CN101949815A - Permeameter and permeability coefficient measuring system with same - Google Patents
Permeameter and permeability coefficient measuring system with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101949815A CN101949815A CN 201010249575 CN201010249575A CN101949815A CN 101949815 A CN101949815 A CN 101949815A CN 201010249575 CN201010249575 CN 201010249575 CN 201010249575 A CN201010249575 A CN 201010249575A CN 101949815 A CN101949815 A CN 101949815A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permeameter used for measuring the permeability coefficient of cohesiveless soil, comprising a permeameter main body, a first porous plate, a second porous plate, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a sand setting device, wherein, the first porous plate and the second porous plate are arranged in the permeameter main body, and the cohesiveless soil is arranged between the first porous plate and the second porous plate; the water inlet pipe is arranged at one side of the permeameter main body on which the first porous plate is arranged; the water outlet pipe is arranged at one side of the permeameter body on which the second porous plate is arranged; the sand setting device is arranged at the bottom of the permeameter main body; and at least one measuring hole is formed on the permeameter main body along the direction of the first porous plate to the second porous plate. According to the permeameter of the invention, a soil sample which has large sample particles and is suitable for high seepage gradient can be loaded in the test; the permeability test can be carried out by adopting the continuously circulating water; the influence of the air to the water stream in the soil sample can be eliminated with more accurate result. The invention also discloses a permeability coefficient measuring system with the above permeameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Geotechnical Engineering field, especially relate to a kind of permeameter of the infiltration coefficient that is used to study rock earth material sample and have its permeability coefficient measuring system.
Background technology
The perviousness of soil and the research of Seepage problems have become important and a be of practical significance problem in soil mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering field, it is closely related with the human lives, and the field that relates to has: water conservancy, building, traffic, mining, oil, agricultural and environment etc.Seepage flow can cause the seepage deformation of the soil body, directly influences the stable and safety of earth structure and ground; Seepage flow can cause water loss and reduce project benefit simultaneously.Seepage deformation, its relevant evaluation of seepage failure are elementary items in structural design and the stability analysis in the actual engineering, are directly connected to the safe and reliable and economical rationality of engineering design.Large-scale results of permeability tests is one of important means of checking seepage deformation computing method and the physical mechanism that discloses seepage force formation.
For hydraulic engineering, rock-fill dams are one of present widely used high dam dam types, the osmotic stability that guarantees each subregion of dam is one of key subject of rock-fill dams design and construction, and by all kinds of dams material being carried out the seepage failure test, obtaining it and destroy gradient, is the important means of research dam osmotic stability.
Existing permeameter and measuring system thereof are adapted to small sample, low-pressure permeability test more in the laboratory, can't satisfy the requirement of experiment of the rock earth material of bulky grain in the existing engineering, high infiltration gradient.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve at least one of technical matters that exists in the prior art.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of permeameter that is applicable to the big earth material of particle and the Penetration Signature of the earth material of high infiltration gradient.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of permeameter, be used to measure the infiltration coefficient of inviscid earth material, having comprised: the permeameter main body; First porous disc and second porous disc, described first porous disc and second porous disc are arranged in the described permeameter main body separates described permeameter main body with sealing ground, and described inviscid earth material can be contained in described first porous disc and described second porous disc and the formed seal cavity of described permeameter main body; Water inlet pipe, described water inlet pipe are located at the first porous disc place, one side of described permeameter main body, are used to supply water in the described permeameter main body; Rising pipe, described rising pipe are located at the second porous disc place, one side of described permeameter main body, are used for discharge water; Sand-settling device, described sand-settling device is arranged on the bottom of described permeameter main body, is used for sand setting; Wherein said permeameter main body is formed with at least one pressure tap on along described first porous disc to the direction of described second porous disc, described pressure tap is suitable for measuring the pressure of described permeameter body interior.
According to permeameter of the present invention, it is big and be suitable for the earth material sample of high infiltration gradient to load the sample particle in the test, and can adopt continuous round-robin water that the earth material sample is carried out permeability test, and but deaeration is to the influence of the current in the earth material sample, and the hydraulic pressure by measuring many places carries out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING to the actual osmosis system of earth material, the result is more accurate, and simple in structure, and is easy to use.
In addition, also have following additional technical feature according to permeameter of the present invention:
The adjacent setting of described sand-settling device with described water inlet pipe.The water that adopts owing to the permeameter according to the embodiment of the invention is Automatic Cycle, therefore the water after repeatedly circulating is than muddiness and carry a small amount of sand unavoidably secretly, sand-settling device the sand of carrying secretly in the precipitable water that enters from water inlet pipe is set, make the water that passes first porous disc comparatively pure, can improve the degree of accuracy of experimental result like this.Described permeameter main body is formed by transparent material, so that observe the seepage flow experimentation of permeameter body interior.
Described permeameter further comprises gas outlet, and described gas outlet is formed on the top of described permeameter main body.Like this, owing to contain air in the inviscid earth material, water can be carried air in certain amount secretly after penetrating inviscid earth material, can discharge by gas outlet thus.
Described pressure tap is located on the same line.
In one embodiment of the invention, described permeameter main body forms the column body of longitudinal size greater than lateral dimension.
Described permeameter main body forms upright right cylinder, and its highly be diameter 2-3 doubly, described water inlet pipe is positioned at the bottom of described permeameter main body, and described rising pipe is positioned at the top of described permeameter main body.The altitude range that can carry out the earth material sample of permeability test according to the permeameter of the embodiment of the invention can be very wide, applied range.
Further be provided with end cap on the top of described permeameter main body, described gas outlet is arranged on the described end cap.
Described permeameter further comprises: piston rod, described piston rod penetrate described end cap and can promote described second porous disc back and forth.
Like this, when the inviscid earth material of splendid attire in the permeameter main body,, as easy as rolling off a logly during the water infiltration taken out of, adopt piston rod to promote second porous disc thus and earth material can be compressed reality, prevent that earth material from suspending or flowing away with water by current because earth material has certain fluffy degree.In addition, exert pressure by piston rod and can be used to study the variation of the caused Penetration Signature of pressure that changes the earth material sample.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described permeameter main body forms the cylinder of lateral dimension greater than height.
Described permeameter main body forms cuboid, its length is 2-3 times of height, described water inlet pipe is positioned at a side of described permeameter main body, and described rising pipe is positioned at an other side of described permeameter main body, and described sand-settling device is arranged on the bottom of described permeameter main body.
Described pressure tap is formed on the outer wall of described permeameter main body along level equably, and is positioned at the central authorities of described permeameter main body in short transverse.Can measure the infiltration hydraulic pressure of multiple spot respectively,, make result of calculation more accurate to calculate the average infiltration coefficient of earth material.
According to permeameter of the present invention, simple in structure, easy to use, and the stressed pressurized situation of being convenient to observe the inner sample of permeameter.
Second purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of permeability coefficient measuring system that can be used for the earth material of bigger earth material of particle and high pressure Penetration Signature, and efficiency of measurement and precision are higher.
Permeability coefficient measuring system according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: above-mentioned permeameter; Water supply installation, described water supply installation is used to supply water to the water inlet pipe of described permeameter; And pressure tester, described pressure tester is connected to the pressure tap of described permeameter, is used to measure the interior pressure of described permeameter main body to obtain described infiltration coefficient.
Described water supply installation comprises: supply tank; The water that water pump, described water pump are used to drive in the supply tank circulates; Moisture separator, described moisture separator receive the water of supplying with from water pump and carry out aqueous vapor and separate, and the water inlet pipe of wherein said permeameter is connected to described moisture separator, and the rising pipe of described permeameter is connected to described supply tank.
Described moisture separator comprises: the moisture separator main body; The separation vessel water inlet pipe, described separation vessel water inlet pipe inserts in the described moisture separator main body from the bottom of described moisture separator main body; The separation vessel rising pipe, described separation vessel rising pipe inserts in the described moisture separator main body from the bottom of described moisture separator main body, and described separation vessel water inlet pipe inserts the interior length of described moisture separator main body is inserted described moisture separator main body greater than described separation vessel rising pipe length; With the separation vessel gas outlet, described separation vessel gas outlet is located at the top of moisture separator main body and is suitable for feeding supply tank.
After water enters the moisture separator main body from the separation vessel water inlet pipe, flow down from the higher position, increase the vortex disturbance of the water in the moisture separator main body, thereby the gas in the release water outlet, the glassware for drinking water that pumps into from water pump has predetermined pressure simultaneously, pressure reduces after flowing into this moisture separator, and dissolved gases is also easier in the water discharges.
Described pressure tester comprises measuring cell and tensimeter, and described measuring cell links to each other with the pressure tap of described permeameter to measure described permeameter internal pressure respectively with tensimeter.
Described water pump is communicated with the separation vessel water inlet pipe of described moisture separator.
Described permeability coefficient measuring system further comprises first pressure regulator valve that is used to supply water and regulates, and described first pressure regulator valve is connected on the path of described water pump and described separation vessel water inlet pipe.
Described permeability coefficient measuring system further comprises second pressure regulator valve that is used to supply water and regulates, and described second pressure regulator valve is connected on the exit passageway of described separation vessel gas outlet.
Described permeability coefficient measuring system further comprises the 3rd pressure regulator valve that is used to supply water and regulates, and described the 3rd pressure regulator valve is connected on the path of water inlet pipe of described separation vessel rising pipe and described permeameter.
Described permeability coefficient measuring system also further comprises surplus valve, and surplus valve is located at pump outlet, and superfluous water is turned back in the supply tank, makes the exit of pump constant pressure.
According to the permeability coefficient measuring system of the embodiment of the invention, adopt automatic water cycle mode, can save great lot of water resources.According to the permeability coefficient measuring system of the embodiment of the invention, in process of the test, data collector can real time record, and efficient is higher, and measures science more, and precision is higher, and data are more accurate.In addition, permeability coefficient measuring system according to the embodiment of the invention, the earth material Penetration Signature that not only is applicable to small sample, hyposmosis gradient is measured, and can also be applicable to all kinds of earth materials or high Penetration Signature measurement of permeating the earth material of gradient as coarse-grained soil that the sample particle is bigger.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment in conjunction with following accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of permeameter according to an embodiment of the invention, and wherein, the permeameter main body is upright right cylinder;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of permeameter in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, the permeameter main body is a cuboid;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the permeability coefficient measuring system of another embodiment according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the moisture separator among Fig. 3; And
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the measuring cell among Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, only is used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, term " interior ", " outward ", " vertically ", " level ", " on ", close the orientation of indications such as D score, " top ", " end " or position is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation, only be the present invention for convenience of description rather than require the present invention therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention with specific orientation structure and operation.
Below with reference to the permeameter and permeability coefficient measuring system with this permeameter of Fig. 1-Fig. 5 description according to the embodiment of the invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2,, be used to measure the infiltration coefficient of inviscid earth material, comprise permeameter main body 11, first porous disc 121 and second porous disc 122, water inlet pipe 13, rising pipe 14 and sand-settling device 15 according to a kind of permeameter 1 of the present invention.Wherein, be limited with sealed chamber in the permeameter main body 11, in an example of the present invention, permeameter main body 11 is formed by transparent material, so that observe the seepage flow experimentation of permeameter main body 11 inside.Alternatively, permeameter main body 11 can be made up of waste and old steel pipe, and the intensity height can carry out the permeability test of the higher earth material sample of density, and cost-saved.
In addition, on permeameter main body 11, be formed with a pressure tap 16 at least, be suitable for measuring permeameter main body 11 pressure inside.Alternatively, pressure tap 16 is located on the same line.
First porous disc 121 and second porous disc 122 are arranged in the permeameter main body 11 separates permeameter main body 11 with sealing ground, and the sealed chamber in the permeameter main body 11 are divided into first chamber 111, second chamber 112 and the 3rd chamber 113 successively, wherein inviscid earth material can be contained in second chamber 112 that is positioned in the middle of first porous disc 121 and second porous disc 122.And, at least one pressure tap 16 be formed on permeameter main body 11 on the direction of first porous disc, 121 to second porous discs 122.
Sand-settling device 15 is arranged on the bottom of permeameter main body 11, is used for sand setting.In an example of the present invention, sand-settling device 15 and water inlet pipe 13 adjacent settings.The water that adopts owing to the permeameter 1 according to the embodiment of the invention is Automatic Cycle, therefore the water after repeatedly circulating is than muddiness and carry a small amount of sand unavoidably secretly, sand-settling device 15 the sand of carrying secretly in the precipitable water that enters from water inlet pipe 13 is set, make the water that passes first porous disc 121 comparatively pure, can improve the degree of accuracy of experimental result like this.
In one embodiment of the invention, permeameter 1 further comprises gas outlet 17, gas outlet 17 is positioned at rising pipe 14 1 sides and is formed on the top of permeameter main body 11, like this, owing to contain air in the inviscid earth material, water can be carried air in certain amount secretly after penetrating inviscid earth material, can discharge by gas outlet 17 thus.
As shown in Figure 1, in one of them embodiment of the present invention, permeameter main body 11 forms the column body of longitudinal size greater than lateral dimension, for example can be upright right cylinder.Alternatively, the height of permeameter main body 11 is 2-3 a times of diameter, and the altitude range that can carry out the earth material sample of permeability test like this can be very wide, applied range.At this moment, water inlet pipe 13 is positioned at the bottom of permeameter main body 11, and rising pipe 14 is positioned at the top of permeameter main body 11.
Further be provided with end cap 18 on the top of permeameter main body 11, end cap 18 is with the top seal of this permeameter main body 11, and gas outlet 17 is arranged on the end cap 18.
In another example of the present invention, permeameter 1 further comprises piston rod 19, and this piston rod 19 penetrates end cap 18, and is connected on second porous disc 122 and can promotes second porous disc 122 back and forth.Like this, when the inviscid earth material of splendid attire in the permeameter main body 11,, as easy as rolling off a logly when water permeates taken out of by current because earth material has certain fluffy degree, adopt piston rod 19 to promote second porous disc 122 thus and earth material can be compressed reality, prevent that earth material from suspending or flowing away with water.In addition, exert pressure by piston rod 19 and can be used to study the variation of the caused Penetration Signature of pressure that changes the earth material sample.
In some of them example of the present invention, when permeameter main body 11 was the column body, at least one pressure tap 16 was formed on along on the axial direction of permeameter main body 11, was used to measure the infiltration hydraulic pressure of these pressure tap 16 place height, to calculate the infiltration coefficient of earth material.Alternatively, measured hole 16 can be a plurality of and is formed uniformly on a straight line axial along permeameter main body 11, and measures the infiltration hydraulic pressure of multiple spot respectively, to calculate the average infiltration coefficient of earth material, makes result of calculation more accurate.
In other example of the present invention, the bottom design of permeameter main body 11 has support 10 (not shown in figure 1)s that support and fix it.
As shown in Figure 2, in another embodiment of the present invention, permeameter main body 11 forms the cylinder of lateral dimension greater than height, for example can be cuboid.The length of this permeameter main body 11 is 2-3 times of height.Water inlet pipe 13 is positioned at a side bottom of permeameter main body 11, and rising pipe 14 is positioned at an other side of permeameter main body 11, and sand-settling device 15 is arranged on the bottom of permeameter main body 11.Alternatively, sand-settling device 15 can be provided with a plurality of, is two for example, is separately positioned on the bottom of second chamber 112 and the bottom of the 3rd chamber 113, carries the precision of sand with warranty test when reducing water cycle as much as possible secretly.
In some of them example of the present invention, pressure tap 16 is formed on the outer wall of permeameter main body 11, and is positioned at the central authorities of permeameter main body 11 in short transverse, is used to measure the infiltration hydraulic pressure at this place, pressure tap 16 places, to calculate the infiltration coefficient of earth material.Alternatively, measured hole 16 can be a plurality of and is formed uniformly at one and measures the infiltration hydraulic pressure of multiple spot respectively along on the horizontal linear of permeameter main body 11 central authorities, to calculate the average infiltration coefficient of earth material, makes result of calculation more accurate.
In other example of the present invention, the bottom design of permeameter main body 11 has the support 10 that supports and fix it, as shown in Figure 2.
According to permeameter of the present invention, according to permeameter of the present invention, can adopt continuous round-robin water that the earth material sample is carried out permeability test, and but deaeration is to the influence of the current in the earth material sample, and the hydraulic pressure by measuring many places carries out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING to the actual osmosis system of earth material, and the result is more accurate.And simple in structure, easy to use, and the stressed pressurized situation of being convenient to observe the inner sample of permeameter.
Below with reference to a kind of permeability coefficient measuring system of Fig. 3-Fig. 5 description according to the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 3, permeability coefficient measuring system comprises permeameter 1, water supply installation 2 and pressure tester 3 according to an embodiment of the invention.Wherein, permeameter 1 is the permeameter 1 described in the embodiment of front.
Water supply installation 2 is used to supply water to the water inlet pipe 13 of permeameter 1, comprises supply tank 21, water pump 22 and moisture separator 23.The water that water pump 22 is used to drive in the supply tank 21 circulates.Moisture separator 23 receives the water of being supplied with from water pump 22 and carries out aqueous vapor and separate, and can guarantee that air in the water does not enter in the earth material sample in the permeameter 1, has got rid of the influence of air to current in the earth material sample.Wherein, the water inlet pipe 13 of permeameter 1 is connected to moisture separator 23, and the rising pipe 14 of permeameter 1 is connected to supply tank 21.As shown in Figure 4, moisture separator 23 comprises: moisture separator main body 231, separation vessel water inlet pipe 232, separation vessel rising pipe 233 and separation vessel gas outlet 234.
Wherein, separation vessel water inlet pipe 232 and separation vessel rising pipe 233 insert in the moisture separator main body 231 from the bottom of moisture separator main body 231 respectively, separation vessel water inlet pipe 232 is communicated with water pump 22 with to moisture separator main body 231 private water supplies, and separation vessel rising pipe 233 links to each other with the water inlet pipe 13 of permeameter 1 to supply water in permeameter 1.Separation vessel gas outlet 234 is located at the top of moisture separator main body 231 and is suitable for feeding supply tank.
In one of them example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the bottom that moisture separator main body 231 comprises columniform lower house, is positioned at the conical upper shell at lower house top and is positioned at this lower house bottom.The cone tip opening of upper shell, separation vessel gas outlet 234 is located at this opening part.Separation vessel water inlet pipe 232 and separation vessel rising pipe 233 each intervals are turned up the soil and are inserted in the moisture separator main body 231 from bottom respectively.
Separation vessel water inlet pipe 232 inserts moisture separator main body 231 interior length are inserted moisture separator main bodys 231 greater than separation vessel rising pipe 233 length.Like this, after water enters moisture separator main body 231 from separation vessel water inlet pipe 232, flow down from the higher position, increase the vortex disturbance of the water in the moisture separator main body 231, thereby the gas in the release water outlet, the glassware for drinking water that pumps into from water pump has predetermined pressure simultaneously, and pressure reduces after flowing into this moisture separator, and dissolved gases is also easier in the water discharges.
In an example of the present invention, permeability coefficient measuring system further comprises first pressure regulator valve 41 that is used to supply water and regulates, and this first pressure regulator valve 41 is connected on the path of water pump 22 and separation vessel water inlet pipe 232.
In another example of the present invention, permeability coefficient measuring system comprises that further second pressure regulator valve, 42, the second pressure regulator valves of regulating 42 that are used to supply water are connected on the exit passageway of separation vessel gas outlet 234.
In another example of the present invention, permeability coefficient measuring system comprises further that also the 3rd pressure regulator valve 43, the three pressure regulator valves 43 regulated of being used to supply water are connected on the path of separation vessel rising pipe 233 and the water inlet pipe 13 of permeameter 1.
In another one example of the present invention, permeability coefficient measuring system also further comprises surplus valve, and surplus valve is located at pump outlet, and superfluous water is turned back in the supply tank, makes the exit of pump constant pressure.
Pressure tester 3 is connected to the pressure tap 16 of permeameter 1, is used to measure pressure in the permeameter main body 11 to obtain infiltration coefficient.Wherein, pressure tester 3 comprises measuring cell 31 and tensimeter 32, and measuring cell 31 links to each other with the pressure tap 16 of permeameter 1 respectively to measure permeameter 1 internal pressure with tensimeter 32.As shown in Figure 5, measuring cell 31 comprises support 312 and at least one piezometric tube 311 that is arranged on the support 312, and the quantity of piezometric tube 311 is identical with the quantity of at least one pressure tap 16 of permeameter 1, and also identical with the quantity of tensimeter 32.Each piezometric tube 311 its corresponding pressure tap 16 links to each other, and link to each other to measure the hydraulic pressure of these pressure tap 16 positions with a tensimeter, a plurality of manometric values are carried out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, and with this actual infiltration coefficient that calculates the cohesiveless soil material samples, it is more accurate to obtain a result.
According to another embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 3, permeability coefficient measuring system further comprises automaton, is used for data acquisition, calculating and signal condition, and this automaton comprises the hydraulic pressure sensor of computing machine, data collecting card, signal conditioner and measurement hydraulic pressure.
According to the permeability coefficient measuring system of the embodiment of the invention, adopt automatic water cycle mode, can save great lot of water resources.In the practical application, when the earth material sample of various combination being done permeability test to find out infiltration during gradient, test period is long, probably can save great amount of water resources about 10 hours, satisfies environmental requirement.
To the course of work according to the permeability coefficient measuring system of the embodiment of the invention be described according to Fig. 3 below.
1) dress sample: from air-dry, loose cohesiveless soil material samples, get representative earth material sample, carry out screen analysis test, determine the grain composition of sample.
According to test materials particle diameter, be not less than 5 times of selection instruments of sample d85 by the instrument internal diameter then.
Again, Kong Zhi unit dry weight and specimen height are as required calculated the required weight of sample, take by weighing batching after, be to reduce thickness material segregation phenomenon, guarantee the homogeneity of sample, can drink and add the moisture that is equivalent to samples weighed 1～2%, mix evenly after, in the permeameter 1 of packing into.
2) saturated: as after the earth material sample installs, to measure the true altitude of sample, adopt the saturation method that drips to carry out saturated, exhaust then.
3) behind the sample saturation, open water supply installation, select initial infiltration gradient.
4) treat stable after, raise head after 30 minutes to 1 hour for the first time, measure and the water level of record piezometric tube, and read water percolating capacity 3 times with graduated cylinder, survey read time at every turn and be generally at interval 10-20 minute.Survey simultaneously and read water temperature, room temperature and sample settling amount.
Examine the phenomenon that occurs in the process of the test, as the muddy degree of water, emit bubble, fine grain beat, move or by current take out of, the soil body suspends the variation of seepage flow and piezometric level etc., and record.
5) if the water level and the water percolating capacity that record for three times are basicly stable, no abnormal again phenomenon can rise to the next stage head.And, all repeat step 4) for every grade of seepage gradient, and destroy until the earth material sample, when head can not continue to increase again, can finish test.
According to the permeability coefficient measuring system of the embodiment of the invention, in process of the test, data collector can real time record, and efficient is higher, and measures science more, and precision is higher, and data are more accurate.In addition, permeability coefficient measuring system according to the embodiment of the invention, the earth material Penetration Signature that not only is applicable to small sample, hyposmosis gradient is measured, and can also be applicable to all kinds of earth materials or high Penetration Signature measurement of permeating the earth material of gradient as coarse-grained soil that the sample particle is bigger.
In addition, be not limited to the scope described in the present invention's explanation, also can be used for the occasion of other similar effects as moisture separator according to the purposes of each equipment in the embodiment of the invention.
In the description of this instructions, concrete feature, structure, material or characteristics that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " illustrative examples ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means in conjunction with this embodiment or example description are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete feature, structure, material or the characteristics of description can be with the suitable manner combination in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (21)
1. permeameter, described permeameter is used to measure the infiltration coefficient of inviscid earth material, comprising:
The permeameter main body;
First porous disc and second porous disc, described first porous disc and second porous disc are arranged in the described permeameter main body separates described permeameter main body with sealing ground, and described inviscid earth material can be contained in described first porous disc and described second porous disc and the formed seal cavity of described permeameter main body;
Water inlet pipe, described water inlet pipe are located at the first porous disc place, one side of described permeameter main body, are used to supply water in the described permeameter main body;
Rising pipe, described rising pipe are located at the second porous disc place, one side of described permeameter main body, are used for discharge water;
Sand-settling device, described sand-settling device is arranged on the bottom of described permeameter main body, is used for sand setting; Wherein
Described permeameter main body is formed with at least one pressure tap on along described first porous disc to the direction of described second porous disc, described pressure tap is suitable for measuring the pressure of described permeameter body interior.
2. permeameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the adjacent setting with described water inlet pipe of described sand-settling device.
3. permeameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described permeameter main body is formed by transparent material.
4. permeameter according to claim 1 further comprises:
Gas outlet, described gas outlet is formed on the top of described permeameter main body.
5. permeameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that described pressure tap is located on the same line.
6. permeameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described permeameter main body forms the column body of longitudinal size greater than lateral dimension.
7. permeameter according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described permeameter main body forms upright right cylinder, and it highly is 2-3 times of diameter, described water inlet pipe is positioned at the bottom of described permeameter main body, and described rising pipe is positioned at the top of described permeameter main body.
8. permeameter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, further is provided with end cap on the top of described permeameter main body, and described gas outlet is arranged on the described end cap.
9. permeameter according to claim 8 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Piston rod, described piston rod penetrate described end cap and can promote described second porous disc back and forth.
10. permeameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described permeameter main body forms the cylinder of lateral dimension greater than height.
11. permeameter according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described permeameter main body forms cuboid, its length is 2-3 times of height, described water inlet pipe is positioned at a side of described permeameter main body, and described rising pipe is positioned at an other side of described permeameter main body, and described sand-settling device is arranged on the bottom of described permeameter main body.
12. permeameter according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described pressure tap is formed on the outer wall of described permeameter main body along level equably, and is positioned at the central authorities of described permeameter main body in short transverse.
13. a permeability coefficient measuring system is characterized in that, comprising:
Permeameter as claimed in claim 1;
Water supply installation, described water supply installation is used to supply water to the water inlet pipe of described permeameter; And
Pressure tester, described pressure tester is connected to the pressure tap of described permeameter, is used to measure the interior pressure of described permeameter main body to obtain described infiltration coefficient.
14. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described water supply installation comprises:
Supply tank;
The water that water pump, described water pump are used to drive in the supply tank circulates;
Moisture separator, described moisture separator receive the water of supplying with from water pump and carry out aqueous vapor and separate, and the water inlet pipe of wherein said permeameter is connected to described moisture separator, and the rising pipe of described permeameter is connected to described supply tank.
15. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described moisture separator comprises:
The moisture separator main body;
The separation vessel water inlet pipe, described separation vessel water inlet pipe inserts in the described moisture separator main body from the bottom of described moisture separator main body;
The separation vessel rising pipe, described separation vessel rising pipe inserts in the described moisture separator main body from the bottom of described moisture separator main body, and described separation vessel water inlet pipe inserts the interior length of described moisture separator main body is inserted described moisture separator main body greater than described separation vessel rising pipe length; With
Separation vessel gas outlet, described separation vessel gas outlet are located at the top of moisture separator main body and are suitable for feeding supply tank.
16. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 15 is characterized in that, described pressure tester comprises measuring cell and tensimeter, and described measuring cell links to each other with the pressure tap of described permeameter to measure described permeameter internal pressure respectively with tensimeter.
17. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 15 is characterized in that, described water pump is communicated with the separation vessel water inlet pipe of described moisture separator.
18. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 17 is characterized in that, further comprises first pressure regulator valve that is used to supply water and regulates, described first pressure regulator valve is connected on the path of described water pump and described separation vessel water inlet pipe.
19. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 18 is characterized in that, further comprises second pressure regulator valve that is used to supply water and regulates, described second pressure regulator valve is connected on the exit passageway of described separation vessel gas outlet.
20. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 18 is characterized in that, further comprises the 3rd pressure regulator valve that is used to supply water and regulates, described the 3rd pressure regulator valve is connected on the path of water inlet pipe of described separation vessel rising pipe and described permeameter.
21. permeability coefficient measuring system according to claim 14 is characterized in that, permeability coefficient measuring system also further comprises surplus valve, and surplus valve is located at described pump outlet, and superfluous water is turned back in the supply tank, makes the exit of pump constant pressure.
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| CN102419298A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-04-18 | 西安理工大学 | Seepage device for slurry of coarse grained soil |
| CN102590063A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林大学 | Test device and test method for penetration clogging of soil |
| CN102866095A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-09 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | Multifunctional seepage deformation tester and test method thereof |
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| CN102590063A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林大学 | Test device and test method for penetration clogging of soil |
| CN102590063B (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2014-01-22 | 吉林大学 | Test device and test method for penetration clogging of soil |
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| CN107421874B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2023-10-10 | 湘潭大学 | Horizontal seepage test device and use method thereof |
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| CN108760564A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-06 | 河海大学 | For testing the persistent experimental provision of gas in unsaturation sand |
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