50 direct rotating magnets of direct joint tooth bar 52, remaining magnet 16 is coupled to actuating device by the tooth bar between adjacent gear 50.
Figure 21 A shows and is used to adjust the end view of second execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40b of first magnet positions, Figure 21 B shows the end-view that the device 40b that is used to adjust cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in first magnet positions, Figure 22 A shows and is used to adjust the end view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40b of second magnet positions, and Figure 22 B shows and adjusts the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40b of second magnet positions.The device 40b that is used to adjust comprises the linear motor 42 that is preferably stepper motor, by the axially actuated axle 48 of described linear motor 42, by axially actuated ring 46 of described axle 48 and the crooked elbows 45 that activates and be connected to one of six tooth bars 52 by described ring 46.Crooked elbows 45 biases to the bending position that for example has 90 ° of bendings.When ring 46 moved right with release bend arm 45, bend arm 45 was relaxed to bending position and tooth bar 52 is radially drawn in.When ring 46 is moved to the left when applying power on bend arm 45, bend arm 45 stretches and tooth bar 52 is radially released.Tooth bar 52 engages and is attached to the gear 50 of magnet 16 with rotating magnet 16.Linear motor 42 activates to the right thereby tooth bar 52 is radially drawn in, linear motor 42 activates left radially to be released tooth bar 52, thereby by directly engaging the gear 50 direct rotating magnets 16 of tooth bar 52, remaining magnet 16 is coupled to actuating device by the tooth bar between adjacent gear 50 52.
Figure 23 A shows and is used to adjust the end view of the 3rd execution mode that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40c of first magnet positions, Figure 23 B shows and is used to adjust the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40c of first magnet positions, Figure 24 A shows and is used to adjust the end view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40c of second magnet positions, and Figure 24 B shows and is used to adjust the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40c of second magnet positions.The device 40c that is used to adjust comprises the linear motor 42 that is preferably stepper motor, by the axially actuated axle 48 of described linear motor 42, be connected in the first piston 47 of described axle 48 and be communicated with and be connected to second piston 49 of one of six tooth bars 52 with described piston 47 fluids.When piston 47 moved right, second piston 49 was radially taken in, and tooth bar 52 is radially drawn in.When ring 46 was moved to the left, piston 47 was moved to the left, and piston 49 radially shifts out, and tooth bar 52 is radially released.Tooth bar 52 engages and is attached to the gear 50 of magnet 16 with rotating magnet 16.Linear motor 42 activates to the right thereby tooth bar 52 is radially drawn in, linear motor 42 activates left radially to be released tooth bar 52, thereby by directly engaging the gear 50 direct rotating magnets 16 of tooth bar 52, all the other magnets 16 are coupled to actuating device by the tooth bar between adjacent gear 50 52.
Figure 25 A shows a kind of according to another geared system of the present invention, be used to be adjusted to the mixing of radially aligned structure adjustable in permanent magnet and the fixing position of permanent magnet 16 in cylindrical the two poles of the earth of outer magnet rotor.Small magnet gear 50 is fixed in an end of each magnet 16.Big central gear 51 engages each small magnet gear 50, and makes each magnet 16 keep approximate (as long as can there be certain gear play in the magnet close alignment) identical alignment, and scalable is to adjust the alignment of magnet 16 from low-intensity magnetic field to high-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 25 B shows another geared system, be used to be adjusted to the mixing of magnetic flux compressional structure adjustable in permanent magnet and the fixing position of permanent magnet in cylindrical the two poles of the earth of outer magnet rotor.Little central gear 50 only engages replace in the small magnet gear 50 several, pinion 50 engages each adjacent gear 50, thereby make each magnet 16 keep approximate (as long as magnet close alignment, can have certain gear play) identical alignment, and scalable is to adjust the alignment of magnet 16 from low-intensity magnetic field to high-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 26 A shows the end view according to the bias system of the magnet positions that is used to control motor of the present invention, and Figure 26 B shows the end-view that is used for by the bias system of metal wire 70 control motor magnets positions.The unidirectional dc voltage conversion that controller 64 will come from power supply 68 becomes to be used for the trapezoidal or sinusoidal waveform of three-phase of three-phase motor.Use one to the direct current incoming line generation of field coil 60 and the proportional electromagnetic field of load on the motor.The resistance of field coil 60 is very low and can not be reduced to the input voltage of motor or increase resistance slightly.The action of a magnetic field the dish 62 on and against crooked elbows 45 left the promotion dish with rotating magnet 16.
When motor load increases, electromagnetic field and load increase pro rata, the calibration load only is slightly smaller than the required load of rotation that overcomes magnet 16, dump loop (tipping circuit) 66 and be the shunt controller, the little electric current of the electromagnetic force that adds to biasing armature 62 is provided, thereby final power is provided, and this final power is controlled the rotation of the magnet 16 of control rotor field.Controller 64 is preferably converter type, and it is transformed to unidirectional direct current to the three-phase waveform of stator magnetic field energy supply with rotary rotor.
Bias actuator comprises super-low resistance coil 60 and armature 62, and described armature 62 produces and the proportional power of load current, and the intrinsic property application of force of described load current opposing magnet 16 is to remain on the low-intensity magnetic field position.Dumping loop 66 is low power flip-flop controllers, and it offers bias actuator with extra electric current, and described bias actuator can utilize very little electric energy rotating magnet 16 magnetic field is adjusted to strong position or weak position.
Figure 27 A shows the end view according to the bias system of the position that is used to control magnet of generator 16 of the present invention, and Figure 27 B shows the end-view of the bias system of the position that is used to control magnet of generator 16.Generator can be driven as generator/alternator to produce the electric energy of described phase or any phase.
The phase electric energy output of generator/alternator is general through multiphase current being transformed to six diode arrays 72 of single-phase DC electricity.The output of one of output DC line is transferred to low resistance bias coil 60 and armature 62, and described low resistance bias coil 60 and armature 62 produce the counter-force that turns to the low-intensity magnetic field position against magnet 16 naturally.With with Figure 26 A and 26B in the identical mode of motor structure, dump controller and provide little extracurrent for coil 60 and armature 62, thus to overcome the turned position and the magnetic field of magnetic force control magnet.Dumping loop control unit is electron crystal cast switch, and it can provide the electric energy of the variable quantity of the bias force that will add to coil 60 and armature 62.
Figure 28 A shows the end view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12e of the present invention, this adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12e has the rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet 16c of alignment orientation, the coaxial Adjustment System of fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet 16d and being used to control magnet positions, and Figure 28 B shows the cross-sectional view of the adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12e that is got along Figure 28 A center line 28B-28B.Figure 29 A shows wherein rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet 16c and coaxial second end view of fixing the rotor 12e that half elongated cylindrical magnet 16d do not line up, and Figure 29 B shows the cross-sectional view of the adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12e that is got along Figure 29 A center line 29B-29B.When magnet 16c aligns (utmost point that is magnet 16c and 16d aligns) with 16d, produced high-intensity magnetic field, and when the utmost point of 180 ° of magnet 16c rotations and magnet 16c and 16d does not line up, then produced low-intensity magnetic field.
Adjustment System comprises the pinion 52 that is attached to magnet 16c, the rack gear 56 that endwisely slips that radially slides rack gear 52 and cooperate with second pinion 54 of cooperating with the pinion 50 and second pinion 54.The rack gear that endwisely slips 56 can use solenoid electrically, hydraulically (see Figure 23 A-24B), by linear motor, by linear step motor, activate by bar or by any device, thereby the rack gear 56 that endwisely slips is moved in the axial direction.The axial translation of the rack gear that endwisely slips 56 is coupled to second pinion 54 to rotate second pinion 54.Thereby the rotation of second pinion 54 is coupled to and radially slides carry-over bar transmission mechanism 52 and make and radially slide rack gear 52 and move radially.Radially slide moving radially of rack gear 52 and be coupled to first pinion 50, rotating first pinion 50, thereby rotating magnet 16c so that magnet 16c aligns with magnet 16d and do not line up, and then optionally produces high-intensity magnetic field and low-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 30 A shows the end-view according to adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12f of the present invention, wherein removable magnetic shunt piece 80 aligns so that high-intensity magnetic field to be provided with fixing outer permanent magnet 17 and fixing interior permanent magnet 16e, Figure 30 B shows the end-view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12f, wherein removable magnetic shunt piece 80 rotate and with fixed permanent magnet 17 and 16e not to it so that low-intensity magnetic field to be provided.Removable magnetic shunt piece 80 is preferably cylindrical and by magnetic conduction, magnetisable material is not made, and comprises that the center of passing removable magnetic shunt piece 80 is divided into two-part excellent 80a with removable magnetic shunt piece 80.Rod 80a is made by non-magnet_conductible material and is preferably made by non-iron non-magnetic material.Removable magnetic shunt piece 80 can use any described Adjustment System that is used for describing as this paper moving magnet to move (or adjustment), and motor or generator that the removable shunt piece of any use is changed into low-intensity magnetic field with magnetic field from high-intensity magnetic field are all intended within the scope of the invention.
Figure 31 A shows the end-view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12f, show high-intensity magnetic field 24a by making removable magnetic shunt piece align and obtain with magnet 16e "; Figure 31 A shows the end-view of adjustable permanent magnet rotor 12f, shows by making removable magnetic shunt piece and magnet 16e not line up the low-intensity magnetic field 24b that obtains ".Various other execution modes that comprise the rotor of the magnetic conductive loop with removable magnetic shunt piece will be apparent for those of ordinary skill in the art, for example be positioned at the magnet outside, have the permeable segments that angle replaces mutually and the circular cylindrical shell of non-permeable segments, and also be intended within the scope of the invention having any rotor that this and (one or more) cooperation with magnets removable magnetic shunt piece use in the motor that optionally produces high-intensity magnetic field and low-intensity magnetic field or generator.
Though invention disclosed herein is described by its embodiment and application, those of ordinary skills still can carry out multiple modification and modification to it and not break away from the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. one kind is used for the rotor that the electro-motor changed or generator use between electric energy and mechanical energy, and described rotor comprises:
The fixed pole piece, described fixed pole piece is made by the not magnetisable material of magnetic conduction; And
Magnetic conductive loop, described magnetic conductive loop comprise described utmost point piece and displaceable element, and described displaceable element can move optionally to produce strong rotor field and weak rotor field.
2. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described displaceable element comprises at least one removable magnetic shunt piece, described at least one removable magnetic shunt piece comprises non-magnet_conductible material.
3. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described utmost point piece is the radially aligned structure.
4. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described utmost point piece is the magnetic flux compressional structure.
5. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described displaceable element comprises at least one removable permanent magnet of cooperating with described utmost point piece magnetic, thus described at least one permanent magnet can move the rotor field is adjusted into high-intensity magnetic field and is adjusted into low-intensity magnetic field.
6. rotor as claimed in claim 5 also comprises magnet gears, and described magnet gears is attached to the end of each described rotatable permanent magnet, to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
7. rotor as claimed in claim 6, wherein, sliding rack is cooperated with the corresponding magnet gears in the described magnet gears, to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
8. rotor as claimed in claim 7, wherein, straight-bar is connected to one of them described tooth bar, and described bar activated so that described tooth bar radially slides, thereby adjusts the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
9. rotor as claimed in claim 8, wherein, thereby described straight-bar radially slides described tooth bar by the linear actuators actuating, to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
10. rotor as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described linear actuators is a stepper motor.
11. rotor as claimed in claim 7, wherein, division formula bar is connected to one of them described tooth bar, and described division formula bar activated so that described tooth bar radially slides, thereby adjusts the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
12. rotor as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the summit of described division formula bar is against sliding part, and described sliding part launches described division formula bar towards the axial translation of described division formula bar, thereby adjusts the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
13. rotor as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described division formula bar is activated by linear actuators, so that described tooth bar radially slides, thereby adjusts the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
14. rotor as claimed in claim 7 wherein, activates hydraulic piston so that described tooth bar radially slides, thereby adjusts the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
15. rotor as claimed in claim 14, wherein, described hydraulic piston is communicated with the second hydraulic piston fluid, and the actuating of described second hydraulic piston causes the translation of described hydraulic piston and cause described tooth bar to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
16. rotor as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described second hydraulic piston is activated by linear actuators.
17. rotor as claimed in claim 6, wherein, single central gear is cooperated with each described magnet gears, to keep the identical alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet approx.
18. rotor as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the fixed outer rotor magnet in the outside that is attached to described rotor.
19. an electro-motor comprises:
Stator, described stator has the electrical stator winding;
Rotate stator field, described rotation stator field is produced by the electric current that flows through described stator winding;
Rotor, described rotor is positioned at described stator winding, and described rotor comprises:
The fixed pole piece, described fixed pole piece is made by the not magnetisable material of magnetic conduction; And
With permanent magnet at least one rotor that described utmost point piece magnetic is cooperated, permanent magnet can rotate the rotor field be adjusted into high-intensity magnetic field and be adjusted into low-intensity magnetic field in described at least one rotor.
20. an electric generator comprises:
Stator, described stator has the electrical stator winding;
Rotatable rotor, described rotatable rotor is positioned at described stator winding, and described rotor comprises:
The fixed pole piece, described fixed pole piece is made by the not magnetisable material of magnetic conduction;
At least one fixed magnets; And
At least one removable magnetic shunt piece, described at least one removable magnetic shunt piece comprises the non-magnet_conductible material of cooperating with described at least one fixed magnets and described utmost point piece magnetic, and described at least one removable magnetic shunt piece can rotate the rotor field be adjusted into high-intensity magnetic field and be adjusted into low-intensity magnetic field.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/610,184 US8390162B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2009-10-30 | Reconfigurable inductive to synchronous motor |
| US12/610,271 US8097993B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2009-10-30 | Electric motor and/or generator with mechanically tuneable permanent magnetic field |
| US12/610,184 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| US12/610,271 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| US12/905,834 | 2010-10-15 | ||
| US12/905,834 US8072108B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-10-15 | Electric motor or generator with mechanically tuneable permanent magnetic field |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102055257A true CN102055257A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
| CN102055257B CN102055257B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010533434.XA Expired - Fee Related CN102055257B (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-10-29 | There is electro-motor and/or the electromotor of mechanical adjustable permanent magnetic field |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102055257B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI572116B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104767339A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 吉林大学 | Excitation adjustable type permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN106992649A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-28 | 江西理工大学 | Become magnetic flow permanent magnet energy conversion |
| CN109995159A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2019-07-09 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Magneto with variable magnet orientation |
| CN109995162A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2019-07-09 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of multi-purpose permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor of one |
| CN109995161A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2019-07-09 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Permanent magnet motor with moveable flux vent diverter |
| WO2023063742A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-20 | 이승권 | Sequential independent-generation-type power generation device having induced-current-strength selection function |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11482360B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2022-10-25 | The Boeing Company | Stator secondary windings to modify a permanent magnet (PM) field |
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| CN104767339A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 吉林大学 | Excitation adjustable type permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| WO2023063742A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-20 | 이승권 | Sequential independent-generation-type power generation device having induced-current-strength selection function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102055257B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| TWI572116B (en) | 2017-02-21 |
| TW201126872A (en) | 2011-08-01 |
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