CN101950860A - Modularized low-cost millimeter wave real-time imaging electronic scanning antenna system- - Google Patents
Modularized low-cost millimeter wave real-time imaging electronic scanning antenna system- Download PDFInfo
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- CN101950860A CN101950860A CN2010105178981A CN201010517898A CN101950860A CN 101950860 A CN101950860 A CN 101950860A CN 2010105178981 A CN2010105178981 A CN 2010105178981A CN 201010517898 A CN201010517898 A CN 201010517898A CN 101950860 A CN101950860 A CN 101950860A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modularized low-cost millimeter wave real-time imaging electronic scanning antenna system, comprising N overlapped and identical PCB (Printed Circuit Board) units, wherein a gap is arranged between every two adjacent PCB units; each PCB unit comprises a medium substrate, a metal paster used as signal ground is coated on one surface of the medium substrate; another metal paster and a PCB Rotman lens which work together with the metal paster used as the signal ground to form an antenna array are coated on the other surface of the medium substrate; a ferroelectric film phase shifter array is arranged between antennae and the PCB Rotman lens; and a feed port of the antenna array is in one-to-one connection with one end of a ferroelectric film phase shifter in a ferroelectric film phase shifter array, and a port in an array port of the PCB Rotman lens is in one-to-one connection with the other end of the ferroelectric film phase shifter in the ferroelectric film phase shifter array. The invention has the advantages of high integration level and simple scanning control system.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of modularization of millimeter wave Real Time Image System, low-cost two-dimensional electric scanning antenna system of can be used for.
Background technology
Mm-wave imaging has visible light, the infrared and not available unique characteristics of microwave imaging, compare with infrared ray with visible light, millimeter wave can penetrate smog, dust and yarn fabric with very little decay, this makes mm-wave imaging possess the ability that the dangerous material under clothing are concealed in all weather navigation and detection, microwave also can even penetrate smog, dust and yarn fabric better, but compare with the millimeter wave imaging system of equal resolution, preponderance, the volume of microwave imaging system are excessive.The mm-wave imaging technology all is being with a wide range of applications aspect the landing of navigation, battlefield surveillance, personal safety check and the space craft of naval vessel and aircraft, present even existing very urgent application demand.
In order to tackle urgent day by day safety check, navigation and military requirement, many countries have launched broad research to the mm-wave imaging technology, but the mm-wave imaging technology also is far from the stage of ripeness (especially domestic) at present, various millimeter wave imaging systems are also deposited, and can be divided into several modes such as staring focal array imaging, mechanical scanning imaging, electric scanning imagery from imaging system branch.Stare the CCD that the focal plane battle array is similar to domestic digital camera, need a plurality of receivers that equate with the focal plane array number in this system, because the cost of millimetric wave device is higher, the cost of whole focal array imaging system is quite expensive.In order to reduce the number of receiver, can be to the focal plane scanning of image device, also can carry out beam scanning to the far field, write down each pixel then successively and composograph in computer, scan mode can be mechanical can be electric also, thereby produced various scanning imaging systems.The mechanical scanning imaging drives single feed by mechanical device or the feed linear array scans in the focal plane of image device, perhaps driving whole slave antenna scans the far field, the major defect of this scan mode is to be difficult to realize real time imagery, and the existence of mechanical scanner has reduced the portability of system.The electric scanning imaging mode can be realized real time imagery, but the system of report all needs complicated feeding network and control system at present, and this has not only reduced the stability of system, and the cost of whole system is very high.In a word, from existing various millimeter wave imaging systems, have only the quantity that adopts the scanning imagery mode could significantly reduce receiver under current components and parts level, effectively control cost, and will realize real time imagery, scan mode must be electric scanning.But, the shortcoming that with the phase array is that the electric scanning system of representative exists system complex, integrated level is low, portability is poor and involves great expense.The microwave researchers are all being sought simple, cheap electronic scanning antenna system always, years of researches are explored and are shown, be difficult in based on the phased system of traditional transistor or ferrite phase shifter and control cost and reduce the breakthrough that there is matter the system complexity aspect, must exploitation could reduce the overall system cost and improve portable in essence ground based on the electronic scanning antenna system of new material, new ideas.
Going up making one deck ferroelectric thin film at circuit printing plate (Printed Circuit Board-PCB) (mainly is barium strontium titanate Ba
xSr
1-xTiO
3-bst thin film), making the phase shifter that circuit constitutes then on film is a kind of membrane structure device, this phase shifter can be directly and other circuit be integrated on the same substrate, can significantly improve the integrated level of system and reduce cost.The ferroelectric thin film phase shifter mainly contains coupling microstrip line structure shown in Figure 1 and coplanar waveguide structure shown in Figure 2 and on these two kinds of basic structure bases some improved, as the filter structure based on co-planar waveguide.Between two little bands (Microstrip-MS) of coupling microstrip structure, connect direct voltage, or between the holding wire (Signal Line-SL) of co-planar waveguide and earth connection (Ground Line-GL), connecing direct voltage, the value that changes voltage can be controlled the size of phase-shift phase.
Utilize the Rotman lens also can realize the electric scanning of wave beam, the complexity of system and cost are also very low, and this lens can be produced on (abbreviation PCB Rotman lens) on the PCB substrate, help the integrated of system, Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Rotman lens that link together with antenna array (Antenna Array-AA), gating beam port (Beam Port-BP) 1,2,3...6 in a port, can produce a wave beam that sensing is corresponding with this port, for selecting beam port 1, the sensing of the scanning beam of generation and the counterparty of port one are to identical shown in the figure.The effect of Rotman lens is equal to phase shifter, from certain beam port feed, when electromagnetic wave arrives the antenna array that array port (Array Port-AP) locates, produce linear phase gradient at each antenna place, thereby produce the wave beam of certain sensing, from the phase gradient difference that antenna array produced of the electromagnetic wave arrival array port that different beam ports send, the sensing of the wave beam of generation is also different, reaches the purpose that covers the certain space scope.
In general, in numerous electric scanning schemes, utilize ferroelectric thin film phase shifter or PCB Rotman lens to produce scanning beam and not only can significantly reduce cost, can also improve level of integrated system, reduce the volume and weight of whole system.But still there are some shortcomings in the system that relies on ferroelectric thin film phase shifter or PCB Rotman lens to form merely, with PCB Rotman lens is example, the PCB Rotman lens that multi-disc is shown in Figure 3 are arranged above and below, constitute PCB Rotman set of lenses (PCB Rotman Array-PRA), connect the antenna array that antenna constitutes at the array port then, can only carry out one-dimensional scanning on the XY plane, want to realize that the two-dimentional electricity in two vertical planes sweeps, then a PRA need be set respectively in two vertical planes, as shown in Figure 4, can see that connect by coaxial line between former and later two PRA, very complexity and integrated level reduce.The simple electric scanning system that relies on the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter to construct also exists the problem of scanning control system more complicated.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention relates to a kind of modularization that ferroelectric thin film phase shifter and PCB Rotman lens is combined and be aided with the antenna integrated formation in plane millimeter wave real time imagery electronic scanning antenna system cheaply, the characteristics of this antenna system are that integrated level height, scanning control system are simple.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of modularization is millimeter wave real time imagery electronic scanning antenna system cheaply, comprise between the identical PCB unit of the overlapping setting of N piece and the adjacent PCB unit and be provided with the gap, described PCB unit comprises medium substrate, on a surface of medium substrate, be covered with metal patch as signal ground, on another surface of medium substrate, be covered with and the metal patch and the PCB Rotman lens that constitute aerial array as the metal patch acting in conjunction of signal ground, between antenna and PCB Rotman lens, be provided with the ferroelectric thin film phaser array, and, one end of the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter in the feed port of aerial array and the ferroelectric thin film phaser array is connected one to one, and the other end of the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter in the port in the array port of PCB Rotman lens and the ferroelectric thin film phaser array is connected one to one.
The content that the present invention relates to not only can be used for the development low cost, portable electric scanning millimeter wave imaging system is significant, also can be used for development low cost, compact electronically scanned radar antenna.The feed and the control system of electronic scanning antenna of the present invention system are simply many compared with the feed and the control system of traditional N * N unit phased array antenna.This electronic scanning antenna system also has two other very important advantage, the one, whole devices all are integrated on the PCB circuit board, can significantly reduce the cost of manufacture and the occupation space of system, the 2nd, the circuit on the required N sheet circuit board is identical modularized design, this has not only reduced the design work amount, and when certain piece circuit board breaks down, only need to change this part and get final product, as convenient to computer replacing display card or sound card.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a coupling microstrip type bst thin film phase shifter schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a co-planar waveguide type bst thin film phase shifter schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a Rotman lens principle schematic diagram, and XY is a coordinate system.
Fig. 4 is two groups of PCB Rotman lens connection diagrams of two-dimensional electric scanning.
Fig. 5 is the two-dimensional electric scanning antenna system schematic diagram that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 6 be the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter and with the connection diagram of other parts.
Embodiment
A kind of modularization is millimeter wave real time imagery electronic scanning antenna system cheaply, comprise between the identical PCB unit of the overlapping setting of N piece and the adjacent PCB unit and be provided with the gap, described PCB unit comprises medium substrate 1, on a surface of medium substrate 1, be covered with metal patch 2 as signal ground, on another surface of medium substrate 1, be covered with and the metal patch and the PCB Rotman lens 4 that constitute aerial array 3 as the metal patch acting in conjunction of signal ground, between antenna 3 and PCB Rotman lens 4, be provided with ferroelectric thin film phaser array 5, and, one end of the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter 51 in the feed port of aerial array 3 and the ferroelectric thin film phaser array 5 is connected one to one, and the other end of the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter 51 in the port in the array port of PCB Rotman lens 4 and the ferroelectric thin film phaser array 5 is connected one to one.Ferroelectric thin film phaser array 5 comprises parallel M the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter 51 that is provided with, the microstrip line 511 that is positioned at each ferroelectric thin film phase shifter 51 1 side interconnects, the microstrip line 512 that is positioned at each ferroelectric thin film phase shifter 51 opposite side interconnects, between the microstrip line 512 of the microstrip line 511 of ferroelectric thin film phase shifter 51 1 sides and opposite side, load direct voltage, the dc voltage value that loads makes the phase place of phase shifter be linear distribution on the ferroelectric thin film phaser array 5 in each microstrip circuit unit, and according to the overlapping order of microstrip circuit unit, the dc voltage value that loads progressively increases or reduces.
Embodiment 1: the antenna element in the antenna array 3 adopts Heels Vivaldi antenna, and the metal patch 2 of signal ground crossfades into a Heels to Heels Vivaldi antenna in the antenna position, makes the another Heels of Vivaldi antenna on the opposite side of pcb board.
Embodiment 2: antenna element in the antenna array 3 adopts tapered slot antenna, and two metal patches that constitute this tapered slot antenna are positioned at signal ground one side of pcb board, is connected to the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter by the line of rabbet joint-microstrip transition structure.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is made more detailed description:
As shown in Figure 5, this antenna system comprises N piece circuit board, circuit on every circuit board is identical, comprise N plane antenna integrated 3, each antenna back is connected to ferroelectric thin film phase shifter 5, and then be connected on the array port of PCB Rotman lens 4, these PCB Rotman lens have N array port and M beam port, and wherein N can be different with the numerical value of M.Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram, among the figure on every circuit board integrated 8 planes antenna integrated, PCB Rotman has 8 beam ports, totally 8 circuit boards are formed an antenna array that contains 8 * 8 antennas.8 beam ports of PCB Rotman lens are connected to a SP8T switch 6, go up the control circuit that connects by SP8T and select beam port, every circuit board has only one road radio frequency output (input) like this, then the radiofrequency signal on each circuit board is synthesized one the tunnel again, the back only need connect a receiver.In the practical application, the antenna number of every circuit board is not defined as 8, and it is identical with the antenna number that the beam port number does not require yet, decides on application demand.
Fig. 3 is seen in the signal of PCB Rotman lens, and its principle had been done detailed explanation in front.Only rely on the PCB Rotman lens in the structure shown in Figure 3 can only realize the scanning that horizontal plane is interior, to the scanning of pitching face is that the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter that connects on the array port by PCB Rotman lens is realized, ferroelectric thin film phase shifter and the antenna array that connects previously are as shown in Figure 6.As seen from Figure 6, each ferroelectric thin film phase shifter is to constitute (adopting multistage is in order to enlarge phase-shift phase) by the multistage coupled microstrip line that is produced on the ferroelectric thin film, little band that two little bands in the coupled microstrip line are corresponding with position in other coupled microstrip line respectively links together, connect the positive and negative polarities of direct voltage then, make to be positioned at and load identical direct voltage with the on-chip phase shifter of a slice, connect by snakelike offset line 6 between the different coupled microstrip lines, to guarantee perfectly straight flow resistance high frequency.Phase shifter to different layers adds different voltage, and the phase shift that makes the phase shifter of each layer produce is linear Gradient distribution just can realize scanning to pitching face.Be provided with capacitance 7 between phase shifter microstrip line and PCB Rotman lens and the antenna, be leaked to other parts with the DC component that prevents the phase shifter control circuit.
Description by the front can be seen, to contain N piece circuit board, the situation that PCB Rotman lens on every circuit board are provided with M beam port is an example, electric scanning structure proposed by the invention needs the N road to the voltage control of bst thin film phase shifter and N SPMT switch and correspondent control circuits, in general the value of M is not too large, and corresponding SPMT switch is not difficult to realize.The feed and the control system of this electronic scanning antenna system are simply many compared with the feed and the control system of traditional N * N unit phased array antenna.This electronic scanning antenna system also has two other very important advantage, the one, whole devices all are integrated on the PCB circuit board, can significantly reduce the cost of manufacture and the occupation space of system, the 2nd, the circuit on the required N sheet circuit board is identical modularized design, this has not only reduced the design work amount, and when certain piece circuit board breaks down, only need to change this part and get final product, as convenient to computer replacing display card or sound card.
Claims (2)
1. modularization millimeter wave real time imagery electronic scanning antenna system cheaply, it is characterized in that, comprise between the identical PCB unit of the overlapping setting of N piece and the adjacent PCB unit and be provided with the gap, described PCB unit comprises medium substrate (1), on a surface of medium substrate (1), be covered with metal patch (2) as signal ground, on another surface of medium substrate (1), be covered with and the metal patch and the PCB Rotman lens (4) that constitute aerial array (3) as the metal patch acting in conjunction of signal ground, between antenna (3) and PCB Rotman lens (4), be provided with ferroelectric thin film phaser array (5), and, one end of the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter (51) in the feed port of aerial array (3) and the ferroelectric thin film phaser array (5) is connected one to one, and the other end of the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter (51) in the port in the array port of PCB Rotman lens (4) and the ferroelectric thin film phaser array (5) is connected one to one.
2. modularization according to claim 1 is millimeter wave real time imagery electronic scanning antenna cheaply, it is characterized in that, ferroelectric thin film phaser array (5) comprises parallel M the ferroelectric thin film phase shifter (51) that is provided with, the microstrip line (511) that is positioned at each ferroelectric thin film phase shifter (51) one side interconnects, the microstrip line (512) that is positioned at each ferroelectric thin film phase shifter (51) opposite side interconnects, between the microstrip line (512) of the microstrip line (511) of ferroelectric thin film phase shifter (51) one sides and opposite side, load direct voltage, the dc voltage value that loads makes the phase place of phase shifter be linear distribution on the ferroelectric thin film phaser array (5) in each microstrip circuit unit, and according to the overlapping order of microstrip circuit unit, the dc voltage value that loads progressively increases or reduces.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010517898 CN101950860B (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | Modularized low-cost millimeter wave real-time imaging electronic scanning antenna system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010517898 CN101950860B (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | Modularized low-cost millimeter wave real-time imaging electronic scanning antenna system |
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| CN101950860A true CN101950860A (en) | 2011-01-19 |
| CN101950860B CN101950860B (en) | 2013-01-30 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104300227A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-21 | 东南大学 | Multi-beam feed structure |
| CN104319466A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-28 | 东南大学 | Multi-beam scanning antenna |
| CN105048105A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-11-11 | 英特尔公司 | Combination ITE and WIGig antenna |
| CN105449318A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-30 | 东南大学 | Phase shifter unit of BST material-filled coplanar waveguide structure and phase shifting method |
| CN106257748A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-28 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of multiple-beam system |
| CN108110429A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-01 | 四川中测微格科技有限公司 | A kind of multi beamforming network lens arrangement with highly transmissive coefficient |
| CN110690584A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-14 | 湖南国科锐承电子科技有限公司 | Low-profile broadband wide-angle cylindrical surface conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna |
| CN112186364A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 林伟 | Method for realizing compact multilayer transmitting-receiving antenna device |
| CN112864606A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-28 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Antenna component and vehicle |
| CN113092990A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-09 | 南京米乐为微电子科技有限公司 | Matrix type building block millimeter wave module building system |
| GB2612820A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-17 | International Electric Company Ltd | A radio frequency circuit with passive phase gain |
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| CN101217182A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2008-07-09 | 厦门大学 | 2-2 type ferroelectrics-ferrite multilayered compound magnetoelectricity material and the corresponding preparation method |
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| CN201812932U (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-04-27 | 东南大学 | Modularized low-cost millimeter wave real-time imaging electric scanning antenna system |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105048105A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-11-11 | 英特尔公司 | Combination ITE and WIGig antenna |
| CN104300227A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-21 | 东南大学 | Multi-beam feed structure |
| CN104319466A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-28 | 东南大学 | Multi-beam scanning antenna |
| CN105449318B (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2018-10-30 | 东南大学 | A kind of the coplanar waveguide structure phase shifter element and phase-moving method of filling BST materials |
| CN105449318A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-30 | 东南大学 | Phase shifter unit of BST material-filled coplanar waveguide structure and phase shifting method |
| CN106257748A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-28 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of multiple-beam system |
| CN108110429A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-01 | 四川中测微格科技有限公司 | A kind of multi beamforming network lens arrangement with highly transmissive coefficient |
| CN108110429B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-12-29 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Multi-beam forming network lens structure with high transmission coefficient |
| CN110690584A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-14 | 湖南国科锐承电子科技有限公司 | Low-profile broadband wide-angle cylindrical surface conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna |
| CN112864606A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-28 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Antenna component and vehicle |
| CN112186364A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 林伟 | Method for realizing compact multilayer transmitting-receiving antenna device |
| CN112186364B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-01-10 | 林伟 | Method for realizing compact multilayer transmitting-receiving antenna device |
| CN113092990A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-09 | 南京米乐为微电子科技有限公司 | Matrix type building block millimeter wave module building system |
| CN113092990B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-12-21 | 南京米乐为微电子科技有限公司 | Matrix type building block millimeter wave module building system |
| GB2612820A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-17 | International Electric Company Ltd | A radio frequency circuit with passive phase gain |
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