The concrete operations example:
Take by weighing Fructus Chebulae 25g, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 20g Flos Caryophylli, Semen Myristicae, the Radix Aucklandiae, Rhizoma Bistortae, each 10g of Radix Glehniae, Artemisia frigida Willd., Lignum Santali Albi, Concretio Silicea Bambusae, Resina Liquidambaris, HEIYUNXIANG, each 5g of dried Cor Leporis, Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum, Flos Inulae, Flos Bombacis Malabarici, artificial Calculus Bovis, Semen Strychni (processed), Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata (former side is the Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii bud) 2.5g.Mix homogeneously decocts with water and extracts 3 times after also pulverizing slightly, and each 1.5~2 hours, add water 2~4 parts by volume, merge three times extracting solution, the centrifugal precipitation of going.Supernatant adds 3 times of amounts of dehydrated alcohol, fully stir, decompress filter, the filtrate partial rotation be evaporated to no alcohol distinguish the flavor of the compound active composition.
The main pharmacodynamics test of compound recipe of the present invention
1, to the influence of MCAO rat nervous symptoms
Experiment has adopted improvement line bolt legal system to make the rat cerebral ischemia model, and MCAO rat nervous symptoms evaluation results shows after the modeling: investigational agent 200mg/kg (be equivalent to clinical people's consumption 10 times) has improved MCAO rat nervous symptoms.(P<0.01 or P<0.05)
2, to the morphologic influence of MCAO rat cerebral tissue
The cerebral tissue pathomorphology HE demonstration of dyeing: visible sham operated rats cerebral tissue structure is tight under the light microscopic, and nucleus is clear, and a matter does not have edema; The obvious heavy structure of model group ischemia side brain tissue impairment is loose, is the space shape, and cyton is dwindled, and becomes triangle Nissl corpusculum and disappears; A plurality of neurons only stay its profile, and endochylema is even eosinophilic staining, karyon pyknosis engrain, and structure disappears.(the obvious swelling necrosis of cell).Use after the compound treatment, find that acute cerebral ischemia damage pathological change obviously alleviates, it is tight relatively than model group to show as the cerebral tissue structure, and the space diminishes around the neurocyte, and the swelling necrosis alleviates to some extent.
3, to the influence of the SOD of MCAO rat cerebral tissue and GSH activity and MDA content
With sham operated rats relatively, the active and GSH content of model group SOD obviously reduces, MDA content significantly raise (P<0.05 and P<0.01).Compare with model group, compound recipe group and gingko leaf extract injection group SOD activity and GSH content significantly raise, and MDA content significantly reduces, and difference has significance (P<0.01), and the prompting investigational agent has the damage of free radical resisting, the effect of protection cerebral tissue.
4, to the influence of MCAO rat infarct volume
Be uniform redness in the section of sham operated rats TTC stained brain, do not see the infarction kitchen range.Visible bigger pale asphyxia infarcted region on the model group brain section.With model control group relatively, compound recipe group and gingko leaf extract injection group Infarction volume significantly reduce (P<0.05), and compound recipe group and gingko leaf extract injection group more also have significant difference (P<0.05).
The influence of 5, the MCAO rat being blocked cerebral tissue bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression
Adopt improvement line bolt legal system to make cerebral ischemic reperfusion in rats model and immunohistochemical method, the result shows: compound recipe group bcl-2 positive cell is expressed than model group and is reduced, but still has expression, a little more than sham operated rats, IOD and model group comparing difference are remarkable, P<0.05; Compare with model group: gingko leaf extract injection group, compound recipe group caspase-3 positive cell all reduce, and positive expression accumulative total optical density IOD has significant difference (P<0.05).
One, investigational agent of the present invention is to the influence of MCAO rat nervous symptoms
Experiment material
1, medicine and reagent
Be subjected to reagent: the investigational agent outward appearance is lark, content: 20mg/ml, have removing pathogenic heat from blood and toxic substance from the body, and the function of disperse blood stasis and dredge collateral cures mainly the acute ischemic apoplexy.
Positive control drug: gingko leaf extract injection is white in color, content: 7.5mg/ml, have the function of blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, and cure mainly the acute ischemic apoplexy.
Reagent and medicine:
Compound recipe crude drug water extract-alcohol precipitation extracts active component.
The gingko leaf extract injection Taiwan limited company of biochemical pharmaceutical factory of helping produces lot number: CC213.
2, animal
60 of adult healthy ♂ Wistar rats, the SPF level, body weight 270~290 grams are provided by Beijing Vital River Experimental Animals Technology Co., Ltd., and credit number is SCXK (capital): 2006-0009
Method and result
1, grouping and administration
60 rats are divided into 4 groups according at random principle, are respectively sham operated rats (Sham), model group (Model), gingko leaf extract injection group (positive controls EGB), compound recipe group (F), 15 every group.Administration immediately after the perfusion again, synchronous tail vein injection 0.09% normal saline of model group and sham operated rats 500 μ l, gingko leaf extract injection group tail vein injection (10mg/kg) 500 μ l, compound recipe group gastric infusion (200mg/kg).
2, modeling method
Rat conforms, and intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats obturation (MCAO) and re-perfusion model are made in the feed of freely drinking water after 7 days.Weigh, the anesthesia of lumbar injection 10% chloral hydrate solution (0.3ml/100g) is lain on the back and is fixed on the operating-table, and the about 20mm of cervical region median incision length exposes right carotid (CCA), separates external carotid artery (ECA), internal carotid artery (ICA).Ligation CCA and ECA, the ICA hanging wire is standby.Below CCA binding upper end is ECA and ICA crotch, tiltedly cut an osculum, nylon embolus thread ball end is inserted gently, slowly send into ICA, when inserting about 18 ± 0.5mm,, show that the nylon wire pommel is to brain basilar artery ring if there is resistance promptly to stop plug wire.The plug wire process gently lifts the ICA hanging wire, prevents that blood from flowing out from the ICA intracranial segment.After plug wire finishes, with ICA and the ligation together of nylon embolus line, sew up the incision, make nylon wire have 10mm to stay outside the skin with the ICA hanging wire.When the line bolt inserts, pick up counting, behind the ischemia 2h line bolt is extracted gently, form perfusion again.
3, the nervous symptoms of MCAO rat evaluation
According to 5 grades of point systems of foundation such as Zea longa, carry out function of nervous system's scoring respectively, following 0 minute of standard: normal activity in the clear-headed back of rat with after pouring into 24h again; 1 minute: can not fully stretch left fore; 2 minutes: turn-take to the left; 3 minutes: topple over to the left; 4 minutes: can not spontaneously walk disturbance of consciousness.Function of nervous system scoring was at 2~3 minutes and levy male rat with left side Horner ' s and be used for experiment.
EBST experiment: in the clear-headed back of rat with after pouring into 24h again, mention the Mus tail and make the liftoff about 5cm height of rat, observe the rat head left, the direction of right avertence commentaries on classics, departing from midline of body with rat head is as the criterion for about 10 °, then rat is put back to ground, allow its movable 30s, begin again to observe next time.Every rat is repeated this step 20 time.Normally, the equiprobability of not damaged rat deflection to the left and right, promptly respectively be 50%, right side tail putamen hemorrhage rat model obviously greater than to the number of times with sideway swivel, can be thought model success to number of revolutions>75% of ischemia offside to the number of revolutions of ischemia offside.
Scoring of model control group function of nervous system and offside number of revolutions percentage ratio obviously raise, and compare with sham operated rats, and statistical significance (P<0.01) is arranged, and rat has tangible nerve injury behind the prompting cerebral ischemia re-pouring.After using compound treatment, scoring of EGB positive controls function of nervous system and offside number of revolutions percentage ratio all have reduction trend, compare with model control group, function of nervous system's scoring and offside number of revolutions level reduce, difference has statistical significance (P<0.05 and P<0.01), and prompting compound treatment group has the effect that improves cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats function of nervous system to see (table 1).
Table 1 be subjected to reagent to the influence of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats function of nervous system (
N=10)
(t check: compare with sham operated rats: * P<0.01; Compare with model group: #P<0.05, ##P<0.01)
Two, the present invention is influenced MCAO rat cerebral tissue is morphologic by reagent
Experiment material
1, medicine and reagent
Be subjected to reagent, positive control drug with test 1
2, animal
Adult healthy ♂ Wistar rat, the SPF level, body weight 270~290 grams are provided by Beijing Vital River Experimental Animals Technology Co., Ltd., and credit number is SCXK (capital): 2006-0009
3, instrument
Electronic inverted fluorescence microscope (TE16721 OLYMPUS)
Method and result
1 rat is got for every group at random in the scoring back, 10% chloral hydrate anesthesia (0.3ml/100g, lumbar injection), open the thoracic cavity fast and fully expose heart, puncture rapidly with catheter needle and to cut right atrium one osculum after the left ventricle, with 37 ℃ of 0.9% normal saline 500mL perfusion, flow out limpid liquid to the right auricle, use 4% paraformaldehyde phosphate buffer instead and continue perfusion 200mL, stiff to the animal whole body, till liver turns white, broken end is got brain then, cuts anterior akrencephalon and rear portion cerebellum with blade, puts into 4% paraformaldehyde and continues fixedly 48h, paraffin embedding, doing thickness is the crown sections of 4 μ m brains, conventional H E dyeing, and visible sham operated rats cerebral tissue structure is tight under the light microscopic, nucleus is clear, and a matter does not have edema; The obvious heavy structure of model group ischemia side brain tissue impairment is loose, is the space shape, and cyton is dwindled, and becomes triangle Nissl corpusculum and disappears; A plurality of neurons only stay its profile, and endochylema is even eosinophilic staining, karyon pyknosis engrain, and structure disappears.(the obvious swelling necrosis of cell).The om observation tectology changes.Use after the compound treatment, find that acute cerebral ischemia damage pathological change obviously alleviates, it is tight relatively than model group to show as the cerebral tissue structure, and the space diminishes around the neurocyte, and the swelling necrosis alleviates to some extent.(see figure 1)
Three, the present invention is subjected to the influence of reagent to the SOD of MCAO rat cerebral tissue and GSH activity and MDA content
Experiment material
1, medicine and reagent
Be subjected to reagent, positive control drug with test 1
Reagent: Coomassie brilliant blue protein determination kit, superoxide dismutase (SOD) testing cassete, malonaldehyde (MDA) are measured test kit, micro-reduced glutathion (GSH) and are measured test kit, nitricoxide synthase (NOS) and measure test kit and purchase and build up bio-engineering research institute in Nanjing.
2, animal
Adult healthy ♂ Wistar rat, the SPF level, body weight 270~290 grams are provided by Beijing Vital River Experimental Animals Technology Co., Ltd., and credit number is SCXK (capital): 2006-0009
3, instrument
Distributing refiner (IKA R10 basic made by IKA) fluorescent absorption light microplate reader (Benchmark-p1us 10681 series, Bio Rad Laboratories), low speed refrigerated centrifuge (L535R-1 type, Hunan, Changsha instrument centrifuge instrument company limited), ELISA Plate (Costar 9018 series, Corning Incorporated)
Method and result
Each organizes rat after pouring into 24h again, get cerebral tissue, accurately take by weighing the weight of tissue to be measured, 9 times of 0.9% ice of volume ratio adding sodium chloride solution is made 10% brain tissue homogenate by weight, and is centrifugal, 3000r/min, 10min, get supernatant, press the operation of test kit description, measure SOD, NOS activity and GSH and MDA content respectively.With the bovine serum albumin is standard substance, measures protein content in each sample with the Coomassie brilliant blue method.
Compare with sham operated rats, model group T-NOS, iNOS, cNOS activity all obviously reduce, (P<0.01 or P<0.01).Compare with model group, diffusing group of compound recipe the lung-pulse and gingko leaf extract injection group TNOS, the active significantly reduction of iNOS, cNOS, difference has significance (P<0.01) and Folium Ginkgo extract injection to compare, and compound recipe group T-NOS, iNOS, cNOS activity difference not statistically significant (P>0.05) see Table 2.
Table 2 mongolian medicine the lung-pulse loose to Ischemia and Reperfusion in vivo in Rats cerebral tissue TNOS, the active influence of iNOS, cNOS (
U/mgprot)
(t check: compare with sham operated rats: * P<0.01; Compare with model group: #P<0.01)
Four, the present invention is subjected to the influence of reagent to MCAO rat cerebral infarction volume
Experiment material
1, medicine and reagent
Be subjected to reagent, positive control drug with test 1
TTC stain Beijing money is contained rising sun bio tech ltd (sigma)
2, animal
Adult healthy ♂ Wistar rat, the SPF level, body weight 270~290 grams are provided by Beijing Vital River Experimental Animals Technology Co., Ltd., and credit number is SCXK (capital): 2006-0009
3, instrument
Electronic inverted fluorescence microscope (TE16721 OLYMPUS)
Method and result
Every treated animal is got 5, behind 10% chloral hydrate (0.3ml/100g) the lumbar injection deep anaesthesia, the complete brain of getting breaks end, cut the brain mould with rat and be cut into the thick crown section of 2mm from front to back continuously, totally 6,37 ℃ of lucifuge dyeing of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) 10min, normal cerebral tissue dye and are that redness, infarction tissue are white.With digital camera every cerebral tissue is taken pictures (jpg form).White cerebral tissue part as the analysis software measured area, is represented cerebral infarction volume with the percentage ratio (%) that accounts for this aspect homonymy hemisphere area through brain infarction area on the opticochiasmatic coronal section through Image-pro plus6.0 domain.
Be uniform redness in the section of sham operated rats TTC stained brain, do not see the infarction kitchen range.Visible bigger pale asphyxia infarcted region on the model group brain section.With model control group relatively, compound recipe group and gingko leaf extract injection group Infarction volume significantly reduce (P<0.05), and compound recipe group and gingko leaf extract injection group more also have significant difference (P<0.05) (table 3).
Table 3 compound recipe is to the influence of MCAO/R rat function of nervous system and cerebral infarction volume
(t check; Compare * P<0.05 with model group; Compare #P<0.05 with the gingko leaf extract injection group.)
Five, the present invention is subjected to the influence of reagent to MCAO rat infraction cerebral tissue bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression
Experiment material
1, medicine and reagent
Be subjected to reagent, positive control drug with test 1
Immunohistochemistry reagent: anti-Mus Caspase-3 of rabbit and Bcl-2 antibody (BA2142), instant SABC SABC test kit (SA1022), DAB colour reagent box (AR1022) haematoxylin (AR1104) are all purchased in Wuhan doctor's moral biotech firm.
2, animal
Adult healthy ♂ Wistar rat, the SPF level, body weight 270~290 grams are provided by Beijing Vital River Experimental Animals Technology Co., Ltd., and credit number is SCXK (capital): 2006-0009
3, instrument
Electronic inverted fluorescence microscope (TE16721 OLYMPUS)
Method and result
3 rats are got for every group at random in the scoring back, behind 10% chloral hydrate (0.3ml/100g) the lumbar injection deep anaesthesia, open the thoracic cavity fast and fully expose heart, puncture rapidly with catheter needle and to cut right atrium one osculum after the left ventricle, with 37 ℃ of 0.9% normal saline 500mL perfusion, flow out limpid liquid to the right auricle, use 4% paraformaldehyde phosphate buffer instead and continue perfusion 200mL, stiff to the animal whole body, till liver turns white, broken end is got brain then, cut anterior akrencephalon and rear portion cerebellum with blade, put into 4% paraformaldehyde and continue fixedly 48h, paraffin embedding, doing thickness is the crown sections of 4 μ m brains, routine dewaxes to water, presses the operation of test kit description step, the anti-Mus bcl-2 of rabbit antibody concentration (1: 150), caspase-3 antibody concentration (1: 100), kytoplasm or the karyon positive cell of person that has the brown particle is observed in DAB colour developing, light microscopic down.The negative control section does not add one and resists, and uses 0.1molL
-1PBS replaces, and positive reaction do not occur.Every rat is got 3 serial section, every section 5 visuals field of picked at random under 400 times of light microscopics, keeping microscope same light intensity, digital camera to turn off function such as AWB, all take pictures with manually being provided with etc. under the condition, with Image pro plus6.0 image processing system analyze each visual field positive expression accumulative total optical density value (IOD).
The SABC mirror finds that down each group all has neurocyte nuclear chromatin in various degree to rupture, assemble; And then pyknosis, nuclear membrane disintegrate, cytoplasm cohesion, pyknosis and vacuolation.Bcl-2 protein expression, its positive cell are that cell membrane and cytoplasm are pale brown color dyeing, and its expression scope is based on cortex, and Hippocampus is expressed less.The sham operated rats cerebral tissue has only a small amount of Bcl-2 positive cell; Model group Bcl-2 positive staining neurocyte mainly is positioned at the ischemia peripheral region, and brown yellow granule is arranged in the endochylema, and it is darker to develop the color, the nucleus understain; The visible bcl-2 positive cell of gingko leaf extract injection group, but express few than model group relatively; Compound recipe group bcl-2 positive cell is expressed than model group and is reduced, but still has expression, and a little more than sham operated rats, IOD and model group comparing difference are remarkable, P<0.05 (Fig. 3 and table 4).
The sham operated rats cerebral tissue almost can not find the Caspase-3 positive cell.Model group Caspase-3 positive staining neuron mainly is positioned at the ischemia peripheral region, and the ischemia center is less, and brown yellow granule is arranged in the endochylema, the nucleus understain.Compare with model group: gingko leaf extract injection group, compound recipe group caspase-3 positive cell all reduce, and positive expression accumulative total optical density IOD has significant difference (P<0.05).(Fig. 2 and table 4)
Table 4 be subjected to reagent to the influence of casepase3 of MCAO/R rat cerebral tissue and Bcl-2 protein expression (IOD,
)
(t check; Compare #P<0.05 with sham operated rats; Compare * P<0.05 with model group; Compare △ P<0.05 with the gingko leaf extract injection group.)