CN102011382B - Energy-gathering followup icebreaker and ice breaking method - Google Patents
Energy-gathering followup icebreaker and ice breaking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102011382B CN102011382B CN201010526836A CN201010526836A CN102011382B CN 102011382 B CN102011382 B CN 102011382B CN 201010526836 A CN201010526836 A CN 201010526836A CN 201010526836 A CN201010526836 A CN 201010526836A CN 102011382 B CN102011382 B CN 102011382B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ice disaster treatment for rivers, and discloses an energy-gathering followup icebreaker and an ice breaking method. The icebreaker is of a two-stage explosion ice breaking structure integrating storage, transport, emission and ice breaking into a whole, the two-stage explosion ice breaking structure is composed of a first-stage energy gathering punching unit (1) and a second-stage followup icebreaker (3), the energy gathering punching unit (1), the followup icebreaker (3) and a propulsion unit (4) are successively sealed in a connecting cylinder (5), the energy gathering punching unit is connected with the followup icebreaker (3) via a detonation transfer device (2), the tail of the followup icebreaker (3) is embedded with the propulsion unit (4) for providing power, and the external middle part of the connecting cylinder (5) is provided with a bracket (6). By the invention, explosion under ice layers or in ice layers can be achieved, thus rapidly eliminating the expansion effect of ice sheets, smashing ice bergs and ice dams, realizing the purposes of breaking ice and reducing disasters; and the energy-gathering followup icebreaker has the characteristics of good ice breaking effect, low labor intensity, small damage range, no antipersonnel fragments, safety, reliability, low cost and less future troubles, and is convenient in carrying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rivers ice slush hazard management technical field, a kind of cumulative that is particularly useful for rivers ice slush hazard management is with advancing icecap and icebreaking method.
Background technology
In the Yellow River and the north river freezeup phase and ice flood season; The ice slush disaster takes place frequently; And be difficult to control; Cause the ice slush flood damage to bring heavy disaster for the living standard of urban and rural population of downstream, the Yellow River bank and the spring ploughing in rural area, serious ice slush disaster is also stablized the economic development of country and the people's life and is brought devastating impact, and ice slush diaster prevention and control task is arduousness very.
The ice slush that causes calamity is divided into ice sheet, stream icepro, ice berg, ice dam by its form.Ice sheet be the Yellow River on river surface, freeze period of freezing winter have a certain thickness ice body, the expansion meeting of ice sheet damages the building of river course water engineering facility and two sides.At present, the method that overcomes the ice sheet expansion is normally vertically offered the crack of certain width with artificial blasting method in river, ice sheet upper edge, eliminates expansion.That is: earlier artificial with ice wear, crowbar, drill rod is offered or with parcel explosive continuous demolition formation ice cave, then powder charge is added that the counterweight of certain mass ties up on rope or the rod, puts into the water under the ice sheet, detonate simultaneously with primacord or electric cap again.This method needs artificial pore-creating, cloth medicine, and length consuming time and poor safety performance can't satisfy the large tracts of land needs that open ice.Ice berg, ice dam be in the yellow river ice flood phase in next year, and the temperature rises, and ice sheet begins to melt, and the section that the upper reaches thaw earlier can produce a large amount of stream and insult; These streams are insulted and are easy to block the river course when under the section that the river water surface gradient is delayed by abrupt change, letting out; Form ice berg, ice dam, cause and spread unchecked, need to destroy rapidly.At present, mainly be to utilize the airplane air dropping bomb or abolish stream icepro, ice berg, ice dam with the method for cannon emission howitzer, though this method fast expense height, weak effect, future trouble is many, damaging range is big, and near bridge and residential block, can't use.At this moment, still by manual work on ice berg, ice dam surface charge explosion, be pressed for time and poor stability.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a kind of cumulative with advancing icecap and icebreaking method.This icecap can be arranged on the special-purpose explosive that utilizes explosion energy to eliminate ice sheet expansion, destruction ice berg, ice dam fast on ice sheet, ice berg, the ice dam rapidly; Pore-creating, cloth medicine, powder charge under water, the on line of traditional human-generated explosives method operation such as detonate is merged into one procedure; Compare with the open ice Ling Fangfa that disappears such as conventional artificial explosion, airplane air dropping bomb, cannon emission howitzer; Have open ice effective, labour intensity is low, damaging range is little, motor-driven quick, easy to carry, safe and reliable, expense is low, future trouble is little characteristics; Thereby realize the target of truly " becoming passive mitigation for initiatively preventing; the change traditional mode is modern technologies ", the mitigation of opening ice in the Yellow River and other northern river is had very important meaning.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention accomplishes its invention task and takes following technical scheme:
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap, integrates storage, the two-stage of the function of transporting, launch, open ice blast ice breaking structure, and one-level blast ice breaking structure forms the cumulative punching machine that high speed kinetic energy bullet is bored a hole to ice sheet after having fuze action; The secondary detonation ice breaking structure have get in duct that propulsion plant thrust lower edge one-level cumulative punching machine passes in the water under the ice sheet to ice sheet carry out explosion with advancing icebreaking device; Said cumulative punching machine, be sealed in regular turn in the connecting cylinder with advancing icebreaking device, propulsion plant, said cumulative punching machine through the propagation of explosion device with link to each other with advancing icebreaking device, embed the propulsion plant that power is provided arranged with advancing the icebreaking device tail end; The outer middle part of said connecting cylinder is provided with support.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap, and said cumulative punching machine is made up of perforation powder charge, punching machine housing, flame proof body, punching machine steady pin, fuse, fuse gland; The perforation powder charge front portion that is provided with in the said punching machine housing is provided with cavity liner, and the rear portion is provided with the fixing fuse of fuse gland; Be provided with the flame proof body that prevents with advancing the icebreaking device induced detonation after the perforation powder charge; Said punching machine housing is positioned on the stack shell of connecting cylinder through the punching machine steady pin; Said fuse is a mechanical-electrical fuze, and fuse manual safety pin and fuse that fuse is provided with the insurance of manual demilitarize first road are provided with the fuse impacting pin that advances icebreaking device bump cumulative punching machine demilitarize second road insurance.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap, and said perforation powder charge is the cumulative shaped-charge, has the high speed metal bullet of the about 2000m/s of blast back formation speed, is made up of cumulative powder column and cavity liner; Said cumulative powder column is that the plastic explosive compacting forms, and structure is that cylinder adds frustum cone structure; Said cavity liner is a segment shape metal liner, and cavity liner is arranged on the front portion of cumulative powder column.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap, saidly is made up of delay initiation device, the powder charge of opening ice, icebreaking device housing, icebreaking device steady pin with advancing icebreaking device; Said icebreaking device housing front end is provided with the delay initiation device, and the delay initiation device contacts with the powder charge of opening ice of setting in the icebreaking device housing, and the said powder charge of opening ice is the high energy high explosive; Said icebreaking device housing is positioned on the stack shell of connecting cylinder through the icebreaking device steady pin.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap; Said delay initiation device is connected with icebreaking device housing front end through the body that is threaded; The delay initiation device is made up of detonator, location blind nut, sealing plug, extension body, detonating material, the body that is threaded; Said detonator passes location blind nut, sealing plug to the body of delaying, and the extension body other end is provided with detonating material, and said location blind nut is located sealing plug, extension body, detonating material and be sealed in the body that is threaded; The said detonator other end passes the flame proof body through the propagation of explosion device and is connected with the perforation powder charge.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap; Said propulsion plant is made up of connection blind nut, igniter, combustion chamber, propellant, grate, jet pipe, harness; The connection blind nut of said chamber front end setting embeds with in the icebreaking device housing that advances the icebreaking device tail end, is connected by screw threads for fastening; The rear end, combustion chamber is provided with jet pipe, and the propellant rear end is provided with grate in the said combustion chamber, and the front end of propellant is connected with igniter, and said igniter passes propellant, grate through harness and to jet pipe, is connected with the remote control electric igniter; Said igniter is made up of igniter cartridge and electric igniter; Said propellant is a tubular gun propellant.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap, and said connecting cylinder is made up of placket flap, protecgulum sealing ring, stack shell, back nozzle lid, bonnet sealing ring, fuse safety plug seal cover for the finder that advances icebreaking device; Said placket flap is tightly connected through protecgulum sealing ring and stack shell one end, and the stack shell other end is tightly connected through bonnet sealing ring and back nozzle lid, and said stack shell middle part is provided with fuse manual safety pin is sealed in the fuse safety plug seal cover in the stack shell.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap, and said support is made up of brace table, lock-screw, supporting leg, and said one week of brace table is hinged with several supporting legs, and the angle of supporting leg and connecting cylinder is that 0 ° of angle is to acute angle; Said supporting leg is a telescopic legs, is connected and composed through lock-screw by the slotted eye of upper supporting leg with following supporting leg.
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap, and said cumulative is organic engineering material with the punching machine housing that advances icecap, flame proof body, icebreaking device housing, connecting cylinder, support.
A kind of cumulative comprises with the icebreaking method that advances icecap:
A. the lid that opens ice when the rivers ice slush is ice sheet, is opened up crushed zone on ice sheet, eliminate to expand, and its method is according to ice sheet thickness, on ice sheet, lays the icecap of one group of single-row layout rapidly by spacing 3m～5m, the diameter of phi that opens ice of each icecap
bBe 5m～7m, the icecap of one group of single-row layout explodes simultaneously, the crushed zone that it is 5m～7m that explosion goes out a width; Or the multiple row matrix arrangements, every row are arranged icecap by spacing 3m～5m on ice sheet, but explosion goes out large-scale burst region;
B. abolish ice berg, ice dam; When the rivers ice slush is ice berg, ice dam, abolish ice berg, ice dam, the method for mediation main stem flow channels is that the operation hand is taken advantage of aircushion vehicle; Icecap is placed on ice berg, the ice dam surface by the spacing of 3m～5m rapidly; Setting finishes and withdraws to the place of safety, and remote initiation can destroy ice berg, ice dam; Perhaps with the ice dam height 2m～3m that prunes; If for the first time still ice berg, the ice dam of residual certain altitude after the explosion continue said process, till destroying ice berg, ice dam mediation main stem;
Said cumulative is following with the step that opens ice of advancing icecap:
1, opens support, turn on lock-screw, supporting leg is flared to the acute angle extreme position, regulate supporting leg length, tighten lock-screw, icecap is arranged on the ice face reposefully;
2, turn on fuse safety plug seal cover, with punching machine fuse manual safety pin half-twist, the insurance of first road of demilitarize; The harness plug of propulsion plant is inserted in the supply socket, and the personnel of treating withdraw to safe distance;
3, remote initiation, propellant in the propulsion plant is lighted in the electric igniter igniting of propulsion plant; Propulsion plant work is given with advancing the enough thrust of icebreaking device; Cut off the icebreaking device steady pin, promote to quicken to move along connecting cylinder, when when advancing icebreaking device and move to fuse impacting pin position to the ice face with advancing icebreaking device; Bump cumulative punching machine fuse impacting pin; Second road insurance of demilitarize, the perforation charging explosion is ignited in fuse work, makes cavity liner form the about 2000m/s high speed of a speed metal bullet and on ice sheet, bores a hole; Simultaneously be passed to detonation wave with the delay initiation device that advances the icebreaking device front end by the propagation of explosion device delay initiation device trigger; With advancing icebreaking device under the promotion of propulsion plant, overcome the resistance of water, to continue to get into 1.5m under the ice sheet along the ice hole that the cumulative punching machine passes, this moment, the delay initiation device arrived defer time, ignited the powder charge of opening ice and exploded the explosion ice sheet under water.
Because adopt aforesaid technical scheme, the present invention has following superiority:
A kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap and icebreaking method; Be to existing traditional icebreaking method expense height, harm length big, consuming time, many, the poor stability of future trouble; And overcome airplane air dropping bomb, cannon emission howitzer energy and utilize low, as to open ice weak effect shortcoming; According to explosion mechanics and ammunition design science principle, cumulative has been proposed with advancing icecap; This icecap can be arranged on rapidly on ice sheet, ice berg, the ice dam, utilizes explosion energy to eliminate the ice sheet expansion fast, destroy ice berg, ice dam, reaches the purpose of the mitigation of opening ice.This icebreaking method is that the pore-creating of traditional human-generated explosives method, cloth medicine, powder charge under water, on line operation such as detonate is merged into one procedure; Compare with the row of opening ice Ling Fangfa such as conventional artificial explosion, airplane air dropping bomb, cannon emission howitzers; Have open ice effective, labour intensity is low, damaging range is little, motor-driven quick, easy to carry, safe and reliable, expense is low, future trouble is little characteristics; It can guarantee to open ice powder charge under ice sheet or the ice body implode; Can not produce simultaneously the lethal fragmentation that outwards disperses and bigger concussion of blasting harm surrounding environment again; Thereby realize the target of truly " become passive mitigation for initiatively preventing, the change traditional mode is modern technologies ", the mitigation of opening ice in the Yellow River and other northern river is had very important meaning.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cumulative punching machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the perforation charge constitution sketch map of cumulative punching machine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is with the structural representation that advances icebreaking device.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of delay initiation device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of propulsion plant of the present invention.
Fig. 7 a is the structural representation of support folded state of the present invention.
Fig. 7 b is the structural representation of support extended state of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention opens ice sketch map is set.
Fig. 9 a is that the present invention offers single-row crushed zone laying sketch map along the river on ice sheet.
Fig. 9 b is that the present invention offers multiple row crushed zone laying sketch map along the river on ice sheet.
Among the figure: 1, cumulative punching machine, 2, the propagation of explosion device, 3, with advancing icebreaking device, 4, propulsion plant, 5, connecting cylinder, 6, support; 11, perforation powder charge, 12, the punching machine housing, 13, the flame proof body, 14, the punching machine steady pin, 15, fuse, 16, fuse manual safety pin; 17, fuse gland, 18, the fuse impacting pin, 111, the cumulative powder column, 112, cavity liner, 31, the delay initiation device, 32, the powder charge of opening ice; 33, icebreaking device housing, 34, the icebreaking device steady pin, 311, detonator, 312, the location blind nut, 313, sealing plug, 314, the extension body; 315, detonating material, 316, the body that is threaded, 41, connect blind nut, 42, igniter, 43, the combustion chamber, 44, propellant; 45, grate, 46, jet pipe, 47, harness, 51, the placket flap, 52, the protecgulum sealing ring, 53, stack shell; 54, back nozzle lid, 55, the bonnet sealing ring, 56, fuse safety plug seal cover, 61, brace table, 62, lock-screw, 63, supporting leg.
The practical implementation process
In conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is explained.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of cumulative is with advancing icecap PBQ, collects storage, the function of transporting, launch, open ice is in unitary whole formula structure, mainly comprises: cumulative punching machine 1, propagation of explosion device 2, with advancing icebreaking device 3, propulsion plant 4, connecting cylinder 5 and support 6.Said icecap adopts two-stage blast structure; One-level is a cumulative punching machine 1, is detonated by fuse 15, and the blast back forms high speed kinetic energy bullet ice sheet is bored a hole; Secondary is with advancing icebreaking device 3; Duct in that propulsion plant 4 thrust lower edge one-level cumulative punching machines 1 pass gets in the water of the 1.5m degree of depth under the ice sheet, is detonated by delay initiation device 31, and ice sheet is carried out explosion.Said propagation of explosion device 2 links to each other with secondary one-level cumulative punching machine 1 for primacord with advancing icebreaking device 3, be used for the detonation wave of one-level cumulative punching machine 1 blast is passed to secondary with advancing icebreaking device 3; Said propulsion plant 4 is embedding in the icebreaking device housing 33 with advancing icebreaking device 3 tail ends through the connection blind nut 41 of front end, for advancing icebreaking device 3 motions power being provided; Said cumulative punching machine 1, be sealed in the connecting cylinder 5 with advancing icebreaking device 3, spacing is 161mm, is positioned on the stack shell 53 of connecting cylinder 5 through four punching machine steady pins 14, four icebreaking device steady pins 34 respectively; Said support 6 fastening connecting cylinder 5 outsides that are connected in.
As shown in Figure 2, said cumulative punching machine 1 is made up of perforation powder charge 11, punching machine housing 12, flame proof body 13, punching machine steady pin 14, fuse 15, fuse manual safety pin 16, fuse gland 17, fuse impacting pin 18; The said perforation powder charge 11 that is positioned at punching machine housing 12 inside, the front portion is provided with cavity liner 112, and fuse 15 is installed at the rear portion, through fuse gland 17 fixed fuses 15; Said flame proof body 13 is positioned at after the perforation powder charge 11, prevents with advancing icebreaking device 3 induced detonation.
As shown in Figure 3; The perforation powder charge 11 of said cumulative punching machine 1 is the cumulative shaped-charge; Be made up of cumulative powder column 111 and cavity liner 112, said cumulative powder column 111 adopts the compacting of 8701 plastic explosives to form, and structure is that cylinder adds frustum cone structure; Said cavity liner 112 is installed in the front portion of cumulative powder column 111, is segment shape metal liner; After said cumulative powder column 111 blasts, make the high speed metal bullet of the about 2000m/s of cavity liner 112 formation speed.
The fuse 15 of said cumulative punching machine 1 is a mechanical-electrical fuze; Manually first road of demilitarize 15 insurance, with the fuse impacting pin 18 that advances icebreaking device 3 bump cumulative punching machines 1, second road insurance of demilitarize 15; And the cumulative punching machine 1 that detonates, ice sheet is bored a hole.
As shown in Figure 4, saidly form by delay initiation device 31, the powder charge 32 of opening ice, icebreaking device housing 33, icebreaking device steady pin 34 with advancing icebreaking device 3; As shown in Figure 5; Said is fabricated structure with the delay initiation device that advances icebreaking device 3 31; Form by detonator 311, location blind nut 312, sealing plug 313, extension body 314, detonating material 315, the body 316 that is threaded etc., delay initiation device 31 is installed in entering icebreaking device 3 front portions, link to each other with perforation powder charge 11 with propagation of explosion device 2 through the body 316 that is threaded; Ignite detonator 311 by propagation of explosion device 2; Detonator 311 low velocity detonations are lighted extension body 314, and extension body 314 time-delay finishes to ignite detonating materials 315, and 315 pairs of detonating materials detonate with advancing icebreaking device 3; Said location blind nut 312 is located sealing plug 313, extension body 314, detonating material 315 and be sealed in the body 316 that is threaded; The said powder charge 32 of opening ice is the high energy high explosive, fills in the icebreaking device housing 33.
As shown in Figure 6; Said propulsion plant 4 is made up of connection blind nut 41, igniter 42, combustion chamber 43, propellant 44, grate 45, jet pipe 46, harness 47; Said igniter 42 is positioned at propulsion plant 4 front portions; Be made up of igniter cartridge and electric igniter, harness 47 is drawn from propulsion plant 4 rear portions, adopts remote control electric ignition mode; Said propellant 44 is the GAT0-3 tubular gun propellant.
As shown in Figure 1, said connecting cylinder 5 be packing tube also be with the finder that advances icebreaking device 3, form by placket flap 51, protecgulum sealing ring 52, stack shell 53, back nozzle lid 54, bonnet sealing ring 55, fuse safety plug seal cover 56; Said placket flap 51 and protecgulum sealing ring 52, back nozzle lid 54 are connected realization stack shell 53 sealed at both ends respectively with bonnet sealing ring 55 with stack shell 53 through screw thread at stack shell 53 two ends; Said fuse safety plug seal cover 56 usefulness are threaded on the stack shell 53, and fuse manual safety pin 16 is sealed in the stack shell 53.
Shown in Fig. 7 a, said support 6 is made up of brace table 61, lock-screw 62, supporting leg 63, has some supporting legs of adjustment icecap height and level, and the supporting leg 63 of support 6 is scalable; Icecap is in storage, travel position, support 6 folding gatherings in connecting cylinder 5 outsides, and be in safety position, and open support 6 during use, adjustment supporting leg 63 length and locking are shown in Fig. 7 b.
Said cumulative is organic engineering material with the connecting cylinder that advances icecap 5, support 6, punching machine housing 12, flame proof body 13, icebreaking device housing 33, and the equipment explosion time does not produce the lethal fragmentation of the bulk of outwards dispersing.
Implement cumulative with the icebreaking method that advances icecap PBQ, step is following:
A. when the rivers ice slush is ice sheet, on ice sheet, open up crushed zone, eliminate and expand, its method is according to ice sheet thickness, on ice sheet, lays one group of icecap PBQ, the diameter of phi that opens ice of each icecap PBQ by spacing 3m～5m rapidly
bBe 5m～7m, one group of icecap PBQ explodes simultaneously, the crushed zone that it is 5m～7m that single-row layout can explosion goes out a width, and the multiple row matrix arrangements can hew out large-scale burst region, shown in Fig. 9 a, 9b;
B. when the rivers ice slush is ice berg, ice dam; Abolish ice berg, ice dam; The method of mediation main stem flow channels is that the operation hand is taken advantage of aircushion vehicle, and equipment is placed on ice berg, the ice dam surface by spacing 3m～5m rapidly, and being provided with finishes withdraws to the place of safety; Remote initiation can destroy ice berg, ice dam or with the ice dam height 2m～3m that prunes; If for the first time still ice berg, the ice dam of residual certain altitude after the explosion continue said process, till destroying ice berg, ice dam mediation main stem.
Said cumulative is with the course of work of advancing icecap PBQ: as shown in Figure 8, open support 6, and turn on lock-screw 62, supporting leg 63 is flared to extreme position, regulate supporting leg 63 length, tighten lock-screw 62, flat PBQ is arranged on the ice face quietly with icecap; Turn on fuse safety plug seal cover 56, with fuse manual safety pin 16 half-twists, the insurance of first road of demilitarize 15; Harness 47 plugs of propulsion plant 4 are inserted in the supply socket, and the personnel of treating withdraw to safe distance, remote initiation; Propellants 44 in the propulsion plant 4 are lighted in igniter 42 igniting of propulsion plant 4, and propulsion plant 4 work are given with advancing the enough thrust of icebreaking device 3; Cut off icebreaking device steady pin 34, promote to quicken to move along connecting cylinder 5, when when advancing icebreaking device 3 motion 30mm to the ice face with advancing icebreaking device 3; The fuse impacting pin 18 of bump cumulative punching machine 1, second road insurance of demilitarize 15, fuse 15 work; Ignite perforation powder charge 1 blast; Make cavity liner 112 form a high speed metal bullet and on ice sheet, bore a hole, detonation wave is passed to the delay initiation device 31 that advances icebreaking device 3 front ends delay initiation device 31 triggers by propagation of explosion device 2 simultaneously; With advancing icebreaking device 3 under the promotion of propulsion plant 4, overcome the resistance of water, to continue to get into ice sheet about 1.5m down along the ice hole that cumulative punching machine 1 passes, delay initiation device 31 arrival defer times were ignited the powder charge 32 of opening ice and were exploded the explosion ice sheet under water this moment.
Claims (10)
1. a cumulative is with advancing icecap; It is characterized in that: integrate storage, the two-stage of the function of transporting, launch, open ice blast ice breaking structure, one-level blast ice breaking structure forms the cumulative punching machine (1) that high speed kinetic energy bullet is bored a hole to ice sheet after having fuze action; The secondary detonation ice breaking structure have get in duct that propulsion plant (4) thrust lower edge one-level cumulative punching machine (1) passes in the water under the ice sheet to ice sheet carry out explosion with advancing icebreaking device (3); Said cumulative punching machine (1), with advance icebreaking device (3), propulsion plant (4) is sealed in the connecting cylinder (5) in regular turn; Said cumulative punching machine (1) through propagation of explosion device (2) with link to each other with advancing icebreaking device (3), embed the propulsion plant (4) that power is provided arranged with advancing icebreaking device (3) tail end; The outer middle part of said connecting cylinder (5) is provided with support (6);
Wherein, cumulative punching machine (1) is made up of perforation powder charge (11), punching machine housing (12), flame proof body (13), punching machine steady pin (14), fuse (15), fuse gland (17); Perforation powder charge (11) front portion that is provided with in the punching machine housing (12) of said cumulative punching machine (1) is provided with cavity liner (112), and perforation powder charge (11) rear portion is provided with the fixing fuse (15) of fuse gland (17); Perforation powder charge (11) is provided with the flame proof body (13) that prevents with advancing icebreaking device (3) induced detonation afterwards; Said punching machine housing (12) is positioned on the stack shell of connecting cylinder (5) through punching machine steady pin (14);
Wherein, saidly form by delay initiation device (31), the powder charge of opening ice (32), icebreaking device housing (33), icebreaking device steady pin (34) with advancing icebreaking device (3); Saidly be provided with delay initiation device (31) with icebreaking device housing (33) front end that advances icebreaking device (3), the powder charge of opening ice (32) that is provided with in delay initiation device (31) and the icebreaking device housing (33) contacts; Said icebreaking device housing (33) is positioned on the stack shell of connecting cylinder (5) through icebreaking device steady pin (34).
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 1 with advancing icecap; It is characterized in that: said fuse (15) is a mechanical-electrical fuze; Fuse manual safety pin (16) and fuse that fuse (15) is provided with the insurance of manual demilitarize first road are provided with the fuse impacting pin (18) that advances icebreaking device bump cumulative punching machine demilitarize second road insurance.
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 2 with advancing icecap, it is characterized in that: said perforation powder charge (11) is the cumulative shaped-charge, has the high speed metal bullet of the about 2000m/s of blast back formation speed, is made up of cumulative powder column (111) and cavity liner (112); Said cumulative powder column (111) forms for the plastic explosive compacting, and structure is that cylinder adds frustum cone structure; Said cavity liner (112) is a segment shape metal liner, and cavity liner is arranged on the front portion of cumulative powder column (111).
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 1 with advancing icecap, it is characterized in that: the said powder charge of opening ice (32) is for the high energy high explosive.
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 4 with advancing icecap; It is characterized in that: said delay initiation device (31) is connected with icebreaking device housing (33) front end through the body that is threaded (316); Delay initiation device (31) is made up of detonator (311), location blind nut (312), sealing plug (313), extension body (314), detonating material (315), the body that is threaded (316); Said detonator (311) passes location blind nut (312), sealing plug (313) to the body of delaying (314); Extension body (314) other end is provided with detonating material (315), and said location blind nut (312) is located sealing plug (313), extension body (314), detonating material (315) and be sealed in and is threaded in the body (316); Said detonator (311) other end passes flame proof body (13) through propagation of explosion device (2) and is connected with the perforation powder charge.
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 1 with advancing icecap; It is characterized in that: said propulsion plant (4) is made up of connection blind nut (41), igniter (42), combustion chamber (43), propellant (44), grate (45), jet pipe (46), harness (47); The connection blind nut (41) that said combustion chamber (43) front end is provided with embeds with in the icebreaking device housing (33) that advances icebreaking device (3) tail end, is connected by screw threads for fastening; Rear end, combustion chamber (43) is provided with jet pipe (46); The interior propellant in said combustion chamber (43) (44) rear end is provided with grate (45); The front end of propellant (44) is connected with igniter (42), said igniter (42) through harness (47) pass propellant (44), grate (45) is connected with the remote control electric igniter to jet pipe (46); Said igniter (42) is made up of igniter cartridge and electric igniter; Said propellant (44) is a tubular gun propellant.
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 2 with advancing icecap; It is characterized in that: said connecting cylinder (5) is made up of placket flap (51), protecgulum sealing ring (52), stack shell (53), back nozzle lid (54), bonnet sealing ring (55), fuse safety plug seal cover (56) for the finder that enters icebreaking device (3); Said placket flap (51) is tightly connected through protecgulum sealing ring (52) and stack shell (53) one ends; Stack shell (53) other end is tightly connected through bonnet sealing ring (55) and back nozzle lid (54), and said stack shell (53) middle part is provided with fuse manual safety pin is sealed in the fuse safety plug seal cover (56) in the stack shell.
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 1 with advancing icecap; It is characterized in that: said support (6) is made up of brace table (61), lock-screw (62), supporting leg (63); Said (61) one weeks of brace table are hinged with several supporting legs (63), and supporting leg (63) is 0 ° of angle or acute angle with the angle of connecting cylinder (5); Said supporting leg (63) is a telescopic legs, is connected and composed through lock-screw (62) by the slotted eye of upper supporting leg with following supporting leg.
According to the said a kind of cumulative of claim 1 with advancing icecap, it is characterized in that: said cumulative is organic engineering material with the punching machine housing (12) that advances icecap, flame proof body (13), icebreaking device housing (33), connecting cylinder (5), support (6).
10. icebreaking method of implementing the said icecap of claim 1 is characterized in that: comprising:
A. the lid that opens ice when the rivers ice slush is ice sheet, is opened up crushed zone on ice sheet, eliminate to expand, and its method is according to ice sheet thickness, on ice sheet, lays the icecap of one group of single-row layout rapidly by spacing 3m～5m, the diameter of phi that opens ice of each icecap
bBe 5m～7m, the icecap of one group of single-row layout explodes simultaneously, the crushed zone that it is 5m～7m that explosion goes out a width; Or the multiple row matrix arrangements, every row are arranged icecap by spacing 3m～5m on ice sheet, but explosion goes out large-scale burst region;
B. abolish ice berg, ice dam; When the rivers ice slush is ice berg, ice dam, abolish ice berg, ice dam, the method for mediation main stem is that the operation hand is taken advantage of aircushion vehicle; Icecap is placed on ice berg, the ice dam surface by the spacing of 3m～5m rapidly; Setting finishes and withdraws to the place of safety, and remote initiation can destroy ice berg, ice dam; Perhaps with the ice dam height 2m～3m that prunes; If for the first time still ice berg, the ice dam of residual certain altitude after the explosion continue said process, till destroying ice berg, ice dam mediation main stem;
Said cumulative is following with the step that opens ice of advancing icecap:
1), open support (6), turn on lock-screw (62), supporting leg (63) is flared to the acute angle extreme position, regulate supporting leg (63) length, tighten lock-screw (62), icecap is arranged on the ice face reposefully;
2), turn on fuse safety plug seal cover (56), with fuse manual safety pin (16) half-twist of cumulative punching machine (1), first road of demilitarize (15) insurance; Harness (41) plug of propulsion plant (4) is inserted in the supply socket, and the personnel of treating withdraw to safe distance;
3), remote initiation, propellant (44) in the propulsion plant is lighted in the igniting of the electric igniter (42) of propulsion plant (4); Propulsion plant (4) work is given with advancing the enough thrust of icebreaking device (3); Cut off icebreaking device steady pin (34), promote to quicken to the motion of ice face along connecting cylinder (5), when when advancing icebreaking device (3) and move to fuse impacting pin (18) position with advancing icebreaking device (3); Bump cumulative punching machine fuse impacting pin (18); Second road insurance of demilitarize (15), perforation powder charge (11) blast is ignited in fuse work, makes cavity liner (112) form the about 2000m/s high speed of a speed metal bullet and on ice sheet, bores a hole; Be passed to detonation wave with the delay initiation device (31) that advances the icebreaking device front end, delay initiation device trigger by propagation of explosion device (2) simultaneously; With advancing icebreaking device (3) under the promotion of propulsion plant (4); Overcome the resistance of water, continue to get into 1.5m under the ice sheet along the ice hole that the cumulative punching machine passes, delay initiation device this moment (31) arrives defer time; The explosion ice sheet is exploded in the ignition powder charge (32) of opening ice under water.
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| CN106904259B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-11-20 | 泉州市保达玉利工业设计有限公司 | A kind of ice breaking by explosion system |
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