CN101954608B - Planer fixture for machining gap pouring gates and other tapered parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to planer fixtures, and in particular relates to a planer fixture for machining tapered parts such as gap pouring gates and the like in the machining and casting fixture for a planer. The planer fixture comprises a tailstock and a dividing head which are fixed on a base, wherein core clampers for fixing parts to be machined are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the tailstock and the dividing head; and an L-shaped shifting fork for rotating the parts axially is arranged below the core clamper of the dividing head, and the dividing head is provided with a handle. In order to rotate the divided head automatically, a baffle is fixed above the divided head, a sliding block capable of moving horizontally is connected with the baffle through a spring, and the sliding block drives a ratchet wheel to rotate through a pawl, so the divided head rotates automatically. Gap pouring gates with multiple specifications are machined by using the planer fixture with simple structure, so the machining efficiency is improved. Compared with a ball-end milling cutter for machining centers, the planer fixture can reduce the surface roughness of the parts to be machined and the total cost.

Description

A planer tooling for processing taper parts of slot sprue

technical field

The invention belongs to planer tooling, in particular to a planer tooling for parts with taper such as gap runners in planer processing casting tooling.

Background technique

At present, when processing frustum-shaped parts, especially parts with a taper in the slot runner, combined fixtures are generally used for clamping and processing. However, since the slot runner has various specifications, different specifications need to be assembled with different combined fixtures, which affects processing efficiency. Processing with a CNC milling machine not only has a high cost but also affects its surface roughness, which cannot meet the requirements of the processed surface roughness.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency, low-cost planer tooling for parts processing that is suitable for slot runners and has a taper.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A planer tooling for processing the taper parts of the slot runner, including a tailstock and an indexing head fixed on the base, wherein: the opposite sides of the tailstock and the indexing head are provided with tips for fixing the parts to be processed; An L-shaped shift fork for realizing the axial rotation of parts is installed under the top of the dividing head.

A planer tooling for processing taper parts of the slot sprue as described above, wherein: the base is provided with a stepped oblong hole for adjusting the angle between the part to be processed and the running track of the tool.

A planer tooling for processing taper parts of the slot sprue as described above, wherein: the dividing head is equipped with a handle for manually realizing the rotating of the dividing head.

A planer tooling for processing the taper parts of the slot sprue as described above, wherein: the upper surface of the dividing head is equipped with a horizontally movable slider, and the slider is fixedly connected with one end of the S-shaped shift fork, and the S-shaped shift fork The other end is a U-shaped groove structure; the U-shaped groove has built-in bolts, and the bolts pass through the upper through hole of the rocker and are fixedly connected with the ratchet; the lower part of the rocker is provided with a through hole passing through the indexing head shaft, and the ratchet is connected to the dividing head shaft. on the axis of the head.

A planer tooling for processing taper parts of the slot sprue as described above, wherein: the pawl is a bidirectional structure, so that the ratchet wheel can rotate bidirectionally.

A planer tooling for processing taper parts of the slot sprue as described above, wherein: the slider is composed of three parts: a support block, a cylinder and a connecting plate, wherein the support block is fixed on the dividing head, and the cylinder supports The block moves horizontally, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the cylinder and moves with the cylinder; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the S-shaped shift fork.

A planer tooling for processing taper parts of the slot sprue as described above, wherein: a baffle plate with a fixed position is arranged above the dividing head, and a spring for restoring the slider is connected to the baffle plate.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of complex tooling combination in the existing processing method, uses a tooling with a simple structure to process slot runners of various specifications, and improves processing efficiency. Compared with the ball end milling cutter used in the machining center, the surface roughness of the parts to be processed can be reduced by using this tooling. And the parts are processed by the planer, so the overall cost is reduced.

2. The tooling provided by the present invention can be adapted to the shape requirements of various parts to be processed by adjusting the position of the fixing screw in the oblong hole of the step, the relative distance between the tailstock of the planer tooling and the indexing head, and the position height of the top of the tailstock.

3. The tooling provided by the present invention can not only realize the manual processing of parts, but also realize the automatic processing of parts, with high efficiency and high yield.

4. The present invention can not only process parts with taper such as gap sprues in casting tooling, but also parts with cross-sections at both ends of a circular arc and a straight line in the middle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of a planer tooling for processing slot runner taper parts provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the planer tooling base and the machine tool;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the L-shaped shift fork and the dividing head in part A of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the B direction view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a planer tool for processing taper parts such as slot runners provided by the present invention;

Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 5;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the slider structure of part C in Fig. 6;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the S-shaped shift fork, the rocker and the pawl;

Fig. 9 is a D direction view of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the ratchet, the rocking bar and the dividing head;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the pawl and the ratchet;

Among them, 1. Base, 2. Tailstock, 3. Parts to be processed, 4. Indexing head, 5. L-type shift fork, 6. Handle, 7. Slider, 8. S-type shift fork, 9. Rocker , 10. Ratchet, 11. Pawl, 12. Bezel, 13. Support block, 14. Cylinder, 15. Connecting plate, 16. Spring, 17. Machine tool, 18. Machine push rod, 20. Machine table, 21 .Step oblong hole, 23. Threaded hole, 24. Keyway, 25. Tool running track.

Detailed ways

A planer tooling for processing taper parts such as slot runners of the present invention is introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a planer tooling for processing taper parts such as slot runners, including

The tailstock 2 and the indexing head 4 fixed on the base 1, the opposite sides of the tailstock 2 and the indexing head 4 all have a top for fixing the part 3 to be processed; The L-shaped shift fork 5 that realizes the axial rotation of parts. Described indexing head 4 is the common indexing head that has handle 6 and pulls down chuck and adorns a top, the FW160 universal indexing head of Yantai Machine Tool Accessories Factory has been refitted in the present embodiment.

As shown in Figure 2, the base 1 is provided with a step oblong hole 21 for fixing the base to the machine table 20, by fixing the planer tooling at different positions in the step oblong hole 21, the parts 3 and the tool running track 25 can be adjusted Since the tapered parts have large and small end faces, it is necessary to ensure that the busbar of the part is parallel to the running track 25 of the tool; there is a long keyway 24 in the middle of the upper surface of the base, and there is a hole in the middle of the keyway 24 for fixing the tailstock 2 and the indexing head 4 Threaded hole 23; according to the length of the sprue to be processed, adjust the relative distance between the two tops of the tailstock 2 and the indexing head 4; In the center, the top of the tailstock 2 is designed to adjust the position up and down, so as to realize the taper of the parts.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, one end of the L-shaped shift fork 5 is fixed to the dovetail part of the slot runner by a screw, and the other end is fixed to the indexing head 4 by a screw; the L-shaped shifting fork 5 can rotate with the indexing head to drive The parts turn.

When using the planer frock provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, at first the bottom plate 1 of the planer frock is fixed on the planer workbench, and the position of the fixing screw in the oblong hole of the step is adjusted to ensure that the part generatrix is parallel to the tool running track 25; according to Adjust the relative distance between the planer tooling tailstock 2 and the dividing head 4 according to the length of the gap runner to be processed; adjust the position and height of the top of the tailstock 2 according to the taper of the parts to be processed. Secondly, the slot sprue dovetail part of the part is fixed on the L-shaped shift fork 5 by screws. Then turn the handle 6 on the dividing head 4 to adjust the gap runner to the angle that needs to be processed, and the inclined surface of the dovetail groove can be processed; turn an angle.

Example 2

Embodiment 1 requires manual control of the processing process. Embodiment 2 removes handle 6 and adds slider 7, S-shaped shift fork 8, rocker 9, ratchet 10 and pawl 11 on the basis of embodiment 1 to achieve indexing The head rotates automatically, that is, the automatic processing of parts is realized.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, a planer tooling for processing taper parts such as slot runners, including

Fixed on the base 1 for fixing the tailstock 2 and the indexing head 4 of the parts 3 to be processed, the indexing head 4 is equipped with an L-shaped shift fork 5 for realizing the axial rotation of the parts; above the indexing head 4 A baffle 12 is fixed, and a horizontally movable slider 7 is connected with the baffle 12 through a spring 16 . The slider 7 drives the ratchet 10 to rotate through the ratchet 11 to realize the automatic rotation of the dividing head.

As shown in Figure 7, the slider is composed of three parts: a support block 13, a cylinder 14 and a connecting plate 15, wherein the support block 13 is fixed on the dividing head 4, and the cylinder 14 can move in the direction of the arrow in the support block 13, The connecting plate 15 is fixed on the cylinder 14 with screws and can move with the cylinder 14 .

The slider 7 converts its horizontal movement into the rotation of the ratchet 11 driven by the ratchet 11 through the S-shaped shift fork 8 and the rocker 9 . As shown in Figures 8 and 9, one end of the S-shaped shift fork 8 is fixed on the connecting plate 15 of the slider 7 with screws, and the other end is a U-shaped groove structure; the rocker 9 is a thin plate with a through hole, and the lower through hole is used On the shaft passing through the indexing head 4, a bolt is worn in the upper through hole, one end of the bolt is connected with the pawl 11, and the other end of the bolt is inserted into the U-shaped groove of the S-shaped shift fork 8. As shown in FIG. 10 , the handle 6 of the indexing head 4 in Embodiment 1 is replaced by a ratchet 10 , and the ratchet 10 is connected to the shaft of the indexing head 4 with a key. As shown in FIG. 11 , the ratchet 11 is a bidirectional structure, which enables the indexing head 4 to rotate in two directions. Can realize the clockwise rotation of ratchet 10 when using the right foot of ratchet 11, ratchet 11 is placed on the right side of center line, can realize the counterclockwise rotation of ratchet 10 when using the left foot of ratchet 11. The ratchet 11 can also be unidirectional to realize the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet 10 .

When using the planer frock provided by the second embodiment of the present invention, the planer feeds a knife to process a generatrix on the surface of the part. After the machining is completed, the knife pushes the slide block 7 forward (to the right in FIG. 6 ) through the push rod 18 of the machine tool to compress The spring 16 and the S-type shift fork 8 also move forward with the slider 7; through the bolts connected between the S-type shift fork 8 and the rocker 9, the rocker 9 drives the ratchet 11 to swing to the right, and then the ratchet 11 drives the ratchet 10 Rotate clockwise, and the angle that ratchet 10 rotates is determined by the displacement of slide block (for those skilled in the art common sense); Like this just realizes dividing head to rotate automatically, promptly dividing head drives parts to rotate around the parts axis. After the planer withdraws the tool, the spring 16 resets the slide block 7. During the reset process, due to the U-shaped groove structure of the S-shaped shift fork 8, the ratchet no longer rotates; when the tool is withdrawn, the parts are not processed.

Claims (6)

1. A planer frock for processing slot sprue taper parts, comprising a tailstock (2) and an indexing head (4) fixed on the base (1), characterized in that: the tailstock (2) and the dividing head The opposite sides of the dividing head (4) are equipped with tops for fixing the parts (3) to be processed; an L-shaped shift fork (5) for realizing the axial rotation of the parts is installed under the top of the dividing head (4); The base (1) is provided with a stepped oblong hole (21) for adjusting the angle between the part to be processed (3) and the tool running track (25). 2. A kind of planer frock for processing slot sprue taper parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: a handle (6) is installed on the dividing head (4), which is used to manually realize the dividing head ( 4) Turn. 3. The planer tooling for processing the taper parts of the slot sprue according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the dividing head (4) is equipped with a horizontally movable slider (7), the slider (7) is fixedly connected with one end of the S-type shift fork (8), and the other end of the S-type shift fork (8) is a U-shaped groove structure; the U-shaped groove is built with bolts, and the bolts pass through the through hole at the upper end of the rocker (9) and The ratchet (11) is fixedly connected; the bottom of the rocking bar (9) is provided with a through hole passing through the shaft of the dividing head (4), and the ratchet (10) is connected to the shaft of the dividing head (4). 4. The planer tooling for processing the taper parts of the slot sprue according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pawl (11) is a bidirectional structure, so that the ratchet (10) can rotate bidirectionally. 5. A planer tooling for processing slot sprue taper parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: the slider (7) is composed of a support block (13), a cylinder (14) and a connecting plate (15 ) consists of three parts, wherein the support block (13) is fixed on the dividing head (4), the cylinder (14) moves horizontally in the support block (13), and the connecting plate (15) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (14) And move with the cylinder (14); the connecting plate (15) is fixedly connected with one end of the S-shaped shift fork (8). 6. A planer tooling for processing taper parts of the slot sprue according to claim 3, characterized in that: a baffle plate (12) with a fixed position is arranged above the dividing head (4) for sliding The spring (16) of block (7) reset links to each other with baffle plate (12).

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