CN102031190A - Cutting oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cutting oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides environmentally-friendly efficient atomization cutting oil, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20 to 40 percent of synthetic ester, 60 to 80 percent of vegetable oil, 0 to 3 percent of antioxidant, 0 to 2 percent of anti-rusting agent, 0 to 5 percent of extreme pressure abrasion-resistant agent and 0 to 1 percent of metal passivator. The synthetic ester and the vegetable oil are matched and used base oil, so the cutting oil has the advantages of good lubricating property and biodegradability, resource recycle, no toxicity and the like, has low toxin and low harm to the human body and the ecological environment, meets the requirements of related environmental indexes, has good low-temperature performance and oxidation stability and strong universality, is suitable for metal cutting and processing of most materials, is particularly special cutting oil for modern advanced semi-dry and trace lubrication processing and development, and is mainly used for oil mist lubrication; and the gas and liquid two-phase oil mist can play a role in lubricating, take away a large amount of heat, reduce the consumption of cutting fluid, lower the cost and reduce the discharge of waste solution, and is favorable for environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lubricating oil field, be specifically related to a kind of machining oil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In metal cutting process, for improving stock-removing efficiency, improve the precision of workpiece and the roughness of reduction workpiece surface, prolong cutter life, reach best economical effectiveness, just must reduce the friction between cutter and workpiece, cutter and the smear metal, in time take away cutting zone internal cause material deformation and the heat that produces.Reaching these purposes, is the geometrical shape by the cutter material and the improvement cutter of exploitation high-hardness high temperature resistant on the one hand; The cutting fluid that adopts excellent property on the other hand reduces workpiece surface roughness to improve stock-removing efficiency, prolongs cutter life, thereby obtains good economic benefit.
In recent years, along with the progress of producing apparatus, new mechanical means towards reduced volume, alleviate quality, increase power, raise the efficiency, increase equipment dependability and the environmental friendliness direction develops.Along with the manufacturing fast development of modern mechanical, constantly bringing forth new ideas of cutting technology and Cutting Process adds the improvement of material material and the raising of factory management level, and the supplementary material metal cutting oil of mechanical workout has been proposed harsher requirement.Continuous reinforcement along with human environmental protection and awareness of saving energy, people more and more recognize the harm that metal working lubricant causes human body and environment, but in metal processing working angles, owing to transportation, use, leakage, sputter, reason such as replacing naturally, machining oil will directly be discharged in the environment inevitably.
Traditional metal cutting oil overwhelming majority is base oil with mineral oil, it is the wearing and tearing of reducing friction, the lubricated needs that prolong cutter life and satisfy under the harsh working condition have been brought into play huge effect, but the biodegradability of traditional mineral oil based lubricant is poor, the eco-toxicity height, gather in environment and ecotope is polluted, oil is a kind of non-renewable rare energy in addition.Therefore, development and exploitation have energy-conservation and environmental friendliness machining oil regenerative power, have the meaning of particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of machining oil, and special dry type and the micro lubricating processing of satisfying modern advanced person is biodegradable, to human body and the low evil of ecotope low toxicity, meets the relevant environment index request.The present invention also provides the preparation method of this machining oil.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of machining oil comprises following component in percentage by weight:
Synthetic ester: 20%～40%;
Vegetables oil: 60%～80%;
Oxidation inhibitor: 0%～3%;
Rust-preventive agent: 0%～2%;
Extreme pressure anti-wear additives: 0%～5%;
Metal passivator: 0%～1%.
As preferably, described synthetic ester by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid according to mass ratio 2～4: 0.5～1.5: 0.5～1.5 mixes.
As preferably, described synthetic ester is mixed according to mass ratio by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid at 3: 1: 1.
As preferably, described vegetables oil is one or more in rapeseed oil, oxidation rapeseed oil and the Viscotrol C.
As preferably, described oxidation inhibitor is one or more in 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, liquid octyl group/butyl pentanoic and the high molecular phenolic antioxidant.
As preferably, described rust-preventive agent by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type according to mass ratio 3～5: 0.5～1.5 mixes.
As preferably, described rust-preventive agent is mixed according to mass ratio by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type at 4: 1.
As preferably, described extreme pressure anti-wear additives is one or more in the two hot primary alkyl zinc salts of sulphur phosphorus, phosphorus nitrogen mixture and the phosphoric acid ester.
As preferably, described metal passivator is one or both in 124 Triazole derivative and the methyl benzotriazazole derivative.
A kind of preparation method of machining oil may further comprise the steps:
A) will synthesize ester and vegetables oil mixes;
B) the base oil intensification that a) obtains is stirred, be warming up to 60 ℃～100 ℃, add oxidation inhibitor, rust-preventive agent, extreme pressure anti-wear additives and metal passivator, stir, be cooled to then below 50 ℃, stop to stir;
The weight percent of each composition is: synthetic ester 20%～40%, vegetables oil 60%～80%, oxidation inhibitor 0%～3%, rust-preventive agent 0%～2%, extreme pressure anti-wear additives 1%～5%, metal passivator 0%～1%;
C) with b) oil product that obtains filters.
Machining oil provided by the invention matches as base oil with synthetic ester and vegetables oil, have good lubricity and biodegradable, resource is renewable and advantage such as nontoxic, biodegradable part to human body and the low evil of ecotope low toxicity, meets the relevant environment index request more than 90%.Product of the present invention is to be in particular the modern advanced dry type and the special-purpose machining oil of micro lubricating processing development, combine three kinds of needs of this lubricating system, promptly cool off, lubricate, make the cutter friction minimum, developed the appropriate addn of regulating cutting interface temperature and pressure, made these three main applications bring into play better.Machining oil low-temperature performance, filterableness and the oxidative stability of preparation are better; highly versatile; can be suitable for the metal cutting processing of most materials; be mainly used in oil-mist lubrication, the mist of oil of gas-liquid two-phase can play lubrication, can take away a large amount of heats again; can also reduce the usage quantity of cutting fluid; reduce cost, reduce discharging of waste liquid, help environment protection.
Embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just to further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
Machining oil generally is made up of base oil and additive two portions, and base oil is the cutting main body of oil, is determining the essential property of machining oil, is the essential substance that plays lubrication; Additive then can remedy and improve the use properties of machining oil, satisfies higher application requiring, generally can prolong the life-span of machining oil, prevents the corrosion of machining oil to equipment, increases resistance to abrasion etc., is the important component part of machining oil.
Machining oil provided by the invention comprises following component in percentage by weight:
Synthetic ester: 20%～40%; Vegetables oil: 60%～80%; Oxidation inhibitor: 0%～3%; Rust-preventive agent: 0%～2%; Extreme pressure anti-wear additives: 0%～5%; Metal passivator: 0%～1%.
Synthetic ester be by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid by mass ratio 2～4: mix at 0.5～1.5: 0.5～1.5, and the mass ratio of preferred trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid is 3: 1: 1.It is 0 and the viscosity index advantages of higher that synthetic ester has excellent biodegradability, thermostability, low volatility, water damage level.Advantages such as vegetables oil is one or more in rapeseed oil, oxidation rapeseed oil and the Viscotrol C, and vegetables oil has good lubricity and biodegradable, resource is renewable and nontoxic.The present invention will synthesize ester and vegetables oil combines, and forms complementation, can obtain low-temperature performance and oxidative stability better products.
In use, owing to be subjected to high temperature and metal catalytic effect, the easy oxidation of machining oil increases viscosity, produces the acidic substance corroding metal, produces various glues or pitch shape throw out, the continuation of oil product is used brought disadvantageous effect.By adding oxidation inhibitor, can suppress the oxidising process of machining oil, the katalysis of passive metal prolongs oil product work-ing life.Oxidation inhibitor is preferably one or more in 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, liquid octyl group/butyl pentanoic, high molecular phenolic antioxidant and the liquid macroimolecule amount phenolic antioxidant.
Rust-preventive agent is some polar compounds, and metal is had very strong adsorptive power, can form antirust protective film in the metallic surface; the erosion of isolated moisture, moisture and acidic substance; make the unlikely corrosion of metal, can also stop oxidation, prevent the generation of acidic oxide, play antirust effect.Rust-preventive agent of the present invention by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type according to mass ratio 3～5: 0.5～1.5 mixes.The mass ratio of preferred 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type is to mix at 4: 1.12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat are formed by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid esterification modifications, and rust-proof effect is more efficiently arranged, and particularly outstanding is its dewatering.
Extreme pressure anti-wear additives is a kind of important additive, can remedy the deficiency of lubricity under severe condition, and major part is the compound of some sulfur-bearings, phosphorus, chlorine, lead, molybdenum.In the ordinary course of things, chlorine class, sulphur class can improve the withstand load ability of compressor oil, prevent the metallic surface under high-load condition, take place sintering, the card sting, scratch; And Phosphorus, organo-metallic salt has higher fastness to wear, can prevent or reduce the wearing and tearing of metallic surface under the moderate duty condition.Extreme pressure anti-wear additives of the present invention is one or more in the two hot primary alkyl zinc salts of sulphur phosphorus, phosphorus nitrogen mixture and the phosphoric acid ester, and smell gentleness, of light color, good stability, extreme pressure property are superior.
Metal passivator of the present invention is one or both in 124 Triazole derivative and the methyl benzotriazazole derivative; can form the inertia protective membrane in the metallic surface or generate inner complex with metal ion; easy to use, active constituent content is big, strong to the protective effect of non-ferrous metal, can not add metal passivator when cutting ferrous metals.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of machining oil, comprises the steps:
A) will synthesize ester and vegetables oil puts into the compounding kettle mixing, stirs;
B) the base oil intensification that a) obtains is stirred, be warming up to 60 ℃～100 ℃, add oxidation inhibitor, rust-preventive agent, extreme pressure anti-wear additives and metal passivator, stir, be cooled to then below 50 ℃, stop to stir;
The weight percent of each composition is: synthetic ester 20%～40%, vegetables oil 60%～80%, oxidation inhibitor 0%～3%, rust-preventive agent 0%～2%, extreme pressure anti-wear additives 1%～5%, metal passivator 0%～1%;
C) with b) oil product that obtains filters and obtains the machining oil product.
Embodiment 1:
A) be that the rapeseed oil of 30% synthetic ester and 65.3% is put into compounding kettle and mixed, stirs with weight percent, wherein synthetic ester is mixed according to mass ratio by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid at 3: 1: 1;
B) the base oil intensification that a) obtains is stirred, be warming up to 70 ℃, 2 of adding 1%, 6-ditertbutylparacresol, 0.6% rust-preventive agent, 3% trialkyl phosphates and 0.1% 124 Triazole derivative, stir, be cooled to 40 ℃ then, stop to stir, wherein said rust-preventive agent is mixed according to mass ratio by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type at 4: 1;
C) with b) oil product that obtains filters and obtains the machining oil product.
Embodiment 2:
A) be that the vegetables oil of 25% synthetic ester and 65.6% is put into compounding kettle and mixed, stirs with weight percent, wherein synthetic ester is mixed according to mass ratio by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid at 2: 1: 1.5; Vegetables oil is mixed according to mass ratio by rapeseed oil, oxidation rapeseed oil at 8: 2;
B) the base oil intensification that a) obtains is stirred, be warming up to 80 ℃, add L57 octyl group/butyl pentanoic of 3%, 1.2% rust-preventive agent, 5% phosphorus nitrogen mixture and 0.2% methyl benzotriazazole derivative, stir, be cooled to 45 ℃ then, stop to stir, wherein said rust-preventive agent is mixed according to mass ratio by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type at 3: 1;
C) with b) oil product that obtains filters and obtains the machining oil product.
Embodiment 3:
A) be that the vegetables oil of 20% synthetic ester and 74.9% is put into compounding kettle and mixed, stirs with weight percent, wherein synthetic ester is mixed according to mass ratio by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid at 4: 1.5: 1; Vegetables oil is mixed according to mass ratio by rapeseed oil, Viscotrol C at 7: 3;
B) the base oil intensification that a) obtains is stirred, be warming up to 90 ℃, add 2% liquid macroimolecule amount phenolic antioxidant, 1.5% rust-preventive agent, 1.5% two hot primary alkyl zinc salt extreme pressure anti-wear additives of sulphur phosphorus and 0.1% 124 Triazole derivative, stir, be cooled to 45 ℃ then, stop to stir, wherein said rust-preventive agent is mixed according to mass ratio by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type at 5: 1.5;
C) with b) oil product that obtains filters and obtains the machining oil product.
Comparative example:
A kind of mineral oil based machining oil, its weight percent consists of: 150SN mineral oil 94.9%, T501 oxidation inhibitor 1%, T746 rust-preventive agent 1%, T203 extreme pressure anti-wear additives 3%, T706 metal passivator 0.1%.
Machining oil to each embodiment and comparative example preparation carries out performance test respectively, and testing method is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, and experimental result sees Table 1:
The performance representative data of the machining oil of table 1 comparative example and embodiment preparation
By detected result as can be seen, the viscosity temperature characteristic of the plant oil based machining oil of the present invention's preparation is good, have good lubricity, anti-extreme pressure energy, nontoxic, biodegradable, be the environmental friendliness metal processing cutting fluid of excellent performance, meet the relevant environment index request, and, can drive agricultural development again because the renewable resources of base oil horn of plenty both can alleviate the petroleum resources pressure of China.
More than a kind of machining oil provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a machining oil is characterized in that, comprises following component in percentage by weight:
Synthetic ester: 20%～40%;
Vegetables oil: 60%～80%;
Oxidation inhibitor: 0%～3%;
Rust-preventive agent: 0%～2%;
Extreme pressure anti-wear additives: 0%～5%;
Metal passivator: 0%～1%.
2. machining oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described synthetic ester by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid according to mass ratio 2～4: 0.5～1.5: 0.5～1.5 mixes.
3. machining oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described synthetic ester is mixed according to mass ratio by trimethylolpropane tris grease, the different monooctyl ester of stearic acid, the different monooctyl ester of oleic acid at 3: 1: 1.
4. machining oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described vegetables oil is one or more in rapeseed oil, oxidation rapeseed oil and the Viscotrol C.
5. machining oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described oxidation inhibitor is one or more in 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, liquid octyl group/butyl pentanoic and the high molecular phenolic antioxidant.
6. machining oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described rust-preventive agent by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type according to mass ratio 3～5: 0.5～1.5 mixes.
7. machining oil according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described rust-preventive agent is mixed according to mass ratio by 12 rare basic Succinic Acid half fat and the antirust recombiner of ammonium salt type at 4: 1.
8. machining oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described extreme pressure anti-wear additives is one or more in the two hot primary alkyl zinc salts of sulphur phosphorus, phosphorus nitrogen mixture and the phosphoric acid ester.
9. machining oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described metal passivator is one or both in 124 Triazole derivative and the methyl benzotriazazole derivative.
10. the preparation method of a machining oil is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A) will synthesize ester and vegetables oil mixes;
B) the base oil intensification that a) obtains is stirred, be warming up to 60 ℃～100 ℃, add oxidation inhibitor, rust-preventive agent, extreme pressure anti-wear additives and metal passivator, stir, be cooled to then below 50 ℃, stop to stir;
The weight percent of each composition is: synthetic ester 20%～40%, vegetables oil 60%～80%, oxidation inhibitor 0%～3%, rust-preventive agent 0%～2%, extreme pressure anti-wear additives 1%～5%, metal passivator 0%～1%;
C) with b) oil product that obtains filters.
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Application publication date: 20110427 |