CN102009652A - 一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法 - Google Patents

一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN102009652A
CN102009652A CN2010105680978A CN201010568097A CN102009652A CN 102009652 A CN102009652 A CN 102009652A CN 2010105680978 A CN2010105680978 A CN 2010105680978A CN 201010568097 A CN201010568097 A CN 201010568097A CN 102009652 A CN102009652 A CN 102009652A
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driving
mode
engine
torque limiting
vehicle
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张裕强
段志辉
任勇
周安健
苏岭
李宗华
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Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Chongqing Changan New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Chongqing Changan New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2510/244—Charge state
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    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/424—Friction clutches
    • B60Y2400/4244—Friction clutches of wet type, e.g. using multiple lamellae
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Abstract

本发明公开一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法,通过混动控制器HCU对车辆状态的监控实现以下的控制：在启动时，混动控制器HCU首先判断动力电池的SOC，当动力电池SOC值大于阈值A时，限力矩离合器是常开状态的之后，混动即进入纯电动模式起步并行驶；如不能同时满足以上条件，混动即进入发动机启动及发动机行驶模式；在行驶中，当车辆根据驾驶扭矩需求由纯电动模式进入发动机和驱动电动机联合驱动模式。本发明不仅降低了电动模式下发动机作为有害负载对经济性和动力性损耗，同时在切换到联合驱动过程中，响应迅速，冲击度较小，控制相对简单。

Description

一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力汽车的动力总成控制，具体涉及一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法。
背景技术
常规的混合动力汽车的动力总成主要由发动机、驱动电动机、动力电池、动力耦合装置组成。在启动、加速、制动、爬坡的时候，通过能量的转化以及动力耦合机构的切换，达到节能减排的目的。
纯电动机驱动模式、发动机与电动机联合驱动模式为某些混合动力汽车固有的模式。为了实现上述模式，目前主要有几种方案：
第一种方案，纯电动机驱动模式下，发动机停止运行，电动机在驱动车辆的同时还会拖动发动机空转。该方案虽然动力耦合装置的结构简单，但发动机阻力负载降低了混动的动力性和燃油经济性。
第二种方案，在动力形式切换的过程中，应用的是主电动机、辅电动机以及电子离合器组成的双电动机结构。该方案可以平稳地实现电动驱动模式到发动机驱动模式的平稳切换，但是系统硬件配置比较复杂，需要精确控制辅助电动机、主电动机、电子离合器。其过程为：首先，控制发动机扭矩由小到大，然后，控制驱动电动机扭矩由大到小的变化，在扭矩到达平衡点之后再进行切换。该方案为了防止动力切换过程发生冲击，必须延长切换时间，响应较慢。
以上两种方案都存在缺陷，因此，需要另辟蹊径来实现混合动力汽车由纯电动机驱动模式到发动机与电动机联合驱动模式的切换。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法,该方法可以取消发动机在纯电动模式下的空转阻力负载，实现动力切换平稳，能提高加速性能和驾驶的舒适性,控制相对简洁。
本发明是在以下所述的动力耦合驱动系统实现控制的，该系统包括发动机、设在发动机的输出轴与驱动电动机的电机转子之间的限力矩离合器、设在限力矩离合器上的位移传感器、设在发动机的输出轴与限力矩离合器之间的单向离合器、设在驱动电动机的电机转子与手动变速箱之间的主离合器、设在手动变速箱内的传动机构、与驱动电动机连接的动力电池，还包括与动力电池、驱动电动机和位移传感器电连接的混动控制器HCU。
本发明所述的一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法,其特征是，通过混动控制器HCU对车辆启动、行驶、加速等状态的监控，以便实现以下的控制：
（1）在启动时，混动控制器HCU首先判断动力电池的SOC，当动力电池SOC值大于阈值A的时候，然后，根据设在限力矩离合器上的位置传感器8反馈的信号，判断限力矩离合器所处的状态，当判断限力矩离合器是常开状态的之后，混动即进入纯电动模式起步并行驶；如不能同时满足以上条件，混动即进入发动机启动及发动机行驶模式；在纯电动模式下，驱动电动机的动力不会分流给发动机，这样可以有效的提高混动动力性和燃油经济性。
（2）在行驶中，当车辆根据驾驶扭矩需求由纯电动模式进入发动机和驱动电动机联合并机驱动模式时，首先是踏板输入信号被混动控制器HCU采集、并计算，如果需求扭矩大于驱动电动机实际可提供扭矩时候，需要启动发动机实现联合并机驱动；如果需求扭矩小于驱动电动机实际可以提供的扭矩输出，则混动维持纯电动行驶；车辆由纯电动进入联合并机驱动的过程为：混动控制器HCU发出继电器吸合信息之后，限力矩离合器执行电动机开始转动，直到限力矩离合器完全闭合，该闭合信息反馈给混动控制器HCU，判断限力矩离合器是闭合的，驱动电动机部分动力通过限力矩离合器传递给发动机，发动机被迅速启动之后，其扭矩通过单向离合器传递出来，然后与驱动电动机共同驱动车辆，实现了快速响应的联合驱动模式。
本发明的有益效果：不仅降低了电动模式下发动机作为有害负载对经济性和动力性损耗，同时在切换到联合驱动过程中，响应迅速，冲击度较小，能满足驾驶舒适性，控制相对简单。
附图说明
图1是本发明实现控制的动力耦合驱动系统结构简图。
图2 动力耦合装置结构示意图。
图3是纯电动模式控制流程图。
图4是联合并机驱动模式控制流程。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作详细的说明。
参见图1所示的本发明实现控制的动力耦合驱动系统，该系统包括发动机1、设在发动机的输出轴与驱动电动机6的电机转子之间的限力矩离合器7、设在限力矩离合器上的位移传感器8、设在发动机的输出轴与限力矩离合器之间的单向离合器2、设在驱动电动机6的电机转子与手动变速箱4之间的主离合器3、设在手动变速箱4内的传动机构5、与驱动电动机连接的动力电池9，还包括与动力电池、驱动电动机和位移传感器电连接的混动控制器HCU；驱动电动机的电机转子与限力矩离合器在轴向重叠，径向相互嵌套；限力矩离合器与单向离合器在轴向重叠，径向相互嵌套；主离合器与驱动电动机的电机转子在轴向重叠，径向相互嵌套，驱动电动机的电机转子通过主离合器与手动变速器的输入轴配合连接。其中的单向离合器直接连接到发动机输出轴上，发动机能够通过单向离合器把动力输出，但是驱动电动机的动力不能通过单向离合器输入给发动机。从而保证了纯电动行驶模式下，驱动电动机的动力不会传递给静止的发动机，降低了发动机空转阻力，对混动经济性和动力性能都有所提高。纯电动模式下，限力矩离合器是常开的，发动机不会被驱动电动机反拖。通过限力矩离合器的闭合，可以实现驱动电动机启动发动机的控制。
参见图2详细说明动力耦合装置的结构特点:1－1为发动机曲轴动力传出部分，与单向离合器2以及限力矩离合器连接，7－1为限力矩离合器的摩擦片，7－2为限力矩离合器的隔离片， 7－3为限力矩离合器的弹簧， 6－1为电机定子， 6－2为电机转子，10为冷却油路，11为发动机和驱动电机动力传出部分，该动力通过单向离合器及限力矩离合器的耦合传递到驻离合器和变速器中，从而传递到车轮，驱动车辆行驶。
本发明是通过混动控制器HCU对车辆启动、行驶、加速状态的监控来实现的，其控制方法为：
（1）参见图3，当车辆由静止状态进入到纯电动模式行驶时，混动控制器HCU首先判断动力电池的SOC，当动力电池SOC值大于阈值A的时候，然后，根据设在限力矩离合器上的位置传感器8反馈的信号，判断限力矩离合器所处的状态，当判断限力矩离合器是常开状态的之后，混动即进入纯电动模式起步并行驶；如不能同时满足以上条件，混动即进入发动机启动及发动机行驶模式；在纯电动模式下，驱动电动机的动力不会分流给发动机，这样可以有效的提高混动动力性和燃油经济性。
（2）参见图4，在车辆处于纯电动行驶模式下，驾驶需求扭矩是不断变化的，当车辆根据驾驶扭矩需求由纯电动模式进入发动机和驱动电动机联合并机驱动模式时，首先是踏板输入信号被混动控制器HCU采集、并计算，如果需求扭矩大于驱动电动机实际可提供扭矩时候，需要启动发动机实现联合并机驱动；如果需求扭矩小于驱动电动机实际可以提供的扭矩输出，则混动维持纯电动行驶；车辆由纯电动进入联合并机驱动的过程为：混动控制器HCU发出继电器吸合信息之后，限力矩离合器执行电动机开始转动，直到限力矩离合器完全闭合，该闭合信息反馈给混动控制器HCU，判断限力矩离合器是闭合的，驱动电动机部分动力通过限力矩离合器传递给发动机，发动机被迅速启动之后，其扭矩通过单向离合器传递出来，然后与驱动电动机共同驱动车辆，实现了快速响应的联合驱动模式。

Claims (1)

1.一种混合动力汽车由纯电动进入联合驱动过程的控制方法,其特征是，通过混动控制器HCU对车辆状态的监控实现以下的控制：
（1）在启动时，混动控制器HCU首先判断动力电池的SOC，当动力电池SOC值大于阈值A的时候，然后，根据设在限力矩离合器上的位置传感器8反馈的信号，判断限力矩离合器所处的状态，当判断限力矩离合器是常开状态的之后，混动即进入纯电动模式起步并行驶；如不能同时满足以上条件，混动即进入发动机启动及发动机行驶模式；在纯电动模式下，驱动电动机的动力不会分流给发动机，这样可以有效的提高混动动力性和燃油经济性；
（2）在行驶中，当车辆根据驾驶扭矩需求由纯电动模式进入发动机和驱动电动机联合并机驱动模式时，首先是踏板输入信号被混动控制器HCU采集、并计算，如果需求扭矩大于驱动电动机实际可提供扭矩时候，需要启动发动机实现联合并机驱动；如果需求扭矩小于驱动电动机实际可以提供的扭矩输出，则混动维持纯电动行驶；车辆由纯电动进入联合并机驱动的过程为：混动控制器HCU发出继电器吸合信息之后，限力矩离合器执行电动机开始转动，直到限力矩离合器完全闭合，该闭合信息反馈给混动控制器HCU，判断限力矩离合器是闭合的，驱动电动机部分动力通过限力矩离合器传递给发动机，发动机被迅速启动之后，其扭矩通过单向离合器传递出来，然后与驱动电动机共同驱动车辆，实现了快速响应的联合驱动模式。
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