CN101993980A - Method for smelting ultralow-phosphorous steel - Google Patents

Method for smelting ultralow-phosphorous steel Download PDF

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CN101993980A
CN101993980A CN2010105700100A CN201010570010A CN101993980A CN 101993980 A CN101993980 A CN 101993980A CN 2010105700100 A CN2010105700100 A CN 2010105700100A CN 201010570010 A CN201010570010 A CN 201010570010A CN 101993980 A CN101993980 A CN 101993980A
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slag
dephosphorization
blowing
converter
steel
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CN101993980B (en
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吕延春
朱志远
王立峰
田志红
王文军
刘洋
危尚好
姜中行
李战军
王海宝
石树东
张振江
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Shougang Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for smelting ultralow-phosphorous steel, in particular to a method for carrying out dephosphorization pretreatment in a converter and then carrying out blowing double slag or single slag for producing ultralow-phosphorous steel, wherein multiplex blowing process with the combination of top-blown oxygen, bottom-blown nitrogen and argon is adopted. In the method, when the dephosphorization pretreatment is carried out, an ultra-low top-blown oxygen lance flow control is adopted, more ore addition amount and less steel scrap loading amount are adopted according to different molt iron conditions, the blowing finish temperature is controlled to be about 1300-1400 DEG C, and the carbon content is controlled to be about 2.5-3.5%; and normal top blowing with the gas supply intensity of 3.0-3.5Nm<3>/min.t is adopted after the dephosphorization pretreatment is finished, and the blowing finish temperature is controlled to be 1650-1720 DEG C. By adopting the new process, the phosphorous content of the melt iron is reduced to be about 0.010% after the dephosphorization pretreatment is fihished, and the final phosphorous content in the converter can be reduced to be below 25ppm.

Description

A kind of extremely low-phosphorous smelting steel method
Technical field: converter steelmaking field;
Background technology: a kind of extremely low-phosphorous smelting steel novel process of the present invention belongs to the converter steelmaking field, relates generally to the two slag meltings of converter dephosphorization pre-treatment and converter.
Phosphorus is a kind of easy segregation element in steel, when phosphorus content in the steel greater than 0.015% the time, the segregation of phosphorus sharply increases, and impels segregation line hardness to increase, simultaneously, phosphorus also worsens welding property, significantly reduces the low-temperature impact toughness of steel, improves the brittle transition temperature of steel.The pipe line steel of present domestic Wide and Thick Slab production field production, ocean platform all need low phosphorus content with steel, oil well pipe steel, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel with steel etc.Adopt common process can't satisfy extremely low phosphoretic steel dephosphorization requirement for extremely low-phosphorous smelting steels such as 9Ni steel.
Low-phosphorous smelting steel technology is divided into two kinds usually: a kind of deep dephosphorization technology that is based on external refining, another is based on the deep dephosphorization technology in the converter stove.This technology belongs to based on the dephosphorization technology in the stove.
For the strict steel grade of phosphorus content, the converter terminal phosphorus content is low more good more.In the patent of applying at present, general converter tapping phosphorus content span of control belongs to low phosphoretic steel, ultra-low phosphoretic steel smelting category in mass percent is 0.005%～0.015% scope at home; This patent dephosphorization technology converter terminal phosphorus content mass percent is controlled in 0.003%, belongs to extremely low-phosphorous smelting steel category.
" a kind of soft steel converter smelting method of low-phosphorus steel " of domestic other patents such as Capital Iron ﹠ Steel General Co adopts double slag process to smelt, be to adopt flow process and adopt the molten iron condition different with the maximum different of this patent, the basic blowing system such as oxygen supply, slagging regime that reaches all has essential distinction.This patent adopts the low-phosphorous molten iron of handling in the stove, and the molten iron phosphorus content is lower than 0.010%, and " a kind of soft steel converter smelting method of low-phosphorus steel " adopts the molten iron of phosphorus content about 0.070% to handle.Be embodied in for the difference that adopts the oxygen supply aspect: this patent smelting initial stage adopts extremely low oxygen flow to be lower than 1.5Nm 3/ min.t, and " a kind of soft steel converter smelting method of low-phosphorus steel " adopts 2.5Nm 3The oxygen flow that/min.t is above etc.
For other patents such as Pangang Group Institute Co., Ltd's " a kind of production method of low phosphorus steel by smelting semisteel ", its converter terminal phosphorus content is controlled at about 0.006%.Phosphorus content span of control difference at first, next adopts the molten iron condition also different, adopt the dephosphorization molten iron as this patent, and " a kind of production method of low phosphorus steel by smelting semisteel " adopts molten iron as the blowing raw material.This patent mainly carries out the pretreated means of dephosphorization of molten iron by adjusting oxygen supply system in addition, supplementary means is a slagging regime, and narration in " a kind of production method of low phosphorus steel by smelting semisteel " patent " mainly being to realize by the slag making parameter of adjusting the single slag process converter smelting ", realization means and purpose have nothing in common with each other, also inequality for top blast oxygen air supply intensity, this patent air supply intensity is starkly lower than the air supply intensity of " a kind of production method of low phosphorus steel by smelting semisteel ".
For other patents, no matter be primary institutions such as technology, slag making, oxygen supply, still all there is bigger difference in essence in molten iron starting material that adopt etc.
The dephosphorization technology that this patent relates to adopts than the low oxygen flow, single slag, two slag phase oxygen supply intensity adopt the traditional technology oxygen supply intensity all to exist different with other producer's technologies, adopt bigger ore add-on during as the dephosphorization pre-treatment, the dephosphorization pre-treatment period finishes, the molten iron carbon content is controlled at about 3.0%, phosphorus content is controlled at about 0.010%, and the dephosphorization end temp is controlled at about 1300 ℃～1400 ℃, and carries out single slag or two slag melting after the dephosphorization pre-treatment.This invention principal feature is carried out the dephosphorization of molten iron processing for being embodied in same block converter, after the deslagging, if adopt two slag meltings, can at utmost reduce the slag rephosphorization.Therefore, this technological advantage is, adopts low-phosphorous molten iron to carry out single slag or two slag melting, and blowing steadily, speed of response is fast, efficient is high can produce extremely low phosphoretic steel.
Summary of the invention:
For overcoming deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of with the production method of dephosphorization of molten iron pre-treatment in the converter stove with the extremely low phosphoretic steel of two slag melting productions, the converter terminal phosphorus content is lower than 0.0030%, with the converter with top and bottom complex blowing function is processing vessel, adopt argon bottom-blowing, nitrogen, top blast oxygen is smelted and be it is characterized by:
(1) in converter, carry out the dephosphorization of molten iron pre-treatment after, carry out single slag or two slag melting after the deslagging;
(2) adopt slag former mainly to be made up of A, B, the main moiety mass percent of A is CaO:70%～90%, SiO 2+ CaF 2+ MgO≤30%: slag system B mainly forms mass percent FeO+Fe 2O 3: 65～75%, SiO 2≤ 1, CaO:0-5%, MgO:0-2%, Al 2O 3: 0-1%, P :≤0.02%, TMn:0-1%, TiO 2: 0-1%, C:0-1%, S :≤0.01%, moisture content: 1-8%:
(3) dephosphorization of molten iron pre-treatment end temp is at 1300 ℃～1400 ℃; The converter terminal temperature is at 1650 ℃～1720 ℃;
(4) dephosphorization pre-treatment period top blast oxygen supply gas intensity 1.2～1.5Nm 3/ min.t, blowing top blast oxygen supply gas intensity 3.0-3.5Nm after the dephosphorization pre-treatment 3/ min.t;
(5) bottom gas-feeding: to top blast oxygen supply mass percent 70%, bottom blowing is for nitrogen intensity 0.03～0.3Nm 3/ min.t; Back top blast oxygen supply mass percent 30%, bottom blowing is for argon intensity 0.03～0.3Nm 3/ min.t, during top blast oxygen supply mass percent 30%～60% in, adopt low air supply intensity, other times adopt high air supply intensity;
(6) require converter molten iron [Si] content mass percent below 0.50%;
(7) dephosphorization pre-treatment period ore add-on is more than 2kg/t, and the scrap ratio mass percent is at 5%-10%;
(8) dephosphorization phase end carbonaceous amount percentage composition is controlled at about 2.5%～3.5%;
(9) two slag melting heads are criticized slag lime add-on between 20kg/t-40kg/t, and the fluorite add-on is proposed the rifle deslagging during two slag melting behind the slag that spumes between 5kg/t-10kg/t, and the deslagging amount is in total quantity of slag more than 1/4:
(10) before two slag meltings, add ferrosilicon 0～3kg/t in the stove, make pre-treatment after the molten iron silicon content mass percent reach between 0～0.20%.
Adopt A to mix use with B during the dephosphorization pre-treatment, blending ratio is according to mass ratio 1: 1～2: 1, mixing naturally in converter.
Finishing blowing is if adopt single slag process to smelt, and the lime add-on is at 10kg/t steel-50kg/t steel, and the top blast air supply intensity is at 3.0-3.5Nm 3/ min.t.
Adopt the advantage of this technology as follows:
1, the molten iron phosphorus content is low after the dephosphorization pre-treatment
Compare with the heat that does not carry out hot metal pretreatment, the molten iron phosphorus content is low, can reach about 0.010%;
2, the converter terminal phosphorus content is low
The converter tapping phosphorus content can be lower than 25ppm;
3, can produce extremely low phosphoretic steel
Manufacture a finished product phosphorus content at the extremely low phosphoretic steel of 20ppm-50ppm, as high tensile steels such as 9Ni steel.
Embodiment:
Two slag meltings after the pre-treatment of test employing molten iron converter dephosphorization.The dephosphorization pre-treatment adopts low rifle position, 4 holes to blow, and carries out the dephosphorization pre-treatment in converter, and target takes off phosphorus content to below 0.015%, and carbon content is controlled at about 3.0%; Adopt double slag process to smelt to the molten iron behind the dephosphorization.Change 4 hole dephosphorization rifles before the test prerequisite, the top blast oxygen flow blows preceding 0.5 minute flow 10000Nm according to opening 3/ h, process 9000Nm 3/ h～10000Nm 3/ h control; Duration of blast was promptly pressed oxygen-supplying amount 1500m by about 9～11 minutes 3Control, oxygen-supplying amount is as the blow off sign; Aim carbon content about 3.0%; Open blowing rifle position by 0.80 meter control, propose rifle to 1.00 meter blowing to 3 minute, flow 9000Nm after the 0.5th minute 3/ h reduces rifle position to 0.9 meter blowing to 5 minute, flow 9500Nm in the time of 3 minutes 3/ h reduces rifle position to 0.8 meter to finishing blowing, flow 10000Nm after 5 minutes 3/ h; The dephosphorization phase, basicity of slag was about 2.5; Adjust 3.5～5.5 tons of lime add-ons according to molten iron silicon content, 2.5～3.0 tons in ore, fluorite are more than 500 kilograms, and lime adds in batches, open to blow to add first, add second batch 3 minutes the time; Ore divides many batches of addings, 1～2 ton of first add-on, and the back adds for 1～2 ton several times, and the target end temperature is by 1350 ℃ of controls after the dephosphorization pre-treatment; The dephosphorization pre-treatment finishes the deslagging amount more than 2/3, continues blowing behind the replacing ordinary oxygen rifle.
The dephosphorization pre-treatment finishes the back and adopts normal discharge 22000m 3Two slag meltings behind the/h oxygen rifle; About 2 tons of head batch slag lime add-ons do not add light-burned; Add ore, fluorite 500kg～1000kgization slag, pour out the quantity of slag during deslagging more than 1/3, two batches of slags add 3～4 tons of limes, have changed slag in the converting process.Terminal point hangs down temperature control, 1650 ℃ of target catch carbon temperature.
Embodiment: test molten iron Intake Quantity is at 100 tons, and the edges of boards add-on is respectively 8,9 tons; The molten iron situation is as shown in table 1 below, and slag charge A, B add-on are as shown in table 2 below.
Table 1 hot metal composition: quality percentage composition %
Case Heat (batch) number Steel grade C? Si? Mn? P? S? Molten iron temperature ℃
1? 0Q03469? Q345ZNb? 4.67? 0.66? 0.15? 0.080? 0.005? 1299?
2? 0Q03470? Q345R-Z25? 4.56? 0.46? 0.14? 0.084? 0.045? 1302?
Table 2 dephosphorization phase auxiliary material add-on
Figure BSA00000370536800041
Test was adopted duration of blast 9～10 minutes, and oxygen-supplying amount is about 1.30～1.42, and following table is result after the dephosphorization pre-treatment.
Table 3 dephosphorization finishes the back hot metal composition: quality percentage composition %
Case Steel grade C? P? S? Temperature
1? Q345ZNb? 3.25? 0.015? 0.017? 1378?
2? Q345R-Z25? 2.96? 0.009? 0.015? 1350?
Hot metal composition and temperature after the pre-treatment of table 4 dephosphorization
Figure BSA00000370536800042
The pre-treatment of table 5 dephosphorization of molten iron finishes the back slag composition: the quality percentage composition
Case TFe(％)? ?FeO(％)? ?Fe 2O 3(％)? SiO 2(％)? CaO(％)? MgO(％)? P 2O 5(％)? R?
1? 19.4? ?18.82? ?6.83? 17.93? 35.5? 11.41? 1.96? 1.98?
2? 8.93? ?8.73? ?3.07? 18.63? 47.95? 8.46? 1.88? 2.57?
Table 6 pair slag melting finishes the back slag composition: the quality percentage composition
Case CaO(％)? SiO 2(％)? MgO(％)? ?FeO+Fe 2O 3(％)? ?MnO(％)? P 2O 5(％)? S(％)? R?
1? 44.9? 11.7? 13.3? ?28.0? ?3.5? 1.5? 0.05? 5.0?
2? 45.0? 9.9? 12.5? ?27.3? ?3.0? 0.8? 0.06? 5.5?
Carbon period adopts flow 22000Nm 3/ min.t, the converter terminal phosphorus content is 0.002%～0.003%.
Table 7 experimental converter end phosphorus content
Case Steel grade Phosphorus content
1? Q345ZNb? 0.0031％?
2? Q345R-Z25? 0.0022％?

Claims (3)

1. the smelting process of an extremely low phosphoretic steel, converter terminal phosphorus content mass percent is lower than 0.0030%, is processing vessel with the converter with top and bottom complex blowing function, adopts argon bottom-blowing, nitrogen, and top blast oxygen is smelted and be it is characterized by:
(1) in converter, carry out the dephosphorization of molten iron pre-treatment after, carry out single slag or two slag melting after the deslagging;
(2) adopt slag former mainly to be made up of A, B, the main moiety mass percent of A is CaO:70%～90%, SiO 2+ CaF 2+ MgO≤30%: slag system B mainly forms mass percent FeO+Fe 2O 3: 65～75%, SiO 2≤ 1, CaO:0-5%, MgO:0-2%, Al 2O 3: 0-1%, P :≤0.02%, TMn:0-1%, TiO 2: 0-1%, C:0-1%, S :≤0.01%, moisture content: 1-8%:
(3) dephosphorization of molten iron pre-treatment end temp is at 1300 ℃～1400 ℃; The converter terminal temperature is at 1650 ℃～1720 ℃;
(4) dephosphorization pre-treatment period top blast oxygen supply gas intensity 1.2～1.5Nm 3/ min.t, blowing top blast oxygen supply gas intensity 3.0-3.5Nm after the dephosphorization pre-treatment 3/ min.t;
(5) bottom gas-feeding: to top blast oxygen supply 70%, bottom blowing is for nitrogen intensity 0.03～0.3Nm 3/ min.t; Back top blast oxygen supply mass percent 30%, bottom blowing is for argon intensity 0.03～0.3Nm 3/ min.t, during top blast oxygen supply mass percent 30%～60% in, adopt low air supply intensity, other times adopt high air supply intensity;
(6) require converter molten iron [Si] content mass percent below 0.50%;
(7) dephosphorization pre-treatment period ore add-on is more than 2kg/t, and waste steel quality per-cent is at 5%-10%;
(8) dephosphorization phase end carbonaceous amount percentage composition is controlled at about 2.5%～3.5%;
(9) two slag melting heads are criticized slag lime add-on between 20kg/t-40kg/t, and the fluorite add-on is proposed the rifle deslagging during two slag melting behind the slag that spumes between 5kg/t-10kg/t, and the deslagging amount is in total quantity of slag more than 1/4.
(10) before two slag meltings, add ferrosilicon 0～3kg/t in the stove, make pre-treatment after the molten iron silicon content mass percent reach between 0～0.20%.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt A to mix use with B during the dephosphorization pre-treatment, blending ratio is according to mass ratio 1: 1～2: 1, mixing naturally in converter.
3. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that finishing blowing if adopt single slag process to smelt, the lime add-on is at 10kg/t steel-50kg/t steel, and the top blast air supply intensity is at 3.0-3.5Nm 3/ min.t.
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN102559985A (en) * 2012-03-01 2012-07-11 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 Method of smelting low-phosphorus steel through converter
CN102839251A (en) * 2012-09-13 2012-12-26 首钢总公司 Smelting method of low-phosphorous steel
CN102899443A (en) * 2012-10-23 2013-01-30 秦皇岛首秦金属材料有限公司 Process for smelting low-phosphorous molten iron
CN103540707A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-01-29 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 Converter smelting method through full-return-slag-single-slag process
CN104263875A (en) * 2014-09-15 2015-01-07 首钢总公司 Dephosphorizing method for producing alloy weld line steel from high-phosphorus molten iron by top-blown converter
CN104480246A (en) * 2014-12-02 2015-04-01 天津钢铁集团有限公司 Slag control method of dephosphorization foaming slag in converter double-slag-process steel making
CN105648149A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-06-08 铜陵安东铸钢有限责任公司 Molten steel refining slag forming agent and manufacturing process thereof
CN105861775A (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-08-17 鞍钢股份有限公司 Smelting process for ultra-low phosphorus steel with high nickel content
CN107557534A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-01-09 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The production method of extremely low phosphoretic steel
CN107699660A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-16 徐州市博威机械制造有限公司 A kind of iron and steel smelting process for reducing phosphorus content
CN107723415A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-23 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The production method of the ultralow phosphorus ultra-low-carbon steel of super-low sulfur
CN107746907A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-02 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The production method of clean steel
CN108251592A (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-07-06 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 A kind of converter smelting method of extremely low phosphoretic steel
CN109715833A (en) * 2017-01-06 2019-05-03 新日铁住金株式会社 Dephosphorization treatment device and used the dephosphorization treatment device iron liquid dephosphorization method
CN110273043A (en) * 2019-06-17 2019-09-24 首钢集团有限公司 A kind of converter molten steel dephosphorization technology
CN112695147A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-23 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 Low-oxygen steel tapping production method for bearing steel converter
CN115044741A (en) * 2022-06-16 2022-09-13 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 Method for removing phosphorus from low-phosphorus steel double-slag in smelting of low-silicon high-phosphorus molten iron

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CN102559985B (en) * 2012-03-01 2013-07-31 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 Method of smelting low-phosphorus steel through converter
CN102559985A (en) * 2012-03-01 2012-07-11 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 Method of smelting low-phosphorus steel through converter
CN102839251B (en) * 2012-09-13 2015-01-21 首钢总公司 Smelting method of low-phosphorous steel
CN102839251A (en) * 2012-09-13 2012-12-26 首钢总公司 Smelting method of low-phosphorous steel
CN102899443A (en) * 2012-10-23 2013-01-30 秦皇岛首秦金属材料有限公司 Process for smelting low-phosphorous molten iron
CN102899443B (en) * 2012-10-23 2014-06-18 秦皇岛首秦金属材料有限公司 Process for smelting low-phosphorous molten iron
CN103540707B (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-11-11 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 Entirely stay slag-single slag process converter smelting method
CN103540707A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-01-29 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 Converter smelting method through full-return-slag-single-slag process
CN104263875A (en) * 2014-09-15 2015-01-07 首钢总公司 Dephosphorizing method for producing alloy weld line steel from high-phosphorus molten iron by top-blown converter
CN104480246A (en) * 2014-12-02 2015-04-01 天津钢铁集团有限公司 Slag control method of dephosphorization foaming slag in converter double-slag-process steel making
CN104480246B (en) * 2014-12-02 2016-05-25 天津钢铁集团有限公司 A kind of control slag method of dephosphorization foamed slag in converter double slag process steel-making
CN105861775B (en) * 2015-01-23 2018-04-03 鞍钢股份有限公司 A kind of high nickel content ultra-low phosphoretic steel smelting process method
CN105861775A (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-08-17 鞍钢股份有限公司 Smelting process for ultra-low phosphorus steel with high nickel content
CN105648149A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-06-08 铜陵安东铸钢有限责任公司 Molten steel refining slag forming agent and manufacturing process thereof
CN109715833A (en) * 2017-01-06 2019-05-03 新日铁住金株式会社 Dephosphorization treatment device and used the dephosphorization treatment device iron liquid dephosphorization method
CN107699660A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-16 徐州市博威机械制造有限公司 A kind of iron and steel smelting process for reducing phosphorus content
CN107746907A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-02 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The production method of clean steel
CN107723415A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-23 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The production method of the ultralow phosphorus ultra-low-carbon steel of super-low sulfur
CN107557534A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-01-09 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The production method of extremely low phosphoretic steel
CN107746907B (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-11-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The production method of clean steel
CN108251592A (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-07-06 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 A kind of converter smelting method of extremely low phosphoretic steel
CN108251592B (en) * 2018-01-19 2019-10-18 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 A kind of converter smelting method of extremely low phosphoretic steel
CN110273043A (en) * 2019-06-17 2019-09-24 首钢集团有限公司 A kind of converter molten steel dephosphorization technology
CN110273043B (en) * 2019-06-17 2021-05-25 首钢集团有限公司 Dephosphorization process for molten steel of converter
CN112695147A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-23 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 Low-oxygen steel tapping production method for bearing steel converter
CN112695147B (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-03-01 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 Low-oxygen steel tapping production method for bearing steel converter
CN115044741A (en) * 2022-06-16 2022-09-13 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 Method for removing phosphorus from low-phosphorus steel double-slag in smelting of low-silicon high-phosphorus molten iron
CN115044741B (en) * 2022-06-16 2023-11-17 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 Dephosphorization method for low-phosphorus steel double slag in low-silicon high-phosphorus molten iron smelting

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