CN102044580A - Flexible solar cell plate and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible solar cell plate and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102044580A CN102044580A CN2010105385854A CN201010538585A CN102044580A CN 102044580 A CN102044580 A CN 102044580A CN 2010105385854 A CN2010105385854 A CN 2010105385854A CN 201010538585 A CN201010538585 A CN 201010538585A CN 102044580 A CN102044580 A CN 102044580A
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Abstract
The invention provides an improvement of flexible solar cell plate, which is characterized in that a cell surface element which has the maximum cutting width not more than the minimum design curvature radius is adhered to a flexible soft substrate, especially flexible material which has the restoring capacity after being bent. By using the method, the required flexible solar cell plate with the minimum curvature radius can be manufactured, can be bent in astatic randomly with the range not smaller than the curvature radius required, and can be folded to achieve the real flexibility. The flexible solar cell plate obtained has high conversion efficiency, thereby reaching or approaching the high conversion efficiency of the similar solar cell grown on the hard substrate or on the crystalline silicon substrate at high temperature. In addition, the entire solar cell plate has good flexibility with the minimum bending and folding in the millimeter dimension, can meet the small curvature radius bending, and is adaptive to the mechanized adhering production with extremely high production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the improvement to flexible solar panel preparation method and product, relates in particular to a kind of photoelectric conversion efficiency height, and can minimum flexible solar panel crooked in millimeter dimension level scope.
Background technology
The higher solar cell of conversion efficiency, all be to adopt hard substrate or crystal silicon substrate (for example slim glass plate, monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon), and the thin layer with photovoltaic effect all is in for example 〉=450 ℃ growth down of relatively-high temperature, thereby have higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, and for example monocrystalline silicon can reach 23%, and polysilicon is at 17-18%, film CIGS is about 21%, film CdTe is about 16%, and film crystallite and amorphous silicon are about 13%, and III-V family photovoltaic cell can reach about 42%.A yet common drawback of hard material or crystal silicon substrate solar cell: can not be crooked, also promptly can not be used for for example roofing of curved surface, arc-shaped curved surfaces such as automobile top, and littler curved surface occasion have limited solar cell and have required the application of crooked occasion.
People are the bending property of improving solar cell, make it to be used for curved surface, propose to adopt the technical scheme that solar battery sheet is fitted in flexible substrates, for example to make solar panel that bent adaptation arc occasion uses: Chinese patent CN2487113, CN2838046, the disclosed flexible solar battery pack of CN201038168, CN101702412, it is the battery sheet by making, be pasted on the flexible substrates, battery sheet two sides voltage/current on request is electrically connected.United States Patent (USP) 3658596 flexible solar module group assembling methods, a plurality of solar battery sheets are clipped between two overlays, press the serial or parallel connection method with conductor wire between the battery sheet and connect,, with rigid frame plastic film is propped up again and fixed to form suitable current and voltage.Yet above-mentioned cell panel, it only is the ground that has changed assembling bonding solar battery sheet, because used battery sheet is still bigger, its bending is mainly the ground bending along adjacent cell sheet gap, so can only be used for big arc is the larger radius of curvature occasion, for example roofing, automobile top does not have more small curvature radius bending property, more can not any direction bending; Secondly, do not provide fritter battery chip size and limit, just can not accomplish to require crooked minimum profile curvature radius yet.Therefore do not reach flexible requirement generally, can not be called flexible solar panel, purposes still is restricted.Besides, this structure can cause the extruding of adjacent cell sheet impaired when bending, strengthens spacing and can cause the area waste again, reduces the area energy output.
The tangible solar energy materials of United States Patent (USP) 20090211620A1 is that the baby battery sheet is attached on the given hard curved surface.Its deficiency is that the cell panel of gained is a predetermined hard curved surface that can not change, and in use can not change curved shape and radius of curvature; Secondly, do not provide the baby battery chip size equally and limit, can not accomplish that equally manufacturing requires crooked minimum profile curvature radius.So be not the flexible solar panel of a real meaning yet; Besides, this structure can only be that the block-by-block of battery sheet is pasted, and can not use mechanization production, and production efficiency is low.
Prior art also has the smaller approximate real flexible thin-film solar cells of bending radius, University of Delaware (2007 for example, April 3). New Technology For Manufacturing Flexible Solar Cells. Science Daily. ", Chinese patent CN1136858 thin-film solar cells etc.They all are to realize by evaporation solar energy film material on flexible substrates, and its basic structure is for plating the thin-film solar cells of transparent electrode layer, thin film semiconductive layer, inner face electrode layer composition flexible substrates successively on the flexible flexible base, board of insulating properties or tape insulation layer.Common flexible substrates has polymer sheet, is coated with the stainless steel thin slice of insulating barrier etc.Yet because these base materials are not suitable for growth for solar battery film at high temperature, reason is the corresponding amount that its Young's modulus of hard substrate and thickness product will be far longer than other films above the substrate, thereby behind the high temperature plated film in the cooling procedure, can not occur bending and deformation and cause film be full of cracks, and for flexible solar battery, its flexible substrates Young's modulus and thickness product and upper membrane institute corresponding amount are more or less the same, too high as temperature in the coating process, in cooling procedure, will bend, distortion, so that the film be full of cracks takes place, so can only be under relatively lower temp ℃ (most of≤350 ℃) growth (Helena Gleskova et.al down for example≤400, Mechanics of thin-film transistors and solar cells on flexible substrates, Solar Energy 90 (2006) 697-693.And the battery thin film of growing at a lower temperature, because molecular migration energy decreases, can cause phenomenons such as the inhomogeneous and dislocation of film, defective, cause conversion efficiency more much lower than the long similar solar cell of high growth temperature that in hard substrate or crystal silicon substrate, adopts, conversion efficiency as long thin film silicon solar cell on glass substrate can reach 13%, and the conversion efficiency that is grown in the thin film silicon solar cell on the flexible substrates can only reach about 7-8% at present.It is less to cause identical light-receiving area to produce electric current, the illuminating area waste, and cost benefit is lower.Secondly, though existing flexible thin-film solar cell has good relatively bendability, but owing to can not recover fully after existing flexible substrates and the flexible battery film bending on it of growing, when bending little after become bending, can cause damage, so generally can not fold use, make soft, bendability be subjected to littler crooked restriction.
The prior art present situation shows: though people are by all improvement, attempt to obtain high conversion efficiency, bending radius can design as required, and minimum can reach millimeter flexible solar battery of dimension level, but all fail to obtain merit, therefore still having is worth improved place.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of high-photoelectric transformation efficiency that both had is provided, and can reach or approaching similar hard or crystal silicon substrate conversion efficiency of solar cell, and can obtain the crooked flexible solar panel that requires.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of minimum bend radius of curvature can reach millimeter flexible solar panel of dimension level.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method who prepares flexible solar panel by the bending requirement.
The present invention's first purpose realizes, main design is a minimum bend radius of curvature on request, will be through the high temperature preparation at hard substrate or the suprabasil solar battery sheet of crystal silicon, cut into Breadth Maximum and be not more than the baby battery bin of the crooked minimum profile curvature radius that requires, paste and satisfy the crooked flexible parent metal surface that requires, thereby overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, realized the object of the invention.Specifically, flexible solar panel of the present invention, comprise at least one flexible carrier base material, be affixed on the flexible carrier substrate surface by preparing at hard substrate or the suprabasil solar cell bin of crystal silicon through high temperature, the battery bin just, the back side by requirement current/voltage value be electrically connected, it is characterized in that said battery bin Breadth Maximum is not more than the crooked minimum profile curvature radius that requires, each battery bin adjacent segment is not less than battery bin thickness.
Before describing the present invention in detail, make a presentation by the basic function and the effect that can reach earlier, so that those skilled in the art have one clearly to understand to the art of this patent scheme to invention.
Hard substrate or crystal silicon substrate can be ruptured when bending, and worked as its face molded dimension enough hour, for example the bending direction size is less than requiring the bending curvature radius R, and when making this little bin be attached on the flexible substrate of good bandability, because of solar cell bin itself can be not crooked, cause that stress is concentrated on the flexible substrates when crooked, solar cell facet unit bending direction just can not fracture yet, and paste the maximum limit of each solar battery sheet size and be not more than and require the minimum bend radius of curvature, just can be implemented in the bending of all directions.The present invention has utilized this test gained phenomenon just, make the wideest size of battery sheet bin that pastes the flexible parent metal surface less than requiring the minimum bend radius of curvature R, the gained solar panel is crooked and can not rupture in all directions, has actual application value, can realize the truly flexible solar panel of flexible bending thereby make.If battery bin full-size is limited in a millimeter dimension level, can make assembled battery plate bending curvature radius minimum reach a millimeter dimension level, promptly the bending curvature radius is for example crooked in 10 millimeters in the maximum dimension scope of millimeter.Used battery bin sheet is at hard substrate or the suprabasil solar battery sheet of crystal silicon through the high temperature preparation simultaneously, thereby can reach or approaching similar hard substrate or crystal silicon substrate solar cell photoelectric conversion efficiency, have high conversion efficiency with respect to the thin-film solar cells that is grown directly upon on the flexible substrates, thereby realized bending of expectation small curvature radius and high conversion efficiency simultaneously.
Among the present invention.
Flexible soft substrate, the same prior art of function, be mainly used in the fixing flexible solar panel that the solar cell bin is formed with usefulness that cuts, can be the flexible material of various good bandabilities in theory, for example fabric or non-woven cloth (as nonwoven fabrics, felt, gluing cloth), polymer sheet, metal foil substrate etc.Consider to make and make flexible battery sheet energy minimum bend to a millimeter dimension level, fabric or the non-woven cloth that has complete recovery capability after the bending is better adopted in the soft substrate of used flexibility, fabric cloth particularly, not only have folding after restorability fully, can realize the bending of littler for example millimeter dimension level, and intensity is good, is convenient to manufacture.
Used cutting battery bin prepares at hard substrate or the suprabasil high-efficiency photovoltaic solar battery sheet of crystal silicon through high temperature for prior art is various, by adapting to the fritter battery bin that the base material cutting method is cut into.Because of being cuts into fritter battery bin after solar battery sheet is made in employing, so conversion efficiency can reach in theory or the conversion efficiency of the preceding battery sheet of approaching not cutting, thereby, has high conversion efficiency with respect to the thin-film solar cells that is grown directly upon on the flexible substrates.Paste battery sheet bin, himself shape can not limit, but wherein better adopts circular, square, regular polygon, they have the basic length and width size that equates, can adapt to by any direction bending, and make crooked minimum cell panel, and have big relatively daylighting area.The cutting greatest width dimension is meant the wideest portion size in the cutting battery bin planar dimension, but not specially refers to wide on the ordinary meaning.
To paste the output current/voltage electrical connection on request of battery sheet, the same prior art of major function is with each cutting battery bin, is electrically connected by the composite design series and parallel and forms the output current/voltage that needs.The roughly same prior art of its connected mode, for example the back side can adopt conducting resinl or lead-in wire to connect; Sensitive surface adopts nesa coating or lead-in wire to connect.Wherein a kind of better mode is at flexible substrates surface applied conductive layer, makes each battery bin stick on to form on the conductive layer by conducting resinl and is electrically connected, and conductive fabric is adopted in wherein better substrate.Cell panel is externally exported electric energy and is electrically connected, and the same prior art of principle can be as required a plurality of battery bins to be composed in series the unit to obtain required voltage on the macrocell plate of preparation, with some serial connections unit and obtain the electric current that needs; Can be that whole plate all is to be connected in parallel yet, cell panel is carried out the connection in series-parallel combination, these and prior art have essential distinction.
Each battery bin adjacent segment is not less than battery bin thickness among the present invention, and the bending of cell panel is realized on the main battery bin limit of considering not damage hard when bending.The technical staff knows, for giving full play to area generating effect, obviously can not adopt adjacent very big spacing, so the present invention defines adjacent minimum spacing.
Flexible substrates a kind ofly more preferably adopts two up and down, can improve the durability of cell panel.Two flexible parent metals up and down are the printing opacity flexible material above at least wherein.
In addition; do not damage the solar cell bin when particularly bending for the bending of effective protection cell panel; a kind of better is to be filled with gentle plasticity filler at interval at the adjacent cell bin; the high molecular polymer of heatproof, fast light, ultraviolet resistance for example; can not produce adjacent cell sheet hard collision contact damage when cell panel bending like this, bending, the impact resistance of flexible panel also can be provided simultaneously.
For improving lighting efficiency, a kind ofly better can also be provided with convergent lens by each battery bin transparent surface, wherein a kind of being preferably adopted the polymer molding lens arra, and be both easy to assembly, quick, have fine flexibility again, can be because of not increasing the bending property that lens reduce cell panel.
Flexible solar panel preparation method of the present invention, comprise that employing is pasted on flexible substrates through the high temperature preparation in hard substrate or the suprabasil solar battery sheet adjacent spaces of crystal silicon, and will paste the output current/voltage electrical connection on request of battery sheet, it is characterized in that pasting the battery sheet is to make the cutting of battery sheet to form, and the cutting greatest width dimension is not more than design minimum bend radius of curvature.According to said method on the solar battery sheet that has prepared, cut, not only battery sheet preparation relatively easy (small size preparation difficulty), and can adopt the high efficiency solar cell sheet, and satisfy by the crooked requirement of design and prepare flexible solar panel, and can prepare the minimum bend radius of curvature and reach millimeter flexible solar panel of dimension level.
Flexible solar panel of the present invention and preparation method, with respect to prior art, owing to adopt cutting through high growth temperature solar cell bin in hard substrate or crystal silicon substrate, it is attached on the flexible substrates, and make battery bin full-size be not more than the crooked minimum profile curvature radius that requires, can make the flexible solar panel of the minimum bend radius of curvature that requires as required, and gained flexible solar panel, both had high conversion efficiency, can reach or near similar high growth temperature at hard substrate or crystal silicon substrate solar cell high conversion efficiency, make the entire cell panel have fine soft bendability again, in that be no more than under the minimum bend radius of curvature can any omnidirectional bending, bending, can not cause hard substrate to damage, reach flexibility truly.Particularly paste substrate and adopt the cloth for example of flexible material truly that has complete recovery capability after the bending, minimum bend can be accomplished in millimeter level dimension scope, make it satisfy some little bending even bending requires applications, and do not reduce conversion efficiency, space flight, military affairs, and the commercial party mask bigger applicability is arranged.Owing to be that the small size battery bin is sticked on the tiling flexible substrates, thereby can adapt to mechanization stickup production, have very high production efficiency.Flexible solar panel of the present invention and preparation method, can make the flexible solar panel of the minimum bending radius that requires, and the gained cell panel had both had the high conversion efficiency of hard substrate or crystal silicon substrate, has complete, recoverable flexibility again, and can accomplish minimum bending, bending in millimeter level dimension scope, and be not less than any bending that requires in the bending curvature radius, and collapsible, be to be different from prior art maximum SMD or the low-temperature epitaxy flexible thin-film solar cell to distinguish.
Below in conjunction with several specific embodiments; essence of the present invention is further understood in exemplary illustration and help; but the embodiment detail only is for the present invention is described; do not represent the present invention to conceive whole technical schemes down; therefore should not be construed as the total technical scheme of the present invention is limited; some are In the view of the technical staff; the unsubstantiality that does not depart from the present invention's design increases and/or change; for example simple the change or replacement of technical characterictic to have same or similar technique effect all belongs to protection range of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is flexible battery plate battery bin of the present invention and flexible parent metal case of bending schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the first embodiment flexible battery plate structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 cross section structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the second embodiment flexible battery plate structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the 3rd embodiment flexible battery plate structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 plan structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1,2,3, the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic solar cell sheet that will make by prior art, cut into the length of side and be 2 millimeters equilateral hexagon 1, non-sensitive surface is sticked on conductive fabric or be furnished with fabric cloth base material 2 surfaces that approach lead with conducting resinl, gap between adjacent sheet is slightly larger than solar cell bin thickness, fill with solidifying the compliant silica gel 4 in back between the gap, form the flexible and plasticity rib of tool, prevent bending and when folding between the adjacent cell sheet owing to rigid contact causes damage.Hexagon battery bin sensitive surface (top) with a transparent flexible base material 3(who is coated with nesa coating as evaporation ITO nesa coating on the polyester film substrate) cover, seal with glue around the flexible parent metal of top and bottom, make the flexible battery plate of 50*50mm, heating is evacuated between the flexible parent metal up and down, make flexible parent metal upper conductive film and photovoltaic solar cell sensitive surface good electrical contact be arranged (if adopt lead wire, then can adopt this program), draw down flexible parent metal connection lead and be connected lead as positive and negative electrode with last transparent flexible base material.By the requirement output voltage some series and parallels for example sticked on form the bulk cell panel on the 1*1m cloth cover.
In addition, can also be transparent flexible membrane 5 and 6 above pasting at least making the cell panel upper and lower surface,, provide protection, with the durability of enhancing cell panel to the surface as Teflon etc.
Embodiment 2: referring to Fig. 4, as embodiment 1, wherein cutting battery bin 1 is 2 millimeters square CIGS battery sheets, each battery bin adjacent spaces sticks on flexible parent metal 2 surfaces, paste with conducting resinl between flexible parent metal and battery sheet bottom surface (the non-sensitive surface), (sensitive surface) four angles connect with conductor wire 7 above the baby battery sheet, and then cover EVA transparent flexible base material in the above, glue together with transparent adhesive tape between transparent flexible base material and the baby battery sheet.
Embodiment 3: referring to Fig. 5,6, as described above, be equipped with polymer molding convergent lenses array 8 on the flexible battery plate sensitive surface that makes.
To those skilled in the art; under this patent design and specific embodiment enlightenment; some distortion that can directly derive or associate from this patent disclosure and general knowledge; those of ordinary skills will recognize also can adopt additive method; or the substituting of known technology commonly used in the prior art; and the equivalence of feature changes or modification; mutual various combination between feature; the for example change of flexible parent metal; the change of cutting solar cell bin; the change of battery bin electric connection mode; the change of battery bin size; make the change of flexible solar panel size; obtain the change of the output voltage battery sheet connected mode that requires; raising along with the cell preparation technology; can also with on thin corrosion resistant plate or the thin-film solar cells on other flexible parent metals cut into fritter; stick on the flexible parent metal; or the like unsubstantiality change; can be employed equally; can both realize this patent representation function and effect; launch for example no longer one by one to describe in detail, all belong to this patent protection range.
Claims (13)
1. flexible solar panel, comprise at least one flexible carrier base material, be affixed on the flexible carrier substrate surface by preparing at hard substrate or the suprabasil solar cell bin of crystal silicon through high temperature, the battery bin just, the back side by requirement current/voltage value be electrically connected, it is characterized in that said battery bin Breadth Maximum is not more than the crooked minimum profile curvature radius that requires, each battery bin adjacent segment is not less than battery bin thickness.
2. according to the described flexible solar panel of claim 1, it is characterized in that battery bin Breadth Maximum is not more than bending curvature radius millimeter dimension level.
3. according to the described flexible solar panel of claim 1, it is characterized in that flexible parent metal is fabric or non-woven cloth.
4. according to the described flexible solar panel of claim 3, it is characterized in that fabric or non-woven cloth are conductive fabric.
5. according to the described flexible solar panel of claim 1, it is characterized in that the adjacent cell bin is filled with gentle plasticity filler at interval.
6. according to the described flexible solar panel of claim 1, it is characterized in that flexible parent metal has two up and down, wherein top at least is the printing opacity flexible parent metal.
7. according to the described flexible solar panel of claim 6, it is characterized in that vacuumizing between the flexible parent metal of top and bottom.
8. according to claim 1,2,3,4,5,6 or 7 described flexible solar panels, the upper strata is transparent flexible protective film to it is characterized in that being pasted with at least by the cell panel upper and lower surface.
9. described according to Claim 8 flexible solar panel is characterized in that on the battery bin transparent surface convergent lens being arranged.
10. according to the described flexible solar panel of claim 9, it is characterized in that convergent lens is the polymer molding lens arra.
11. flexible solar panel preparation method, comprise that employing is pasted on flexible substrates through the high temperature preparation in hard substrate or the suprabasil solar battery sheet adjacent spaces of crystal silicon, and will paste the output current/voltage electrical connection on request of battery sheet, it is characterized in that pasting the battery sheet is to make the cutting of battery sheet to form, and the cutting greatest width dimension is not more than design minimum bend radius of curvature.
12. according to the described flexible solar panel preparation method of claim 11, it is characterized in that pasting battery sheet flexible substrates is fabric or non-woven cloth.
13., it is characterized in that it is circular, square, regular polygon that the battery sheet is pasted in cutting according to claim 11 or 12 described flexible solar panel preparation methods.
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CN103078000A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-05-01 | 绿阳光电股份有限公司 | Flexible solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof |
CN103915521A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-09 | 山丹 | Flexible solar cell panel and manufacturing method thereof |
CN105470334A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏创基新能源有限公司 | Sector ring-shaped solar photovoltaic module |
CN106409945A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Solar cell panel |
CN106877794A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-20 | 合肥昂宇光电科技有限公司 | A kind of silicon substrate flexible solar photovoltaic tiles and preparation method thereof |
CN107833935A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-23 | 海口未来技术研究院 | Solar cell module and aerostatics |
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CN103915521A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-09 | 山丹 | Flexible solar cell panel and manufacturing method thereof |
CN105470334A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏创基新能源有限公司 | Sector ring-shaped solar photovoltaic module |
CN106409945A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Solar cell panel |
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CN107833935A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-23 | 海口未来技术研究院 | Solar cell module and aerostatics |
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CN106877794A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-20 | 合肥昂宇光电科技有限公司 | A kind of silicon substrate flexible solar photovoltaic tiles and preparation method thereof |
CN109065652A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-21 | 深圳市迪晟能源技术有限公司 | A kind of solar cell encapsulation method |
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CN113644166A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-12 | 深圳市宝德自动化精密设备有限公司 | Preparation method of flexible solar cell and flexible solar cell |
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CN114864746B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2024-03-15 | 常州时创能源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic module preparation method |
CN117393644A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-12 | 东莞市十分阳光新能源有限公司 | Equipment and method for assembling flexible photovoltaic energy |
CN117393644B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-05-28 | 东莞市十分阳光新能源有限公司 | Equipment and method for assembling flexible photovoltaic energy |
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