CN102032558B - 带有炉内二次空气喷嘴的循环流化床(cfb) - Google Patents

带有炉内二次空气喷嘴的循环流化床(cfb) Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN102032558B
CN102032558B CN201010505853.2A CN201010505853A CN102032558B CN 102032558 B CN102032558 B CN 102032558B CN 201010505853 A CN201010505853 A CN 201010505853A CN 102032558 B CN102032558 B CN 102032558B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
reative cell
cfb
stove
bfb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201010505853.2A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN102032558A (zh
Inventor
M·玛亚切克
K·C·亚历山大
M·C·戈登
D·L·克拉夫特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Babcock and Wilcox Co
Original Assignee
Babcock and Wilcox Power Generation Group Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock and Wilcox Power Generation Group Inc filed Critical Babcock and Wilcox Power Generation Group Inc
Publication of CN102032558A publication Critical patent/CN102032558A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102032558B publication Critical patent/CN102032558B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/12Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone
    • F23C10/14Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/06Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air into the fire bed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/103Cooling recirculating particles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种循环流化床(CFB)锅炉,该锅炉包括反应室,鼓泡流化床(BFB)位于罩壳内并位于反应室的下部内,且包含床内换热器(IBHX),该IBHX占据反应室的底板的一部分。多个炉内二次空气喷嘴包括多个管道,所述多个管道集合在一起并在BFB的罩壳壁与CFB的外壁之间横跨BFB的宽度而延伸。喷嘴定位成防止从CFB落到BFB上的固体由于二次空气射流而偏离,同时避免干涉炉内气体或固体运动的复杂结构。喷嘴的出口与BFB的罩壳壁平齐或几乎平齐。

Description

带有炉内二次空气喷嘴的循环流化床(CFB)
技术领域
本发明总地涉及循环流化床(CFB)反应器或锅炉的领域,诸如那些用在工业或发电设备中的反应器或锅炉,具体地说,涉及炉内二次空气喷嘴,该炉内二次空气喷嘴设计成防止从CFB落到鼓泡流化床(BFB)上的固体由于二次空气射流而偏离。
背景技术
Belin等人的美国专利6,543,905描述了一种带有可控的床内换热器(IBHX)的CFB锅炉。该锅炉包括CFB反应室和位于该反应室内的BFB换热器。换热器内的传热借助控制固体从BFB的下部排放到反应室内的速率来控制。IBHX的总传热能力取决于从CFB炉流到IBHX内的鼓泡床顶部上的固体下降流。下降流的流量越高,传热能力就越高。二次空气通常通过位于前炉壁和后炉壁上的喷嘴供给至CFB炉。喷嘴位于炉壳外侧,且喷嘴的出口与这些臂平齐。因为IBHX位于包含喷嘴的壁附近,所以来自喷嘴的射流会使一部分固体下降流偏离IBHX,因此降低其传热能力。
Belin等人的美国专利5,836,257描述了一种带有一体式二次空气室的CFB炉。该空气室允许将二次空气喷嘴设置在炉内,因此防止其射流干涉流到IBHX的固体下降流。然而,空气室的支承结构和/或供气装置可能会干涉炉内的气体和/或固体运动,并且为使喷嘴的尺寸足以允许充足的射流流入大CFB,就需要大于所期的空气室。
发明内容
本发明防止从CFB落到BFB上的固体由于二次空气射流而偏离,同时避免干涉炉内气体或固体运动的复杂结构。
因此,本发明的一个方面涉及一种循环流化床(CFB)锅炉,该锅炉包括:CFB反应室,CFB反应室具有侧壁和格栅,格栅在CFB反应室的下端限定底板以用于将流化气体供给入CFB反应室;鼓泡流化床(BFB),BFB位于CFB反应室的下部内,且由CFB反应室的外壁、CFB反应室的底板和冷却管道形成的罩壳壁来界围,冷却管道从CFB反应室的底板向上延伸到BFB的高度;至少一个可控的床内换热器(IBHX),IBHX包括加热表面,占据CFB反应室的底板的一部分,并被BFB的罩壳壁包围;以及至少一个炉内二次空气喷嘴,炉内二次空气喷嘴由BFB的冷却管道来形成,冷却管道形成为至少一组以从BFB的罩壳壁的顶部横跨BFB的宽度而延伸,直到到达CFB的外壁为止。
当形成至少一个炉内二次空气喷嘴的管道到达CFB的外壁时,管道变成外壁的一部分。此外,至少一个炉内二次空气喷嘴的出口与BFB的罩壳壁平齐或几乎平齐。
表征本发明的各个创新特征将在所附的权利要求书中具体指出,该权利要求书形成本说明书的一部分。为了更好地理解本发明及其工作优点和使用获得的特定益处,可参照示出本发明示范实施例的附图和说明内容。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的CFB锅炉的侧面剖视图,示出了二次空气喷嘴;
图2是图1的CFB锅炉的平面剖视图,其沿图1的箭头2-2的方向观察;
图3是BFB罩壳的示意立体图,其中形成炉内二次空气喷嘴的管道表示成单线条;
图4是根据本发明另一实施例的CFB锅炉的侧面剖视图;以及
图5是图4的CFB锅炉的平面剖视图,其沿图4的箭头5-5的方向观察。
具体实施方式
本发明总地涉及循环流化床(CFB)反应器或锅炉的领域,诸如那些用在工业或发电设备中的反应器或锅炉,具体地说,涉及炉内二次空气喷嘴,该炉内二次空气喷嘴设计成防止从CFB落到BFB上的固体由于二次空气射流而偏离。
如同这里所使用的那样,术语“CFB锅炉”用来指其中发生燃烧过程的CFB反应器或燃烧器。尽管本发明具体涉及采用CFB燃烧器以作为生热装置的锅炉或蒸汽发生器,但是应能理解,本发明也可容易地用在各种CFB反应器中。例如,本发明可应用在采用化学反应而非燃烧过程的反应器中,或者来自别处发生的燃烧过程的气体/固体混合物可提供至反应器以用于进一步处理。
现在参见附图,其中,几幅图中相同的附图标记标示相同或功能相似的元件,尤其参见图1,示出了CFB炉1的侧面剖视图,该CFB炉1包括壁2和嵌入BFB 4内的IBHX 3。CFB主要包括固体,这些固体由来自燃料燃烧的灰5、硫酸盐吸附剂6、以及某些情况下的外部惰性材料7构成,这些固体馈送通过至少一个壁2且被供给通过分配格栅9的一次空气8流化。一些固体被燃料燃烧产生的气体所夹带,并最终向上移动15而到达炉子出口处的颗粒分离器16。尽管一些固体17通过分离器,但大部分固体18被捕获而再循环回到炉子。这些固体与掉出固体上升流15的其它固体19一起馈送到BFB 4,BFB 4被馈送通过分配格栅26的流化介质25流化。用于从CFB和BFB移除固体的装置(分别是27和28)设置在炉子底板的适当区域。
BFB通过罩壳30与CFB分离。通过控制流化介质45和46的流,来控制固体通过阀40再循环35回到CFB的速率。该罩壳由管道50构成,管道50通常用水或蒸汽来冷却。管道通常用保护层来保护不受侵蚀和/或腐蚀,该保护层通常由耐热材料来形成,耐热材料用焊接至管道的螺栓来固定。形成罩壳的管道向上延伸到允许CFB炉1内的所需BFB 4高度的高处。在该所需高度上方,管道50集合形成二次空气喷嘴55。馈送到这些喷嘴的空气60越过BFB 4而喷射到CFB内,因此其射流65不使落到BFB 4上的固体流18和19偏离。管道50的集合允许形成开口70,固体流18和19可穿过该开口70落到BFB 4上。在到达壁2b之后,管道50可变成该壁的一部分。相对壁2d上的二次空气喷嘴75位于CFB炉1的外部。因为IBHX不定位在喷嘴75下方,所以其射流80不引起任何不想要的效应。
图3示出了由管道50形成的炉内二次空气喷嘴55的一个可能构造。在图3中,形成炉内二次空气喷嘴55的管道50示意地表示成单线条。
在图4和5所示的另一实施例中,带有嵌入的IBHX3的BFB 4位于相对两个炉壁2a和2d上。在炉子两侧上,罩壳30的管道50集合形成二次空气喷嘴55。为了将燃料、石灰石和其它固体流直接馈送入CFB,至少一个炉壁(图4和5的该实施例中的壁2d)上的BFB被分隔成几个隔室80。每个隔室80由炉壁2a、罩壳30、以及两个侧壁85(或一个侧壁85和一个炉壁2a或2c)来形成。隔室彼此之间由间隙90隔开,燃料、石灰石等馈送通过该间隙90。
尽管已经详细示出和描述了本发明的具体实施例来说明本发明的应用和原理,但是应能理解,并不意图将本发明局限于此,本发明可以其它方式实施而不脱离这些原理。在本发明的一些实施例中,有时可使用本发明的某些特征而不相应使用其它特征,这是有利的。因此,所有这些改变和实施例都完全落入下面权利要求书的范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种循环流化床锅炉,包括:
循环流化床反应室,所述循环流化床反应室具有侧壁和格栅,所述格栅在所述循环流化床反应室的下端限定底板以用于将流化气体供给入所述循环流化床反应室;
鼓泡流化床,所述鼓泡流化床位于所述循环流化床反应室的下部内,且由所述循环流化床反应室的侧壁的一个或多个、所述循环流化床反应室的底板和冷却管道形成的罩壳壁来界围,所述冷却管道从所述循环流化床反应室的底板向上延伸到所述鼓泡流化床的高度;
嵌入在鼓泡流化床中的至少一个可控的床内换热器,所述可控的床内换热器包括加热表面,占据所述循环流化床反应室的底板的一部分;以及
至少一个炉内二次空气导管和喷嘴,所述炉内二次空气导管和喷嘴由所述鼓泡流化床的罩壳壁的多个所述冷却管道形成,所述冷却管道进一步从所述鼓泡流化床的罩壳壁的顶部横跨所述鼓泡流化床的宽度延伸到所述循环流化床反应室的一个侧壁,并且其中所述多个冷却管道形成开口,固体能通过所述开口落到所述鼓泡流化床上。
2.如权利要求1所述的循环流化床锅炉,其特征在于,当形成至少一个炉内二次空气喷嘴的所述管道到达所述循环流化床反应室的所述一个侧壁时,所述管道变成所述一个侧壁的一部分。
3.如权利要求1所述的循环流化床锅炉,其特征在于,至少一个炉内二次空气喷嘴的出口与所述鼓泡流化床的罩壳壁平齐或几乎平齐。
4.如权利要求1所述的循环流化床锅炉,其特征在于,构成所述鼓泡流化床的罩壳壁的所述管道覆盖有保护层。
5.如权利要求4所述的循环流化床锅炉,其特征在于,所述保护层由耐热材料来形成,所述耐热材料用焊接至所述管道的的螺栓来固定。
6.如权利要求1所述的循环流化床锅炉,其特征在于,形成所述炉内二次空气喷嘴的所述管道覆盖有保护层。
7.如权利要求6所述的循环流化床锅炉,其特征在于,所述保护层由耐热材料来形成,所述耐热材料用焊接至所述管道的的螺栓来固定。
CN201010505853.2A 2009-09-30 2010-09-29 带有炉内二次空气喷嘴的循环流化床(cfb) Expired - Fee Related CN102032558B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/571,279 US8622029B2 (en) 2009-09-30 2009-09-30 Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) with in-furnace secondary air nozzles
US12/571,279 2009-09-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102032558A CN102032558A (zh) 2011-04-27
CN102032558B true CN102032558B (zh) 2014-07-23

Family

ID=43504161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201010505853.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102032558B (zh) 2009-09-30 2010-09-29 带有炉内二次空气喷嘴的循环流化床(cfb)

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US8622029B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2312210B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR101715398B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102032558B (zh)
AR (1) AR080549A1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2010224371B2 (zh)
BG (1) BG110761A (zh)
BR (1) BRPI1003902A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2716054A1 (zh)
CL (1) CL2010001031A1 (zh)
CO (1) CO6410028A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2710825T3 (zh)
HU (1) HUE041619T2 (zh)
MX (1) MX2010010674A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ599084A (zh)
RU (1) RU2537482C2 (zh)
TR (1) TR201902018T4 (zh)
UA (1) UA104417C2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102889585A (zh) * 2012-06-06 2013-01-23 邵阳市金鹰锅炉有限公司 环保节能立式沸腾锅炉
KR20150082349A (ko) * 2012-11-06 2015-07-15 알이씨 실리콘 인코포레이티드 유동상 반응기 내의 입자들의 오염을 감소시키는 방법 및 장치
CN104728856B (zh) * 2013-12-20 2017-03-01 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 梳齿型水冷柱及具有该水冷柱的炉膛
EP3037723A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-29 E.ON Sverige AB Bed material for bubbling fluidised bed combustion
US20170356642A1 (en) 2016-06-13 2017-12-14 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Circulating fluidized bed boiler with bottom-supported in-bed heat exchanger
CN108240621A (zh) * 2017-09-05 2018-07-03 李建锋 循环流化床锅炉二次风系统
CN109297016B (zh) * 2018-10-10 2024-10-15 贵州新能源开发投资股份有限公司 一种掺烧煤泥的循环流化床锅炉前墙水冷壁管结构
CN115234901A (zh) * 2022-07-27 2022-10-25 苏州行知环保科技有限公司 循环流化床锅炉用的智能二次送风系统

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4418650A (en) * 1982-09-20 1983-12-06 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed heat exchanger having an insulated fluid cooled air distributor plate assembly
US4665864A (en) * 1986-07-14 1987-05-19 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Steam generator and method of operating a steam generator utilizing separate fluid and combined gas flow circuits
SU1746129A1 (ru) * 1990-06-07 1992-07-07 Уральский политехнический институт им.С.М.Кирова Котел с циркулирующим кип щим слоем
US5054436A (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-10-08 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and process for operating same
RU2028543C1 (ru) * 1990-10-22 1995-02-09 Всероссийский теплотехнический научно-исследовательский институт Топочное устройство с циркулирующим кипящим слоем
US5239946A (en) * 1992-06-08 1993-08-31 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed reactor system and method having a heat exchanger
JP3504324B2 (ja) * 1993-03-03 2004-03-08 株式会社荏原製作所 加圧内部循環型流動床ボイラ
US5313913A (en) * 1993-05-28 1994-05-24 Ebara Corporation Pressurized internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler
US5533471A (en) * 1994-08-17 1996-07-09 A. Ahlstrom Corporation fluidized bed reactor and method of operation thereof
JP3016709B2 (ja) * 1995-03-01 2000-03-06 株式会社神戸製鋼所 燃焼炉及びその熱回収方法
US5678497A (en) * 1996-04-30 1997-10-21 Foster Wheeler Energy International, Inc. Apparatus for distributing secondary air into a large scale circulating fluidized bed
US6709636B1 (en) * 1996-06-21 2004-03-23 Ebara Corporation Method and apparatus for gasifying fluidized bed
US5836257A (en) * 1996-12-03 1998-11-17 Mcdermott Technology, Inc. Circulating fluidized bed furnace/reactor with an integral secondary air plenum
US6055943A (en) * 1997-09-25 2000-05-02 Anthony-Ross Company Air port casting
CN2370277Y (zh) * 1999-01-06 2000-03-22 牛玉轩 鼓泡流化床燃烧装置
US6542905B1 (en) * 1999-03-10 2003-04-01 Ltcq, Inc. Automated data integrity auditing system
FI107758B (fi) * 1999-11-10 2001-09-28 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Kiertoleijureaktori
US6500221B2 (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-12-31 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Cooled tubes arranged to form impact type particle separators
US6532905B2 (en) * 2001-07-17 2003-03-18 The Babcock & Wilcox Company CFB with controllable in-bed heat exchanger
US6543905B1 (en) 2001-10-31 2003-04-08 Adams Mfg. Corp. Reflective decorative light holder
UA42091U (ru) * 2008-12-30 2009-06-25 Институт Проблем Материаловедения Им. И. М. Францевича Нан Украины КОМПОЗИЦионный иЗНОСОустойчивый МАТЕРиАЛ НА ОСНОВе ДИБОРИДа ТИТАНа

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BG110761A (bg) 2011-03-31
MX2010010674A (es) 2011-03-30
AU2010224371B2 (en) 2016-05-05
EP2312210A3 (en) 2014-11-12
TR201902018T4 (tr) 2019-03-21
AR080549A1 (es) 2012-04-18
NZ599084A (en) 2013-07-26
CN102032558A (zh) 2011-04-27
CA2716054A1 (en) 2011-03-30
US8622029B2 (en) 2014-01-07
EP2312210A2 (en) 2011-04-20
ES2710825T3 (es) 2019-04-29
EP2312210B1 (en) 2018-12-05
RU2010139129A (ru) 2012-03-27
CO6410028A1 (es) 2012-03-30
KR20110035916A (ko) 2011-04-06
UA104417C2 (uk) 2014-02-10
CL2010001031A1 (es) 2011-07-15
US20110073050A1 (en) 2011-03-31
AU2010224371A1 (en) 2011-04-14
RU2537482C2 (ru) 2015-01-10
HUE041619T2 (hu) 2019-05-28
KR101715398B1 (ko) 2017-03-10
BRPI1003902A2 (pt) 2013-01-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102032558B (zh) 带有炉内二次空气喷嘴的循环流化床(cfb)
KR100828108B1 (ko) 내부에 제어가능한 열교환기를 갖춘 순환유동상 보일러
JPH0650678A (ja) 熱交換器を有する流動床反応器装置及び方法
EP0995065B1 (en) Fluidized bed reactor
EP2217856B1 (en) Moving bed heat exchanger for circulating fluidized bed boiler
CN102032559B (zh) 床内固体控制阀
SK4102000A3 (en) Fluid bed ash cooler
US5242662A (en) Solids recycle seal system for a fluidized bed reactor
FI102563B (fi) Leijukattilan arinarakenne
US20170356642A1 (en) Circulating fluidized bed boiler with bottom-supported in-bed heat exchanger
EP0692999B1 (en) A fluidized bed reactor system and a method of manufacturing the same
JP2010038491A (ja) 循環流動層燃焼炉
EP0398718B1 (en) Solids recycle seal system for a fluidized bed reactor
JPS62217008A (ja) 層内部で増強される再循環をする流動層ボイラ−

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CP03 Change of name, title or address
CP03 Change of name, title or address

Address after: louisiana

Patentee after: The Babcock & Wilcox Co., Ltd.

Address before: ohio

Patentee before: Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation

CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder
CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder

Address after: ohio

Patentee after: The Babcock & Wilcox Co., Ltd.

Address before: louisiana

Patentee before: The Babcock & Wilcox Co., Ltd.

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20140723

Termination date: 20200929