CN101940646B - 一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物 - Google Patents

一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物 Download PDF

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CN101940646B
CN101940646B CN2010102744658A CN201010274465A CN101940646B CN 101940646 B CN101940646 B CN 101940646B CN 2010102744658 A CN2010102744658 A CN 2010102744658A CN 201010274465 A CN201010274465 A CN 201010274465A CN 101940646 B CN101940646 B CN 101940646B
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herba
infectious bronchitis
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CN101940646A (zh
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陈鹏举
贺桂芬
侯卫东
吴华
李文华
赵庆枫
陈黎明
李灵平
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Xuchang Tianma Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，属于兽药领域，主要由下述重量份的中药材组成：杏仁10～15份、桂枝15～25份、茵陈15～22份、甘草8～15份、陈皮15～25份、车前子10～15份、黄芪16～25份、桔梗18～30份、金钱草20～30份、瞿麦20～30份。本发明的药物为纯中药产品，能有效地避免药物残留和食品安全问题，方中诸药相互为用，以成宣通肺气、通利肾脏之功，则咳喘、肾肿、花斑肾等症状自然悉除。为方便出售和使用，可将上方各药味粉碎制成成散剂。用治肾型传染性支气管炎，可按吃料量的2～3％取散剂煮水，药水饮水，药渣拌料。大量临床试验显示，连续用药5天，约97％的病禽症状消失，基本痊愈。

Description

一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物
技术领域
本发明属于兽药领域，特别涉及一种用于预防和治疗肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物。
背景技术
随着国民经济的发展，人们对肉食品的消费能力不断增强，对禽类肉食品的需求量也呈明显的上升趋势。为满足旺盛的市场需求，这就需要大力发展养殖业，促进养殖业的规模化生产。
然而，肾型传染性支气管炎作为常见的禽类呼吸道疾病已在我国的许多省区散发性流行多年，以鸡最为易感，给我国养禽业带来了较大的经济损失。过去治疗肾型传染性支气管炎曾用过利巴韦林、病毒唑等抗病毒药物，但效果并不显著。同时，这些药物还易残留。由于本来能用的西药抗病毒药物就少，而这些药物如今又都被农业部禁用，致使禽类病毒性疾病的治疗性药物出现了空白。由此可见，肾型传染性支气管炎作为禽类常发的病毒性疾病之一，目前临床上尚缺乏较好的治疗药物，因此急待开发一种安全、可靠的抗病毒性药物以满足实际生产的需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供了一种预防和治疗肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物。
基于这一目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，主要由下述重量份的中药材组成：杏仁10～15份、桂枝15～25份、茵陈15～22份、甘草8～15份、陈皮15～25份、车前子10～15份、黄芪16～25份、桔梗18～30份、金钱草20～30份、瞿麦20～30份。
以重量份计，所述中药组合物还包括：虎杖16～28份、白术25～36份、茯苓20～30份、龙胆10～15份、麦芽10～18份、猪苓10～15份、续断12～18份、板蓝根25～36份、黄芩20～30份、党参8～12份、淫羊藿25～36份、丁香4～8份、神曲12～20份、泽泻8～15份、海金沙8～15份、麻黄8～15份、鱼腥草12～20份。
中医认为：肾为北方王葵水，肺属西方庚辛金，根据五行生克制化规律两者是金水相生关系。因此肺肾在生理上、病理上相互影响，密不可分。肺主气，可呼吸，肾主纳气，唯有肺气充足，肾气固守于下，两者上下呼应，彼此配合，吸入之气下纳于肺，呼吸方可调匀。若肾功能不足，摄纳无权，肾不纳气也可出现呼多吸少、动则气喘、呼吸困难等。所以有“肺为气之主，肾为气之根”之说。再者肺居高位为水之上源，肾主水可开合，主水之气化废水排泄。在正常生理情况下肺主宣发，通调水道，参与体内水的代谢，益助肾水通利下行；在病理情况下肺固感受外界风寒、风热之邪，邪气郁闭于肺，则肺气壑之不降，宣通功能失调，造成肺气不降则咳。肺气不宣则喘，除发生咳喘、胸满、呼吸不利外，还可导致气不行，水不利，通调水道功能失职，致使代谢之水滞留于肺，进而影响肾之气化功能，清者不升，浊者不降，导致临床出现肾肿和尿酸盐大量沉积。致以肾型传染性支气管炎的病因、临床症状、病理变化基本与中医理论相吻合，在中药治疗时必须采取肺肾同治之法，方能达到预期的治疗效果。
上方中桂枝、麻黄为君药，桂枝辛、甘，温，入心、肺、膀胱经，发汗解肌，温通经脉，助阳化气，既可发散肺之风寒之邪，又可温化膀胱化气利尿。麻黄辛、微苦，温，入肺、膀胱经，善发汗散寒、宣肺平喘、利水消肿，作用重点在于宣肺。杏仁、桔梗为臣药，杏仁，苦、温，入肺、大肠经，止咳平喘，能止咳平喘、苦泄降气、润肠通便；桔梗苦、辛、寒，入肺经，长于宣肺祛痰、疏散风邪、排脓消肿，是治外感风寒或风热所致咳嗽、咽喉肿痛等常用药。杏仁、桔梗不仅具有止咳平喘功效，还可助肾气化，通利水道而利尿排淋(尿酸盐等废物)，此即中医的“宣上导下法”。猪苓、茵陈、车前子、金钱草、瞿麦为佐。猪苓甘、淡、平，入肾、膀胱经，可利水通淋，除湿退肿。茵陈苦、微寒，入脾、胃、肝、胆经，该品苦泄下降，功专清利湿热。车前子甘、淡、寒，入肝、肾、小肠经，该品性寒而滑利，故能利水通淋，清肝明目。金钱草甘、咸，微寒，归肝、胆、肾、膀胱经，具利湿退黄、利尿通淋、解毒消肿之功效。瞿麦苦、寒，入心、小肠经，苦寒沉降，通心经而行血，利尿液而清热。甘草甘、平，入十二经，具有补中益气、清热解毒、润肺止咳等功效，能缓和药性，为本方使药。诸药相互为用，以成宣通肺气、通利肾脏之功，则咳喘、肾肿、花斑肾等症状自然悉除。
上方各药味粉碎后过300目筛混匀装袋，即成散剂。用治肾型传染性支气管炎，可按吃料量的2～3％取散剂煮水，药水饮水，药渣拌料。大量临床试验显示，采用杏仁10～15份、桂枝15～25份、茵陈15～22份、甘草8～15份、陈皮15～25份、车前子10～15份、黄芪16～25份、桔梗18～30份、金钱草20～30份、瞿麦20～30份连续治疗5天，治愈率在85％左右；若采用杏仁10～15份、桂枝15～25份、茵陈15～22份、甘草8～15份、陈皮15～25份、车前子10～15份、黄芪16～25份、桔梗18～30份、金钱草20～30份、瞿麦20～30份、虎杖16～28份、白术25～36份、茯苓20～30份、龙胆10～15份、麦芽10～18份、猪苓10～15份、续断12～18份、板蓝根25～36份、黄芩20～30份、党参8～12份、淫羊藿25～36份、丁香4～8份、神曲12～20份、泽泻8～15份、海金沙8～15份、麻黄8～15份、鱼腥草12～20份连续治疗5天，约97％的病禽症状消失，基本痊愈。
本发明的药物为纯中药产品，能有效地避免药物残留和食品安全问题，适宜在畜牧生产中进行推广。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，由下述重量份的中药材组成：杏仁10份、桂枝15份、茵陈15份、甘草10份、陈皮15份、车前子10份、黄芪16份、桔梗18份、金钱草20份、瞿麦20份。
实施例2
一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，由下述重量份的中药材组成：杏仁12份、桂枝20份、茵陈18份、甘草12份、陈皮20份、车前子15份、黄芪20份、桔梗25份、金钱草25份、瞿麦25份。
实施例3
一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，由下述重量份的中药材组成：虎杖16份、杏仁10份、白术25份、桂枝15份、茯苓20份、龙胆10份、茵陈15份、麦芽10份、甘草8份、陈皮15份、车前子10份、猪苓10份、续断12份、黄芪16份、板蓝根25份、黄芩20份、桔梗18份、党参8份、淫羊藿25份、丁香4份、金钱草20份、瞿麦20份、神曲12份、泽泻8份、海金沙8份、麻黄8份、鱼腥草12份。
实施例4
一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，由下述重量份的中药材组成：虎杖20份、杏仁12份、白术30份、桂枝20份、茯苓25份、龙胆12份、茵陈18份、麦芽15份、甘草10份、陈皮20份、车前子12份、猪苓12份、续断15份、黄芪20份、板蓝根30份、黄芩25份、桔梗22份、党参10份、淫羊藿30份、丁香5份、金钱草25份、瞿麦25份、神曲15份、泽泻10份、海金沙10份、麻黄10份、鱼腥草15份。
实施例5
一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，由下述重量份的中药材组成：虎杖28份、杏仁15份、白术36份、桂枝25份、茯苓30份、龙胆15份、茵陈22份、麦芽18份、甘草15份、陈皮25份、车前子15份、猪苓15份、续断18份、黄芪25份、板蓝根36份、黄芩30份、桔梗30份、党参12份、淫羊藿36份、丁香8份、金钱草30份、瞿麦30份、神曲20份、泽泻15份、海金沙15份、麻黄15份、鱼腥草20份。
病例1
2008年12月，河南省郑州市中牟县畜主王某家1000只快大鸡张口呼吸，拉白屎，死亡率不是太高，5％左右。病理变化为花斑肾，支气管三岔口处有黏液和干酪样物质，结合疫苗免疫程序和实验室检测结果诊断为肾传染性支气管炎。取实施例1的中药组合物粉碎、过300目筛并混匀；按吃料量的3％取该散剂煮水，药水饮水，药渣拌料，连用5天后症状基本消失，疾病得愈，用药期间无一例死亡。
病例2
2009年3月，河南省新郑市畜主李某饲喂的5000只三黄鸡中约有80％的鸡只出现啰音、咳嗽等呼吸道症状，拉灰白稀粪，精神不振，食欲减退，渴欲增加，死亡率8％左右。病理变化见气囊浑浊，花斑肾、支气管三岔口处有黏液和干酪样物质，结合疫苗免疫程序和实验室检测结果诊断为肾传染性支气管炎和支原体感染。取实施例4的中药组合物粉碎、过300目筛并混匀；按吃料量的2％取剂量进行煮水，药水饮水，药渣拌料，同时使用强力霉素(口服饮水，50mg/L)，连用5天后97％的患病鸡只症状完全消失，疾病得愈。

Claims (2)

1.一种防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，主要由下述重量份的中药材组成：杏仁10～15份、桂枝15～25份、茵陈15～22份、甘草8～15份、陈皮15～25份、车前子10～15份、黄芪16～25份、桔梗18～30份、金钱草20～30份、瞿麦20～30份。
2.如权利要求1所述防治肾型传染性支气管炎的中药组合物，其特征是，以重量份计，该组合物还包括：虎杖16～28份、白术25～36份、茯苓20～30份、龙胆10～15份、麦芽10～18份、猪苓10～15份、续断12～18份、板蓝根25～36份、黄芩20～30份、党参8～12份、淫羊藿25～36份、丁香4～8份、神曲12～20份、泽泻8～15份、海金沙8～15份、麻黄8～15份、鱼腥草12～20份。
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