CN101971835A - Soil particle fumigant - Google Patents
Soil particle fumigant Download PDFInfo
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- CN101971835A CN101971835A CN2010102969793A CN201010296979A CN101971835A CN 101971835 A CN101971835 A CN 101971835A CN 2010102969793 A CN2010102969793 A CN 2010102969793A CN 201010296979 A CN201010296979 A CN 201010296979A CN 101971835 A CN101971835 A CN 101971835A
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- chloropicrin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil particle fumigant taking one or two of activated carbon particles and activated aluminum oxide particles as a particle carrier which is absorbed with the fumigant, wherein the fumigant is one or two of acquinite and 1,3-dichloropropylene. The soil particle fumigant is characterized in that the particle carrier absorbed with the fumigant is externally coated with a coating made from at least one material of urea, polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin. The soil particle fumigant has good effects for killing nematodes and pathogenic bacteria, high drug utilization rate and long residual life, is safe, economic and convenient in use, and is the most dominant substitute for bromomethane (CH3Br) in the worldwide scope at present.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil particle fumigant of alternative methyl bromide, be specially and contain chloropicrin or the 1.3-dichloropropylene is adsorbed in the active solid carrier, the agricultural chemicals that the solid particle of formation is stifling.
Background technology
Methyl bromide has another name called Celfume, is a kind of broad-spectrum pesticide, except that stifling as the space before warehouse, building and the shipment, also is used for soil sterilization for preventing and controlling, soil-borne disease, nematode, soil insect and weeds etc.And the 30%-85% that is used for the total consumption of methyl bromide of soil disinfection is discharged into atmosphere, heavy damage ozone layer.Therefore classified as ODS (ODS) by the United Nations's Montreal protocol in 1992.The whole world will ban use of the development substitute to become world's task of top priority in 2015.
Set up " methyl bromide " substitute technology selection committee (MBTOC) for eliminating methyl bromide United Nations Environment Programme (UNET) tissue, in the assessment report in 1989 and 2002 years, the chemistry that is used for soil disinfection (chemical) medicine that proposes, best substitute are 1.3-the dichloro third rare and chloropicrin mixture.This mixture is extensive use of in countries such as Australia, Spain, the U.S..Existing test shows that 1.3-dichloro third rare+chloropicrin mixture has the good effect of killing nematode and pathogen, and output and methyl bromide are quite or be better than methyl bromide.But this mixture is a liquor, can only use with injection and drip irrigation method." chloropicrin " is hazardous chemical because of attribute, therefore aspect pesticide application technology, requires plastic covering, specific purpose tool, protector etc.Bring a series of troubles to use, use with the drip irrigation method in addition that especially 1.3-dichloro third is rare, can cause severe contamination to underground water.The hidden danger of threat to life safety when existing the expense expenses for medicine.
Summary of the invention
The disadvantage third rare at the 1.3-dichloro, that the chloropicrin fumigant directly uses and be adsorbed on simply that the active solid carrier also can discharge fumigant and the technical problem of wasting the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of soil particle fumigant that stores or can not discharge and waste fumigation medicament during transportation.
The soil particle fumigant, in active carbon particle and the activated alumina particle one or both are arranged as particulate vector, particulate vector is adsorbed with fumigant, fumigant is one or both in chloropicrin and the 1.3-dichloropropylene, it is characterized in that: the particulate vector outsourcing of having adsorbed fumigant is covered with dressing, and the material of dressing is at least a material in urea, polyvinyl alcohol and the gelatin.Preferably chloropicrin (chloropicrin) and two kinds of compositions of 1.3-dichloropropylene (1.3-dichloropropene) utilize synergistic effect (Synergetic effecl) as fumigant, sterilization and disinfestation wider.The particulate vector outsourcing of having adsorbed fumigant is covered with dressing, and the material of dressing is at least a material in urea, polyvinyl alcohol and the gelatin, also can two or three or more material mix, form and mix coating material.The material of dressing is inserted " negative pressure controllable high-efficiency dressing machine " and spray coatedly outside the activated carbon that has adsorbed fumigant automatically, make firm, fine and close, smooth particle fumigant.The particle fumigant simply is packaged in jar or bottle or the plastic sack, and fumigant is sealed by dressing in the particle, can slowly not discharge, and has avoided being released in the package body in storage and transportation, when unpacking human body and surrounding environment is impacted and waste fumigant.Put into soil when coated coated granules fumigant, the moisture that is subjected in the soil corrodes and will destroy dressing gradually, and the fumigant that is adsorbed in the grain active carbon is released in the soil gradually, plays the effect of long-term sterilization and disinfestation.
Storing in order to ensure the fumigant that is adsorbed in the activated carbon, in the transportation, not penetrated by illumination and be subjected to temperatures involved and discharge, on the basis of described in the above soil particle fumigant, soil particle fumigant of the present invention, particulate vector also is adsorbed with stabilizing agent, stabilizing agent is a styrene, to biphenol or dimethylbenzene, when having adsorbed fumigant, also adsorb the aforementioned stable agent, can guarantee that not only fumigant is not subjected to the influence of light and high temperature and discharges, in the time of can also adsorbing chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene fumigant at the same time, stabilizing agent can also prevent that these two kinds of fumigant from reacting to each other and change performance.When fumigant of the present invention was chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene, the best weight ratio of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene was 9: 1-9.
Soil particle fumigant of the present invention, fumigant such as chloropicrin, 1.3-dichloropropylene, its manufacturing process is to be carrier with adsorbent (activated carbon), and the liquid that is mixed with fumigant slips that vaporization mixes with particulate vector and adsorbed by activated carbon or activated alumina through steaming, and makes the particle fumigant earlier.If the liquid of multinomial fumigant carries out vaporescence, monomer purifying that can also mixed stabilizer hydroquinones and dimethylbenzene kept in liquid and prevent deterring or stabilizing agent (styrene, hydroquinones or dimethylbenzene etc. of polymerization.So just can the scope of application and control spectrum have been enlarged in the synergistic effect of stifling process generation.The soil particle fumigant of coated dressing.Coated material is urea, polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin etc., and wherein one or both are via " BGW negative pressure controllable high-efficiency dressing machine " is made firm, fine and close, smooth particle.The control effective ingredient is distributed and is improved the safety of using.Soil particle fumigant of the present invention like this, because of the synergistic effect of the such auxiliary agent of stabilizing agent is arranged, ground temperature 8-10 ℃ begins to discharge effective ingredient.After this raising with temperature increases gradually, and the longevity of residure can continue 120-140d, and final desorption is to zero.Can plastic bottle or the two-layer packing of plastic sack, unpack during use, need not any protector, but just ditch spread or spread manuer in holes.The dark 20cm in ditch or cave is apart from crop seedling, strain 20cm.Every square metre of dispenser 20-30g, the back ridging is treaded.Has the good effect of killing nematode and pathogen.Output and methyl bromide quite or be higher than methyl bromide and are economized medicine than methyl bromide and are saved time safety economy.
1 with carrier active carbon or activated alumina, and its quality according with process requirements is surveyed in the detection before testing, otherwise needs activated processing standby.
2, two medicaments are dropped into vaporizer (the trans content of 1.3-dichloropropylene needs greater than 55%) by processing compound and quantitatively add auxiliary agent.Styrene or to biphenol, macroprocedure is adopted in vaporization.Boil-off gas connects tourie absorption, and tail gas connects in second adsorption and the inorganic agent and decomposes, and detects decomposed solution and does not have the chloride existence.Adsorption time is 3h-6h, 80 ℃-boiling point of reaction temperature.
3, reach the preparation of standard-required,
The characteristics that the present invention had:
(1), product is the solid coated granule, fortune storage and use and do not distribute available gas, safety has outstanding raising.
(2), product is slow release formulation, the slow release of effective ingredient improves the availability of former medicine, has increased drug effect.The longevity of residure can reach 120-140d, and medication easy to use is few, has lowered use cost significantly.
(3), nuisanceless, pollution-free to atmosphere and environment, be the ideal granule fumigant of unique alternative methyl bromide in the present world wide, have the first place in the world.
(4), utilize the unique characteristics of two kinds of medicaments and the synergistic effect of auxiliary agent, adopt adsorption method of separation to make this hybrid particles fumigant, show an interesting new approach, technology is reasonable, method is easy, three-waste free discharge.The mankind are realized Green Chemistry, and the target of pursuing " zero-emission " has far reaching significance.
Embodiment:
The absorption mist of example 1, a kind of soil particle fumigant of the present invention and the preparation of dressing and the experiment of result of use.
Iodine sorption value is reached 800-1000, fineness 120-200 purpose activated carbon granule 70g.Add in the glass absorption bottle, end opening connects the venthole of vaporizer, the 2% sodium sulphite decomposed solution that connects suitable for reading.In the vaporization bottle, add 20g chloropicrin 10g 1.3-dichloropropylene, 2g hydroquinones stabilizing agent, heating evaporation stopped in 3 hours, and weighing activated carbon granule carrier weightening finish 16g forms the solid particle fumigant that has adsorbed chloropicrin and two kinds of fumigant of 1.3-dichloropropylene and hydroquinones stabilizing agent.The solid particle fumigant inserted make in the ball machine, spray liquation urea and account for weight of urea 30% gelatin solution, form dressing, promptly made the soil particle fumigant of chloropicrin and the third rare mixing of 1.3-dichloro at solid particle fumigant outer surface.This soil particle fumigant is encapsulated in plastic sack, just can stores safely and transport, be not afraid of the influence of light and heat, guaranteed to contain fumigant and do not discharged, do not lose.Open during use that plastic sack does not have a spot of chloropicrin yet and two kinds of fumigant of 1.3-dichloropropylene overflow, the end user needn't wear a gas mask, and is safe and reliable.
Two mu of practice grounds by plant protection research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, are done the experiment of control ginger nematode disease and bacterial wilt of ginger in the Laizhou, Shandong.One mu is carried out soil-fumigating with Celfume and handles every cubic metre of medication 35-40g, airtight 96 hours, sow observation contrast in 60 days, control rate about 98% then wholely, 0.07 hectare kind piece plantation back is 5-7 days in addition, the above-mentioned soil particle fumigant of spreading manuer in holes, every cubic metre of dispenser content amount 25-30g.The dressing of soil particle fumigant appearance receives that the erosion of moisture and moisture just begins breakage below soil layer, two kinds of fumigant of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene will slowly discharge, observed contrast in 120 days, the stifling soil plantation of growing way and methyl bromide is as good as, and control efficiency is basic identical.
Example 2, activated alumina are as the soil particle fumigant a kind of of the present invention of solid absorption carrier.
The method that weighs activated alumina particle 70g and example 1 connects instrument, adds the 15g chloropicrin in the vaporization bottle, and 15g 1.3-dichloro third is rare, 2g dimethylbenzene heating evaporation 6h, activated alumina particle carrier weightening finish 32g.So just form the solid particle fumigant that has adsorbed chloropicrin and two kinds of fumigant of 1.3-dichloropropylene and hydroquinones stabilizing agent.The solid particle fumigant inserted make in the ball machine, spray liquation urea and account for weight of urea 30% gelatin solution, form dressing, promptly made the soil particle fumigant of chloropicrin and the third rare mixing of 1.3-dichloro at solid particle fumigant outer surface.Soil particle fumigant plastic sack sealed package stores transportation, opens plastics after 30 days and borrows, and soil particle fumigant outer surface forms dressing, does not have breakage, does not have the taste of fumigant.
Example 3, a kind ofly contain chloropicrin soil particle fumigant of the present invention and the preparation of dressing and the experiment of result of use.
Iodine sorption value is reached 800-1000, fineness 120-200 purpose activated carbon granule 70g.Add in the glass absorption bottle, end opening connects the venthole of vaporizer, the 2% sodium sulphite decomposed solution that connects suitable for reading.Add the 30g chloropicrin in the vaporization bottle, heating evaporation stopped in 3 hours, and weighing activated carbon granule carrier weightening finish 18g forms the activated charcoal solid particle fumigant that has adsorbed the chloropicrin fumigant.Activated charcoal solid particle fumigant inserted make in the ball machine, spray liquation urea and account for weight of urea 30% poly-vinyl alcohol solution, form dressing, promptly made the soil particle fumigant of chloropicrin at solid particle fumigant outer surface.This soil particle fumigant is encapsulated in plastic sack, just can stores safely and transport, be not afraid of the influence of light and heat, guaranteed to contain fumigant and do not discharged, do not lose.Open during use that plastic sack does not have a spot of chloropicrin and two kinds of fumigant of 1.3-dichloropropylene overflow yet, do not have the taste of fumigant, the end user needn't wear a gas mask, and is safe and reliable.
Example 4, a kind ofly contain 1.3-dichloropropylene soil particle fumigant of the present invention and the preparation of dressing and the experiment of result of use.
Iodine sorption value is reached 800-1000, fineness 120-200 purpose activated carbon granule 50g, alumina particle 20g adds in the glass absorption bottle, and end opening connects the venthole of vaporizer, the 2% sodium sulphite decomposed solution that connects suitable for reading.In the vaporization bottle, add 40g 1.3-dichloropropylene, 2g dimethylbenzene stabilizing agent, heating evaporation stopped in 3 hours, and weighing active carbon weightening finish 16g forms the solid particle fumigant that has adsorbed chloropicrin and two kinds of fumigant of 1.3-dichloropropylene and hydroquinones stabilizing agent.The solid particle fumigant is inserted in the negative pressure controllable high-efficiency dressing machine, spray the liquation urea liquid, form dressing, promptly made the rare soil particle fumigant of 1.3-dichloro third at solid particle fumigant outer surface.This soil particle fumigant is encapsulated in the pop can, just can stores safely and transport, be not afraid of the influence of heat of high temperature, guaranteed to contain fumigant and do not discharged, do not lose.Open pop can during use, but do not have measuring amount fumigant benefit, do not measure two kinds of fumigant spill-outs of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene, the end user needn't wear a gas mask, and is safe and reliable.Two mu of practice grounds by plant protection research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, are done the experiment of control ginger nematode disease and bacterial wilt of ginger in the Laizhou, Shandong.One mu is carried out soil-fumigating with Celfume and handles, every cubic metre of medication 35-40g, airtight 96 hours, sow then wholely, observed contrast in 120 days, control rate about 98%, 0.07 hectare kind piece plantation back is 5-7 days in addition, the soil particle fumigant of spreading manuer in holes, every cubic metre of soil particle fumigant that dispenser content is 25-30g.Observed contrast in 120 days, the stifling soil cultivation effect of growing way and methyl bromide is as good as, and control efficiency is basic identical.
Example 5, activated alumina are as the soil particle fumigant a kind of of the present invention of solid absorption carrier.
The method that weighs activated alumina particle 70g and example 1 connects instrument, adds the 45g chloropicrin in the vaporization bottle, heating evaporation 6h, activated alumina particle carrier weightening finish 35g.So just form the solid particle fumigant that has adsorbed the chloropicrin fumigant.The solid particle fumigant is inserted in the dressing machine, spray molten gelatin solution, form dressing, promptly made the soil particle fumigant of chloropicrin at solid particle fumigant outer surface.Its manufacturing process is to be carrier with adsorbent (activated alumina), and the soup of chloropicrin fumigant slips the vaporization adsorbing separation and makes the solid particle fumigant through steaming.Solid particle fumigant coated material is a gelatin, and gelatin is via " negative pressure controllable high-efficiency dressing machine " is made firm, fine and close, smooth coated granule.Store and transportation and apply process, can control the effective ingredient chloropicrin and distribute, improve the safety of using.
Example 6, activated alumina are as the soil particle fumigant a kind of of the present invention of solid absorption carrier.
Weigh activated alumina 70g, add in the glass absorption bottle, end opening connects the venthole of vaporizer, the 2% sodium sulphite decomposed solution that connects suitable for reading.In the vaporization bottle, add 180g chloropicrin 12g 1.3-dichloropropylene, 2g dimethylbenzene heating evaporation 6 hours, active aluminum oxide carrier weightening finish 32g.So just form the solid particle fumigant that has adsorbed chloropicrin and two kinds of fumigant of 1.3-dichloropropylene and dimethylbenzene stabilizing agent.The solid particle fumigant is inserted " in the BGW negative pressure controllable high-efficiency dressing machine; spray each half mixed liquor of polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin solution; form dressing, promptly made the soil particle fumigant of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloro third rare mix preparation at solid particle fumigant outer surface.The monomer purifying that stabilizing agent dimethylbenzene is kept at two liquor vaporescences of institute's mix preparation and prevent the synergistic effect that polymerization produces makes soil particle fumigant of the present invention enlarge the scope of application and control spectrum.Form the sustained release film coat particle, coated material is polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin, and two kinds of coated materials are via " BGW negative pressure controllable high-efficiency dressing machine " is made firm, fine and close, smooth particle.The dual control effective ingredient of stabilizing agent and dressing is distributed in storage, transportation, dispenser process, improves the safety of using greatly.After imbedding soil layer, the dressing of soil particle fumigant appearance receives that the erosion of moisture and moisture just begins breakage, and two kinds of fumigant of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene will slowly discharge, and reach 128 days long-acting deinsectization bactericidal effects.
Claims (3)
1. soil particle fumigant, in active carbon particle and the activated alumina particle one or both are arranged as particulate vector, particulate vector is adsorbed with fumigant, fumigant is one or both in chloropicrin and the 1.3-dichloropropylene, it is characterized in that: the particulate vector outsourcing of having adsorbed fumigant is covered with dressing, and the material of dressing is at least a material in urea, polyvinyl alcohol and the gelatin.
2. require described soil particle fumigant according to right 1, it is characterized in that particulate vector also is adsorbed with stabilizing agent, stabilizing agent is styrene, to biphenol or dimethylbenzene.
3. soil particle fumigant according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: fumigant is two kinds of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylenes, and chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene weight ratio are 9: 1～9.
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| CN2010102969793A CN101971835A (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Soil particle fumigant |
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| CN2010102969793A CN101971835A (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Soil particle fumigant |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102657244A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-09-12 | 张金林 | Fumigation agent for preventing and controlling athetis lepigone as well as preparation method of same |
| CN103929957A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2014-07-16 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Fumigant compositions and methods |
| CN104826150A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-08-12 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Disinfection method of pseudo-ginseng continuous cropping soil |
| CN106719739A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of composition pesticide and its application |
| CN109362794A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-22 | 徐州徐薯薯业科技有限公司 | A kind of crops soil-fumigating ball and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101480178A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Mixed pesticide capsule preparation for preventing and treating nematode and soil-borne disease |
| CN101627754A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2010-01-20 | 郑百祥 | Mixed solid preparation of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene and manufacturing technology thereof |
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2010
- 2010-09-26 CN CN2010102969793A patent/CN101971835A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101480178A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Mixed pesticide capsule preparation for preventing and treating nematode and soil-borne disease |
| CN101627754A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2010-01-20 | 郑百祥 | Mixed solid preparation of chloropicrin and 1.3-dichloropropylene and manufacturing technology thereof |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103929957A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2014-07-16 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Fumigant compositions and methods |
| CN103929957B (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2017-05-24 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Fumigant compositions and methods |
| CN102657244A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-09-12 | 张金林 | Fumigation agent for preventing and controlling athetis lepigone as well as preparation method of same |
| CN104826150A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-08-12 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Disinfection method of pseudo-ginseng continuous cropping soil |
| CN104826150B (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2017-07-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | A kind of sterilization method of notoginseng soil |
| CN106719739A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of composition pesticide and its application |
| CN109362794A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-22 | 徐州徐薯薯业科技有限公司 | A kind of crops soil-fumigating ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN109362794B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-08-31 | 徐州徐薯薯业科技有限公司 | Crop soil fumigation ball and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: 116300, Liaoning City, Wafangdian City province Portland Street, Wen Lan Road No. 30, Portland industrial and commercial Han Yonghui transferred Applicant after: Han Jingliang Address before: 116300 No. 1, building 159-7, building 202, West Changchun Road, Wafangdian City, Liaoning Applicant before: Han Jingliang |
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Application publication date: 20110216 |