CN101973816A - Multi-element decomposable coated slow/controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-element decomposable coated slow/controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers and specifically relates to a multi-element decomposable coated slow/controlled release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The multi-element decomposable coated slow/controlled release fertilizer comprises: a, a multi-element coated slow/controlled release compound fertilizer, and b, multi-element sulfur coated slow/controlled release urea; a is prepared from nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, a compound fertilizer, sulfur, paraffin, and secondary and trace elements such as zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese and boron; b is prepared from the same raw materials of a except that the compound fertilizer is replaced by urea. The preparation method comprises the step of spraying the liquid sulfur and secondarily spraying the paraffin to carry out coating treatment, and has the characteristics of controlling the nutrient release rate, improving the fertilizer utilization rate, providing the effective nutrient sulfur to the plants to benefit the absorption of the crop, solving the technical difficulties that the traditional coated slow/controlled release fertilizer secondarily pollutes the soil and the nutrient release rate of the slow/controlled release fertilizer is identical to the crop growth fertilizer absorption rule, ensuring the content of each element and the coating thickness requirement, achieving the residual-free effect of the coating material in the soil, and lightening the labor intensity since fertilizer application is not needed.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to fertilizer field, relating to a kind of multielement specifically can decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and compound method thereof.
Background technology:
At present, the sustained-controll-release fertiliser that occurs on the fertilizer market mainly contains following several types: the stable nitrogenous fertilizer, organic synthesis slow-releasing nitrogenous fertilizer, high polymer film-coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and the Envelope type slow-release or control-release fertilizer that contain nitrification inhibitor;
(1) contains the stable nitrogenous fertilizer of nitrification inhibitor; What inhibition urine enzyme and nitrating agent were selected for use usually is quinhydrones and two hydrogen ammonia, its major function is that the nitrogen that suppresses urea conversion and nitrifying process decreases, reduce the gaseous loss that causes in leaching loss and the denitrification process, have certain effect to prolonging fertilizer efficiency, the history of this type of fertilizer development is longer, but do not form leading product all the time, novel high efficiency nitrification inhibitor costs an arm and a leg, and life-time service has detrimentally affect to the rhizosphere microecosystem;
(2) organic synthesis slightly soluble attitude slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, this is the slow and the controlled availability fertilizer of early stage research, comprise the aldehyde common organic nitrogenous fertilizers of a class such as urea element, oxamyl, IBDU that contract, the nutrient of this class fertilizer discharges slowly, can improve utilization rate of fertilizer effectively, but nutrient release rate is subjected to the influence of all kinds of factors such as soil moisture, pH, microorganism, the possibility of artificial adjustment is little, its commodity price is also very high, and market development speed is slow;
(3) high polymer film-coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer, this fertilizer has entered large-scale production, controlled-release effect is better, the nutrient of fertilizer discharges and mainly is subjected to Temperature Influence, the other factors influence is less, it is required to realize that interior single fertilization of crop growth phase satisfies crop alimentary, obviously reduced labor capacity, enhance productivity, but the relative production cost height of this product, market are difficult to accept, and this product is a coated fertilizer owing to having adopted polymer on the other hand, and polymer generally needs 30-50 to degrade in soil, so there is the secondary pollution problem to soil again in this technology;
(4) inorganic parcel class sustained-controll-release fertiliser; As to wrap Thio Urea be inorganic parcel class sustained-controll-release fertiliser, have characteristics with fertilizer bag fertilizer, but after being manured into soil, be subjected to moisture, the particularly influence of factor such as microorganism, do not reach the fertile standard of slow control, though the fertilizer effect that above-mentioned fertilizer can both play, increase the amount of application of chemical fertilizer, output is improved, but outside the happiness of high yield, problem of environmental pollution is troubling, volatilization, the leaching loss of the available nutrient of soil have reduced fertilizer utilization ratio, have not only caused the serious waste of resource, but also soil, water system ecotope have been caused certain pollution; That forms for many years only payes attention to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in addition, in thinking little of, trace element make fertile custom, middle trace element in the soil is fewer and feweri, causes soil fertility to descend nutrient imbalance, brought the certain economic loss, the arable land fertility occurs and descended, caused trace element in most of regional soil famine, molybdenum occurred lacking in the part soil, corn lacks zinc, and fruit tree boron deficiency, Southern Red Soil a lack of sulfur make crop can not well absorb nitrogenous fertilizer; Manganese deficiency in the soil, nutrient can not smooth delivery of power in crop inside; Middle crop plant is short and small, pestalotiopsis funerea on the corn crop has appearred, problems such as grey leaf disease, and on the part farm crop, trace element deficiency have become the bottleneck of the factor and the performance farm crop benefit of restriction crop yield, because the surface water eutrophication has appearred in improper fertilization, nitrate nitrogen content exceeds standard in underground water and the vegetables, environmental pollution and food-safety problems such as the increase of nitrous oxide emission amount, because the combined influence of fertilizer character and edatope condition, utilization rate of fertilizer is low to be that chemical fertilizer uses upward ubiquitous significant problem, therefore, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, give full play to the fertilizer combined effect, alleviate environmental pollution, the exploitation multielement can have profound significance by decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of slow controlled-release compound fertilizer of multielement coating and multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release urea that adopts spraying Molten sulphur, secondary spraying paraffin wax to carry out the different thickness of coating processing, reach coated fertilizer noresidue in soil, thoroughly solve the conventional bag sustained controlling fertile exist can decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and compound method thereof to a kind of multielement of soil secondary pollution problem, to overcome above-mentioned deficiency.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme:
A kind of multielement can decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and compound method thereof, comprises two kinds of a, the slow controlled-release compound fertilizer of multielement coating and b, multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release ureas, it is characterized in that: respectively contain:
A, wherein the slow controlled-release compound fertilizer of multielement coating is formulated by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, compound fertilizer, sulphur, paraffin wax, middle trace element zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese, boron, wherein each group is respectively by weight percentage: nitrogen phosphorus potassium 15-15-15 production formula is: fertile 760 kilograms of 15-15-15 compound, 150 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element are: 12 kilograms on zinc, 8 kilograms in magnesium, 1 kilogram of copper, 9 kilograms in manganese, 10 kilograms of boron, prepare by following step and method:
The present invention with nitrogen phosphorus potassium 15-15-15 production formula is: fertile 760 kilograms of 15-15-15 compound, 150 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 12 kilograms on zinc, 8 kilograms in magnesium, 1 kilogram of copper, 9 kilograms in manganese, 10 kilograms of boron, middle trace element adds at the raw material mixed processes of production of compound fertilizer, produce multi-element complex mixed fertilizer, fertilizer of the present invention is carried out coating with melt liquid sulphur to be handled, and then carry out the secondary coating with melt paraffin and seal processing, the heating that circulates of closed circulation thermal oil has all been adopted in the fusion of sulphur of the present invention and paraffin wax, and this equipment expects that from former the ganging of products packing has all adopted DCS to control automatically;
But a kind of multielement decomposition type coated controlled release composite fertilizer blending process is: hot blast-operation break-down-CS control-buffering-moving metering-coating operation-heat-conducting oil furnace-fusion-preheating procedure-sieve-melt device-air inducing control of dust preface-paraffin-composite fertilizer-clout-emptying-air-both multielement coating of the present invention delay the controlled-release compound fertilizer product;
B, wherein multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release urea is by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, urea, sulphur, paraffin wax, zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese, boron is formulated, it is characterized in that: wherein each group is respectively by weight percentage: nitrogen phosphorus potassium: the 36-0-0 production formula is: 780 kilograms in urea, 130 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 13 kilograms on zinc, 7 kilograms in magnesium, 2 kilograms of copper, 10 kilograms in manganese, 8 kilograms of boron, with nitrogen phosphorus potassium: the 36-0-0 production formula is: 780 kilograms in urea, 130 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 13 kilograms on zinc, 7 kilograms in magnesium, 2 kilograms of copper, 10 kilograms in manganese, 8 kilograms of boron, the granular urea screening enters DCS control metering system after removing impurity, material after electronic belt scale metering enters the pre-heating kiln of rotary drum and forms the material warm air following current that comes with hotblast stove behind the scenes and carries out heat exchange and make the material preheating, and then enter the rotary drum coating machine, Molten sulphur is passed through many group injectors under 0.8 MPa pressure, being coated with coating and paraffin wax secondary coating handles, fertilizer behind the coating is through screening, automatic gauge packing back is product of the present invention, solid sulfur heat-conducting oil heating fusion, in, trace element adds in the sulfur melting tank after metering, under churned mechanically effect, form low temperature eutectic with Molten sulphur, sulphur eutectic and paraffin wax enter shower nozzle through the DCS Controlling System respectively, are uniformly coated on the top layer of granular urea;
Slow controlled release bag Thio Urea compounding process is: hot blast-screening operation-DCS control-buffering-automatic gauge-coating operation-heat-conducting oil furnace-fusion-preheating procedure-screening-melting device-air inducing control of dust preface-paraffin-urea-clout-emptying-air-and both must multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release urea product of the present invention.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Multielement of the present invention can decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer except that having N, P that crop production needs, K, also be rich in the trace element that a large amount of crop production needs, to the production of crop with prevent that the part disease and pest from playing certain prophylactic effect, increasing both production and income to crop lays a good foundation, in this fertiliser production process, regulate the different thickness of sulphur, paraffin spraying coating, can control the rate of release of nutrient, there are not difficult degradation elements such as high molecular polymer, help the absorption of crop, keep the cleaning in soil;
The invention belongs to added on the basis of original compound (closing) fertilizer on market the various crop growth needs in, trace element, the sulfur coating controlled release nutrients discharges simultaneously, helps applying fertilizers scientifically balance fertilizing, represented the new developing direction of compound (closing) fertilizer, drive with industry;
When the present invention adopts macromolecule resin to do the coating agent, because macromolecular material needs 30-50 to degrade in soil, to some extent soil has been produced secondary pollution, it is coated fertilizer that the present invention adopts sulphur, just can in soil, not produce the composition of not degrading for a long time, sulphur can also play sterilization in soil simultaneously, improves soil water permeability, the effect of activation residual soil nutrient;
The present invention because controlled release nutrients needs progressively to discharge with crop, has prevented nutrient loss for sulfur coating controlled release fertilizer, and the minimizing nutrient runs off in a large number and causes secondary pollution;
Discharge because the present invention controls nutrient, can make fertilizer of a season crop applying, can satisfy whole growth crop nutrition content in season needs, save fertilizer, save man-hour, alleviate fertilising labour intensity, obvious social benefit.
Innovative point of the present invention is:
1, the present invention according to different zones fertilizer provision from soil performance, in conjunction with the Different Crop regulation of fertilizer requirement, increase in, trace element carries out formulated, then multi-elements composite fertilizer or granular urea are sprayed Molten sulphur and secondary spraying paraffin wax is handled coating, can decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and multielement controlled-release compound fertilizer or the slow controlled release bag Thio Urea product of multielement decomposition type but produce a kind of multielement;
2, sulphur is a kind of material that is insoluble in water among the present invention, in soil, can play germicidal action, improve the water-permeable of soil, the activating soil nutrient, therefore the present invention, can not only control nutrient and discharge as coated fertilizer with sulphur, improves chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, after the bacterium differentiation, can also provide effective nutrient sulfur element for plant;
3, the present invention for slow down sulphur in soil by the bacterium rate of differentiation, the release and the farm crop that reach fertilizer nutrient need fertile consistent, carrying out the secondary coating with paraffin wax handles, to reduce the contact interface of sulphur and soil, and, regulate and control its decomposition and sustained release rate according to different membrane wrapping thicknesses, make it reach the purpose of fertilizer controlled release, coated fertilizer of the present invention noresidue in soil has solved the secondary pollution problem to soil of conventional bag sustained controlling fertilizer;
4, encapsulation tool of the present invention adopts rotary drum coating coating machine, sulphur, paraffin wax fusion operation adopt circulating heat-conducting oil furnace and have designed many groups coating injector, can realize serialization production, boost productivity, reduce production costs, equipment energy consumption in process of production is low, does not have " three wastes " pollutant emission, belongs to process for cleanly preparing;
5, the present invention has all adopted comparatively advanced DCS Controlling System to raw material metering, coating quantity for spray, fertilizer metering packing, and stable operation has guaranteed the design requirements of the content and the membrane wrapping thickness of each element.
6, product surface of the present invention is beige, nutrient is even, the practical physical performance is good, do not lump, be convenient to mechanized application, product can reach single fertilization, and to satisfy the nutrition of crop production cycle required, need not topdress, alleviated fertilising labour intensity, through field experiment with the comparing of equal size nutrient, can increase production 12.4%, obvious effect of increasing production, can be coated with the composite fertilizer of granular urea and Different Nutrients content, the production particle is big, the intensity height, non-caking multielement decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and bag Thio Urea, energy consumption is low in process of production, " three wastes " exhaust emission is light, reaches coated fertilizer noresidue in soil, thoroughly solve the conventional bag sustained controlling fertile exist to soil secondary pollution problem
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is that multielement of the present invention can decomposition type coated slow controlled-release compound fertilizer process flow sheet;
But Fig. 2 is a multielement decomposition type of the present invention delays controlled release bag Thio Urea Recipe schema:
Fig. 3 is film thickness of the present invention and controlled release fertilizer nutrient rate of release relation curve; Each line segment is expressed as follows among Fig. 3:
Fig. 4 is the portfolio ratio figure of same film thickness different-grain diameter granulated fertilizer of the present invention and the different film thicknesses of same particle size;
Each line segment is expressed as follows among Fig. 4:
Fig. 5 is a nutrient release rate graph of relation of the present invention; Each line segment is expressed as follows among Fig. 5:
Fig. 6 is the nitrogen rate of release figure of multielement coated carbamide of the present invention in the time of 25 ℃; Each line segment is expressed as follows among Fig. 7:
Embodiment:
Embodiment: a kind of multielement can decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and compound method thereof, comprises two kinds of a, the slow controlled-release compound fertilizer of multielement coating and b, multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release ureas, it is characterized in that: respectively contain:
A, wherein the slow controlled-release compound fertilizer of multielement coating is formulated by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, compound fertilizer, sulphur, paraffin wax, middle trace element zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese, boron, wherein each group is respectively by weight percentage: nitrogen phosphorus potassium 15-15-15 production formula is: fertile 760 kilograms of 15-15-15 compound, 150 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element are: 12 kilograms on zinc, 8 kilograms in magnesium, 1 kilogram of copper, 9 kilograms in manganese, 10 kilograms of boron, prepare by following step and method:
The present invention with nitrogen phosphorus potassium 15-15-15 production formula is: fertile 760 kilograms of 15-15-15 compound, 150 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 12 kilograms on zinc, 8 kilograms in magnesium, 1 kilogram of copper, 9 kilograms in manganese, 10 kilograms of boron, middle trace element adds at the raw material mixed processes of production of compound fertilizer, produce multi-element complex mixed fertilizer, fertilizer of the present invention is carried out coating with melt liquid sulphur to be handled, and then carry out the secondary coating with melt paraffin and seal processing, the heating that circulates of closed circulation thermal oil has all been adopted in the fusion of sulphur of the present invention and paraffin wax, and this equipment expects that from former the ganging of products packing has all adopted DCS to control automatically;
But a kind of multielement decomposition type coated controlled release composite fertilizer blending process is: hot blast-operation break-down-CS control-buffering-moving metering-coating operation-heat-conducting oil furnace-fusion-preheating procedure-sieve-melt device-air inducing control of dust preface-paraffin-composite fertilizer-clout-emptying-air-both multielement coating of the present invention delay the controlled-release compound fertilizer product; Production formula of the present invention is the regulation of fertilizer requirement according to Different Crop, the nutrient supplying capability energy of different soils, on basis, put forward by lab scale, pilot scale, but its technology is by above-mentioned prescription multielement decomposition type coated controlled release composite fertilizer prescription, and the production formula of this project also can carry out processing according to user's requirement.
B, wherein multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release urea is by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, urea, sulphur, paraffin wax, zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese, boron is formulated, it is characterized in that: wherein each group is respectively by weight percentage: nitrogen phosphorus potassium: the 36-0-0 production formula is: 780 kilograms in urea, 130 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 13 kilograms on zinc, 7 kilograms in magnesium, 2 kilograms of copper, 10 kilograms in manganese, 8 kilograms of boron, with nitrogen phosphorus potassium: the 36-0-0 production formula is: 780 kilograms in urea, 130 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 13 kilograms on zinc, 7 kilograms in magnesium, 2 kilograms of copper, 10 kilograms in manganese, 8 kilograms of boron, the granular urea screening enters DCS control metering system after removing impurity, material after electronic belt scale metering enters the pre-heating kiln of rotary drum and forms the material warm air following current that comes with hotblast stove behind the scenes and carries out heat exchange and make the material preheating, and then enter the rotary drum coating machine, Molten sulphur is passed through many group injectors under 0.8 MPa pressure, being coated with coating and paraffin wax secondary coating handles, fertilizer behind the coating is through screening, automatic gauge packing back is product of the present invention, solid sulfur heat-conducting oil heating fusion, in, trace element adds in the sulfur melting tank after metering, under churned mechanically effect, form low temperature eutectic with Molten sulphur, sulphur eutectic and paraffin wax enter nozzle specially used respectively through the DCS Controlling System, be uniformly coated on the top layer of granular urea;
Slow controlled release bag Thio Urea compounding process: hot blast-screening operation-DCS control-buffering-automatic gauge-coating operation-heat-conducting oil furnace-fusion-preheating procedure-screening-melting device-air inducing control of dust preface-paraffin-urea-clout-emptying-air-both must multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release urea product of the present invention.
The present invention's prescription is the regulation of fertilizer requirement according to Different Crop, the nutrient supplying capability energy of different soils, by adjusting film thickness, additive, the combination of different-grain diameter proportion of particles, reach slow-release or control-release fertilizer release peak and crop absorption peak are matched, on basis, put forward, but but its technical recipe sees Table 1 multielement decomposition type coated controlled release composite fertilizer prescription, the slow controlled release bag Thio Urea prescription of table 2 multielement decomposition type by lab scale, pilot scale.Production formula of the present invention also can carry out processing according to user's requirement.
The type selecting of encapsulation tool:
Traditional encapsulation tool often adopts boiling type solid fluidized-bed coating machine, and this equipment all is batch production generally, has restricted the performance of output, has improved this fertilizer cost;
The present invention has selected rotary drum coating coating machine for use, the characteristics of this equipment maximum are the composite fertilizers that can be coated with granular urea and Different Nutrients content, can be continuously produced, enhance productivity, can produce that particle is big, intensity is high, non-caking multielement decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and bag Thio Urea, and this equipment energy consumption is low in process of production, " three wastes " exhaust emission is light;
Establish material delivering plate in the rotary drum coating coating machine, the plate that gathers materials, pallet, make material particles under the effect of gravity, form material curtain uniformly, hot blast is fully contacted with it, under pressure, pass through many group injectors then, Molten sulphur and paraffin are coated on the particle surface equably, form certain thickness coating coating; The major equipment of coating operation of the present invention sees the following form 1:
Table 1 coating operation list of main equipment
| Title | Specification | Quantity | Remarks |
| Belted electronic balance | XY-PCS- |
1 | |
| Lift | TH400 | 1 | |
| Material preheater | ￠2800×200000 | 1 | |
| The rotary drum coating machine | BM2200 | 1 | |
| Centrifugal blower | 4-72? |
1 | Stainless steel impeller |
| Exhaust fan | 4-72?NO. |
1 | ||
| The heat conduction melting device | ￠2000×1500 | 2 | 316L | |
| Stir snubber | ￠1500×1500 | |||
| Heat-conducting | DRL4T | 1 | ||
| Vibrating screen classifier | 3500×1600 | 2 | ||
| The |
1 cover | |||
| The paraffin melter | ￠1200×1500 | 1 |
1, the technology that multielement can decomposition type coated slow controlled-releasing compounding fertilizer
The present invention with in multiple, trace element adds at the raw material mixed processes of production of compound fertilizer, produce multi-element complex mixed fertilizer, this fertilizer is carried out coating with melt liquid sulphur to be handled, and then carry out the secondary coating with melt paraffin and seal processing, the heating that circulates of closed circulation thermal oil has all been adopted in the fusion of sulphur of the present invention and paraffin wax, and this equipment expects that from former the ganging of products packing has all adopted DCS to control automatically.
Production formula of the present invention is the regulation of fertilizer requirement according to Different Crop, the nutrient supplying capability energy of different soils, on basis, put forward, but but its technical recipe sees Table 1 multielement decomposition type coated controlled release composite fertilizer prescription, the slow controlled release bag Thio Urea prescription of table 2 multielement decomposition type by lab scale, pilot scale.Production formula of the present invention also can carry out processing according to user's requirement.
Can the be decomposition type coated slow controlled-release compound fertilizer prescription of table 1 multielement unit: kilogram
Table 1
| Sequence number | (N:P2O5:K2O) | Compound fertilizer | Sulphur | Paraffin wax | Zinc | Magnesium | Copper | Manganese | Boron |
| 1 | 13-13-13 | 760 | JS1-1 | JS1-1 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
| 2 | 11-11-11 | 748 | JS1-2 | JS1-2 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 3 | 12-9-15 | 765 | JS1-3 | JS1-3 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 8 |
| 4 | 16-8-8 | 744 | JS1-4 | JS1-4 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 7 |
| 5 | 18-6-9 | 726 | JS1-5 | JS1-5 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 6 |
But the slow controlled release bag Thio Urea prescription of table 2 multielement decomposition type unit: kilogram
Table 2
But 2, the technical process of the slow controlled release bag Thio Urea of multielement decomposition type
To enter DCS control metering system behind the granular urea screening removal impurity, material after electronic belt scale metering enters the pre-heating kiln of rotary drum and forms the material warm air following current that comes with hotblast stove behind the scenes and carries out heat exchange and make the material preheating, and then enter the rotary drum coating machine, Molten sulphur is coated with coating by many groups of special injectors under pressure and paraffin wax secondary coating is handled, and the fertilizer behind the coating is finished product after screening, automatic gauge packing.
Solid sulfur heat-conducting oil heating fusion, in, trace element adds in the sulfur melting tank after metering, under churned mechanically effect, form low temperature eutectic with Molten sulphur, sulphur eutectic and paraffin wax enter nozzle specially used respectively through the DCS Controlling System, be uniformly coated on the top layer of granular urea; The present invention's prescription is the regulation of fertilizer requirement according to Different Crop, the nutrient supplying capability energy of different soils, on basis, put forward, but but its technical recipe sees Table 1 multielement decomposition type coated controlled release composite fertilizer prescription, the slow controlled release bag Thio Urea prescription of table 2 multielement decomposition type by lab scale, pilot scale.Production formula of the present invention also can carry out processing according to user's requirement.
Operation touches the mark:
1, multi-element compound fertilizer or urea and Molten sulphur, paraffin wax all carry out proportioning by prescription quality umber method;
2, the pre-heating kiln temperature in of rotary drum is 95 ℃-100 ℃, 45 ℃-55 ℃ of temperature outs;
3, sulfur melting tank thermal oil temperature is 175 ℃-195 ℃;
4, the dashpot temperature of charge is 145 ℃-155 ℃;
5, Molten sulphur, paraffin wax spray pressure 0.35MPa;
6, control the flow of fusion sulphur or multielement sulphur eutectic by the DCS system.
Experiment shows: the experiment by coating slow-release or control-release fertilizer control mechanism and nutrient release mode shows, if discharge nutrient in the time continuously at the controlled release of setting, its sustained release rate is subjected to the influence of membrane wrapping thickness, temperature correlation with soil, when temperature raises, plant-growth is accelerated, and coating slow-release or control-release fertilizer rate of release is also accelerated thereupon; When temperature reduced, coating controlled-release fertilizer was also slack-off thereupon when plant-growth slowed down slow or dormancy, thereby made its nutrient releasing speed consistent with the crop regulation of fertilizer requirement;
Experiment shows: to studies show that of the fertile controlled release mechanism of controlled release, the release of coating slow-release or control-release fertilizer depends primarily on the release temperature in water or in the soil, by a large amount of tests, be produced under the differing temps situation, 1. film thickness and controlled release fertilizer nutrient rate of release relation curve, 2. the portfolio ratio and the nutrient release rate relation curve of same film thickness different-grain diameter granulated fertilizer and the different film thicknesses of same particle size, 3. nutrient release profiles of same film thickness different additive ratio etc.By adjusting film thickness, additive, the combination of different-grain diameter proportion of particles, reach slow-release or control-release fertilizer release peak and crop absorption peak are matched, solve slow-release or control-release fertilizer nutrient release rate and plant growth and inhale the technical barrier that fertile rule matches, simultaneously, controlled release fertilizer is carried out field plot trial and demonstration on various crop such as paddy rice, corn, peanut, fruit tree, obtained a large amount of testing datas.It is close with the nutrition absorption curve of specifying crop to make this fertile nutrient put curve;
Test fertilizer: test soil is brown earth, and its physicochemical property is: organic content is 0.11%, nitrogen 0.06%, quick-acting nitrogen 90.2mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 35.6mg/kg, available potassium 100.5mg/k, pH6.9 entirely.Rice varieties is a Shanyou 63 for trying the water.For examination fertilizer is that multielement can decomposition type coated compound fertilizer;
Test method.3 processing are established in test: handle 1 (CK) conventional fertilizer application, handle 2 equal nutrient composite fertilizers, handle 3 for examination fertilizer.The plot experiment area is 20m2, and random alignment repeats 3 times.Rate of fertilizer application is: use 40kg for every mu, during the arable land fertilizer once is manured into soil.
Result and analysis:
The influence that rice yield is constituted the factor sees Table 3, table 4.
Table 3 pair rice yield constitutes the influence of the factor
Table 3
Found out that by table 3 the different treatment rice yield constitutes between the factor variant, using for examination fertilizer has obvious facilitation to paddy growth.Every index all is significantly increased, but mainly is remarkable to tiller number, grain spike number, thousand seed weight effect, lays a good foundation thereby output improved.
Different treatment sees Table 4 to the influence of output
Table 4
*Expression reaches utmost point conspicuous level,
*Expression reaches conspicuous level
Find out that by table 4 multielement can have significant effect of increasing production to rice yield by decomposition type coated compound fertilizer, compare than equal nutrient composite fertilizer, every mu of volume increase 49.6kg, stimulation ratio is 12.4%.
Claims (1)
1. a multielement can decomposition type coated slow-release or control-release fertilizer and compound method thereof, comprises two kinds of a, the slow controlled-release compound fertilizer of multielement coating and b, multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release ureas, it is characterized in that: respectively contain:
A, wherein the slow controlled-release compound fertilizer of multielement coating is formulated by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, compound fertilizer, sulphur, paraffin wax, middle trace element zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese, boron, wherein each group is respectively by weight percentage: nitrogen phosphorus potassium 15-15-15 production formula is: fertile 760 kilograms of 15-15-15 compound, 150 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element are: 12 kilograms on zinc, 8 kilograms in magnesium, 1 kilogram of copper, 9 kilograms in manganese, 10 kilograms of boron, prepare by following step and method:
The present invention with nitrogen phosphorus potassium 15-15-15 production formula is: fertile 760 kilograms of 15-15-15 compound, 150 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 12 kilograms on zinc, 8 kilograms in magnesium, 1 kilogram of copper, 9 kilograms in manganese, 10 kilograms of boron, middle trace element adds at the raw material mixed processes of production of compound fertilizer, produce multi-element complex mixed fertilizer, fertilizer of the present invention is carried out coating with melt liquid sulphur to be handled, and then carry out the secondary coating with melt paraffin and seal processing, the heating that circulates of closed circulation thermal oil has all been adopted in the fusion of sulphur of the present invention and paraffin wax, and this equipment expects that from former the ganging of products packing has all adopted DCS to control automatically;
But a kind of multielement decomposition type coated controlled release composite fertilizer blending process is: hot blast-operation break-down-CS control-buffering-moving metering-coating operation-heat-conducting oil furnace-fusion-preheating procedure-sieve-melt device-air inducing control of dust preface-paraffin-composite fertilizer-clout-emptying-air-both multielement coating of the present invention delay the controlled-release compound fertilizer product;
B, wherein multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release urea is by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, urea, sulphur, paraffin wax, zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese, boron is formulated, it is characterized in that: wherein each group is respectively by weight percentage: nitrogen phosphorus potassium: the 36-0-0 production formula is: 780 kilograms in urea, 130 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 13 kilograms on zinc, 7 kilograms in magnesium, 2 kilograms of copper, 10 kilograms in manganese, 8 kilograms of boron, with nitrogen phosphorus potassium: the 36-0-0 production formula is: 780 kilograms in urea, 130 kilograms in sulphur, 50 kilograms of paraffin waxes, middle trace element is: 13 kilograms on zinc, 7 kilograms in magnesium, 2 kilograms of copper, 10 kilograms in manganese, 8 kilograms of boron, the granular urea screening enters DCS control metering system after removing impurity, material after electronic belt scale metering enters the pre-heating kiln of rotary drum and forms the material warm air following current that comes with hotblast stove behind the scenes and carries out heat exchange and make the material preheating, and then enter the rotary drum coating machine, Molten sulphur is passed through many group injectors under 0.8 MPa pressure, being coated with coating and paraffin wax secondary coating handles, fertilizer behind the coating is through screening, automatic gauge packing back is product of the present invention, solid sulfur heat-conducting oil heating fusion, middle trace element adds in the sulfur melting tank after metering, under churned mechanically effect, form low temperature eutectic with Molten sulphur, sulphur eutectic and paraffin wax enter shower nozzle through the DCS Controlling System respectively, are uniformly coated on the top layer of granular urea;
Slow controlled release bag Thio Urea compounding process: hot blast-screening operation-DCS control-buffering-automatic gauge-coating operation-heat-conducting oil furnace-fusion-preheating procedure-screening-melting device-air inducing control of dust preface-paraffin-urea-clout-emptying-air-both must multielement bag sulphur sustained/controlled release urea product of the present invention.
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