CN101993813A - Method for realizing energy biogasification by using waste biology - Google Patents
Method for realizing energy biogasification by using waste biology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101993813A CN101993813A CN2009100603633A CN200910060363A CN101993813A CN 101993813 A CN101993813 A CN 101993813A CN 2009100603633 A CN2009100603633 A CN 2009100603633A CN 200910060363 A CN200910060363 A CN 200910060363A CN 101993813 A CN101993813 A CN 101993813A
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- biogas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for realizing energy biogasification by using waste biology, which is a method for solving the problem of lacking natural gas supply by collecting human and animal excrement, food remaining garbage, crop waste, grass aquatic plants, deadwood, falling leaves and the like and producing biogas by using microbial anaerobic fermentation. Meanwhile, a large amount of high-quality organic fertilizer is supplied to the agriculture, wastes are changed into valuable, environmental protection is enhanced, and the job opportunity is increased.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to environment protection and bioenergy; thing is not to utilize the bioenergy fermentation to produce biogas in methane-generating pit in waste materials such as movement, food refuse, wastes of crops and the green grass of people livestock and poultry, waterplant, deadwood, fallen leaves, to remedy the more and more exhausted problem of Sweet natural gas.
Two, background technology
Urban residents live with the energy flourish
1, country supports rural methane facilities development energetically
Biogas is one of four big emphasis renewable energy source item of greatly developing at present of China.
The Ministry of Agriculture " 2003-2010 the whole nation rural methane facilities development planning " has proposed: the end of the year 2002 whole nation methane-generating pit total amount 1,100 ten thousand families, planned 2010, national methane-generating pit total amount reaches more than 5,000 ten thousand families, the peasant household in the whole nation 20% can use biogas; 61,000,000,000 yuan of 2003-2010 gross investments, 44,900,000,000 yuan of central authorities' investments.Central authorities to investor's allowance standard are: 1200 yuan of northwest, the Northeast's each households, 1000 yuan of southwest each households, 800 yuan of other regional each households.Since 2005, biogas was popularized engineering and is begun to quicken to implement to execute phase in each province, city from the central-government policy aspect, is that country shakes off poverty and sets out on the road to prosperity the important behave of improving the ecological environment and being taked for solving the backward areas, Midwest.At the biogas construction, each province, city have put into effect a series of supporting systems and have guaranteed carrying out smoothly of biogas project.
2006 " State Council of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is about advancing some suggestions of new socialist countryside " (in send out [2006] No. 1) pointed out: accelerate the rural energy construction paces, promote biogas in the suitable area, increase considerably the rural methane facilities development scale of investment, household biogas will be accelerated to popularize in place with good conditionsi ...
Point out in 2007 " about the develop actively agricultural some suggestions that the new socialist countryside builds of going ahead in a down-to-earth manner " (in send out [2007] No. 1) ... accelerate development the rural area clean energy, continue to increase the rural methane facilities development input ...
Not only fiscal subsidy standard of country is improving, and the total value of fiscal subsidy is also increasing year by year.2002, the infusion of financial resources of country aspect rural methane facilities development was 300,000,000 yuan; 2003,1,000,000,000 yuan of rural methane facilities development national debt fund project initiations of country, project relates to 540 counties of 24 provinces in the whole nation, more than 6000 village, 1,030,000 peasant households; The rural methane facilities development national debt fund was 1,000,000,000 yuan in 2004,2005; 2006, country arranged 2,500,000,000 yuan of treasury bonds investments, is used for rural area household biogas construction project, increased by 1.5 times than 2005, newly-increased biogas user 2,500,000 families of plan; 2007 rural methane facilities development national debt fund increased more than 20% on 2,500,000,000 yuan the basis in 2006.
Except the state revenue and expenditure subsidy, the corresponding proportion that each province, the finance of area, city are subsidized according to state revenue also drops into the part fund.In addition; the most government of economizing of China also from national poverty alleviation, move back also woods of consumption; natural forest protection fund, building a New Socialist Countryside, improve and take out a part of fund direct subsidy peasant household in the policies such as rural health environment; various places, city, county, township also build methane-generating pit to peasant household and subsidize under the situation that economic condition allows.
2, the production and use of marsh gas energy has brought material benefit to the peasant
Under the support of the many preferential policies of country, methane-generating pit has been built up in vast rural area one after another, not only changed the rural health environment, changed the enamelware pot of cooking in the past and burned situation with the smoke fire of material grass, actual service condition according to the rural area, Guanghan City, Sichuan Province at patent applicant place proves, farmers''s methane-generating pit is as long as use working specification to manipulate in strict accordance with safety in production, throughout the year normal gas producing, go out fertilizer, discharge tail water is as clear as crystal, in order to water the field, plant vegetables, fertile fruit tree, fertilizer efficiency is all well and good, kills the effect of insect pest in addition.Fen slag slurry is made raw material for composite chemical fertilizer factory, is in great demand very much.
3, the characteristic of biogas
Biogas contains CH
450-70%, and CO
2, H
2, N
2, CO, H
2Gases such as S, the calorific value of every cubic metre of biogas can reach the 5500-6500 kilocalorie, and temperature of combustion can reach 1400 ℃, a 8-10m
3Methane-generating pit, can produce biogas 1m daily
3, can replace the burning of 3000～4000 jin of straws, breakfast, lunch and dinner were done the meal except one day, also can be used to heat up water have a bath, and boiled feed, the lighting system etc. of lighting a lamp evening, it is required to have solved a tame peasant household domestic energy basically.
Biogas fermentation is an organism under secluding air and certain temperature, humidity condition, produce the process of biogas through the anaerobic fermentation of microorganism, the various microorganisms of participating in biogas fermentation all belong to anaerobies organotrophy type bacterium, wherein are mainly various biogas bacteriums such as Ovshinsky methagen, methane sarcine and horse Zai Shi micrococcus etc.
In marsh gas fermentation processes, the decomposition and inversion process of organic substance substantially can be in two steps: at first be various anaerobies cellulose-decomposing bacterias, microbes of pectin discomposing, butyric acid bacteria and in each quasi-microorganism acting in conjunction of disliking decomposing protein, fat, carbohydrate under the gas condition, the organic substance of complexity is resolved into acetic acid (CH
3COOH), lactic acid (CH
3CH
2COOH, CH
3CHOHCOO3), butyric acid (CH
3CH
2CH
2COOH, [CH
3]
2CHCOOH), methyl alcohol (CH
3OH), ethanol (CH
3CH
2OH), butanols (CH
3CH
2CH
2CH
2OH) etc. be main organism, and carbonic acid gas (CO
2), hydrogen sulfide (H
2S) and ammonia (NH
3) wait inorganics.Secondly, the organic acid that above-mentioned complicated organic matter decomposition produced, alcohol, carbonic acid gas and hydrogen etc. through the effect of biogas bacterium, generate methane from number of ways again, and its chemical reaction is as follows:
A. the methyl by acid and alcohol forms methane
CH
3COOH→CH
4+CO
2
4CH
3OH→3CH
4+CO
2+2H
2O
B. the oxidation by alcohol makes carbon dioxide reduction form methane
2CH
3CH
2OH+CO
2→2CH
3COOH+CH
4
2CH
3CH
2CH
2CH
2OH+CO
2→2CH
3CH
2CH
2COOH+CH
4
C. utilize hydrogen to make carbon dioxide reduction form methane
CO
2+4H
2→CH
4+2H
2O
Because biogas fermentation is the process of various anaerobies microbiological comprehensive effect, so in same methane-generating pit, different fermenting processs is arranged, intermeshes and carries out.
Therefore biogas is the product of multiple microbial fermentation effect, heals when vigorous when the vital movement of biogas microorganism, produces biogas just the more, and methane-generating pit fertilizer is also many, quality; Otherwise aerogenesis is few, and it is also low to go out fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency is not high.So,, create the adapt circumstance condition will for the biogas microorganism in order to carry out good biogas fermentation.
A. require the methane-generating pit must be strict airtight, must accomplish water-tightly, gas tank be air tight.
B. inoculate the high-quality marsh gas bacterium.As all can with biogas scum, old manure pit slag, cloaca mud etc.
C. batching is wanted suitably, and the output of biogas is relevant with raw-material carbon nitrogenize.Its carbon-nitrogen ratio of general requirement is 30～40: 1 is better.This just requires fecaluria, green grass, straw, dry branches and fallen leaves etc. into the pond to add in proportion.
D. amount of water is the important factor of methane tank gas production, generally be controlled at about 50% of wet feed amount, and wet feed is about 70～80% of a butt.
E. temperature generally is controlled at 20～40 ℃ and is advisable.
F. potential of hydrogen, the activity in pH6～8 scopes of biogas bacterium is the most prosperous, the gas production rate height.Often accumulate a large amount of organic acids in fermented liquid, the pH value is reduced, generally the unslaked lime of raw material dry weight 0.1～0.2% commonly used is in neutralization.
G. material in the pond is stirred in good time, make that material fully ferments in the pond.
Except that containing a large amount of methane gas, also contain the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen (PH of little ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and severe toxicity in the biogas
3).Hydrogen sulfide and phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen cause that easily the people poisons, when using biogas, transfer lime, cut down, instrument etc. should be strictly on guard against gas leakage, regularly cycle check is in time handled.When methane-generating pit goes out fertile slag and keeps in repair, gases such as methane in the pond must be discharged, after waiting to be full of fresh air, personnel just allow to enter in the pond, to avoid casualty accident.Biogas should take off PH by ammonium water before using for the user
3Tower and devulcanizer are used after removing obnoxious flavour again.
Biogas not only contains toxic gas, should be before the resident uses in to remove, more because biogas is inflammable gas, in case arrive certain proportion with air mixed, meet spark and just fierce blast can take place, destructive power is very big, and therefore, production and use all must be carried out in strict accordance with " working specification is used in safety in production ".At design aspect, should bursting diaphragm be set at the key position on the pipeline, on the equipment, the Safety water seal device is set, in case produce tempering return-air accident when lighting a fire with gas on the pipeline of necessity.
4, people livestock and poultry movement, food refuse, wastes of crops and green grass, waterplant, deadwood, fallen leaves etc. are the valuable source material of biogas production
Fertile part of content height of people livestock and poultry movement, become thoroughly decomposed fast, fertilizer efficiency is good, is applicable to various soil and various crop, obvious effect of increasing production is so always paid attention to by the peasant.But wherein keep a large amount of parasitic ovums, should remove by the methane-generating pit biological fermentation.
People's animal dung urine is that food is through digesting the part that is not absorbed and used and excretes.Wherein contain 70～80% moisture approximately, about 20% organic substance, main component is the intermediate product of Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, fat, lipid acid, protein and other decomposition etc.; Content of mineral substances is about 5%, mainly is salts such as silicate, phosphoric acid salt, muriate and calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium.These all are the necessary nutrients of farm crop.
People's animal dung urinates that not only nutrient content is higher, and quantity is very big, occupies critical role on the source of manure.The urbanization residential building is high buildings and large mansions basically at present, and water closet is all realized in the lavatory, a large amount of human excrement all pour septic tank with tap water, the liquefaction back flows into river, river, pond, lake from water drain, causes environmental pollution, also slatterns valuable organic fertilizer resource and water source.
Since rural area single household can utilize the livestock and poultry manure, construction of marsh gas tank is produced biogas, with required energy problems of life such as solution rural area fuel illuminations, has also obtained a large amount of high-quality organic fertilizer, has improved the environmental health condition, reduces mosquitos and flies breeding site.More have ready conditions in the city normally, and the human excrement of discharging is put together, and by large and medium-sized (according to sub-district amount decision size) methane-generating pit, produces biogas, replenishes the resident living energy.As: with the residential quarter is the unit, or is the unit with adjacent apartment, several buildings, respectively construction of marsh gas tank, stand, establish the personal management, also can solve the part problem of employment.Methane-generating pit tail water is consistent with the solvable composition of scum, can directly be used as solution, exhaustless concentrate make purifying treatment after, " reuse water " of specialize in water closet or cleaning, watering flowers etc. used.The biogas scum is a high-quality fertilizer, and a Da Qu can build a fertilizer factory, regularly from the methane-generating pit of each Residential areas, stand, draw in fertilizer plant with the groove tank car and make raw materials for production.According to rough calculation, press present circumstances, every cubic metre of biogas is delivered to user's about about 1 yuan of commodity valency, and this valency is lower than Sweet natural gas or coal gas valency, welcome by the resident.
5, the natural gas source breach is very big, and the situation is pressing
According to reports, China's PetroChina Company Limited.'s gas production in 2008 is 61,700,000,000 m
3, increased by 13.8% on a year-on-year basis, account for national gas production rate more than 70%.To China's natural gas demand breach in 2010 at 20,000,000,000 m
3About, will reach 90,000,000,000 m to the year two thousand twenty breach
3Sweet natural gas is Nonrenewable energy resources, and supply can be fewer and feweri, and situation is very severe.
Some developed countries are utilizing the fairly large test of microbiological anaerobic digestion farm refuse production methane in the world.Britain has set up the automated plant of methanation, can replace the gas consumption amount of whole Britain 25%.The U.S. has built in one pasture a methane fermentation factory, can handle 1650 tons of barnyard manure every day, and 11.3 ten thousand m can be provided
3The methane gas in/sky, enough 100,000 family families use.The U.S. has had 24 place's bioenergy fermentation engineerings at present, and as seen they are got ahead of others under energy dilemma prestige association already.
Economic conditions have had very big development since China's reform and opening-up, under the harsh situation that current financial crisis have swepts the globe, and the keying action of still taking on mainstay.But under the aggressive situation of energy dilemma, other country has all early taked the look ahead strategy of providing for a rainy day.And China is populous, under the in great shortage situation of resource, how can abandon urban population and concentrate, and large number of biological such as human excrement, food residue rubbish can the valuable like this resource of high quality raw material waste!
Three, summary of the invention
1, the objective of the invention is a large amount of human excrement and the food refuse that utilize the city to emit in vain, produce biogas, for the more and more under-supply severe situation of the life of urban resident energy with the methane-generating pit biological fermentation.
2, the object of the present invention is achieved like this.
Bioenergy can utilize rural area waste materials such as people, animal, brid guano urine and straw, green grass, dry branches and fallen leaves to implement success in the rural area, and key is technical reaching a standard, and the active support of the government, thus just flourish like the mushrooms after rain.The sixties in 20th century, Sichuan Lee's secretary of provincial Party committee wellspring was once wished and can be used biogas in the city that he lives.But be willing to gnaw this first crab as the no one, fail to realize always.
3, characteristics of the present invention and advantage:
The city resident is aspect setting up biogas problem, and condition is more superior than the rural area, except that above-mentioned favourable condition, can take following measure:
A, make rational planning for urbanite water consumption pipeline and sewer line
Water supply pipeline sets up water supply pipe separately and reuse water pipeline two is.The tap water piping specializes in that life is drunk, cooked, washes in a pan dish, usefulness such as wash clothes; The reuse water piping is for flushing the toilet, water closet, mopping the floor, water as sanitation and hygiene usefulness such as flowers and plants.Sewer line also divides two to be: one is that water washes after comprising water closet draining and the treated device pulverization process of kitchen food residue rubbish, flows into methane-generating pit in the lump, for fermentation methane production; Another is to comprise that washing machine, kitchen wash, wash one's face, gargle and brush teeth, have a bath and Clean-back sewage, enters sewer line in the lump and delivers to sewage works, makes reclaimed wastewater reuse or drain into irrigation canals and ditches (seeing accompanying drawing 1) after harmless treatment
B, methane-generating pit are built in 4 meters absolute altitude places of appropriate location, residential quarter below ground (being as the criterion with opening for feed), and both being convenient to apartment one is that outfall sewer drains into methane-generating pit, does not take up an area of the greening place of face again.The supporting corrosion resisting centrifugal pump in every pond, in order to carry natural pond liquid, natural pond slag and regularly in the pond, to spray to recoil material is poured in the pond from opening for feed, a part of natural pond slag is refluxed and the abundant mixing of charging, doing the nature inoculation uses, simultaneously natural pond material in the pond is stirred, it is more abundant rapider to make it fermentation.Gas producing efficiency is higher.
C, biogas scum regularly are transported to fertilizer plant with the groove tank car and make the fertilizer raw material, tail water is banished naturally and is made liquid fertilizer, flowers and trees, lawn are afforested in pouring on the spot, exhaustless from flowing to pond, lake, algae pool, wetland, supplying waterplant nutriment such as water lettuce, reed, water caltrop, lotus, beautify the environment, waterplant has not only purified water quality but also can collect and make poultry, fowl feed, or returns methane-generating pit after pulverizing, increase carbon-nitrogen ratio, guarantee the methane-generating pit sound operation.Reached the eubiosis.
D, methane-generating pit are designed to a spheroidal (or circle drum), the skeleton construction pond, and its area of dissipation minimum, the volume maximum is stressed evenly.What determine the ball diameter according to biotope population.Requiring can withstand voltage 1kg/cm
2, outer wall is coated with the expanded vermiculite powder grout thermal insulation layer of one deck 2cm left and right thickness, can stablize the interior temperature of methane-generating pit in optimum fermentation temp.Interior wall liner is with the acid and alkali-resistance porcelain plate, or chloroprene rubber, or silica gel rubber or glass reinforced plastic protective layer, in case the liquid that recoils washes away the damage pool wall.(seeing accompanying drawing 2)
E, another is that outfall sewer (sewage) drains into sewage works, is made for reuse water after unified the processing, or enters the ditch and bleed off.
F, secure context, the similar performance of biogas and Sweet natural gas all is the gas of inflammable and explosive easy poisoning, its safety requirements is in full accord.Present most city resident is the use Sweet natural gas of safety, and the safe handling of Sweet natural gas management has been had complete rules and regulations, it is transplanted to the safe handling standard of biogas and comes, and is complete feasible necessity.
Aspect safety features, except aspect transfer lime and the equipment, be provided with on demand outside the explosion-proof equipment, at gas distribution station a tank cover-floating type gas holder is set, the unbalanced contradiction of buffering resident's gas consumption.And one Safety water seal respectively is set at the pipeline enclosure of turnover gas holder, prevent that tempering refluence gas from destroying equipment; (seeing accompanying drawing 1)
G, owing to go out in the gas of pond to contain small amount of H
2S and PH
3Gas, not only to human body tool toxic, and to tool corrodibility such as hardware pipe fittings, the sieve plate that this project adopts PVC plastics to make takes off PH
3Tower bottom, biogas are scurried Xi Anshui that sieve plate hole eye and top sprays into uniformly and are done reverse liquid to be changed processing, to remove PH wherein
3Severe toxicity gas becomes ammonium phosphate and makes chemical fertilizer usefulness, biogas enter again next in the dress solid devulcanizer that takes off S agent hammer scale or manganese ore remove H
2S.Devulcanizer be one cylindrical, up and down with torispherical head sealing, biogas enters from the devulcanizer bottom, through the desulfurization layer, removes H
2Behind the S gas,, go into gas holder after entering the gas storage holder water sealed tank again from the air outlet, top.
Four, embodiment
1, the invention process foundation:
Supporting and encourageing of government policy:
Stipulate in as far back as National Development and Reform Committee in 2002, the Ministry of Construction, State Environmental Protection Administration just in (investing [2002] No. 1591) file " about advancing the suggestion of municipal effluent, refuse treatment industrialized development ", and provincial government's relevant document is also stipulated, carry out on the recycling treatment at domestic waste, formulated preferential policy and vigorously supported:
1. according to national regulation, provide the project land needed, pay land use charge and various workmen's compensation by government with administrative way of allocation;
2. government carries out the franchise operation system, promises to undertake in 30 year operational period and in the project overlay area, no longer rebuilds similar project, guarantees the uniqueness of Construction Party's franchise operation.
3. be responsible for the co-ordination of the Infrastructure auxiliary construction of project land used by government.
4. government levies garbage fees, presses the relevant policies regulation, pays the processing special subsidies expense of rubbish per ton to project construction unit.
5. government should coordinate environment hygiene control and relevant departments, be responsible for municipal wastes cleared to the waste resources chemical plant at this project place and handle.
6. government's coping resources processing item purpose water, the electricity charge give preferentially by national relevant regulations, and help enterprise to strive for the treatment of reducing or remiting the taxes.
7. in project construction, government should safeguard that suitable the arrangement supported the financial funds such as tax, building site transfer fee from urban construction, and coordinates national debt fund, commercial loan etc., to remedy the deficiency of investor's construction fund.
8. coordinate relevant departments by government, handle the operating concessions formality, coordinate procedures of submitting reports for approval such as project verification, planning, environmental protection, forestry, water guarantor according to the provisions of the relevant regulations issued by the State.
The construction and the development of public welfare enterprise are encouraged and supported to these preferential policies energetically.Bioenergy is in city resident's concentration zones development and use, allows life of urban resident energy biogas, and the meaning of its energy-conserving and environment-protective is not second to the production and use of marsh gasization.As previously mentioned, there is not hell and high water in technical elements, and the resident has also grasped the general knowledge and the experience of safe handling Sweet natural gas.
2, concrete enforcement
The at first candidate support of government expediently, the combination area of city and country of selection city neighborhood according to the sub-district population what, designs the methane-generating pit volume, and PH is taken off in how many configurations according to gas production rate again
3Facilities such as tower, devulcanizer, gas storage holder.
As: with residential quarter population 1000 people is example, builds a methane-generating pit and gas distribution station.
Use live telecast according to methane-generating pit, the methane-generating pit energy every day material handling 1kg of every cubic meters capacity can produce biogas 0.3m
3
With for each person every day abundance of food (comprising main non-staple food) after digesting and assimilating, drain the on average about 1kg of fecaluria, food remains rubbish (comprising leftovers leftovers live stock and fowl bone slag dish bits etc.) 1kg in addition, and promptly on average nearly for each person every day 2kg waste can produce the raw material of biogas for entering methane-generating pit as fermentation.
Then: the methane-generating pit volume of 1000 people resident sub-districts should be
1000 people * 2kg/ man day ÷ 1kg/m
3My god=2000m
3
Diameter D
Ball=7.86m, outer surface area S
Ball=195m
2
Produce the biogas amount every day:
2000 * 0.3=600m
3/ day (can supply 600 people's gas consumptions)
Because it is to concentrate on breakfast, lunch and dinner after ante cibum that the resident has a bath as meal with biogas, and before the sleep in evening, gas consumption is unbalanced, stores tolerance 400m so select for use
3Gas holder cushions.
3, economical effectiveness aspect:
Every m
3The commodity valency of biogas is defined as 1 yuan/m
3
Every day, the income of biogas was 600 yuan
The biogas scum is made raw material for fertilizer factory, and the 3000kg wet feed is arranged every day approximately, and in 2 jiaos of every kg wet feeds, every day, income was 600 yuan.
(it is 2900 yuan/T that fertilizer marketing valency, Panshi City, Jilin produce the Shi Zebao valency, biogas go into operation operation normal after, under the conditions being possessed situation, with approval of authority after, set about building a spraying drying again and produce fertilizer factory)
4, artificial aspect:
The methane-generating pit production operation is by three-shift, per tour 1 people, and totally 3 people, biogas gas distribution station operational administrative personnel press two-shift, per tour 1 people, totally 2 people, other establishes a people allotment and management routine matter, 6 people altogether comprehensively.
80 yuan of meters of average salary for each person every day, every day labour expenses 80 * 6=480 unit
Under the ordinary production situation, every day except that the labour expenses, can be surplus 1200-480=720 unit.As maintenance and daily expenditure.
As above give the estimation tally with the actual situation, then this project can be kept ordinary production basically, and does not need government to subsidize especially.
5, secure context:
Because biogas belongs to gas inflammable, explosive, that easily the people is poisoned, must set up safety in production, the use working specification of a whole set of strictness, require all pipe-line equipments of native system, all must be qualified before bringing into use through leak test, pressure testing, and need to carry out replacement Treatment through self-produced biogas, through being up to the standards, prove wherein oxygen level Ex-all or be controlled in the safety range, just grant and put into operation.Operator in service should operate in strict accordance with working specification, should detect one time along process pipeline, equipment, each connection place etc. every two hours, whether have and leak or abnormality, as once finding abnormal conditions, should in time handle, guarantee that total system moves under safety case.Also need work out each season light maintenance once, annual overhaul scheduled overhaul once, crucial rotating machinery as noncorrosive pump, should be set up one and do standby.
The total system biogas pressure is pressed 150cm～200cm water colunm pressure operation, uses terminal that enough air pressure is arranged to guarantee that biogas is transported to.
In addition, also to use for reference the managerial experience and the rules and regulations of Sweet natural gas safe handling, accomplish whenever not have any potential safety hazard and exist.
Fertilizer standard GB 8172-87
Organic ≮ 8%
Total nitrogen ≮ 0.4%
Total phosphorus ≮ 0.2%
Total potassium ≮ 0.8%
pH?6～9
Moisture content ≯ 40%
Five, description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is schematic flow sheet: a, ball-shaped biogas digester; B, natural pond slag are starched the transferpump that recoils; PH is taken off in c, injection
3Device; D, ammonium water-circulating pump; E, ammonium tank; F, devulcanizer; G, bell-jar gas storage holder; h
1,2, Safety water seal; I, natural pond slag slurry transfer cart; J, water closet; K, food refuse disposer; L, boiled kettle; M, frying pan; N, the pot of cooking; O, naughty food bucket; P, the place of washing one's face and rinsing one's mouth; Q, washing machine; R, cleaning water; S, bathing water's device; T, waterplant crusher; U, air water separator; V, biogas strapping table; W, macerate the pond in advance.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the major equipment synoptic diagram:
Fig. 2-1 is ball-shaped biogas digester: a, opening for feed; B goes out natural pond liquid mouth; C, go out the biogas mouth; D, go out the natural pond cinder notch; E, the biogas residue liquid mouth that recoils; F, manhole.
Fig. 2-2 is devulcanizer: a, inlet mouth; B, air outlet; C, dress sweetening agent hole; D, unload the sweetening agent hole.
Fig. 2-3 takes off PH for spraying
3Device: a, inlet mouth; B, air outlet; C, enter the ammonium mouth of a river; D, go out the ammonium mouth of a river.
Claims (9)
1. utilize the useless biological energy biogas of realizing, it is characterized in that it is the spheroidal of being made by a Steel Concrete (or circle drum), can withstand voltage 1kg/cm
2, the tool opening for feed, go out the biogas mouth, go out natural pond liquid mouth and slag notch, closed methane-generating pit that liquid circulation in natural pond recoils mouthful is main body.PH is taken off in supporting ammonium jet of water decompression
3Devulcanizer, ammonium water-circulating pump, the circulation of biogas scum liquid that device and one the are equipped with solid desulfurating agent gas distribution station that transferpump, hydrolock gas storage holder etc. are formed that recoils is realized energy biogas, with the problem of supplemental natural gas supply shortage.
2. Steel Concrete spheroidal according to claim 1 (or circle drum) methane-generating pit, liner acid and alkali-resistance porcelain plate or silicon rubber lining or glass reinforced plastic lining or chloroprene rubber lining are with washing away of the protection against corrosion and the stirring that recoils; Opening for feed, out-feed liquid mouth, the circulation of natural pond liquid recoil mouth, methane outlet, manhole are set, peep hole, temperature-measuring port, scum exports; Outer wall is coated with one deck expanded vermiculite powder grout thermal insulation layer.
3. PH is taken off in ammonium jet of water decompression according to claim 1
3Device adopts PVC plastics or A
3Steel is made, and biogas enters in the device from upper lateral part, from the top, at a high speed sprays into a hydraucone by a reducing with Xi Anshui, carries out in the same way matter with the biogas that enters and changes, and removes the PH in the biogas
3, make it to generate ammonium phosphate as fertilizer.Biogas is because of ammonium water high-velocity jet, and injection generation negative pressure, and position is in the same way put to such an extent that the higher negative pressure that produces heals greatly, thereby makes decompression in the methane-generating pit, is beneficial to biological fermentation.
4. the devulcanizer of dress solid desulfurating agent in according to claim 1, be one cylindrical, the container that makes with torispherical head up and down, interior dress hammer scale or manganese ore sweetening agent, biogas enters in the device from the bottom, by the desulfurization layer, after removing wherein hydrogen sulfide, export from top.
5. biogas scum according to claim 1, the liquid circulation transferpump that recoils, it is a corrosion resistant centrifugal infusion pump, natural pond liquid, the natural pond slag of whole methane-generating pit system, forward recoil at a high speed in the pond from opening for feed with this impeller pump and to make it to be easy to charging, simultaneously natural pond liquid, natural pond slag in the pond are stirred, improving microbial fermentation rate in the pond, and go into tank car, be transported to fertilizer plant and make the fertilizer raw material with this pump delivery natural pond liquid, slag.
6. spheroidal according to claim 1 (or circle drum) methane-generating pit, being as the criterion with opening for feed is arranged on the following 4 meters absolute altitude places of ground level.Be beneficial to the fecaluria of inhabitation building on the one hand, from flowing into methane-generating pit, it does not take up an area of the face position behind the treated device of kitchen food refuse, helps the methane-generating pit insulation yet.
7. hydrolock gas storage holder according to claim 1 is that a metal bell jar floats in the tank, can be up and down floats with what of biogas consumption, and inside and outside wall is through rotproofing, with the unbalanced problem of solution gas consumption.
8. hydrolock gas storage holder according to claim 1 is provided with a Safety water seal device respectively at its air inlet mouth of pipe and the mouth of pipe of giving vent to anger, and takes place to prevent gas tempering or refluence accident.
9. bioenergy biogas according to claim 1, be to build methane-generating pit in the combination area of city and country residential quarter in a city earlier, after utilizing treated device, crushers such as daily excretory fecaluria of resident and food residue rubbish, deadwood, fallen leaves, green grass, waterplant, wastes of crops, gravity flow enters methane-generating pit, utilize the anaerobies microbial fermentation to produce biogas for the domestic energy needs, in short supply to solve natural gas supply, and the more and more exhausted problem of resource.After obtaining experience, develop to other local popularization again.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107142283A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-08 | 四川和鼎环保工程有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of municipal refuse |
| CN113262613A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-17 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Has the function of inhibiting H2S function purification device, septic tank and H2S suppression method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1726352A1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-29 | Jürgen Kaufmann | Process and device for processing biogas or fermentation gas |
| WO2008128776A2 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-30 | Heinrich Follmann | Method for the purification of biogas, and biogas produced using said method |
| CN101337757A (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-07 | 李明华 | Method for preparing bio anaerobic effusion methane by dry fermentation |
| CN101423846A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2009-05-06 | 创东能源环保科技（福建）有限公司 | Non-pollution marsh gas fermentation processing method and apparatus thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1726352A1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-29 | Jürgen Kaufmann | Process and device for processing biogas or fermentation gas |
| WO2008128776A2 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-30 | Heinrich Follmann | Method for the purification of biogas, and biogas produced using said method |
| CN101337757A (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-07 | 李明华 | Method for preparing bio anaerobic effusion methane by dry fermentation |
| CN101423846A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2009-05-06 | 创东能源环保科技（福建）有限公司 | Non-pollution marsh gas fermentation processing method and apparatus thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107142283A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-08 | 四川和鼎环保工程有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of municipal refuse |
| CN113262613A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-17 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Has the function of inhibiting H2S function purification device, septic tank and H2S suppression method |
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