CN105671248A - Smelting method of converter efficient dephosphorization - Google Patents
Smelting method of converter efficient dephosphorization Download PDFInfo
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- CN105671248A CN105671248A CN201610166145.8A CN201610166145A CN105671248A CN 105671248 A CN105671248 A CN 105671248A CN 201610166145 A CN201610166145 A CN 201610166145A CN 105671248 A CN105671248 A CN 105671248A
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- slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting method of converter efficient dephosphorization and belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy. The smelting method of converter efficient dephosphorization comprises the following steps that after the last time of converter steel tapping, slag splashing furnace protection is conducted, and residual slag is poured out; before converter blowing is started, pre-melted slag is added into a converter; converter blowing is conducted for 4-5 minutes, the oxygen lance position and the oxygen supply intensity are adjusted dynamically according to blowing time; slag pouring operation is conducted; and slag-forming blowing is conducted, at the converter endpoint, the slag basicity R, the mass fraction of magnesium oxide and the mass fraction of ferrous oxide are controlled, and finished steel of which the phosphorus mass fraction is required to be 0.010% or below is obtained. Through the smelting method of converter efficient dephosphorization, the converter dephosphorization efficiency can be effectively improved, the phosphorus content at the converter endpoint is lowered, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the smelting process of a kind of converter high efficiency dephosphorating.
Background technology
Along with ore quality declines gradually, in molten iron, phosphorus content is more and more higher. And meanwhile, the requirement of quality product is also progressively being improved by user, in Finished Steel, the restriction of P is more and more stricter, as common iron to the requirement of P all below 0.015%, auto sheet, pipe line steel etc. require P≤0.01%, steel plate under special corrosion-resistant condition even requires P≤0.005%, and this just brings very big challenge to converter dephosphorization. In order to produce low phosphoretic steel, for the common converter process Production Flow Chart of employing, the main technique adopted at present comprises: (1) tradition double slag process, namely before bessemerizing beginning, add first batch of slag material carry out slag making, deslagging after blowing for some time, then carries out second time slag making, and its Converter production period is longer, finishing slag basicity is higher, and lime consumption is bigger. (2) technique that converter dephosphorization combines is adopted with external refining dephosphorization, low temperature tapping after converter smelting, tapping process does not carry out deoxidation, ladle utilize high basicity, hyperoxia voltinism slag stir dephosphorization, then changing bag, then carry out LF heating, this technique is suitable for the production of extremely low phosphoretic steel, but the cooling wrapped cause owing to changing, cost is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the smelting process of a kind of converter high efficiency dephosphorating, solves or part solves and can not effectively improve converter dephosphorization efficiency in prior art, can not reduce converter terminal phosphorus content and the high technical problem of cost.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the smelting process that the present invention provides a kind of converter high efficiency dephosphorating comprises the following steps: a upper stove converter tapping carries out slag splashing after terminating, and pours out remaining slag; Before bessemerizing beginning, in stove, add pre-melted slag; Carrying out bessemerizing 4-5 minute, oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast; Carry out deslagging operation; Carrying out blowing slag-making, the massfraction of the massfraction of basicity of slag R, magnesium oxide and iron protoxide is controlled by converter terminal, and the massfraction obtaining the phosphorus of finished product requires the steel grade below 0.010%.
Further, described in stove, add pre-melted slag comprise: it is 70-85% that the chemical group of described pre-melted slag becomes calcium oxide massfraction, and the massfraction of silicon-dioxide is 15-30%.
Further, the add-on of described pre-melted slag is according to following formulae discovery (unit: kg/ ton steel) W=20 [%Si]+37.5 [%P]+0.04 (T-1350), T is molten iron temperature, DEG C, [%Si] is molten iron silicon content, and [%P] is molten iron phosphorus content.
Further, described oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast and comprise: when duration of blast is 0-2min, and control of lance position is 1.5-1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 2-4min, control of lance position is 2.2-2.6m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 4-5min, control of lance position is 1.5-1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.3m3/(min·t)。
Further, carry out deslagging operation described in comprise: described in carry out deslagging operation the deslagging amount 50%-70% that is controlled in stove the quantity of slag.
Further, the massfraction of the massfraction of basicity of slag R, magnesium oxide and iron protoxide is carried out control and comprises by described converter terminal: basicity of slag R is controlled to 3.5-4.0 by converter terminal, the massfraction of magnesium oxide is controlled to 8-10%, and the massfraction of iron protoxide is controlled to 15-20%.
The smelting process of converter high efficiency dephosphorating provided by the invention carries out slag splashing after being terminated by a upper stove converter tapping, and pour out remaining slag, before bessemerizing beginning, pre-melted slag is added in stove, dephosphorization product in absorption slag, carry out bessemerizing 4-5min, oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast, control the ferrous oxide content in slag and strengthen the stability of two-phase slag, when blowing 5min, carry out deslagging operation, deslagging proceeds blowing slag-making after terminating, converter terminal is to basicity of slag R, the massfraction of magnesium oxide and the massfraction of iron protoxide control, can effectively improve converter dephosphorization efficiency, reduction converter terminal phosphorus content and cost are low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic flow sheet of the smelting process of the converter high efficiency dephosphorating that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1, the smelting process of a kind of converter high efficiency dephosphorating that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the massfraction being mainly used in smelting phosphorus is the molten iron of 0.080-0.200%, the massfraction finally reaching the phosphorus of finished product requires the steel grade below 0.010%, being applicable to 180-250 ton converter, described smelting process comprises the following steps:
Step 1, carries out slag splashing, and pours out remaining slag.
Step 2, adds pre-melted slag in stove.
Step 3, carries out bessemerizing 4-5min, and oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast.
Step 4, carries out deslagging operation.
Step 5, carries out blowing slag-making, and the massfraction of the massfraction of basicity of slag R, magnesium oxide and iron protoxide is controlled by converter terminal, and the massfraction obtaining the phosphorus of finished product requires the steel grade below 0.010%.
Detail step 2.
It is 70-85% that the chemical group of described pre-melted slag becomes calcium oxide massfraction, and the massfraction of silicon-dioxide is 15-30%. Pre-melted slag used is CaO-SiO2System, ensures to form a large amount of 2CaO SiO in slag2Phase, the dephosphorization product P in absorption slag2O5, finally it is fixed as 2CaO SiO2-3CaO·P2O5Phase, by adopting CaO-SiO2It is that phosphorus is fixed by pre-melted slag at Primary period.
The add-on of described pre-melted slag is according to following formulae discovery (unit: kg/ ton steel) W=20 [%Si]+37.5 [%P]+0.04 (T-1350), T is molten iron temperature, DEG C, [%Si] is molten iron silicon content, and [%P] is molten iron phosphorus content. To the crystallized ability of initial smelting period phosphorus and suppressing early stage smelting temperature to raise fast to strengthen slag, according to entering, the Si of stove molten iron, P content and temperature carry out dynamic conditioning to the add-on of pre-melted slag.
Detail step 3.
Described oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast and comprise: when duration of blast is 0-2min, and control of lance position is 1.5-1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 2-4min, control of lance position is 2.2-2.6m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 4-5min, control of lance position is 1.5-1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.3m3/ (min t). In order to the ferrous oxide content that controls in slag and the stability strengthening two-phase slag, bessemerize early stage oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast.
Detail step 4.
Described step 4 comprises: described in carry out deslagging operation the deslagging amount 50%-70% that is controlled in stove the quantity of slag.
Detail step 5.
Described step 5 comprises: basicity of slag R is controlled to 3.5-4.0 by converter terminal, and the massfraction of magnesium oxide is controlled to 8-10%, and the massfraction of iron protoxide is controlled to 15-20%. Realizing when the massfraction of molten iron phosphorus is 0.080%-0.200%, converter terminal phosphorus content can control below 0.010%.
Introduce the embodiment of the present invention in order to clearer, introduced the using method of the embodiment of the present invention below.
Following instance adopts 210 tons of top and bottom combined blown converters to smelt.
Method one
1, a upper stove converter tapping carries out slag splashing after terminating, and pours out remaining slag.
2, blast-melted (temperature is 1350 DEG C) is blended in converter, adds steel scrap 15t simultaneously, hot metal composition mass percent is C:4.30%, Si:0.35%, Mn:0.21%, P:0.12%. Before bessemerizing beginning, 3t lime and 2.4t pre-melted slag is added in stove, the add-on of pre-melted slag is according to following formulae discovery (unit: kg/ ton steel) W=20 [%Si]+37.5 [%P]+0.04 (T-1350), T is molten iron temperature, DEG C, [%Si] is molten iron silicon content, and [%P] is molten iron phosphorus content. To the crystallized ability of initial smelting period phosphorus and suppressing early stage smelting temperature to raise fast to strengthen slag, according to entering, the Si of stove molten iron, P content and temperature carry out dynamic conditioning to the add-on of pre-melted slag. The chemical group of pre-melted slag becomes CaO massfraction: 70-85%, SiO2Massfraction: 15-30%, pre-melted slag used is CaO-SiO2System, ensures to form a large amount of 2CaO SiO in slag2Phase, the dephosphorization product P in absorption slag2O5, finally it is fixed as 2CaO SiO2-3CaO·P2O5Phase, by adopting CaO-SiO2It is that phosphorus is fixed by pre-melted slag at Primary period.
3, before bessemerizing, 5min blowing rifle position and oxygen supply intensity control are as follows: when duration of blast is 0-2min, control of lance position is 1.6m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 2-4min, control of lance position is 2.4m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 4-5min, control of lance position is 1.6m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.3m3/ (min t), in order to the ferrous oxide content that controls in slag and the stability strengthening two-phase slag, bessemerize early stage oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast.
4, deslagging is carried out when bessemerizing 5min, deslagging amount is 3.2t, deslagging adds lime 2.2t, light dolomite 1.5t in converter from high hopper after terminating and continues slag making, final control finishing slag basicity is the massfraction of 3.7, MgO be the massfraction of 10%, FeO is 18%.
5, converter tapping temperature control is made as 1670 DEG C, and endpoint carbon content is 0.040%, and converter terminal phosphorus content is 0.0080%.
Method two
1, a upper stove converter tapping carries out slag splashing after terminating, and pours out remaining slag.
2, blast-melted (temperature is 1350 DEG C) is blended in converter, adds steel scrap 15t simultaneously, hot metal composition mass percent is C:4.20%, Si:0.30%, Mn:0.20%, P:0.10%. Before bessemerizing beginning, 2.8t lime and 2.0t pre-melted slag is added in stove, the add-on of pre-melted slag is according to following formulae discovery (unit: kg/ ton steel) W=20 [%Si]+37.5 [%P]+0.04 (T-1350), T is molten iron temperature, DEG C, [%Si] is molten iron silicon content, and [%P] is molten iron phosphorus content. To the crystallized ability of initial smelting period phosphorus and suppressing early stage smelting temperature to raise fast to strengthen slag, according to entering, the Si of stove molten iron, P content and temperature carry out dynamic conditioning to the add-on of pre-melted slag. The chemical group of pre-melted slag becomes CaO massfraction: 70-85%, SiO2Massfraction: 15-30%, pre-melted slag used is CaO-SiO2System, ensures to form a large amount of 2CaO SiO in slag2Phase, the dephosphorization product P in absorption slag2O5, finally it is fixed as 2CaO SiO2-3CaO·P2O5Phase, by adopting CaO-SiO2It is that phosphorus is fixed by pre-melted slag at Primary period.
3, before bessemerizing, 5min blowing rifle position and oxygen supply intensity control are as follows: when duration of blast is 0-2min, control of lance position is 1.5m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 2-4min, control of lance position is 2.2m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 4-5min, control of lance position is 1.5m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.3m3/ (min t), in order to the ferrous oxide content that controls in slag and the stability strengthening two-phase slag, bessemerize early stage oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast.
4, deslagging is carried out when bessemerizing 5min, deslagging amount is 2.9t, deslagging adds lime 2.0t, light dolomite 1.2t in converter from high hopper after terminating and continues slag making, final control finishing slag basicity is the massfraction of 3.5, MgO be the massfraction of 10%, FeO is 16%.
5, converter tapping temperature control is made as 1660 DEG C, and endpoint carbon content is 0.045%, and converter terminal phosphorus content is 0.0070%.
Method three
1, a upper stove converter tapping carries out slag splashing after terminating, and pours out remaining slag.
2, blast-melted (temperature is 1350 DEG C) is blended in converter, adds steel scrap 15t simultaneously, hot metal composition mass percent is C:4.40%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.20%, P:0.13%. Before bessemerizing beginning, 3.2t lime and 2.7t pre-melted slag is added in stove, the add-on of pre-melted slag is according to following formulae discovery (unit: kg/ ton steel) W=20 [%Si]+37.5 [%P]+0.04 (T-1350), T is molten iron temperature, DEG C, [%Si] is molten iron silicon content, and [%P] is molten iron phosphorus content. To the crystallized ability of initial smelting period phosphorus and suppressing early stage smelting temperature to raise fast to strengthen slag, according to entering, the Si of stove molten iron, P content and temperature carry out dynamic conditioning to the add-on of pre-melted slag.The chemical group of pre-melted slag becomes CaO massfraction: 70-85%, SiO2Massfraction: 15-30%, pre-melted slag used is CaO-SiO2System, ensures to form a large amount of 2CaO SiO in slag2Phase, the dephosphorization product P in absorption slag2O5, finally it is fixed as 2CaO SiO2-3CaO·P2O5Phase, by adopting CaO-SiO2It is that phosphorus is fixed by pre-melted slag at Primary period.
3, before bessemerizing, 5min blowing rifle position and oxygen supply intensity control are as follows: when duration of blast is 0-2min, control of lance position is 1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 2-4min, control of lance position is 2.5m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 4-5min, control of lance position is 1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.3m3/ (min t), in order to the ferrous oxide content that controls in slag and the stability strengthening two-phase slag, bessemerize early stage oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast.
4, deslagging is carried out when bessemerizing 5min, deslagging amount is 3.4t, deslagging adds lime 2.4t, light dolomite 1.7t in converter from high hopper after terminating and continues slag making, final control finishing slag basicity is the massfraction of 4.0, MgO be the massfraction of 10%, FeO is 20%.
5, converter tapping temperature control is made as 1665 DEG C, and endpoint carbon content is 0.035%, and converter terminal phosphorus content is 0.0090%.
The smelting process of converter high efficiency dephosphorating of the present invention is theoretical based on two-phase slag dephosphorization, by adopting CaO-SiO2It is that phosphorus is fixed by pre-melted slag at Primary period, coordinate rifle position and oxygen supply by lance intensity that FeO content in slag is carried out conservative control simultaneously, and carry out blowing slag-making again after being poured out by the slag of high phosphorus content in earlier stage when blowing 5min, realizing when the massfraction of molten iron phosphorus is 0.080%-0.200%, converter terminal phosphorus content can control below 0.010%.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to example to invention has been detailed explanation, it will be understood by those within the art that, the technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the right of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the smelting process of a converter high efficiency dephosphorating, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
A upper stove converter tapping carries out slag splashing after terminating, and pours out remaining slag;
Before bessemerizing beginning, in stove, add pre-melted slag;
Carrying out bessemerizing 4-5 minute, oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast;
Carry out deslagging operation;
Carrying out blowing slag-making, the massfraction of the massfraction of basicity of slag R, magnesium oxide and iron protoxide is controlled by converter terminal, and the massfraction obtaining the phosphorus of finished product requires the steel grade below 0.010%.
2. smelting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described in stove, add pre-melted slag comprise:
The chemistry composition of described pre-melted slag comprises: calcium oxide, massfraction is 70-85%, silicon-dioxide, and massfraction is 15-30%.
3. smelting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The add-on of described pre-melted slag is according to following formulae discovery (unit: kg/ ton steel) W=20 [%Si]+37.5 [%P]+0.04 (T-1350), T is molten iron temperature, DEG C, [%Si] is molten iron silicon content, and [%P] is molten iron phosphorus content.
4. smelting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described oxygen lance position and oxygen supply intensity carry out dynamic conditioning according to duration of blast and comprise:
When duration of blast is 0-2min, control of lance position is 1.5-1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 2-4min, control of lance position is 2.2-2.6m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/ (min t); When duration of blast is 4-5min, control of lance position is 1.5-1.8m, and oxygen supply intensity is 3.3m3/(min·t)。
5. smelting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described in carry out deslagging operation comprise:
The 50%-70% that the described deslagging amount carrying out deslagging operation is controlled in stove the quantity of slag.
6. smelting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, the massfraction of the massfraction of basicity of slag R, magnesium oxide and iron protoxide is carried out control and comprises by described converter terminal:
Basicity of slag R is controlled to 3.5-4.0 by converter terminal, and the massfraction of magnesium oxide is controlled to 8-10%, and the massfraction of iron protoxide is controlled to 15-20%.
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| CN106987676A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-07-28 | 唐山不锈钢有限责任公司 | A kind of converter basicity dynamic control method |
| CN107557534A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The production method of extremely low phosphoretic steel |
| CN107723415A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The production method of the ultralow phosphorus ultra-low-carbon steel of super-low sulfur |
| CN107746907A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-02 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The production method of clean steel |
| CN109402323A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-01 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of method of superelevation phosphorus molten iron smelting ultra-low phosphoretic steel |
| CN112877496A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-01 | 安徽工业大学 | Method for realizing efficient dephosphorization in dephosphorization period by controlling phase of slagging process |
| CN113355487A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-07 | 张准 | Magnesium-free mineral phase reconstruction agent, preparation method thereof and converter steelmaking slagging method |
| CN113801973A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-17 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Smelting method for converter steel slag resource production |
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| CN106987676A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-07-28 | 唐山不锈钢有限责任公司 | A kind of converter basicity dynamic control method |
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| CN109402323A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-01 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of method of superelevation phosphorus molten iron smelting ultra-low phosphoretic steel |
| CN112877496A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-01 | 安徽工业大学 | Method for realizing efficient dephosphorization in dephosphorization period by controlling phase of slagging process |
| CN113355487A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-07 | 张准 | Magnesium-free mineral phase reconstruction agent, preparation method thereof and converter steelmaking slagging method |
| CN113801973A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-17 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Smelting method for converter steel slag resource production |
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