CN102027885A - Suspended aquaculture device capable of moving shellfish for fattening and collecting infant shellfish - Google Patents
Suspended aquaculture device capable of moving shellfish for fattening and collecting infant shellfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN102027885A CN102027885A CN2010105267576A CN201010526757A CN102027885A CN 102027885 A CN102027885 A CN 102027885A CN 2010105267576 A CN2010105267576 A CN 2010105267576A CN 201010526757 A CN201010526757 A CN 201010526757A CN 102027885 A CN102027885 A CN 102027885A
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- shellfish
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- seedling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a suspended aquaculture device capable of moving shellfish for fattening and collecting infant shellfish. The suspended aquaculture device can be freely enlarged or reduced according to the proportion and comprises a square outer framework suspending on the water surface; cross bars are arranged on the outer frame at a distance of 30-40cm; the crossed parts of every two cross bars are firmly bound; iron hooks are respectively hung at the crossed parts; the periphery of the outer frame is firmly connected by tenons, bolts and steel plates; the cross bars are firmly connected with the periphery of the framework by tenons, bolts and steel plates; four corners or frame sides of the breeding device are supported by the buoyancy of closed circular and square floaters; one corner of the suspended aquaculture device is connected with a nylon rope ring with the diameter being 4-5cm; the nylon rope ring is firmly sleeved and tied in a pile column which is vertically and deeply buried at the bottom of a pond or the sea bed; and the nylon rope ring can freely lift along the height of the water level, so that the fatten shellfish hung on the iron hooks moves following the movement of the device. The suspended aquaculture device for collecting infant shellfish and fattening belongs to an environment-friendly and low-carbon type aquaculture device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of floated cultivator that shellfish " is moved about " fatten and collect seedling, can solve especially that shellfish is fixed to be fattened and can't ensure when collecting seedling food organisms supply, sludgd deposition and cause anoxic and the mould fungal infection problem of the gill takes place.And whole device manufacturing technology is grasped easily; Cost of manufacture is cheap; Device is only fixed an end, has avoided the frontal impact of stormy waves, and capacity of anti-storm is strong, is fit to the demand of different breeding water body.Therefore, floatedly collect seedling that to fatten device be the aquaculture device that belongs to environmental protection, low-carbon type.
Background technology
The aquaculture amount of China has accounted for more than 70% of the whole world, and to 2008, the output of China's aquatic products reached 4,896 ten thousand tons, and the output of shellfish accounts for 28%.36 kilograms per capita of aquatic products are 1.6 times of world's per capita share.These data declarations a fact: Chinese culture fishery is unparalleled in the world.
Development over nearly 30 years, the water body at the middle and upper levels on nearly more than the 30 ten thousand mu fish pond of coastal areas of southern China beach, the shrimp pool are in breeding process, because the breeding of floatability algae growth, have increased the weight of the eutrophication of breeding water body.If can be fattening stage with the filter-feeding shellfish middle and later periods, move into above-mentioned these breeding water bodies by some breeding facility and do the fast well-fattened of short-term, one can shorten and fatten vegetative period these floatability algae continuously for the filter-feeding shellfish provides natural biological feed; Two have directly solved the problem of the eutrophication on the fish pond and the shrimp pool.These effective breeding facilities are applied, and will improve economy, ecology and the social benefit of aquaculture greatly.
Finding from the Chinese patent literature net has with above-mentioned relevant patent: 1. oyster and shellfish culture lamina affixad (application number: 91107534.8); 2. scallop hanger setting apparatus (application number: 94112992.6); 3. a kind of cultural method of chlamys farreri and special-purpose culture raft frame (application number: 99112013.2); 4. raft type cultivating cage for shellfish (application number: 98110049.X); 5. raft type cultivating cage for shellfish (application number: 98220229.6); 6. scallop is pierced one's ears to put down to hang and is hung foster framework (application number: 200620028739.4); 7. a kind of suspension disk type imbedded and perched shellfish attaching device (application number: 200320118343.5); 8. shellfish raft culture dish (application number: 00215027.1).Above-mentioned facility all is the key facility of the cultivated shellfish in the coastal natural big water body, can not solve fish pond, shrimp pool eutrophication problem but relate to, and they all are at the fixing breeding way of the shellfish of fixed position, exist the not enough problem of natural floatability algae in the subrange, the shellfish growth cycle is long relatively, the characteristics of short-term fattening effect difference, simultaneously, owing to be fixed on not on the position, mud is easy to positions such as the gill, outer embrane or the abdominal foot deposition shellfish and has a strong impact on its growth.The shellfish culture at the end of spring and the beginning of summer in Guangdong Province coastal every year, as mortality in flakes such as Crassostrea rivularis, magnificent scallop, Perna viridis, Mytilus galloprovincialis, main cause is that shellfish gill tissue is subjected to the mud deposition affects, and the mould fungal infection of the gill takes place.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, design a kind of floated cultivator of fattening and collecting seedling that shellfish " is moved about " get up, can solve especially that shellfish is fixed to be fattened and can't ensure when collecting seedling enough supplies of food organisms, sludgd deposition and cause anoxic and the mould fungal infection problem of the gill takes place.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of floated cultivator of fattening and collecting seedling that shellfish " is moved about " get up comprises that one is suspended in the water surface, is square housing framework; Be of a size of around the described square housing framework: (1～4) m * (1～4) m, thing, North and South direction are relative all around, set up a cross bar every 30～40cm, intersect in twos and firmly binding, just form the floated cultivator that a cancellated shellfish is fattened and collects seedling.
Frame material is the lumps of wood arm of angle of 20～30cm around the described housing framework, firmly links with tenon or with bolt, steel plate; Beam material is the mao bamboon of diameter 5～10cm, with tenon or with bolt, steel plate and all around framework firmly link, build the plastic sheet or the bamboo plate that use in the frame and firmly bundle and be used between the cross bar.
Described shellfish is fattened and 4 corners or the edge of the floated cultivator of collecting seedling, respectively by the buoyant support that float is set.The float of described floated cultivator is bundled in the periphery or the below, four corners of outside framework by totally enclosed circle, square polyethylene drum or the ball float that is tetragonal foam-plastic blocks or spheroidal.
Further, the described floated cultivator of fattening and collecting seedling in twos on the crosspoint, links the cleek of long a 10～25cm at the cancellated cross bar of floated cultivator; When cleek hung up rectangle reinforced concrete thin plate with holes, whole floated cultivator can be directly used in that the river mouth is seasonal gathers spat, and when hanging up the shellfish of intermediate rearing of bunchiness, and it is fast well-fattened that whole device can be used for the short-term of commodity shellfish.
Further, the preparation method that cleek on the described cultivator hangs up rectangle reinforced concrete thin plate with holes is, make long a 60～100cm in advance, wide 25～35cm, the template of high 4～6cm, every 5～8cm, diameter is the roundlet pin of 2～3cm, high 6～8cm in the bookbinding on the base plate of template.On described template, put into the mesh skeleton of No. 6 reinforcing bars of forming by long 55～95cm and wide 20～30cm earlier, pour into the cement mortar of last 500～600 labels then, wait to solidify, behind 3～5 foster water, to leave the aperture be the reinforced concrete of 15～25 permeable holes of the 2～3cm plate of collecting seedling.
Shellfish is fattened and the requirement of the growth of collecting seedling in order to satisfy, the particularly requirement of the growing and fattening of Crassostrea rivularis and Perna viridis, an angle of described whole floated cultivator, the nylon cable circle that connects diameter a 4～5cm, firmly cover lies in vertical buried in the cement pile or pine tree pile at the bottom of the pool or seabed; The nylon cable snare is on pile, can raise freely with the water level height or reduce, whole floated cultivator then can promote move freely with current or wind-force, makes to hang over fattening shellfish and can " moving about " get up with the mobile of floated cultivator on the cleek; The frontal impact of having avoided stormy waves simultaneously.
Embodiment
Floated cultivator of fattening and collecting seedling that shellfish " is moved about " the present invention design a kind of below to get up and fixed cultivator collect seedling and fattening effect compares (Crassostrea rivularis and Perna viridis with Bivalve are experiment material).
Embodiment 1 floated shellfish of collecting seedling device and the fixed device of collecting seedling is collected seedling effect relatively
One, experimental design
1, fixed breed lamina affixad of oyster and mussel and floated cultivator are each 50, are positioned at random respectively in the field of collecting seedling of traditional Crassostrea rivularis in intertidal zone, Cheung Sha Wan river mouth, East Guangdong, Guangdong Province and Perna viridis.
2, meet 30 the device difference spot samplings of spring season every month, write down spat and adhere to number, survival rate, and planktonic algae biomass, water temperature, the ammonia nitrogen fixed-point data in the district of collecting seedling are carried out statistical disposition two kinds of modes of collecting seedling.
3, experimental period on March 1st, 2006 to May 30 and on August 1st, 2006 were to October 30
Two, experimental result
The fixed device modes of emplacement of collecting seedling is, a bottom that has 1/3 position directly to insert approximately to be fixed on the river mouth to collect seedling.The area of not only effectively collecting seedling has reduced about 1/3, and the too much deposition of mud has directly influenced the survival rate of spat, and the floated device of collecting seedling, be in the water body upper strata, current can effectively wash away mud, add and leave 15～25 permeable holes that the aperture is 2～3cm on the floated plate of collecting seedling, ensured enough dissolved oxygen amounts.
Table 1 floated with stationary installation on the oyster effect relatively (on March 1st, 2006 was to May 30) of collecting seedling
| Group | Unit are spatfall number is (individual/m 2)? | Total survival rate (%) |
| The fixed device of collecting seedling | 18±3.5? | 16.3±2.8? |
| The floated device of collecting seedling | 23±5.2 ★ | 28.9±4.6 ★★★ |
As can be seen from Table 1, under the same planktonic algae biomass in neritic area, river mouth, water temperature and ammonia-nitrogen content condition of similarity, the seed harvesting amount of the unit are of the floated device of collecting seedling and total survival rate have improved 27.8% and 71.8% respectively than the fixed device of collecting seedling, and the latter's survival rate improves highly significant (P＜0.001).
Table 2 floated with Perna viridis stationary installation the effect relatively (on August 1st, 2006 was to October 30) of collecting seedling
| Group | Unit are spatfall number is (individual/m 2)? | Total survival rate (%) |
| The fixed device of collecting seedling | 29±5.2? | 13.5±2.1? |
| The floated device of collecting seedling | 38±3.2 ★★ | 22.6±1.6 ★★★ |
Table 2 result shows that the effect of collecting seedling of the floated device of collecting seedling obviously is better than the fixed device of collecting seedling, and the former unit are spatfall number and total survival rate have improved 31.1% and 67.4% respectively.
The oyster fattening effect of floated device and stationary installation relatively in embodiment 2 ponds
One, experimental design
1, picked at random Guangdong Province East Guangdong plant two open area respectively are the foster shrimp pool of 1 hectare (about 15 mu), adopt respectively that staking out is fixed fattens device and floatedly fatten the short-term that device carries out before the commodity oyster listing and fatten experiment.
2, data are handled: 50 experiment oyster body weight are measured in sampling observation at random before the experiment, shell is heavy and meat is heavy; Experiment is inspected 50 samples by random samples after finishing at random, and measurement average weight, shell weigh and meat weighs; Calculate body shell ratio, shellfish meat growth rate, oyster commodity ring price ratio and overall growth rate again.
2, experimental session is measured two mouthfuls of shrimp pool planktonic algae biomasss, record water temperature and ammonia nitrogen data respectively every 10d.
3, experimental period: on September 9th, 2008 was to October 20
Two, experimental result
Crassostrea rivularis is after collect seedling, and the shellfish kind is cultivated the commodity oyster to the listing, generally need be through the fattening stage of 30～50d, and oyster can be removed the mud flavor simultaneously to improve the quality of oyster by reinforced cultivating accumulating and enriching nutriment during this.
The oyster fattening effect of floated device and stationary installation compares (on September 9th, 2008 was to October 20) in table 3 pond
| Group | The body shell is than (%) | Shellfish meat growth rate (%) | Oyster commodity ring price ratio | Overall growth rate (%) |
| Tradition is buried mud stake formula and is cultured (contrast) | 0.11±0.02? | 13.3±0.12? | 0.30±0.04? | 8.2±0.15? |
| The fixed device of fattening of staking out | 0.20±0.07 ★★ | 18.1±0.11 ★ | 0.40±0.11 ★★ | 13.5±0.12 ★★ |
| The floated device of fattening | 0.25±0.05 ★★ | 26.6±0.23 ★★★ | 0.47±0.08 ★★ | 18.3±0.21 ★★★ |
Experiment showed, Crassostrea rivularis from seedling stage the centre before becoming the shellfish listing fatten cultivation, be the important stage that improves the quality of oyster, no matter being that staking out is fixed fattens or floated fattening, and can both improve the listing value of commodity oyster.
As seen from Table 3, oyster is through the preceding cultivation of 41d listing, compare with control group, the fattening effect of the two kinds of patterns in back is (P＜0.01) obviously, but the floated device of fattening is than the fixed device of fattening of staking out, not only show better in oyster growth and commodity property, and fattening time shortens the specification requirement that 10～15d just reaches listing, simultaneously, body shell ratio, shellfish meat growth rate, oyster commodity ring price ratio and overall growth rate, the former improves 25.3%, 46.6%, 17.5% and 35.3% respectively than the latter.
Conclusion: from the above embodiments, the floated as can be seen device of fattening has the excellent results that more superior technical characterstic and shellfish are collected seedling and fatten than present existing breeding facility.Whole device manufacturing technology is grasped easily; Cost of manufacture is cheap; Device is only fixed an end, avoids the frontal impact of stormy waves, and capacity of anti-storm is strong, is fit to the demand of different breeding water body.Therefore, floatedly collect seedling that to fatten device be the aquaculture device that belongs to environmental protection, low-carbon type.
Claims (7)
1. floated cultivator that shellfish " is moved about " fatten and collect seedling, comprise that one is suspended in the water surface, is square housing framework (1), it is characterized in that: be of a size of around the described square housing framework (1): (1～4) m * (1～4) m, thing, North and South direction are relative all around, set up a cross bar every 30～40cm, intersect in twos, just form the floated cultivator (2) that a cancellated shellfish is fattened and collects seedling; Described cultivator (2) can be according to the water surface for aquaculture needs, do any expansion or dwindle by dimension scale.
2. a kind of floated cultivator (2) of fattening and collect seedling that shellfish " is moved about " according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: frame material is the lumps of wood arm of angle of 20～30cm around the described housing framework (1), firmly links with tenon or with bolt, steel plate; Beam material is the mao bamboon of diameter 5～10cm, with tenon or with bolt, steel plate and all around framework firmly link, and cross bar infall in twos is used in and builds the plastic sheet or the bamboo plate that use in the frame and firmly bundle.Described shellfish is fattened and 4 corners or the edge of the floated cultivator (2) of collecting seedling, respectively by the buoyant support that float (3) are set.
3. the floated cultivator (2) of fattening and collecting seedling according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: at the cancellated cross bar of floated cultivator in twos on the crosspoint, the cleek (4) that links long a 10～25cm, when described cleek hangs up rectangle reinforced concrete thin plate (5) with holes, whole floated cultivator can be directly used in the seasonal collection in river mouth spat, and when hanging up the shellfish of intermediate rearing of bunchiness, it is fast well-fattened that whole device can be used for the short-term of commodity shellfish.
4. the buoyant support float (3) of a kind of floated cultivator that shellfish " is moved about " fatten and collect seedling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: float is bundled in the periphery or the below, four corners of outside framework (1) by totally enclosed circle, square polyethylene drum or the ball float that is tetragonal foam-plastic blocks or spheroidal.
5. hang up rectangle reinforced concrete thin plate (5) with holes according to the cleek on the described cultivator of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of rectangle reinforcing bar cement plate is, make long a 60～100cm in advance, wide 25～35cm, the template of high 4～6cm (6), every 5～8cm, diameter is the roundlet pin of 2～3cm, high 6～8cm in the bookbinding on the base plate of template.On described template (6), put into the mesh skeleton of No. 6 reinforcing bars of forming by long 55～95cm and wide 20～30cm earlier, pour into the cement mortar of last 500～600 labels then, wait to solidify, behind 3～5 foster water, to leave the aperture be the reinforced concrete of 15～25 permeable holes of the 2～3cm plate of collecting seedling.
6. according to the described floated cultivator (2) of fattening and collecting seedling of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the material of forming used housing of floated cultivator and cross bar comprises, fillet, mao bamboon, various plastic tube.
7. according to the described a kind of floated cultivator that shellfish " is moved about " fatten and collect seedling of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: an angle of whole floated cultivator, the nylon cable circle that connects diameter a 4～5cm, firmly cover lies in vertical buried in the cement pile or pine tree pile at the bottom of the pool or seabed; The nylon cable snare is on pile, can raise freely with the water level height or reduce, whole floated cultivator then can promote move freely with current or wind-force, make hang on the cleek (4) fatten shellfish with the mobile of floated cultivator " moving about " got up.
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| CN2010105267576A CN102027885A (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2010-10-29 | Suspended aquaculture device capable of moving shellfish for fattening and collecting infant shellfish |
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| CN2010105267576A CN102027885A (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2010-10-29 | Suspended aquaculture device capable of moving shellfish for fattening and collecting infant shellfish |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102210275A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-10-12 | 浙江海洋学院 | Fish, shellfish and algae mixed culture detachable suspending device of deep water net cage |
| CN102499152A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 谢绍河 | Wind-and-wave-resistant pearl oyster farming device and lifting type ecological farming method using same |
| CN107223620A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-10-03 | 郭伟锋 | Water treatment system and method for treating water based on shellfish culture |
| CN107318723A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-07 | 姜楠 | A kind of culturing marine products method |
| CN110839577A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-28 | 盐城工学院 | Migration type submarine culture device and operation process thereof |
| CN113207766A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-08-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Fattening method and device for breeding crassostrea gigas in north |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102210275A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-10-12 | 浙江海洋学院 | Fish, shellfish and algae mixed culture detachable suspending device of deep water net cage |
| CN102210275B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2013-06-05 | 浙江海洋学院 | Fish, shellfish and algae mixed culture detachable suspending device of deep water net cage |
| CN102499152A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 谢绍河 | Wind-and-wave-resistant pearl oyster farming device and lifting type ecological farming method using same |
| CN107223620A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-10-03 | 郭伟锋 | Water treatment system and method for treating water based on shellfish culture |
| CN107318723A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-07 | 姜楠 | A kind of culturing marine products method |
| CN110839577A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-28 | 盐城工学院 | Migration type submarine culture device and operation process thereof |
| CN110839577B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-08-13 | 盐城工学院 | Migration type submarine culture device and operation process thereof |
| CN113207766A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-08-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Fattening method and device for breeding crassostrea gigas in north |
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Application publication date: 20110427 |