CN101935228A - Method and complete set of equipment for making high-quality pore-forming agent by using waste straws - Google Patents
Method and complete set of equipment for making high-quality pore-forming agent by using waste straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN101935228A CN101935228A CN2010102482693A CN201010248269A CN101935228A CN 101935228 A CN101935228 A CN 101935228A CN 2010102482693 A CN2010102482693 A CN 2010102482693A CN 201010248269 A CN201010248269 A CN 201010248269A CN 101935228 A CN101935228 A CN 101935228A
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Abstract
The invention establishes a process flow for making a high-quality pore-forming agent by using waste straws in view of the current situation that serious resource waste, environmental pollution and potential safety hazard are caused by burning or discarding a large number of waste straws in situ after crops are harvested in China. The process overcomes the defects of the traditional process of producing the pore-forming agent, has simple and convenient operation, small investment and not high facility requirement and is especially applicable to small and medium township enterprises. The produced pore-forming agent is mainly suitable for producing porous materials, especially high-quality porous ceramic granules and foam glass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize the agriculture waste stalk to prepare the method for pore-forming material; the solid waste resource recovery that belongs to environment protection and comprehensive utilization of resources field utilizes new technology, is applicable to the high added value recycling and the pollution control of the agricultural wastes of a large amount of generations.The pore-forming material that makes is mainly used in the production of many empty potteries and multicellular glass, is particularly useful for the production of high-quality porous ceramic grain.
Background technology
At present, the research and development of porous material has been subjected to people's common concern, and the application of this class material aspect the energy, environmental protection, chemical industry more and more widely brought very considerable economic and social benefit.In the manufacturing processed of how empty material, pore-forming material is one of important starting material, and wherein the carbon back pore-forming material occupies consequence.
On the other hand, China is agriculture production big country, is the country of agricultural wastes quantum of output maximum in the world, and annual output is more than 4,000,000,000 tons, and wherein agricultural crop straw is about 700,000,000 tons, wherein based on straw, corn stalk, wheat straw, accounts for 77.2% of stalk total amount.Yet, in recent years along with developing rapidly of agriculture production and improving constantly of life of farmers level, the fuel in China's rural areas structure changes gradually, the people in the countryside of the commodity in use energy increase gradually, fewer and feweri to utilizing of original agricultural stalk as fertilizer and fuel, the straw utilization rate is tangible reduction trend, most of agricultural stalk behind crop harvesting by on-site incineration or abandon everywhere, cause the waste of available stock, cause CO simultaneously
2, SO
2Deng gas purging, polluted air, increased the weight of global warming.With pollution to ecotope.Therefore, how rationally to utilize the agricultural wastes resource, realize that really agricultural wastes become " giving up " and are " treasured ", to accelerating China's new countryside construction, protection rural ecological environment promotes the Sustainable development of agricultural to have great importance.
Contain a large amount of organic substances in the agricultural wastes, oxidizing reaction at high temperature takes place discharge gas, the whipping agent that can be used as in the how empty material produce process uses, but this class waste is used for existing when whipping agent uses the defective of two aspects: the Mierocrystalline cellulose that (1) agricultural wastes are rich in causes its grinding performance relatively poor; (2) unit mass waste gas forming amount is bigger, causes the inhomogeneous and single hole volume of how empty material hole gap structure prepared excessive and restive.At these defectives, the present invention has established the technical process of discarded agricultural stalk charing modulation carbon back pore-forming material in air atmosphere, the product of producing can overcome after the discarded crushed stalk directly two typical defects of pore-creating well, major cause is: the product cellulosic structure after handle through charing (1) is destroyed, and grinding performance is greatly improved; (2) carbon content through charing processing back product is lower than starting materials, and at high temperature gas forming amount descends, and helps forming tiny and uniform pore texture.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to a large amount of depleted stalk on-site incinerations in China farm crop results back or abandon everywhere, cause the present situation of the serious wasting of resources, environmental pollution and potential safety hazard, established a kind ofly being applicable to that with discarded agricultural stalk be the technical process of starting material production high-quality pore-forming material.This working of an invention not only can realize the high added value recycling of this class waste, and can solve rural area surplus labour force, revitalizes local economy and quickens the construction process in the new rural area of China.
Content of the present invention is: utilize the method and the suite of equipment of agriculture waste stalk modulation high-quality pore-forming material, its feature comprises the following steps:
(a) pre-treatment: utilize shear pulverizer will discard the segment that stalk cuts into 1-5cm;
(b) thermal treatment: will shear good stalk and in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, stack by certain requirement, in air atmosphere, be heated to certain temperature and implement the charing processing by certain temperature increasing schedule, keep stopping heating behind the certain hour, be cooled to room temperature by certain cooling system;
(c) grinding is handled: the stalk carbon after the charing is implemented grinding in planetary ball mill, control the ball milling time as required;
(d) stage treatment: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, and the pore-forming material of production sharing different-grain diameter is packed respectively.
In the content of the present invention, step (b) thermal treatment replaces with: will shear good stalk loose stacking in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, do not overstock too real, in air atmosphere, be heated to 300-400 ℃, temperature rise rate is controlled at 25-35 ℃/minute, keep stopping after 2-5 minute heating, naturally cool to room temperature;
In the content of the present invention, step (c) grinding is handled and to be replaced with: with the stalk carbon after the charing in planetary ball mill grinding 1-5 minute, rotating speed was controlled at 100-300 rev/min;
In the content of the present invention, step (d) stage treatment replaces with: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, product can be divided into (1)＞2mm pore-forming material; (2) 2mm-1mm pore-forming material; (3) 1mm-0.5mm pore-forming material; (4) 0.5mm-0.1mm pore-forming material; (5)＜and 0.1mm pore-forming material series, as required product is packed respectively by the particle diameter rank.
Factors such as the foaming effect of discarded straw charring thing pore-forming material in the preparation porous material and its carbon content are closely related, thus the charing modulation process parameter of discarded stalk pore-forming material must strictly control, to prepare the pore-forming material of foaming effect excellence.Further set forth content of the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the graph of a relation that treatment temp and sample reach the constant weight required time.
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation of treatment temp and product recovery rate.
Fig. 3 be to use the charing pore-forming material and the haydite internal void texture ratio do not prepared during the pore-creating of charing starting material.Wherein (a) is the internal structure that use pore-forming material of the present invention makes haydite, (b) makes the internal structure of haydite for the starting material that use not charing.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described for embodiment plan given below; but can not be interpreted as it is limiting the scope of the invention; the person skilled in art to some nonessential improvement and adjustment that the present invention makes, still belongs to protection scope of the present invention according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment 1:
The method and the suite of equipment of discarded stalk modulation high-quality pore-forming material mainly comprise two operations, that is: heat treatment step and ball milling screening operation.Use equipment comprises: shear pulverizer, indirect contact formula rotary furnace, planetary ball mill, the multistage sieve of double vibrations.
Heat treatment step: get 100g rice husk or rice straw, stalk need be ground into the segment less than 2cm on shear pulverizer, put into silica tube then.Silica tube placed in the indirect contact formula electric tube furnace heat-treat, temperature rise rate is controlled at 30 ℃/minute, keeps 3 minutes when furnace temperature reaches 300 ℃.Fig. 1 shows that different heating temperature and product reach the relation of constant weight required time, can realize complete charing in the time of 300 ℃, does not observe naked light in the heat treatment process.The relation of Fig. 2 display process temperature and product recovery rate, 300 ℃ of thermal treatment after product quality are 60g, product recovery rate is 60%.
Ball milling screening operation: the rice hull carbon after the thermal treatment is placed grinding in the planetary ball mill, and the ball milling parameter is: 1 minute ball milling time, rotational speed of ball-mill 300 commentaries on classics/min.Product behind the ball milling sieves with the multistage sieve of double vibrations, product is divided into (1)＞2mm pore-forming material; (2) 2mm-1mm pore-forming material; (3) 1mm-0.5mm pore-forming material; (4) 0.5mm-0.1mm pore-forming material; (5)＜0.1mm pore-forming material series.Product grinding performance after the thermal treatment is very excellent, can reach higher fineness through the short period of time ball milling.Undersized product is used to prepare porous ceramic grain as whipping agent, excellent foaming pore-creating effect is arranged.As seen from Figure 3, compare with the haydite that the starting material pore-creating of using not charing makes, the haydite pore that uses the synthetic pore-forming material of the present invention to make is even, and Modulatory character is good, has fairly obvious superiority.
Embodiment 2:
The method and the suite of equipment of discarded stalk modulation high-quality pore-forming material comprise the following steps:
(a) pre-treatment: utilize shear pulverizer will discard the segment that stalk cuts into 1cm;
(b) thermal treatment:: will shear good stalk loose stacking in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, and be heated to 300 ℃ in air atmosphere, temperature rise rate is controlled at 35 ℃/minute, keeps stopping after 2 minutes heating, naturally cools to room temperature;
(c) grinding is handled: with the grinding 1 minute in planetary ball mill of the stalk carbon after the charing, rotating speed is controlled at 300 rev/mins;
(d) stage treatment: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, product can be divided into (1)＞2mm pore-forming material; (2) 2mm-1mm pore-forming material; (3) 1mm-0.5mm pore-forming material; (4) 0.5mm-0.1mm pore-forming material; (5)＜0.1mm pore-forming material series.
Embodiment 3:
The method and the suite of equipment of discarded stalk modulation high-quality pore-forming material comprise the following steps:
(a) pre-treatment: utilize shear pulverizer will discard the segment that stalk cuts into 5cm;
(b) thermal treatment:: will shear good stalk loose stacking in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, and be heated to 400 ℃ in air atmosphere, temperature rise rate is controlled at 25 ℃/minute, keeps stopping after 5 minutes heating, naturally cools to room temperature;
(c) grinding is handled: with the grinding 5 minutes in planetary ball mill of the stalk carbon after the charing, rotating speed is controlled at 100 rev/mins;
(d) stage treatment: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, product can be divided into (1)＞2mm pore-forming material; (2) 2mm-1mm pore-forming material; (3) 1mm-0.5mm pore-forming material; (4) 0.5mm-0.1mm pore-forming material; (5)＜0.1mm pore-forming material series.
Embodiment 4:
The method and the suite of equipment of discarded stalk modulation high-quality pore-forming material comprise the following steps:
(a) pre-treatment: utilize shear pulverizer will discard the segment that stalk cuts into 3cm;
(b) thermal treatment:: will shear good stalk loose stacking in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, and be heated to 350 ℃ in air atmosphere, temperature rise rate is controlled at 30 ℃/minute, keeps stopping after 2 minutes heating, naturally cools to room temperature;
(c) grinding is handled: with the grinding 3 minutes in planetary ball mill of the stalk carbon after the charing, rotating speed is controlled at 200 rev/mins;
(d) stage treatment: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, product can be divided into (1)＞2mm pore-forming material; (2) 2mm-1mm pore-forming material; (3) 1mm-0.5mm pore-forming material; (4) 0.5mm-0.1mm pore-forming material; (5)＜and 0.1mm pore-forming material series, as required product is packed respectively by the particle diameter rank.
Embodiment 5:
The method and the suite of equipment of discarded stalk modulation high-quality pore-forming material comprise the following steps:
(a) pre-treatment: utilize shear pulverizer will discard the segment that stalk cuts into 2cm;
(b) thermal treatment:: will shear good stalk loose stacking in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, and be heated to 380 ℃ in air atmosphere, temperature rise rate is controlled at 32 ℃/minute, keeps stopping after 4 minutes heating, naturally cools to room temperature;
(c) grinding is handled: with the grinding 4 minutes in planetary ball mill of the stalk carbon after the charing, rotating speed is controlled at 250 rev/mins;
(d) stage treatment: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, product can be divided into (1)＞2mm pore-forming material; (2) 2mm-1mm pore-forming material; (3) 1mm-0.5mm pore-forming material; (4) 0.5mm-0.1mm pore-forming material; (5)＜and 0.1mm pore-forming material series, as required product is packed respectively by the particle diameter rank.
The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, summary of the invention all can be implemented, and has good effect.
Claims (4)
1. the method and the suite of equipment of discarded stalk modulation high-quality pore-forming material is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(a) pre-treatment: utilize shear pulverizer will discard the segment that stalk cuts into 1-5cm;
(b) thermal treatment: will shear good stalk and in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, stack by certain requirement, in air atmosphere, be heated to certain temperature and implement the charing processing by certain temperature increasing schedule, keep stopping heating behind the certain hour, be cooled to room temperature by certain cooling system;
(c) grinding is handled: the stalk carbon after the charing is implemented grinding in planetary ball mill, control the ball milling time as required;
(d) stage treatment: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, and the pore-forming material of production sharing different-grain diameter is packed respectively.
2. modulate the method and the suite of equipment of high-quality pore-forming material by right 1 described discarded stalk, it is characterized in that, the described thermal treatment of step (b) replaces with: will shear good stalk loose stacking in indirect contact formula rotary furnace, do not overstock too real, in air atmosphere, be heated to 300-400 ℃, temperature rise rate is controlled at 25-35 ℃/minute, keeps stopping after 2-5 minute heating, naturally cools to room temperature;
3. modulate the method and the suite of equipment of high-quality pore-forming materials by right 1 or 2 described discarded stalks, it is characterized in that, the described grinding of step (c) is handled and replaced with: with the stalk carbon after the charing in planetary ball mill grinding 1-5 minute, rotating speed was controlled at 100-300 rev/min;
4. modulate the method and the suite of equipment of high-quality pore-forming materials by right 1,2 or 3 described discarded stalks, it is characterized in that, the described stage treatment of step (d) replaces with: the carbonization product after utilizing the multistage sieve of reciprocating vibrating type with grinding carries out classification, can as required product be divided into (1)＞2mm pore-forming material; (2) 2mm-1mm pore-forming material; (3) 1mm-0.5mm pore-forming material; (4) 0.5mm-0.1mm pore-forming material; (5)＜0.1mm pore-forming material series.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103819094A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-05-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method for preparing foam glass with plant ash and waste glass |
| CN105399336A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 信阳科美新型材料有限公司 | Perlite foam glass product and production method thereof |
| CN105523641A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-27 | 辽宁工业大学 | Preparation method of microbial affinity water-treatment light carrier |
| CN105565847A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-11 | 武汉工程大学 | Method for preparing gradient porous ceramics by taking straw as pore-forming agent |
| CN106830294A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 和县伊迈炭业有限责任公司 | A kind of method that utilization mushroom bran prepares bio-filter stuffing pore creating material |
| CN106830286A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 和县伊迈炭业有限责任公司 | A kind of method that utilization furfural dregs prepare bio-filter stuffing pore creating material |
| CN107626926A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-26 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Purposes of the stalk as pore creating material in metal polyporous material is prepared |
| CN112679225A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 华侨大学 | Porous ceramic material pore-forming agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112876206A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-01 | 徐州工程学院 | Straw-based light biological ceramsite and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116041087A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-02 | 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 | Porous carbon atomization matrix, preparation method, electronic atomization core and electronic atomization device |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN103819094A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-05-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method for preparing foam glass with plant ash and waste glass |
| CN103819094B (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学技术大学 | Plant ash and cullet is utilized to prepare the method for multicellular glass |
| CN105523641A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-27 | 辽宁工业大学 | Preparation method of microbial affinity water-treatment light carrier |
| CN105523641B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-03-20 | 辽宁工业大学 | The preparation method of microorganism compatibility water process light carrier |
| CN105399336A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 信阳科美新型材料有限公司 | Perlite foam glass product and production method thereof |
| CN105565847A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-11 | 武汉工程大学 | Method for preparing gradient porous ceramics by taking straw as pore-forming agent |
| CN106830286A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 和县伊迈炭业有限责任公司 | A kind of method that utilization furfural dregs prepare bio-filter stuffing pore creating material |
| CN106830294A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 和县伊迈炭业有限责任公司 | A kind of method that utilization mushroom bran prepares bio-filter stuffing pore creating material |
| CN107626926A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-26 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Purposes of the stalk as pore creating material in metal polyporous material is prepared |
| CN112679225A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 华侨大学 | Porous ceramic material pore-forming agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112876206A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-01 | 徐州工程学院 | Straw-based light biological ceramsite and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116041087A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-02 | 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 | Porous carbon atomization matrix, preparation method, electronic atomization core and electronic atomization device |
| CN116041087B (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-05-14 | 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 | Porous carbon atomization matrix, preparation method, electronic atomization core and electronic atomization device |
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Application publication date: 20110105 |