CN103146981B - Method for smelting ferritic stainless steel by dephosphorized molten iron - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for smelting ferritic stainless steel by dephosphorized molten iron. The method sequentially comprises the following steps: I, molten iron slagging-off: blending the blast furnace molten iron in a molten iron tank and slagging off; II, KR dephosphorizing treatment: inserting a stirring heat in the molten iron to stir, adding a dephosphorizing agent, and adding sintered ore powder, iron oxide, steelmaking lime powder and fluorite grains in three or four batches; III, dephosphorizing slag slagging-off after slagging-off and dephosphorizing; and IV, AOD (argon oxygen decarburization) smelting: blending the dephosphorized molten iron in AOD, blowing oxygen to decarburize, heating, adding high carbon ferro-chrome, steelmaking lime and lightly calcined dolomite, then finishing decarburizing, heating and alloying, reducing for 8-9 minutes, then sampling and analysing, and tapping until the percents by mass of the ingredients of the molten iron are confirmed to meet the following requirements by mass percent: 0.03-0.10% of C, 0.30-0.75% of Si, 0.30-1.00% of Mn, not greater than 0.035% of P, not greater than 0.030% of S, 16.00-18.00% of Cr, 0.03-0.10% of N, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The method for smelting ferritic stainless steel by the dephosphorized molten iron is low in production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel, is specifically a kind of method that dephosphorization molten iron directly converts that AOD smelting 400 is ferritic stainless steel.
Background technology
KR is a kind of Japanese invention desulfurization technology, and its principle is added in iron ladle by the sweetening agents such as lime to apply the technology that mechanical stirring carries out desulfurizing iron, has powerful sweetening power, can by desulfurizing iron to below 5ppm.Use KR device to be used for dephosphorization of molten iron and have no report.
AOD is the abbreviation of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, general and electric furnace coupling, and EAF+AOD technique is the stainless steel-making process of current main flow, and the current stainless steel quantity of EAF+AOD explained hereafter that adopts accounts for more than 70% of stainless steel ultimate production.
400 is ferritic stainless steel is the stainless steel of a kind of using state based on ferrite, possesses good resistance to pitting attack, the ability of slit and corrosion resistant, simultaneously because it is not nickeliferous or low nickel content is again a kind of low cost, saving type stainless steel.Along with the progress of process for making since 20 century 70s, its turnout progressively increases, and obtains applying more and more widely in industries such as civilian goods, decorations.
The characteristic (having the reduction period of a chromium) that stainless steel-making process itself has, makes it not possess dephosphorization condition, must use low-phosphorous raw material (general stainless steel all requires [P]≤0.040%).Thus to use the blast-melted as stainless steel raw materials for production of phosphorus content higher (general [P] >=0.080%), blast-meltedly have to pass through dephosphorization treatment.Traditional EAF+AOD technique, general use stainless steel steel scrap, carbon steel scrap, high-carbon chrome alloy are raw material smelting stainless steel mother liquor in EAF, its shortcoming is that (1) not nickeliferous Chromium Stainless Steel scrap resources is limited, (2) carbon steel scrap quality uneven (some phosphorus content is higher), (3) electrosmelting be costly, and ferritic stainless steel is lower relative to price, the ferritic stainless steel price adopting eaf process to produce is lacked competitiveness.Therefore EAF+AOD technique is used for smelting 300 is chromium nickel stainless steel.
DEP+ converter+VOD technique is the smelting 400 of progressively rising after the eighties in 20th century is stainless prevailing technology, usual employing is blast-melted through dephosphorizing pretreatment, then just refined chromium alloying at combined blown converter (KOBM or MRP), then be finished product through VOD refining.Shortcoming needs " dephosphorizing pretreatment, converter slightly refine, VOD refining " three steps from blast-melted to stainless steel finished product, and relative cost is higher, organization of production is complicated.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of the method for existing dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel, the invention provides a kind of method of lower-cost dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel.
The present invention utilizes applicant existing KR device to carry out dephosphorization treatment to blast-melted, it is the main raw material of ferritic stainless steel that dephosphorization molten iron smelts 400 as AOD, develops that a kind of to use blast-melted be ferritic stainless steel smelting process as 400 of stainless steel raw materials for production.
Compare stainless steel steel scrap, blast-melted substantially not containing the harmful element such as Cu, Pb, As, more clean, not nickeliferous after dephosphorization treatment, smelt not nickeliferous or low nickel 400 is ferritic stainless steel, and can not cause the waste of nickel resources, product purity is higher.400 is that ferritic stainless steel is lower than austenitic stainless steel alloy content simultaneously, AOD smelting 400 directly converted by dephosphorization molten iron is stainless steel, in AOD furnace, heat is in a basic balance, thus adopting dephosphorization molten iron directly to convert AOD technique smelting 400 is stainless steel, comparing traditional EAF+AOD method, is a kind of preferred method of more efficient, low cost.
KR device possesses powerful stirring capacity, and dephosphorizing agent to add after molten iron by strong stirring, can provide good reaction conditions, have stronger desulfurization, dephosphorizing capacity for molten iron and dephosphorizing agent.The present invention take open-top ladle as reaction vessel, and in blast-melted, add sintering breeze, brown iron oxide, lime powder, the stirring capacity utilizing KR device powerful carries out stirring dephosphorization.Being blended into AOD smelting 400 as main raw material after dephosphorization molten iron removes dephosphorized slag is stainless steel.
Technical scheme of the present invention is blast-melted------KR pretreatment dephosphorizing------AOD smelting---sheet billet continuous casting of skimming of skimming.
The method of this use dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel comprises following step successively:
imolten iron drossing
Be blended into iron ladle by blast-melted, then scratch clean blast furnace slag, require that the band quantity of slag is less than 0.50 ton; The mass percent of blast-melted chemical composition is:
C 3.0～4.0； P 0.080～0.150； Si 0.20～0.60； S ≤0.10；
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Molten iron temperature 1330 ~ 1370 DEG C;
iIkR dephosphorization treatment
After being blended into iron ladle in half a minute, stirring-head inserts molten iron to start to stir, until dephosphorization terminates, head to be mixed starts to add dephosphorizing agent after starting stirring again, half a minute after being blended into iron ladle, add first sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.4 ~ 1.6kg; Ferric oxide 2.8 ~ 3.2 kg;
Steel-making lime powder 3.7 ~ 4.3kg; Fluorite particle 0.15 ~ 0.25kg;
After being blended into iron ladle 19.5 ~ 20.5 minutes, add second batch sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton was respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.4 ~ 1.6 kg; Ferric oxide 2.8 ~ 3.2 kg;
Steel-making lime powder 5.7 ~ 6.3kg; Fluorite particle 0.55 ~ 0.65kg;
After being blended into iron ladle 39.5 ~ 40.5 minutes, add the 3rd batch of sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton was respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.4 ~ 1.6kg; Ferric oxide 2.8 ~ 3.2kg;
Steel-making lime powder 7.7 ~ 8.3kg; Fluorite particle 0.55 ~ 0.65kg;
Sampling analysis molten iron;
iIIskim
After dephosphorization terminates, remove whole dephosphorized slag, molten iron temperature 1250 ~ 1270 DEG C, the band quantity of slag is less than 0.50 ton;
iVaOD smelts
Dephosphorization molten iron is blended into AOD, and oxygen decarburization heats up, iron oxygen-supplying amount per ton 38 ~ 42Nm
3, converting process adds high carbon ferro-chrome (high carbon ferro-chrome is Cr63.5 ~ 64.5% containing chromium), steel-making lime and light dolomite, completes decarburization, intensification and alloying; The add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
High carbon ferro-chrome 26.0 ~ 27.0 kg; Steel-making lime 84.5 ~ 85.5kg;
Light dolomite 11.5 ~ 12.5kg;
Sampling analysis, confirm that C is not more than 0.08%, then in molten steel, add ferrosilicon and fluorite reduces, the add-on of molten steel per ton is:
Ferrosilicon 14 ~ 16kg; Fluorite 7.5 ~ 8.5kg;
Reduce sampling analysis after 8-9 minutes, confirm that the mass percent of molten steel composition meets following requirement and namely taps:
C 0.03—0.10； Si 0.30—0.75； Mn 0.30—1.00；
P ≤0.035； S ≤0.030； Cr 16.00～18.00；
N 0.03-0.10; All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The above-mentioned method with dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel, in step
iIsampling analysis molten iron after KR dephosphorization treatment, occurs that P is not more than 0.025% and is greater than 0.025% two kind of situation with P, processes respectively for two kinds of situations.
The above-mentioned method with dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel, is characterized in that: step
iIafter KR dephosphorization treatment, sampling analysis molten iron, P is not more than 0.025%, carries out step successively
iIIskim and step
iVaOD smelts.
The above-mentioned method with dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel, is characterized in that: step
iIafter KR dephosphorization treatment, sampling analysis molten iron, P is greater than 0.025%, continues to add dephosphorizing agent stir process 9 ~ 11 minutes, and add sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
Sintering breeze 0.45 ~ 0.55kg; Ferric oxide 0.9 ~ 1.1kg;
Steel-making lime powder 1.9 ~ 2.1kg; Fluorite particle 0.55 ~ 0.65kg.
This invention exploits a kind of application blast-melted through KR device dephosphorization, to smelt 400 through AOD be again stainless novel technique, is applicable to have blast-melted, KR device, AOD smelting furnace stainless steel factory.Blast-melted be converted into cheap, qualified stainless steel raw materials for production through KR stir process by higher for phosphorus content, it is ferritic stainless steel that dephosphorization molten iron smelts into 400 through AOD decarburization, alloying.
The present invention utilizes open-top ladle to make reaction vessel, dephosphorization treatment is carried out to blast-melted by KR device, it is ferritic stainless steel that dephosphorization molten iron smelts into 400 through AOD, be different from traditional EAF+AOD technique, DEP+ converter+VOD technique, start a kind ofly using that dephosphorization is blast-melted smelts as main raw material the method that 400 are ferritic stainless steel.With through dephosphorization treatment blast-melted for raw material production 400 be ferritic stainless steel, not by the restriction of stainless scrap resources, the harmful element such as product P, Cu, Pb, As is lower, and production cost is lower.
Embodiment
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
embodiment one
What the present embodiment was smelted is 430 stainless steels.
The present embodiment comprises following step successively:
imolten iron drossing
Be blended into iron ladle by blast-melted 130 tons, then scratch clean blast furnace slag, require that the band quantity of slag is 0.48 ton;
The mass percent of blast-melted chemical composition is:
C 3.5； P 0.086； Si 0.35； S 0.08；
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.Molten iron temperature 1350 DEG C.
iIkR dephosphorization treatment
After being blended into iron ladle in half a minute, stirring-head inserts molten iron to start to stir, and head to be mixed starts to add dephosphorizing agent after starting stirring again, and add first sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.5kg ferric oxide 3kg
Steel-making lime powder 4kg fluorite particle 0.2kg;
After being blended into iron ladle 20 minutes, add second batch sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton was respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.5kg ferric oxide 3kg
Steel-making lime powder 6kg fluorite particle 0.6kg;
After being blended into iron ladle 40 minutes, add the 3rd batch of sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton was respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.5kg ferric oxide 3kg
Steel-making lime powder 8kg fluorite particle 0.6kg;
Dephosphorization treatment to 40 point sampling, P is not more than 0.025%, confirms that composition meets the demands, gets final product end treatment.
iIIskim
After dephosphorization terminates, remove whole dephosphorized slag, molten iron temperature 1260 DEG C, the band quantity of slag 0.48 ton.
iVaOD smelts
130 tons of dephosphorization molten iron are blended into AOD, and oxygen decarburization heats up, iron oxygen-supplying amount 40Nm per ton
3.Converting process adds high carbon ferro-chrome (high carbon ferro-chrome is containing Cr64%), steel-making lime and light dolomite, completes decarburization, intensification, alloying.The add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
High carbon ferro-chrome 26.5kg; Steel-making lime 85kg; Light dolomite 12kg;
Sampling analysis, confirm that C is 0.07%, then in molten steel, add ferrosilicon and fluorite reduces, the add-on of molten steel per ton is:
Ferrosilicon 15 kg; Fluorite 8kg;
Reduce after 8 minutes and sample, confirm that the mass percent of molten steel composition meets following requirement and can terminate to smelt, tapping:
C 0.08； Si 0.72； Mn 0.62； P 0.032；
S 0.028； Cr 17.00； N 0.08；
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
embodiment two
Due to the fluctuation of actual smelting process, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is step
iIduring KR dephosphorization treatment, be blended into iron ladle process after 40 minutes, sampling P is divided to be greater than 0.025%, continue to add dephosphorizing agent stir process 10 minutes, namely after being blended into iron ladle 50 minutes, add the 4th batch of sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
Sintering breeze 0.5kg ferric oxide 1kg
Steel-making lime powder 2kg fluorite particle 0.6kg;
The operation of other each step, identical with embodiment one.
Step
iVafter AOD smelts, the mass percent of molten steel composition is:
C 0.06； Si 0.55； Mn 0.53； P 0.027；
S 0.026； Cr 17.16； N 0.05；
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Claims (3)
1., by a method for dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel, it comprises following step successively:
imolten iron drossing
Be blended into iron ladle by blast-melted, then scratch clean blast furnace slag, require that the band quantity of slag is less than 0.50 ton; The mass percent of blast-melted chemical composition is:
C 3.0～4.0； P 0.080～0.150； Si 0.20～0.60； S ≤0.10；
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Molten iron temperature 1330 ~ 1370 DEG C;
iIkR dephosphorization treatment
After being blended into iron ladle in half a minute, stirring-head inserts molten iron to start to stir, until dephosphorization terminates, head to be mixed starts to add dephosphorizing agent after starting stirring again, half a minute after being blended into iron ladle, add first sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.4 ~ 1.6kg; Ferric oxide 2.8 ~ 3.2 kg;
Steel-making lime powder 3.7 ~ 4.3kg; Fluorite particle 0.15 ~ 0.25kg;
After being blended into iron ladle 19.5 ~ 20.5 minutes, add second batch sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton was respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.4 ~ 1.6 kg; Ferric oxide 2.8 ~ 3.2 kg;
Steel-making lime powder 5.7 ~ 6.3kg; Fluorite particle 0.55 ~ 0.65kg;
After being blended into iron ladle 39.5 ~ 40.5 minutes, add the 3rd batch of sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton was respectively:
Sintering breeze 1.4 ~ 1.6kg; Ferric oxide 2.8 ~ 3.2kg;
Steel-making lime powder 7.7 ~ 8.3kg; Fluorite particle 0.55 ~ 0.65kg;
Sampling analysis molten iron;
iIIskim
After dephosphorization terminates, remove whole dephosphorized slag, molten iron temperature 1250 ~ 1270 DEG C, the band quantity of slag is less than 0.50 ton;
iVaOD smelts
Dephosphorization molten iron is blended into AOD, and oxygen decarburization heats up, iron oxygen-supplying amount per ton 38 ~ 42Nm
3, converting process adds high carbon ferro-chrome, steel-making lime and light dolomite, completes decarburization, intensification, alloying, and high carbon ferro-chrome is Cr63.5 ~ 64.5% containing chromium; The add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
High carbon ferro-chrome 26.0 ~ 27.0 kg; Steel-making lime 84.5 ~ 85.5kg;
Light dolomite 11.5 ~ 12.5kg;
Sampling analysis, confirm that C is not more than 0.08%, then in molten steel, add ferrosilicon and fluorite reduces, the add-on of molten steel per ton is:
Ferrosilicon 14 ~ 16kg; Fluorite 7.5 ~ 8.5kg;
Reduce sampling analysis after 8-9 minutes, confirm that the mass percent of molten steel composition meets following requirement and namely taps:
C 0.03—0.10； Si 0.30—0.75； Mn 0.30—1.00；
P ≤0.035； S ≤0.030； Cr 16.00～18.00；
N 0.03-0.10; All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. the method for dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step
iIafter KR dephosphorization treatment, sampling analysis molten iron, P is not more than 0.025%, carries out step successively
iIIskim and step
iVaOD smelts.
3. the method for dephosphorization molten iron smelting ferritic stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step
iIafter KR dephosphorization treatment, sampling analysis molten iron, P is greater than 0.025%, continues to add dephosphorizing agent stir process 9 ~ 11 minutes, and add sintering breeze, ferric oxide, steel-making lime powder and fluorite particle, the add-on of molten iron per ton is respectively:
Sintering breeze 0.45 ~ 0.55kg; Ferric oxide 0.9 ~ 1.1kg;
Steel-making lime powder 1.9 ~ 2.1kg; Fluorite particle 0.55 ~ 0.65kg.
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| CN107164683B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2018-12-28 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel smelting method |
| CN109055661A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-21 | 中航上大高温合金材料有限公司 | A kind of production technology of low-phosphorous stainless steel |
| CN115323112B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-01-30 | 日照钢铁控股集团有限公司 | Process for pretreating molten iron by feeding KR into sintered return ores |
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| JP2802799B2 (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1998-09-24 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | Dephosphorization and desulfurization method for crude molten stainless steel and flux used for it |
| CN1796585A (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-07-05 | 宝钢集团上海第一钢铁有限公司 | Method for smelting ferritic stainless steel from total molten iron |
| CN101148734A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-26 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Smelting method for ferrite stainless steel mother liquid |
| CN102443675A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-05-09 | 首钢总公司 | Production method of low-sulfur steel |
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| JPS58100608A (en) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-06-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Dephosphorizing and desulfurizing method for molten high alloy |
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| JP2802799B2 (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1998-09-24 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | Dephosphorization and desulfurization method for crude molten stainless steel and flux used for it |
| CN1796585A (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-07-05 | 宝钢集团上海第一钢铁有限公司 | Method for smelting ferritic stainless steel from total molten iron |
| CN101148734A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-26 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Smelting method for ferrite stainless steel mother liquid |
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