CN101988174A - Large-scale ball mill liner and heat treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Large-scale ball mill liner and heat treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101988174A CN101988174A CN201010573824XA CN201010573824A CN101988174A CN 101988174 A CN101988174 A CN 101988174A CN 201010573824X A CN201010573824X A CN 201010573824XA CN 201010573824 A CN201010573824 A CN 201010573824A CN 101988174 A CN101988174 A CN 101988174A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/22—Lining for containers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale ball mill liner and a heat treatment method thereof. The large-scale ball mill liner comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.26 to 0.35 percent of C, 3.5 to 4.2 percent of Cr, 2.8 to 3.2 percent of Mn, 1.2 to 1.5 percent of Si, 0.002 to 0.005 percent of B, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of Ti, 0.04 to 0.08 percent of Zr, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of V, 0.30 to 0.40 percent of Nb, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of Ba, 0.02 to 0.06 percent of Ca, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of RE, 0 to 0.03 percent of S, 0 to 0.04 percent of P and the balance of Fe. The liner is subjected to smelting, casting, oil quenching, and tempering treatment at the temperature of between 200 and 230 DEG C. The liner has high strength and hardness, good toughness and abrasive resistance, lower cost and better using effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is all kinds of ball grinding machine lining boards and manufacture method thereof, and particularly a kind of large-size ball mill liner plate and heat treating method thereof belong to the improved grinding technical field.
Background technology
Ball mill is a kind of widely used size reduction machinery; it is one of major equipment of industry materials pulverizing such as metallurgical mine, cement building material, electric power, chemical fertilizer, coal, chemical industry; liner plate is the protecting sheet of ball mill and input and output material end cap; it promotes the effect of grinding element in addition except the impact and wearing and tearing of bearing grinding element (abrading-ball, frotton and mill section) and material.Along with the fast development of material grinding technology, ball mill is tending towards maximizing, and the liner plate working conditions is harsh day by day, to the demands for higher performance of lining material, improves the emphasis research topic that its wear resistance is domestic and international common concern.
Present widely used lining material mainly contains three major types: 1. high mangaenese steel; 2. alloy abrasion resistant steel; 3. rich chromium cast iron.
High mangaenese steel is the material that a kind of toughness of being invented by British Clarence Hadfield in 1882 is fabulous, have better wear resistance, and it belongs to the Fe-C-Mn ternary alloy.The as-cast structure of this steel is that austenite adds carbide, after the tough processing of water, can obtain single-phase austenite structure, and it has higher impact resistance and work hardening capacity.ZGMnl3 is famous international Hadfield Steel, when the liner plate made from this steel is on active service under the crunch effect, the top layer will produce work hardening rapidly, its work hardening capacity is higher 5 ~ 6 times than other steel grade, and lattice distortion easily takes place in martensite and the ε slip plane that hands down, form attrition resistant upper layer, and its internal layer still keeps the good austenite structure of impelling strength.Work hardening rear surface hardness can rise to HB500 by HB200, and this characteristic makes it extensively be used as wearing piece in the machineries such as mine, building materials, metallurgy, the energy, railway.In the evolution of lining material, be main flow in early days with high mangaenese steel.Though the toughness plasticity that the high mangaenese steel tool is good as the lining board of grinder material, has the following disadvantages: (1) grinding machine can not be given full play to the work hardening capacity of high manganese steel lining plate in the course of the work, shows as not wear-resisting; (2) yield strength is low, in use very easily produces viscous deformation, causes lining board of grinder to come off because of bolt abruption; (3) can't use with the good HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls coupling of hardness height, wear resistance.In recent years,, its research and practice there has been very big progress, so when parts such as making ball grinding machine lining board, oneself gradually adopts other material to replace high mangaenese steel abroad because low alloy steel and white cast iron performance improve constantly.
Steel alloy be meant in the steel except that siliceous and manganese as alloying element or the deoxidant element, also contain other alloying elements (as chromium, nickel, aluminium, vanadium, titanium, copper, tungsten, aluminium, cobalt, niobium and other element etc.), the steel that also contains some non-metallic element (as boron, nitrogen etc.) that has.According to steel interalloy constituent content what, can be divided into low alloy steel again, Medium Alloy Steel and high quality steel.Wear-resistant low alloy steel can be divided into low-carbon (LC) (0.18-0.30%) according to carbon content, middle carbon (0.3-0.50%) and high-carbon (0.50-1.0%) three classes.The alloy total amount of low-alloy wear-resistant steel is below 5%, and the alloy content of Medium Alloy Steel is compared with other wearable cast steel between 5%-10%, has better wear resistance and flexible over-all properties.Rise the seventies, beautiful, add, state such as Australia will be used for handling various quenchings (+tempering) technology low, Medium Alloy Steel in succession and be generalized to all kinds of broken, the disintegrating apparatus that comprises liner plate.Also added elements such as rare earth and boron in some wear resisting steels of China, improved the hardening capacity of steel, improved tissue, mechanical property and the wear resistance of steel, be applied to ball grinding machine lining board, its work-ing life is slightly higher than high manganese steel lining plate.Also there is the insufficient weakness of toughness in the dilute-alloy martensite wear resisting steel, so it is used under the less operating mode of the power of being hit more, it also exists hardening capacity and the low deficiency of hardenability, and wear resistance is relatively poor.
Rich chromium cast iron is the best a kind of wear-resistant material of abrasion resistance in chromium series cast iron, mainly is because have high hardness, toughness preferably, and high antiwear property and resistance to corrosion are called as third generation high-abrasive material.The chrome content of rich chromium cast iron is between 12-28%, and carbon content is between 2.4-3.6%, and its wear resistance depends on the kind of content, matrix and carbide of carbon and alloying element and form distribution etc.The microstructure of rich chromium cast iron is made up of primary austenite or its transmutation product and eutectic structure.Its eutectic carbides is the M of the shaft-like and lath-shaped of sexangle
7C
3The type carbide is the suspension shape and distributes, and microhardness is up to Hv1300-1800, and toughness and wear resistance are also higher.Common chrome content is selected high rigidity and had certain flexible martensite at the high-chromium white cast iron of 12%-20% is main matrix.But, high-chromium white cast iron has alloying element content height, production cost height and high-temperature heat treatment is yielding and rimose is not enough, and ordinary white cast iron and low-alloy chilled cast iron carbide hardness are low, and carbide is continuous shape and distributes, fragility is big, easily peels off in the use even ftractures.Therefore, Development and Production technology is simple, cost is low, obdurability is high, hardening capacity and the good and free of contamination large-size ball mill lining material of hardenability, replaces widely used common iron and steel high-abrasive material at present, has crucial meaning undoubtedly.
In order to improve the wear resisting property of ball grinding machine lining board, Chinese invention patent CN1039985 discloses process for casting double metals compound ball mill lining palte, adopts rich chromium cast iron to become ball grinding machine lining board with the qualitative carbon steel bimetal composite casting.This invention belongs to the production technique novel method of bimetal composite casting ball grinding machine lining board, has solved the above large-size ball mill liner plate of φ 3m and has used best high-abrasive material---and the breakage problem of rich chromium cast iron, this liner plate has high overall flexibility and wear resistance simultaneously.But there is the manufacturing process complexity, scrap rate height, deficiencies such as bonding layer quality difference.
Chinese invention patent CN101690906A discloses chromium alloy lining plate in a kind of combined self-fixed bolt free, is made by mass percentage by following ingredients: C0.4-0.6%, Si0.5-0.8%, Mn0.8-1.4%, Cr3.0-5.5%, Mo0.30-0.5%, Ni0.1-0.2%, Al0.2-0.4%, Nb0.05-0.08%, Ti0.05-0.08%, 0.008-0.015%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.05%, surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.This invention makes this invention have the intensity height by chemical ingredients is reasonably designed, good toughness, and the characteristics that wear resistance is strong make the hardness of product and toughness reach unified.This liner plate contains expensive alloy element such as nickel, molybdenum, cost height, and carbon content height, and fragility is bigger, makes the large-size ball mill liner plate, poor stability.
Chinese invention patent CN101664708 discloses a kind of novel magnetic liner plate of ball mill, comprise matrix, abrasion-proof backing block, composite pole group and caking agent, on the matrix inwall abrasion-proof backing block is set, be provided with cavity in the abrasion-proof backing block, the composite pole group is bonded in the cavity of abrasion-proof backing block by caking agent, the composite pole group is that homopolarity is arranged along the ball mill barrel axial direction due, along the ball mill barrel circumferential direction is N, S alternately arranges, abrasion-proof backing block adopts special ZG80Mn15Cr4 casting, the composite pole group is made up of high performance ferrite material and high performance alloys magnet steel, and caking agent adopts the blue type material of U.S.'s good fortune generation to make.This invention liner plate cost height, and caking agent dependence on import are unfavorable for promoting the use of on large-size ball mill.
Chinese invention patent CN101623746 also discloses a kind of method that prevents the ball grinding machine lining board fracture, is suitable for the liner plate transformation to existing ball mill, and purpose is to improve the ball grinding machine lining board yield strength; The high manganese steel material that contains metallic elements such as Cr, Mo is adopted in this invention, as ZGMn13Cr2Mo, ZG32Mn9SiCr2MoRe or ZGMn9Cr2ReSi; Make end lining of a ball mill plate, shell liner and grid liner plate by lost-foam casting method, liner plate behind the casting is also needed to heat-treat before installing and using: earlier liner plate is gone into stove and be heated to 200 ℃～300 ℃, be incubated 1～2 hour, be 40 ℃～50 ℃/hour by speed then and be warmed up to 650 ℃～680 ℃; Be incubated 4.5～5 hours; Continue to be warmed up to 1060 ℃～1090 ℃ by 60 ℃～70 ℃/hour again, be incubated 3.0～4.0 hours; Liner plate is taken out from stove, put into water and carry out the tough processing of water, put into tempering stove, be 40 ℃～50 ℃/hour by speed and be heated to 300～350 ℃, be incubated 6～8 hours, cool off with 1.5～2.5min/mm speed then; Liner plate tempering charging temperature is controlled at below 150 ℃.This invention matrix is still austenite, uses to be difficult for producing tangible work hardening in ball mill, and work-ing life is shorter.
Chinese invention patent CN101054652 also discloses a kind of ball grinding machine lining board chemical ingredients (weight percent): C 0.6-0.8%, Si 0.3-0.8%, Mn 0.3-0.8%, Cr 2.0-4.5%, Ni 0.2-2.0%, Mo 0.1-0.8 %, S＜0.04%, P＜0.04%, surplus are Fe.Its manufacturing process is: ball grinding machine lining board is heated to 860-960 ℃, be incubated 2-3 hour, quench then and cool off in the entry, its temperature is descended fast, when workpiece surface temperature drops to 580-680 ℃, from water, take out, the air hollow in forced convection is chilled to room temperature again, carry out 480-520 ℃ of tempering afterwards, naturally cooling gets product.Crackle very easily appears in the ball grinding machine lining board carbon content height of this invention during shrend.
Chinese invention patent CN1932066 also discloses Heavy-alloyed ball mill lining board steel of low carbon and its preparation method, it is characterized in that described liner plate steel alloying constituent by weight percentage is: C:0.15～0.30%, Cr:5.0～10.0%, Ni:0～1.5%, Mn:0.5～1.7%, Mo:0～1.5%, RE:0～0.8%, Ti:0～1.0%, Si:0～1.6%, P:0.01～0.045%, S:0.01～0.045%; Other metals and non-metallic element total amount are no more than 3%; Surplus is Fe.This invention has good wear resistance under the Working environment of wet-grinding machine liner plate, but contains expensive alloy element such as nickel, molybdenum, cost height.
Chinese invention patent CN1923372 also discloses a kind of manufacturing process that is used for the composite abrasion-proof inner plate of ball mill, concrete steps are as follows: draw nanostructured metal silk, processing wire, determine to tighten size of outer tube, fixing metal silk, cut multiple-unit tube, process the liner plate framework, weld Luo Shuantao, place multiple-unit tube, tile and weld the composite abrasion-proof inner plate that i.e. processing and manufacturing becomes liner plate framework and multiple-unit tube and dividing plate to combine closely.Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention has given full play to the various advantages such as high tenacity, high strength, high abrasion and low price of nano structure metal materials, solved the problem that common alloy lining will consume a large amount of non-ferrous metals, and improve an order of magnitude than common material liner plate work-ing life.This invented technology complexity, safety in utilization is poor on large-size ball mill.
Chinese invention patent CN101173343 also discloses a kind of high-strength abrasion-proof cast steel lining board and manufacture method thereof, its chemical ingredients of liner plate is (weight %): 0.25-0.45 C, 1.0-1.8 Si, 1.0-2.0 Mn, 0.8-1.5 Cr, 0.003-0.008 B, 0.02-0.08 Al, 0.04-0.15 Ti, 0.02-0.10 La, 0.02-0.10 Ce, 0.02-0.08 Ba, 0.02-0.10 Ca, all the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity, 3.5＜Si+Mn+Cr＜4.5,0.05＜La+Ce＜0.18 wherein.This invention liner plate utilizes electric furnace just can produce, and adopts sand mold casting, liner plate tensile strength height, reach 1450-1600MPa, hardness reaches 50-55HRC, has good wear resistance, and impelling strength reaches 65-80J/cm2, do not rupture in the use, do not peel off, use properties obviously is better than the Mn13 high manganese steel lining plate, and production technique is simple, with the steel cuttings is main raw material, thereby production cost is low.But this invention liner plate hardening capacity is lower, should not make the large-size ball mill liner plate.
Chinese invention patent 1109106 also discloses a kind of bainite nodular cast iron lining plate for ball mill, the composition of this invention liner plate is: 3.4～3.8%C, 2.5～3.5%Si, 1.5～2.5%Mn, P≤0.1%, S≤0.03%, 0.03～0.08%Mg, 0.02～0.07%Re, surplus is Fe.This invention liner plate with following thermal treatment process to obtain the tissue of bainite.820 ~ 920 ℃ are incubated 2 ~ 8 hours, are 9 ~ 14 at pH value then, and proportion is to quench in the interior sodium salt of 1.0 ~ 1.8 scopes or the sylvite aqueous solution.This invention liner plate fragility is bigger, makes large-size ball mill liner plate poor stability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large-size ball mill liner plate and heat treating method thereof, its production technique is easy, with low cost, dependable performance, the safe in utilization and long service life with the liner plate of its production.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of large-size ball mill liner plate and heat treating method thereof, and the chemical composition mass percent of this liner plate is: 0.26 ~ 0.35C, 3.5 ~ 4.2Cr, 2.8 ~ 3.2Mn, 1.2 ~ 1.5Si, 0.002 ~ 0.005B, 0.05 ~ 0.10Ti, 0.04 ~ 0.08Zr, 0.15 ~ 0.25V, 0.30 ~ 0.40Nb, 0.05 ~ 0.10Ba, 0.02 ~ 0.06Ca, 0.08 ~ 0.12RE, 0 ~ 0.03S, 0 ~ 0.04P, surplus is Fe.
Liner plate electrosmelting of the present invention, its manufacturing technology steps is:
1) at first with steel scrap and the fusing of ferrochrome Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferrosilicon, when being warming up to 1560 ~ 1600 ℃, add aluminium deoxidation, add ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and calsibar alloy then successively, the stokehold be adjusted to branch qualified after, liquid steel temperature is risen to 1600 ~ 1620 ℃, come out of the stove after skimming;
2) ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium are crushed to the fritter that granularity is 3 ~ 8mm, tight with the stalloy parcel, to wait to tap 40 ~ 60% o'clock, ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium that parcel is good pour casting ladle with molten steel;
3) rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8 ~ 12mm, after 160 ~ 200 ℃ of oven dry, places the casting ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth with pouring method in the bag;
4) adopt the arbitrary method in clay-bonded sand casting, lost foam casting and three kinds of methods of cold setresin sand mold casting to pour into a mould liner plate, the pouring molten steel temperature is 1520 ~ 1560 ℃;
5) unpacking air cooling liner plate behind cast 8 ~ 10 h, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr;
6) liner plate directly carries out quenching heat treatment under non-machining state, the as cast condition liner plate is heated to 880 ~ 950 ℃, behind insulation 3 ~ 5 h, in being lower than 80 ℃ quenching oil, temperature cools off 1 ~ 2 h, mass ratio 〉=the 10:1 of quenching oil and liner plate is heated to liner plate 200 ~ 230 ℃ at last, behind insulation 6 ~ 10h, air cooling is to room temperature, the liner plate use of can directly installing.
The present invention in the Chrome metal powder cast steel, adds manganese element in middle carbon, improve liner plate hardening capacity, in addition, adds the trace B element and has both helped improving cast steel liner plate hardening capacity, also helps and obtains the part bainite structure, improves liner plate obdurability and wear resistance.On this basis, add elements such as trace amount of titanium, zirconium, niobium, vanadium, barium, calcium and rare earth, further thinning solidification structure, the obdurability and the wear resistance of raising liner plate.After the quenching heat treatment, can obtain martensite-bainite-austenite complex tissue, and the NbC particle that uniform distribution is tiny in the matrix, guarantee that liner plate has excellent use properties.
The performance of alloy material is by the metallographic structure decision, and certain tissue depends on chemical ingredients and thermal treatment process, and chemical ingredients of the present invention is to determine like this:
Carbon: carbon content increases in the steel, and yield-point and tensile strength raise, but plasticity and impelling strength reduce.Carbon content is crossed when hanging down, and the castability of cast steel is poor, and carbon content is too high, has cast in the heat treatment process easy to crack.Therefore, suitable carbon add-on is 0.26 ~ 0.35% in the ball mill wearing liner plate.
Chromium: chromium can significantly improve intensity, hardness, hardening capacity and the wear resistance of steel, but reduces plasticity and toughness simultaneously.Add the chromium major part and enter matrix in ball mill wearing liner plate, improve matrix hardening capacity, small additions of chromium can form tiny Cr
23C
6The type carbide is uniformly distributed in matrix, helps the raising of liner plate wear resistance, and suitable chromium add-on is 3.5 ~ 4.2%.
Manganese: in steelmaking process, manganese is good reductor and sweetening agent, contains manganese 0.30 ~ 0.50% in the general steel.Manganese is the element that enlarges the austenitic area, can obviously improve the hardening capacity of steel, it is in order to obtain the austenite and the bainite structure of part high tenacity in quenching structure that the present invention adds more manganese element, the manganese too high levels, retained austenite is too much in the quenching structure, be unfavorable for improving the wear resistance of liner plate, suitable manganese add-on is 2.8 ~ 3.2%.
Silicon: add silicon as reductive agent and reductor in steelmaking process, killed steel generally contains the silicon of 0.15-0.30%.Silicon forms sosoloid in steel, can play the effect of solution strengthening, helps improving the intensity of steel, but the silicon solid solution reduces matrix plasticity behind matrix, and silicon reduces hardening capacity, impel the formation perlite easily, influence material wear ability, suitable silicon add-on is 1.2 ~ 1.5%.
Boron: the boron that adds trace in the steel just can improve the hardening capacity and the compactness of steel, improves intensity.In addition, in steel, under the manganese content condition with higher, add trace B, easily promote the good bainite structure of obdurability to occur in the quenching structure, but the crisp phenomenon of boron easily takes place in the boron too high levels, reduce cast steel toughness significantly, influence the safe handling of liner plate, suitable boron content is 0.002 ~ 0.005%.
Titanium: titanium can make the dense internal organization of steel, crystal grain thinning, and the obdurability and the wear resistance of raising cast steel liner plate, the titanium add-on is too much, is prone to thick TiC particle, reduces the intensity and the toughness of steel on the contrary, and suitable titanium content is 0.05 ~ 0.10%.
Zirconium: zirconium is the strong carbide forming element, adds in the cast steel, easily forms the ZrC particle that the high-melting-point disperse distributes, and ZrC can be used as the crystallization nuclei of nascent δ phase, promotes the obvious refinement of crystal grain, and suitable add-on is 0.04 ~ 0.08%.
Vanadium: but add an amount of vanadium crystal grain thinning in the steel, improving intensity and toughness, the vanadium solid solution can obviously improve matrix strength in matrix, improves the cast steel wear resistance.But the price of vanadium is higher, and suitable add-on should be controlled at 0.15 ~ 0.25%.
Niobium: the superheated susceptivity and the temper brittleness of niobium energy crystal grain thinning and reduction steel improve intensity, but plasticity and toughness descend to some extent.Add an amount of niobium in abrasion-proof cast steel lining board, can also form a large amount of tiny NbC uniform particles and be distributed on the matrix, help improving the hardness and the wear resistance of cast steel liner plate, suitable niobium add-on is 0.30 ~ 0.40%.
Calcium: calcium and oxygen have very big avidity, and the deoxidizing capacity of calcium is very strong, and calcium has good degassing effect to molten steel.Calcium also has remarkable effect to inclusion in the cast steel rotten, add an amount of calcium and can change the strip sulfide inclusion in the Alloy Cast Steel liner plate into globular CaS or (Ca, Mn) S is mingled with, an amount of calcium also significantly reduces sulphur poly-partially at crystal boundary, and hot-cracking resistance was very useful when calcium was cast reducing Alloy Cast Steel liner plate fragility and improving the Alloy Cast Steel liner plate.To make that inclusion increases in the Alloy Cast Steel liner plate but add too much calcium, it is unfavorable that alloy cast steel liner plate flexible is improved, and suitable calcium contents is 0.02 ~ 0.06%.
Barium: barium is good reductor, adds in the wearable cast steel, but cleaning molten steel, the intensity and the toughness of raising abrasion-proof cast steel lining board are guaranteed the liner plate safe handling, suitable add-on is 0.05 ~ 0.10%.
Rare earth: rare earth has the effect of desulfurization, degasification to abrasion-proof cast steel lining board, makes that sulfide inclusion reduces in the steel, and the impelling strength of steel is improved.The fine particle of rare earth and liquid reactant metal generation simultaneously, the forming core effect with accelerated solidification.The surfactivity rare earth element forms the adatom film at the mobile plane of crystal, reduces the speed of mobile ion.The fusing point of rare earth is low in addition, and atomic radius is big, is strong constitutional supercooling element in the abrasion-proof cast steel lining board process of setting, because its equilibrium constant K
0Much smaller than 1, macrosegregation will take place in process of setting, be enriched in the melt of primary austenite growth front by the solute reallocation, cause bigger constitutional supercooling, help the repeatedly branch of austenite dendrites and reducing of dendrite interval.The as cast condition crystal grain of these property refinement abrasion-proof cast steel lining boards of rare earth element limits the dentrite segregation, improves the obdurability of abrasion-proof cast steel lining board.Rare earth adding quantity is too much, is prone to inclusion, and suitable rare earth adding quantity is 0.08 ~ 0.12%.
Sulphur and phosphorus: inevitably trace impurity is to bring in the raw material, and sulphur and phosphorus are wherein arranged, and all is harmful elements, and intensity, toughness and wear resistance in order to guarantee liner plate are controlled at phosphorus content below 0.04%, and sulphur content is controlled at below 0.03%.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1) abrasion-proof cast steel lining board hardening capacity of the present invention is good, and depth of hardening zone is greater than 120 mm;
2) abrasion-proof cast steel lining board matrix of the present invention is martensite-bainite-austenite complex tissue, wherein the bainite volume fraction reaches 28 ~ 35%, the austenite volume fraction reaches 12 ~ 15%, and all the other are lath martensites, has good obdurability and excellent abrasive;
3) be uniform-distribution with the tiny Cr of particle size on the abrasion-proof cast steel lining board matrix of the present invention
23C
6With the NbC particle, can obviously improve the liner plate wear resistance;
4) abrasion-proof cast steel lining board of the present invention does not contain alloying elements such as expensive molybdenum, nickel, low production cost;
Abrasion-proof cast steel lining board intensity of the present invention and hardness height, wherein hardness is greater than 52 HRC, and tensile strength is greater than 1500 Mpa, and toughness and wear resistance are good, wherein
α KUGreater than 30 J/cm
2Use on large-size ball mill, improve 220 ~ 245% than ZGMn13Cr2 liner plate its work-ing life, and production cost only improves 20 ~ 25%.Use liner plate of the present invention can improve the ball mill operating rate, alleviate labor strength, reduce the improved grinding cost, have remarkable economical and social benefit.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of large-size ball mill liner plate and heat treating method thereof, the chemical composition mass percent of this liner plate is: 0.27%C, 4.18%Cr, 2.97%Mn, 1.23%Si, 0.004%B, 0.09%Ti, 0.05%Zr, 0.24%V, 0.3%Nb, 0.07%Ba, 0.03%Ca, 0.11%RE, 0.021%S, 0.037%P, surplus is Fe.
With 1000 kilograms of medium-frequency induction furnace melting abrasion-proof cast steel lining board materials, its melting, casting and heat treatment process are as follows:
1) at first with steel scrap and the fusing of ferrochrome Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferrosilicon, when being warming up to 1563 ℃, add aluminium deoxidation, add ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and calsibar alloy then successively, the stokehold be adjusted to branch qualified after, liquid steel temperature is risen to 1606 ℃, come out of the stove after skimming;
2) ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium are crushed to the fritter that granularity is 5mm, tight with the stalloy parcel, to tap 40% o'clock, ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium that parcel is good pour casting ladle with molten steel;
3) rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8mm, after 160 ℃ of oven dry, places the casting ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth with pouring method in the bag;
4) adopt lost-foam casting method cast liner plate, 1558 ℃ of pouring molten steel temperature;
5) unpacking air cooling liner plate behind cast 8 h, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr;
6) liner plate directly carries out quenching heat treatment under non-machining state, and the as cast condition liner plate is heated to 950 ℃, be incubated 3 h after, be lower than cooling 2 h in 80 ℃ the quenching oil, the mass ratio 〉=10:1 of quenching oil and liner plate in temperature.Be heated to 200 ℃ at last, behind the insulation 10h, air cooling is to room temperature, the liner plate use of can directly installing.
Its mechanical property of liner plate that adopts the embodiment of the invention 1 to produce is as follows: hardness/HRC is 52.4, tensile strength/Mpa is 1530, impact toughness
α KU(J/cm
2) be 35.7.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of large-size ball mill liner plate and heat treating method thereof, the chemical composition mass percent of this liner plate is: 0.3%C, 3.8%Cr, 3.20%Mn, 1.49%Si, 0.002%B, 0.05%Ti, 0.04%Zr, 0.17%V, 0.39%Nb, 0.06%Ba, 0.06%Ca, 0.10%RE, 0.026%S, 0.033%P, surplus is Fe.
With 1500 kilograms of medium-frequency induction furnace melting abrasion-proof cast steel lining board materials, its melting, casting and heat treatment process are as follows:
1) at first with steel scrap and the fusing of ferrochrome Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferrosilicon, when being warming up to 1595 ℃, add aluminium deoxidation, add ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and calsibar alloy then successively, the stokehold be adjusted to branch qualified after, liquid steel temperature is risen to 1518 ℃, come out of the stove after skimming;
2) ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium are crushed to the fritter that granularity is 4mm, tight with the stalloy parcel, to tap 60% o'clock, ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium that parcel is good pour casting ladle with molten steel;
3) rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 9mm, after 200 ℃ of oven dry, places the casting ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth with pouring method in the bag;
4) adopt clay-bonded sand castmethod cast liner plate, 1548 ℃ of pouring molten steel temperature;
5) unpacking air cooling liner plate behind cast 10 h, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr;
6) liner plate directly carries out quenching heat treatment under non-machining state, and the as cast condition liner plate is heated to 880 ℃, be incubated 5 h after, be lower than cooling 1 h in 80 ℃ the quenching oil, the mass ratio 〉=10:1 of quenching oil and liner plate in temperature.Be heated to 230 ℃ at last, be incubated 6 h after, air cooling is to room temperature, the liner plate use of can directly installing.
Its mechanical property of liner plate that adopts the embodiment of the invention 2 to produce is as follows: hardness/HRC is 53.1, tensile strength/Mpa is 1545, impact toughness
α KU(J/cm
2) be 34.9.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of large-size ball mill liner plate and heat treating method thereof, the chemical composition mass percent of this liner plate is: 0.35%C, 3.51%Cr, 2.84%Mn, 1.36%Si, 0.005%B, 0.08%Ti, 0.08%Zr, 0.21%V, 0.36%Nb, 0.09%Ba, 0.05%Ca, 0.08%RE, 0.025%S, 0.038%P, surplus is Fe.
With 1500 kilograms of medium-frequency induction furnace melting abrasion-proof cast steel lining board materials, its melting, casting and heat treatment process are as follows:
1) at first with steel scrap and the fusing of ferrochrome Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferrosilicon, when being warming up to 1577 ℃, add aluminium deoxidation, add ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and calsibar alloy then successively, the stokehold be adjusted to branch qualified after, liquid steel temperature is risen to 1612 ℃, come out of the stove after skimming;
2) ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium are crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8mm, tight with the stalloy parcel, to tap 53% o'clock, ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium that parcel is good pour casting ladle with molten steel;
3) rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 12mm, after 180 ℃ of oven dry, places the casting ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth with pouring method in the bag;
4) adopt cold setresin sand mold casting method cast liner plate, 1527 ℃ of pouring molten steel temperature;
5) unpacking air cooling liner plate behind cast 9 h, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr;
6) liner plate directly carries out quenching heat treatment under non-machining state, and the as cast condition liner plate is heated to 920 ℃, be incubated 4 h after, be lower than cooling 1.5 h in 80 ℃ the quenching oil, the mass ratio 〉=10:1 of quenching oil and liner plate in temperature.Be heated to 220 ℃ at last, be incubated 8 h after, air cooling is to room temperature, the liner plate use of can directly installing.
Its mechanical property of liner plate that adopts the embodiment of the invention 3 to produce is as follows: hardness/HRC is 53.6, tensile strength/Mpa is 1580, impact toughness
α KU(J/cm
2) be 32.6.
The characteristics such as abrasion-proof cast steel lining board of the present invention has that intensity and hardness height, quenching degree are good, hardened depth and good toughness, and be uniform-distribution with the tiny Cr of particle size on the abrasion-proof cast steel lining board matrix23C
6With the NbC particle, can obviously improve the liner plate wearability. Liner plate of the present invention is successfully tried out on φ 2.8m, φ 3.2m and φ 3.6m large-size ball mill, be used for grinding iron ore, liner plate uses safety, reliable, do not have to peel off with phenomenon of rupture in the use and occur, improve 220% ~ 245% than ZGMn13Cr2 liner plate service life, and production cost only improves 20% ~ 25%. Use liner plate of the present invention can improve the ball mill operating rate, alleviate labor strength, reduce material and grind cost, have significant economic and social benefit.
Claims (2)
1. large-size ball mill liner plate and heat treating method thereof is characterized in that the chemical composition mass percent of this liner plate is: 0.26 ~ 0.35C, 3.5 ~ 4.2Cr, 2.8 ~ 3.2Mn, 1.2 ~ 1.5Si, 0.002 ~ 0.005B, 0.05 ~ 0.10Ti, 0.04 ~ 0.08Zr, 0.15 ~ 0.25V, 0.30 ~ 0.40Nb, 0.05 ~ 0.10Ba, 0.02 ~ 0.06Ca, 0.08 ~ 0.12RE, 0 ~ 0.03S, 0 ~ 0.04P, surplus is Fe.
2. according to said large-size ball mill liner plate of claim 1 and heat treating method thereof, it is characterized in that this liner plate produces with electric furnace, its processing step is: 1) at first with steel scrap and the fusing of ferrochrome Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferrosilicon, when being warming up to 1560 ~ 1600 ℃, adds aluminium deoxidation, add ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and calsibar alloy then successively, the stokehold be adjusted to branch qualified after, liquid steel temperature is risen to 1600 ~ 1620 ℃, come out of the stove after skimming; 2) ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium are crushed to the fritter that granularity is 3 ~ 8mm, tight with the stalloy parcel, to wait to tap 40 ~ 60% o'clock, ferro-boron and silicon-zirconium that parcel is good pour casting ladle with molten steel; 3) rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8 ~ 12mm, after 160 ~ 200 ℃ of oven dry, places the casting ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth with pouring method in the bag; 4) adopt the arbitrary method in clay-bonded sand casting, lost foam casting and three kinds of methods of cold setresin sand mold casting to pour into a mould liner plate, the pouring molten steel temperature is 1520 ~ 1560 ℃; 5) unpacking air cooling liner plate behind cast 8 ~ 10 h, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr; 6) liner plate directly carries out quenching heat treatment under non-machining state, the as cast condition liner plate is heated to 880 ~ 950 ℃, behind insulation 3 ~ 5h, in being lower than 80 ℃ quenching oil, temperature cools off 1 ~ 2 h, mass ratio 〉=the 10:1 of quenching oil and liner plate is heated to liner plate 200 ~ 230 ℃ at last, behind insulation 6 ~ 10h, air cooling is to room temperature, the liner plate use of can directly installing.
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| CN201010573824XA CN101988174A (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Large-scale ball mill liner and heat treatment method thereof |
| PCT/CN2011/083494 WO2012075919A1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2011-12-06 | Lining board for large-scale ball mill and method for heat treatment thereof |
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