CN101932867A

CN101932867A - A liquefied gas tank with a central hub in the bottom structure

Info

Publication number: CN101932867A
Application number: CN200880125527.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·S·尼古拉森; H·H·诺尔
Original assignee: NLI Innovation AS
Current assignee: NLI Innovation AS
Priority date: 2007-12-03
Filing date: 2008-12-03
Publication date: 2010-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-03
Also published as: KR20100102139A; NO332554B1; MY149742A; RU2010127353A; JP5232242B2; WO2009072897A1; EP2247888B1; NO20076213L; RU2478868C2; EP2247888A1; CN101932867B; ATE526536T1; BRPI0819987A2; JP2011506164A

Abstract

The present invention comprises a tank for liquefied gases or a so-called cryogenic tank (1) with a tank bottom structure (10) and a tank wall structure (11) arranged around a circumference of said tank bottom structure (10), said tank bottom structure (10) provided with a tank bottom hub (2) adapted for being held by a bottom hub retainer (20) on a tank support structural floor (23). The tank is simple to install, cheap in production and handles in an improved manner forces acting on it.

Description

The liquefied gas tank that has center hub in the polycrystalline substance

Introduction

Worldwide energy demand requires a large amount of fuel are transported to the Consumer from its found place.Current uses in practice wherein a kind of cleans the abundantest energy form most and is rock gas.Common and the main consumption market apart from each other in main location, gas field, thus gas need be transported to the Consumer from the gas field.Pipeline transport is one of admissible means of transportation, yet pipe-line system is very expensive and be difficult to use in long-distance transportation.Therefore ship remains the practical solution in gas transport (the especially liquid gas transportation) application.

The present invention relates generally to liquefied gas tank, for example LNG jar or LPG jar still adopt term " cryogenic tank (cryogenic tank) " in this manual usually.LNG is kept in the jar with following-163 ℃ the boiling point approximately of barometric pressure usually, constantly evaporates methane.In order to reduce evaporation, can be by the hot-fluid that heat insulation layer reduces the process tank skin be set around tank skin.Tank skin structurally must be supported and be stable, but all these part structural supports can import heat in the jar, thereby causes undesirable evaporation.Therefore in order to reduce hot-fluid, need to reduce total cross-section area that part structural support passes heat insulation layer.The thermal shrinkage that the common problem of LNG jar and other cryogenic tank is in initial cooling and takes place when jar filling, and if LNG from jar, remove contingent jar thermal expansion because of evaporation or emptying.

The LNG jar is attached to usually to be built on the good boats and ships or oil tanker in advance, but also can directly be installed on the erecting device, floating production storage unit (FPSO for example, floating production and storage unit) and floating oil storage regasification unit (FSRU, floating storage and regasification unit).Use for these, installing simply as the usability of deck space is crucial for the reduction of cost.Also have using of multiple cryogenic tank in this external commercial Application at bank.Have different problems to be solved in the various application, some of them subject matter is temperature, volatility and the toxicity of gas.Proposed multiple jar of design at these application, all these designs all have merits and demerits.

When carrying out the low temperature filling process, when jar when ambient temperature is cooled off, jar bottom plate structure and tank skin structure can shrink.When jar is filled LNG Liquefied natural gas, the periphery bottom of bottom plate structure and tank skin structure can at first be shunk, then by thermal conductivity with by the contacting of guiding liquids and boil-off gas and tank skin, tank skin can cool off and shrink.Especially for LNG boats and ships jar (certainly too), need prevent jar in cooling procedure with respect to the substrate lateral movement for some land jars.For the boats and ships jar, this lateral stability is extremely important in the navigation process.Jar need be designed to be able to tolerate jar thermal shrinkage with respect to supporting element in the low temperature.This thermal shrinkage is that the low temperature owing to cryogen takes place, and this cryogenic flow is known from experience the temperature that reduces jar the supporting element that itself and this jar be fixed in naturally.Except shrinking at the jar that takes place when jar is filled cryogen, jar also can correspondingly expand when jar is emptied.

The difference of thermal shrinkage can cause producing strain in tank skin liner (liner plate) and tank skin longeron structure (girder structure) and in supporting cabin structure.Strain in the LNG jar liner may cause the generation in crack, and the crack may cause LNG to leak, and owing to cause the risk of fire, blast and because the toxicity of methane, it is breakneck that LNG leaks.Jar break and the ship that causes in the leakage of cryogenic gas may also can cause the catastrophic loss of ship, this is because the structural steel of this ship is not to be designed for to be exposed in this low temperature.

For seagoing vessel and other ship, have and rock relevant subject matter because of the wave action of ship or the LNG that produces because of the motion of ship itself.Rock the fault that may cause jar, therefore jar should be designed to bear the effect of rocking.The invention describes the operational version of the more above-mentioned challenges of reply.

Background technique

US2905352 shown and formed early attempting of the stable can system that is provided for being arranged in the hull, and wherein this can system also allows in static in ship jar according to steady change and pucker ﹠ bloat.The guide that is arranged in the ship floor is arranged in the jar arranged beneath, this guide comprises the groove of vertical layout, and this groove extends in ship along its length, and jar has the corresponding key that is fixed on its base plate, this jar is arranged as and is placed on the ship floor, and the key of jar is installed in the groove.

US3612333 provides further improvement on the basis of principle shown in the above-mentioned US2905352, wherein key, keyway and support are positioned at the bottom of container, and wherein key is positioned on the vertical center line and the corresponding line of cross central line of main and jar.

Authorize Stafford, title and described the jar support system of arranging for the U. S. Patent 4013030 of " Support for LNG ship tanks " around the circular horizontal component of jar.This support system comprises a plurality of identical support unit that is provided with at interval around the circular horizontal component of jar.Each support unit is connected with jar, and also is connected with base portion.Each support unit has end hub (bottom hub), is used to be placed on corresponding cylindrical shaft and puts.This axle sleeve is arranged on the basis of ship, and allows to move radially with respect to jar but do not allow lateral movement.This allows jar to carry out pucker ﹠ bloat, prevents a jar whole lateral movement simultaneously.

Authorize people such as Abe, title has been described a kind of prismatic jar of liquid gas that is used for for the U. S. Patent 5531178 of " Support structure for self-standing storage tank in liquefied gas carrier ship ", wherein said jar is arranged in jar cabin (tank compartment), and jar the below have bottom support, allow jar to expand and shrink in side direction.This supporting structure is provided with and vertically moves limiting component and lateral movement limiting component, the described limiting component that vertically moves is arranged along horizontal line, prevent that the whole jar of fore-and-aft direction along ship from moving, described lateral movement limiting component is arranged along the center line of ship, prevents that jar from moving along starboard-larboard direction.Be furnished with a plurality of strong points that are used to carry jar, this design makes that installation of jar is quite complicated.This supporting element can increase the weight of design, and this supporting element seems also to arrange in asymmetrical mode in addition.Lacking symmetry properties can cause in cooling procedure stress distribution inhomogeneous.This design also can be delivered to the ship structure with moment load (moment load).

US6971537 has described the support arrangement that is used for semi-membrane tank walls, and wherein supporting component provides vertical support for tank skin, allows relative movement in the horizontal direction simultaneously.This design can cause substantial concentrated load (point load) occurring on whole tank skin, and this is unnecessary.This design is complicated and expensive, thereby has increased installation time and cost, and has increased the difficulty that obsolete vessel only is converted into the LNG oil tanker.

D.B.P. 1506761 has been described the method for a kind of LNG of transportation, wherein a plurality of jars are arranged in the hull as individual unit, and wherein said unit is supported by a plurality of column bases, and the some of them column base is arranged around the periphery of jar, and wherein had at least one center column base.This design makes must be able to handle rolling load (roll load) on the tank deck across the bulkhead of ship.This can gain in weight, cost, and makes that the construction of jar is complicated.

Title has been described for the D.B.P. 1781041 of " Tankschiff zum Transport von Fl ü ssiggasen " and has been used for prismatic jar similar supporting structure, wherein the arranged beneath at the jar center vertically moves limiting component, in the arranged beneath of the front and back of jar core the lateral movement limiting component is arranged.Space between the supporting structure part of limiting component and the jar bottom structure of limiting component is suitable for holding the locking pad, and when shrinking in the cooling procedure to jar filling liquid gasification the time jar, this locking pad is locked in the appropriate location.Starboard side and port side along the jar cabin are furnished with the lateral movement limiting component, and this lateral movement limiting component also is provided with the locking pad, are used for when cooling jar being combined with supporting structure.This is extremely complicated design, and needs very fine processing to realize desired tolerance.Thereby this jar will be very expensive.In addition, this design meeting is passed to the ship structure with load from jar, and this load is uncontrollable, and is uncertain on some degree.If the locking pad is heated to above the above temperature of desire cooling down operation temperature of jar, then the locking pad will break away from combination, and jar may roll in the jar cabin in uncontrollable mode.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is intended to solve at least some above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention includes the jar that is used for liquid gas, this jar has the jar bottom structure that supports the tank skin structure, described tank skin structure is arranged around the periphery of described jar of bottom structure, wherein said jar bottom structure is provided with hub at the bottom of the center tank, hub is suitable for being kept by hub holder of the suprabasil end of jar supporting structure at the bottom of this center tank, and hub is provided for providing the radial support power with described jar of bottom structure parallel direction at the bottom of the wherein said center tank.

Provided other mode of execution of the present invention in the dependent claims.

First advantage of the present invention is, liquefied gas tank all passes through described center hub guiding in all supports of side direction, thereby need not cryogenic tank is carried out lateral support, thereby can not produce " cold bridge " that passes around the heat insulation layer of tank skin, thereby heat insulation layer is more continuous and be easier to install.In addition, in case of necessity, for example in order to observe jar or jar cabin or for jar is keeped in repair or transforms, the dismounting of heat insulation layer is more convenient.

Second advantage of the present invention be because jar be fixed on the single initial point by center hub, in the cooling procedure of cryogenic tank, jar with respect to all of jar cabin shrink all occur in respect to this single hub roughly radially.For the vertical holder of jar bottom structure setting can allow radial expansion or contraction, thereby help the mechanical adaptability of cryogenic tank, and be convenient to cryogenic tank is heated to normal temperature the jar cabin.Need not as cryogenic tank of the prior art, lateral support to be set and to carry out special consideration for tank skin troublesomely along cryogenic tank.

Owing to have the vertical holder of arranging along the periphery of jar bottom structure, the 3rd advantage of the present invention is, because of goods rocks, ship rocks (rolling), deflection (pitching) even the common straight line of the vertical force from tank skin (these power come from the bottom of wall construction) stranded or that collision causes and is passed down through the periphery of bottom plate structure, and enters downwards on the vertical holder of the jar brace foundation that is fixed in ship.Thereby the undesirable shearing force in the jar bottom structure (and tank skin structure) that the jar of having avoided prior art to a great extent can produce.

For having the mode of execution of arranging vertical holder at the periphery of the outer end of the beam of jar bottom structure, the 4th advantage of the present invention is, the jar bottom structure can have the beam structure that is arranged in the subgaskets top, compare with jar with external beam structure, make the center of gravity of the cryogenic tank in the ship reduce, and can increase tankage size.

Be according to also another advantage of the present invention prismatic jar, compare, can increase tankage size significantly with the vertical cylindrical jar.Common cylindrical tank can hold about 18000 cubic metres, and prismatic jar can be set to utilize the cross section of ship and can build along the bigger part along the main axis of ship, thereby under the situation of the identical cross-section that is limited to ship, prismatic jar can be configured to hold about 35000 cubic metres usually.

Description of drawings

The present invention has been shown in the accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 a is the sketch according to the cylindrical mode of execution of liquefied gas tank of the present invention (hereinafter being called cryogenic tank), and is a little from the sidepiece of jar and this jar of beneath of jar bottom structure;

Fig. 1 b is the perspective view according to the prismatic mode of execution of cryogenic tank of the present invention, and is to observe this jar from the jar top towards the sidepiece of jar and the longitudinal axis of ship a little;

Fig. 1 c is the simple view according to the prismatic mode of execution of cryogenic tank of the present invention, and be a little from beneath etc. axle survey view this jar, shown the primary component of the bottom plate structure of this prismatic jar;

Fig. 2 a is the vertical cross-section letter view according to polycrystalline substance of the present invention jar, and this jar is placed in the jar supporting structure substrate in jar cabin.In this embodiment, the bottom jar structure is so-called exterior mechanical structure, and wherein bottom liner is arranged in the top of the beam of polycrystalline substance.

Similar with Fig. 2 a, Fig. 3 a passes of the present invention jar vertical cross-section letter view, wherein the cylindrical wall liner is supported by the vertical trusses on the end of the radial girders that is arranged on jar bottom structure (radial beam), and cylindrical wall and base structure and jar bilge portion and jar bulkhead are isolated.

Fig. 3 b is and the corresponding perspective view of Fig. 2, and shows the built in beam wall construction (internal beam wall structure) that stands upright on the so-called external structure jar bottom structure (external structure tank bottom structure).

Fig. 4 has shown the vertical holder of radial arrangement with the vertical cross-section of simplifying according to of the present invention jar bottom, and this vertical holder is provided for preventing that the periphery of jar bottom structure is from forming jar supporting structure rise of jar bilge portion.

Fig. 5 a is the embodiment's of vertical holder a perspective view, and this vertical holder has arm, and this arm is provided for keeping around the lower protruding edge of the radial girders of polycrystalline substance.

Fig. 5 b is the embodiment's of vertical holder a corresponding perspective view, this vertical holder forms the vertical holder of inverted U type joist folder (bridle clamp), on connection and jar brace foundation, and be arranged in the outer end top of the horizontal beam of jar bottom structure, and its end extends beyond the periphery of tank skin.

Fig. 6 a is from the perspective view according to the horizontal plane beneath of mode of execution of the present invention jar, and has the rotation inhibiting holder of the radial girders structure that is used for jar.Herein, the rotation inhibiting holder is arranged in from the cylindrical tank center at a distance of the position of only about half of radial distance.

Fig. 6 b is similarly from the perspective view according to the horizontal plane beneath of of the present invention jar another kind of mode of execution, and has and be arranged in from the cylindrical tank center radially at a distance of near the rotation inhibiting holder the position of whole beam length.

Fig. 7 a is the perspective view and the viewgraph of cross-section of hull, and vertical cylindrical jar freight space is in the center of center longitudinal bulkhead, and has the cross section according to the low temperature cylindrical tank of thermal insulation of the present invention.

Fig. 7 b is the perspective view and the viewgraph of cross-section of hull, and has a series of prismatic jar of cabin of arranging along the center line of ship, and has the cross section according to prismatic jar of the low temperature of thermal insulation of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows, if be subjected to acting on the uncompensated climbing power on the wall of the end that stands on beam, bottom structure then is fixed on other position along the jar bottom structure, then issuable shearing force in the horizontal beam in the jar bottom structure of prior art.Eliminated this uncompensated shearing force in jar bottom structure to a great extent by the present invention.

Fig. 9 a is the close-up illustration of the vertical holder of arm type of beam, and this figure is corresponding with the vertical holder of arm type among Fig. 5 a, and beam only partly shows with the cross section of lower flange.

Fig. 9 b is the close-up illustration of the vertical holder of arm type of beam, and it is corresponding that this figure and inverted U type joist among Fig. 5 b press from both sides vertical holder, has shown the outside of beam, the remaining part of beam with dotted lines.

Figure 10 is the view of the rotation inhibiting supporting element of radial girders.

Figure 11 a is the design letter view of the polycrystalline substance of cylindrical tank according to the embodiment of the present invention, shown the radially H type beam of the center hub of jar bottom structure, the subgaskets that supports jar and near the cylindrical wall structure that extends above the outer end of the radial girders of polycrystalline substance among the figure, and near peripherally extending and across the H type beam between the radial girders.The vertical holder of arm type is arranged near the outer end, and keeps horizontal beam, the many groups of shorter vertical holders of described arm type of radial position to arrange to such an extent that more approach center hub.

Figure 11 b is the almost similar design view of the polycrystalline substance of cylindrical tank according to the embodiment of the present invention, only uses inverted U type joist to press from both sides the outer end that vertical holder keeps the beam of jar bottom structure.This design is and the corresponding simpler simpler mode of execution of the present invention of content shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 b.The vertical holder of Figure 11 a and Figure 11 b also can be used as the rotation inhibiting holder, prevents around the rotation of the vertical axis that passes center hub or jar.

Figure 11 c is along the center radial girders and a little from the perspective view according to the polycrystalline substance beneath of cryogenic tank of the present invention.This jar is prismatic, but jar structure of bottom girder is corresponding with the jar bottom structure shown in Figure 11 a to a great extent with vertical holder.

Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b are the perspective diagrams of the corresponding reaction force of jar active force of (white arrow) generation and jar support system generation.Center hub transmits along the power of the beam effect of jar bottom structure, and the rotation inhibiting holder transmits moment of rotation, and vertical holder transmits vertical force.

Figure 13 shows the different translational motions and the rotation of sea-freight ship.

Figure 14 a shows embodiments of the present invention with bottom view and enlarged side view, has shown arm type periphery vertical support member (arm-type peripheral vertical support).

Figure 14 b shows embodiments of the present invention with bottom view and enlarged side view, has shown inverted U type joist folder periphery vertical support member.

Figure 15 a shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the jar bottom structure of preferred implementation of the present invention, and matrix (female type) center hub is welded between the inner of radial girders, center hub inserts convex (male type) center hub holder, this center hub holder is fixed in the support on support beam basis, is used for keeping jar.

Figure 15 b shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the jar bottom structure of optional mode of execution of the present invention, and the convex center hub is welded between the inner of radial girders, center hub inserts matrix center hub holder, and this center hub remains fixed in the support on support beam basis, is used for keeping jar.

Embodiment

The present invention includes the jar 1 that is used for liquid gas (for example liquefied methane (LNG), liquefied ethane, liquefied propane (LPG) or other liquid gas).Be used for ship (ship) or other sea-freight ship (marine vessel) according to of the present invention jar 1.The term that adopts in this specification " ship " or " sea-freight ship " also comprise floating and semi-submersible type production vessel or stock boat (floating and semisubmersible petroleumproduction or storage vessels).In addition, can be arranged on the fixed Ship Structure according to of the present invention jar.Described jar is designed under atmospheric pressure and uses, but pressurized canister is also within limit of consideration.Jar according to the present invention is commonly referred to cryogenic tank 1 hereinafter, but the present invention is not limited to the jar in the low temperature range, but is used for the liquid gas such as above-mentioned gas.The jar 1 that is used for liquid gas is provided with jar bottom structure 10 and tank skin structure 11, and this tank skin structure 11 is arranged around the periphery 15 of described jar of bottom structure 10.Pilaster beam 12 is arranged as a part that is used to constitute tank skin structure 11.Tank skin structure 11 supports tank deck usually.Jar bottom structure 10 is provided with the jar end hub 2 that approximate centre is arranged, hub of the described end 2 is suitable for being kept by the end hub holder 20 in the jar supporting structure substrate (tank support structural floor) 23.Jar hub 20 can provide roughly the support force with the plane parallel direction of described jar of bottom structure 10.

Jar 1 according to the present invention allows jar to keep by the hub 2 of a single point of jar bottom structure 10, and described hub 2 is kept by the hub holder on the supporting structure at the bottom of the jar 23 20.

The thermal shrinkage campaign of large-scale seagoing vessel jar from normal temperature to low temperature can have sizable size.By a center hub jar lateral fixation is prevented that a substantial advantage of jar lateral movement is, because jar only is limited on a point, and all the other structures (for example beam 3 of jar bottom structure 10) are extended on the direction of passing this center hub 2 or are shunk, therefore initially during the filling liquid gasification, can or can in cooling procedure, not set up thermal strain hardly to jar.

Seagoing vessel is subjected to six translation freedoms and rotational freedom: for the rocking of rotational motion (roll), deflection (pitch) and driftage (yaw), for the fluctuating (heave) of translational motion, surge (surge) and traversing (gear), see also Figure 13.

Thereby according to the present invention, hub 2 can provide the support for the power in the lateral plane that acts on jar, and the wherein said hub 2 jar hub holders 20 on jar supporting structure 23 separately provides necessary lateral plane power.This formerly have analogs such as a plurality of keys, groove and wherein each key or groove are provided for only improving in the design that provides support on the single direction.Hub 2 should be arranged as the center near jar bottom structure 10 usually, thereby avoids the imbalance in the hub.Another advantage of this design is, at most only along a half-size scale generation thermal expansion translation of jar bottom structure, rather than along the whole length or the diameter of jar bottom structure this thermal expansion translation takes place.Jar bottom structure 10 can be configured to the material pieces of a compactness, concrete element for example, and perhaps a jar bottom structure 10 can preferably be configured to adopt radial girders 3, and is as mentioned below.

In preferred implementation of the present invention, beam 3 flatly or radially extends from center hub 2, and supports or keep the anti-fluid subgaskets 113 of jar 1.Vertical trusses 12 extends upward near the outer end of radial girders 3, and supports the support pad 111 of the tank skin structure 11 of jar 1.Radial girders 3 is that the distributed force on jar substrate and the jar that acts on whole jar of ship provides support.This is under the partially filled situation extremely important at jar, because the power that acts on the jar 1 may cause violent rocking for example to be rocked or deflection.Especially this problem can appear when jar 1 is installed in floating type ship for example on FPSO or FSRU or the LNG oil tanker time.In the fixed cryogenic tank in ground and because earthquake may cause rocking, for ground tanks, what the power that can bear earthquake and produce (because earthquake quicken this power in the horizontal direction may be near 1g) and rocking of causing thereof were provided jar is vital.

Between jar support base 23 and the LNG fluid-load of sea-freight ship 30 because of rock, deflection, surge and the traversing lateral force that relative acceleration caused that produces must transmit by tank skin structure 11, and the LNG goods is understood owing to rocking and rocking that acceleration produces response force with deflection.As indicated above, this is for a sea-freight ship especially problem.Rocking on a large scale, deflection, surge and traversing, the end hub 2 that is kept by the hub holder on the jar supporting structure 23 20 can remain on the appropriate location with jar 1.Otherwise jar bottom structure 10 will be supported by the conventional basis (i.e. jar support base 23) of jar below in vertical direction.Support base 23 can be made of with the transverse bulkhead support the longitudinal support of the lateral arrangement of longitudinal center's support bulkhead and ship.The bilge 23 is provided with described jar of hub holder 20.The possible holder of heat insulation layer that the bilge 23 also should comprise subgaskets on the support, be used to support the subgaskets of the bottom heat insulation layer of LNG jar below, passed by hub holder 20 and center hub 2, other type of hereinafter specifically mentioning and possible pipeline.

Shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, cryogenic tank 1 can be arranged in the jar groove cabin with wall 24.Though shown cylindrical tank among Fig. 1 a, will be understood that the jar of other geometrical shape also falls within the scope of the invention, for example any kind is prismatic, especially the rectangle shown in Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c and Figure 11 c.The selection of this geometrical shape is a design problem, though this design problem is the center of ship design itself, is not center of the present invention.For example can expect spherical tank, wherein the bottom of tank skin structure is removed, and substitutes with the jar bottom structure of general plane.On this jar bottom structure 10, can arrange according to the embodiment of the present invention center hub 2 and the beam 3 of possible radial arrangement.Shown the detailed arrangement that is arranged in the cryogenic tank 1 in the sea-freight ship among Fig. 2 a, Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Figure 11 a, Figure 11 b and Figure 11 c.Fig. 2 a further shows some details shown in Figure 1, for example the jar hub holder 20 on the ship pot bottom 23 of the jar groove of ship.Fig. 3 further shows some details, for example bottom insulator 8, cylindrical wall insulator 18 and pot vertically axis 9.The jar groove bottom 23 of ship is used for various purposes, but is to use a major advantage of this system to be, jar can carry out prefabricated on the coast, and simply will prefabricated jar in an easy steps promotes and drop on the hub holder 20 on jar groove of ship.This can simplify the installation of cryogenic tank in the ship significantly.Important advantage be exactly a lot of FPSU and FSRU ship all be to convert by waterborne vessel (surface vessel).Therefore the repacking of ship and the construction of cryogenic tank can be carried out simultaneously, rather than carry out successively.In an identical manner, jar is removed to safeguard if desired, can simply cryogenic tank be hung ship.This forms a sharp contrast with LNG jar costliness and the maintenance difficult learnt from background technique.

The significant advantage of the interior beam structure in the jar bottom structure shown in Fig. 1 b is that the subgaskets position is lower, can reduce the center of gravity of jar when therefore having increased tankage size, and the advantage of Economy and stability is provided.

Utilize the present invention, the lateral force that center hub 2 radially transmits of passing through between ship and the liquid gas is passed whole polycrystalline substance 10, as pressure that passes bottom plate structure and/or tension force, the lateral force between described ship and the liquid gas also is passed to around the upright tank skin structure 11 of the periphery of bottom plate structure 10 from jar bottom structure 10 as shearing force.Think that the power according to jar structure transmission of the present invention is distributed better on whole jar structure, thereby prevent the formation in crack, prevent that especially the lower rim place of transition between jar subgaskets 113 and tank skin liner 111 from forming the crack.Therefore, compared with prior art, according to jar according to the present invention can reduce especially by rock, deflection and cause rock the strain that is produced.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a jar bottom structure 10 comprises that at least three are preferably four or more a plurality of radial girders 3, and the radial inner end of this radial girders 3 is connected with described center hub 2.In preferred implementation of the present invention, radial girders 3 should support near the vertical trusses 12 that extends the outer end of described radial girders 3.Impermeable liner 131,111 preferably forms the antiseepage jar lining of jar bottom structure 10 and tank skin structure 11.Liner is connected in beam structure 3 and truss structure 12.

Tank skin structure

11,12 can be strengthened by bar, band or wire on the periphery direction, perhaps

tank skin structure

11,12 can be provided with the hoop twisting member of being made by analogs such as wire, glass fibre, aramide-fibre, carbon fibers, and jar can be provided with the top that has with the corresponding periphery of bottom peripheral edge.According to top of the present invention jar without any need for lateral constraints, because the active force of translation and rotation-reaction force transmission is all undertaken by bottom plate structure.

Center hub 2 is not in fact to be provided for jar 1 do not remained moving in the vertical axis direction.Though can imagine by this center hub 2 and realize vertically keeping function, for example shown in Figure 8, but this manages function is indirect with respect to tank skin structure 11, and can cause the vertical force from tank skin structure 11 is transmitted by the undesirable vertical shear in the beam 3 of bottom plate structure 11.

Center tank hub 2 and corresponding jar of hub holder 20 thereof are preferably only handled the power in the horizontal plane of position, centre (neutral) of ship.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission with respect to jar groove (recess) bottom 23 the upward force of ship on the tank skin structure 11,12 realizes by vertical force holder 4, this vertical force holder 4 is arranged between the periphery 15 of a jar support slot lower support structure (tank support recess bottom support structure) 23 and jar bottom structure, preferably is arranged between the outside 35 of jar support slot lower support structure 23 and the beam 3 of jar bottom structure 10.In one embodiment of the invention, vertical force holder 4 comprises substrate, this substrate welds or otherwise is connected in basis 23, and the upright support plate is welded on this substrate, described upright support plate is provided with arm 41, is used to encircle the lower side flange of the H type that the keeps flat beam cross section of described radial girders 3.This is shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 9 a, Figure 11 a, Figure 11 c, Figure 12 a and Figure 14 a.The plate that can will have arm 41 on the appropriate location that jar is dropped to the hub holder 20 in jar cabin afterwards again is welded to the appropriate location.Though illustrate H type beam, obviously can adopt any suitable beam structure.

In another embodiment of the invention, vertical force holder 4 comprises substrate, this substrate welds or otherwise is connected in basis 23, and the upright support plate is welded on this substrate, described upright support plate comprises inverted U type joist (bridle) or arched member (arc) 42, is used to encircle the outside 35 of horizontal radial beam 3.This is shown in Fig. 5 b, Fig. 9 b, Figure 11 b, Figure 12 b and Figure 14 b.Also can on the appropriate location that jar is dropped to the hub holder 20 in jar cabin, the more vertical holder plate 42 of inverted U type be welded to the appropriate location afterwards.

Shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b, the climbing power of the Vertical direction that forms in the

tank skin structure

11,12 will be offset by vertical force holder 4, this vertical force holder 4 be arranged in tank skin structure 11 under, and guide on the brace foundation 23 of ship.Therefore, may cause very serious rolling power, rock power and rock acceleration at mad wolf state or owing to displacement load or owing to accident, these power can be offset at least to the static angular that limits in advance for whole jar, and for example heel reaches 30 degree with respect to port side or starboard side.

Up to the present, based on above-mentioned explanation, jar according to the present invention can simply be stated as by using the center hub in the bottom plate structure can remain on suitable lateral position, and by adopting the vertical force holder that the lower limb of cylindrical tank skin is held down, the lower limb of this cylindrical tank skin is towards below jar supporting structure, this can prevent according to according to the present invention jar break away from the basis or even topple over, as shown in Figure 4.This can prevent the destruction to jar that causes because of the rocking of ship, deflection, surge and transverse motion (comprising because of collision and stranded active force that causes and reaction force).

The rough specific design that shows will allow to cause vertically moving of beam because of the radially thermal shrinkage of beam 3 among Fig. 9, and can be used to prevent not wish jar bottom structure 10 that occurs relatively rotating with respect to the brace foundation 23 of below.This rotation is quickened and may be produced because of the ship turning and because of the driftage that wave causes (being that ship centers on the vertical axis rotation).Jar 1 can be offset by using rotation inhibiting holder 16 with respect to this rotation of ship, sees also Fig. 6, Figure 10 (and Figure 11 a, Figure 11 b and Figure 11 c).Act on the various power of sea-freight on the ship as shown in figure 13.The principle how reaction force and jar work as shown in figure 12.

Rotation inhibiting holder 16 comprises the side direction holder surface plate 17 that is arranged vertically and extends abreast with radial girders 3, described surface plate is used to be resisted against the lateral surface of radial girders 3, and the basal sliding supporting element 28 with the lower protruding edge 14 that is used for vertical support beam 3, this sliding support 28 should also have insulating characteristics.

The advantage of the mode of execution shown in Fig. 6 a is, rotation inhibiting holder 16 is separate with jar hub 2, their effect is independently: jar hub 2 be used to prevent jar 1 with the structure jar support base 23 of ship on hub holder 20 between any translation, rotation inhibiting holder 16 is used to prevent that jar from rotating with respect to ship.This rotatory force may be because the turning of ship because the intermittence of the ship that the driftage that causes by wave causes is turned, perhaps produces because rock.

The advantage of the embodiments of the present invention shown in Fig. 6 b is: the position of the rotation inhibiting holder 16 shown in Fig. 6 a can move to the lower limb 15 above tank bottom 13.Beam structure is inner, thereby substrate can be arranged as in the bottom that is soldered to horizontal beam 3, thereby only stays the notch that jar hub 2 forms in the base plate.

In addition, the rotation inhibiting holder of arranging as Fig. 6 b 16 provides two additional advantage: at first, this rotation inhibiting holder 16 is arranged on the maximum radius of jar, thereby provide attainable maximum rotation inhibiting moment, and do not need to be designed to rigidity shown in the image pattern 6a, the rotation inhibiting holder shown in Fig. 6 a provide described rotation inhibiting moment roughly half; Second, this rotation inhibiting holder 16 is arranged near the end of beam the point, and between the jar center at a distance of being much at one main radial distance (Rmaj), and be positioned at the tank skin 11 that comprises vertical beam 12 under, these major parts with the moment of rotation of jar show.Therefore, compare with near the arrangement of less radial distance (Rmin) the centre that rotation inhibiting holder 16 is arranged in radial girders 3 shown in Fig. 6 a, the maintenance meeting that is positioned near the moment of rotation that is realized the longitudinal end of radial girders 3 by the rotation inhibiting holder 16 shown in Fig. 6 b is introduced less bending moment to radial girders 3.Identical reason is also effective for the vertical holder shown in Figure 11 b 4,42: when vertical holder 4,42 is positioned at a distance of jar bottom structure center (i.e. pipe portion 2) maximum radial distance, more approach jar support of jar other of center or keep structure to compare with being arranged in, this vertical holder 4,42 can bear bigger moment of rotation, especially centers on the moment of rotation of the longitudinal axis of ship.Therefore, this pot vertically holder shown in Figure 11 b and the jar holder that is positioned at more the top that is arranged in any side of tank skin be the samely for jar provides identical moment, but not as be arranged in wall more above this holder mechanical aspects and hot aspect shortcoming.

Usually, the layout that is positioned at the rotation inhibiting holder 16 that surpasses the tank skin 11 and the radial distance (Rmaj) at jar end 13 can be so that the tank bottom structure be provided with lowlyer, thereby the capacity that can increase jar also lowers the center of gravity, and than arranging to such an extent that the rotation inhibiting holder of more close center hub 2 provides better rotation inhibiting moment, and still less to the structure amount of penetrating of the heat insulation layer of side under the jar.Usually, shown in Fig. 6 b, rotation inhibiting holder 16 is radially arranged in pairs on the contrary usually, thereby can not produced moment in jar hub 2,20.The vertical holder of inverted U type among Figure 11 b has further reduced a jar subgaskets 113, thereby presents the bottom plate structure 10 of internal structure, thus the capacity to have increased jar with identical mode mentioned above.

Why Fig. 8 needs periphery that vertical holder is arranged in jar if showing, thereby shorten from the vertical force of tank skin and the moment arm that acts between the maintenance vertical force on the polycrystalline substance.If the moment arm that acts on jar bottom structure by tank skin unnecessarily becomes greatly, as shown in the figure, then may break down, and form the crack and may cause leakage owing to shearing force causes a jar bottom structure.

Mentioned above should have the sea-freight operational advantage according to of the present invention jar.Because all support blocks or holder only need around the base plate of jar, and the heat insulation layer of the base plate top that does not have structure member to stride across to be positioned at jar, thereby the heat insulation layer around whole wall construction 11 can be continuous, therefore can be so that heat transmission remains on lower level.This has also simplified the structural design of cryogenic tank.

As indicated above, when construction is provided with the ship that is used to hold according to of the present invention jar cabin groove (compartment recess), can build one or morely simultaneously according to of the present invention jar, so deducibility has extra advantage.Jar 1 according to the present invention can be dropped in the groove, center hub 2 is used for inserting hub holder 20.Vertical force holder 4 and possible rotation inhibiting holder 16 can prepare to be used to hold radial girders 3, and can finish by arm 41 or inverted U type joist that welding is used to encircle radial girders 3.

As the replacement scheme that adopts vertical force holder 4 to encircle the outside of radial girders 3, underlying structure 10 and beam 3 can by radially track 19 around, be used for engaging with vertical holder 4.This layout can allow relatively rotating of cryogenic tank, and possible structure has been shown among Fig. 4.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, vertical holder 4 can be with the arranged in form of voussoir 42 (as shown in Figure 4) in the wall 24 in jar cabin 25, voussoir 43 can be switched in the bulkhead or the bulkhead that pivots out, is used for the outer end 35 that stops the beam 3 of jar bottom structure 10 when jar 1 puts in place.Can be from the jar cabin space outerpace around 25 control this voussoir 42, thereby be convenient to the installation and removal of the jar in the ship.This can further reduce the space requirement of tank skin structure 11 and jar bottom structure 10 peripheries, and has improved between the available ullage of the internal structure jar in the jar groove that drops to ship.

An advantage of the present invention is, compares with the range of jar bottom structure 10, and the range of the center hub 2 of jar is littler.So when jar cools off or is heated, compare with respect to the contraction or expansion widely that the bilge causes with whole jar of bottom structure, center hub 2 is in cooling or can ignore comparatively speaking by total thermal shrinkage or expansion in the thermal process.Even the little range of jar hub 2 allows a jar hub also can remain on when being heated in the single-point holder 20, this allows ship to navigate by water with slack tank, can not realize this operation according to the cryogenic tank of DE1781041.

Therefore, having solved the thermal shrinkage, the side direction that relate to cryogenic tank according to according to the present invention jar keeps, vertically keeps, rocks loading force, rocks the distribution of the power that causes and some problems of stability.

Usually, be furnished with inner tower in the cryogenic tank, this tower keeps vertical pipeline, this pipeline be used for by adopt inner pump or valve with LNG or other fluid filled to jar or from jar, discharge.Described other fluid can be nitrogen, carbon dioxide, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and gas-condensate liquid.In one embodiment of the invention, end hub 2 and hub holder 20 itself can be provided with the inlet of cryogen and/or the passage of outlet, are used to fill or the mode more easily of emptying jars thereby provide.

Figure 14 a and Figure 14 b show the bottom view and the zoomed-in view of embodiments of the present invention, shown among the figure along jar periphery being used to of arranging periphery vertical support member 4 of amplification of encircling the lower protruding edge of radial girders 3, this can remove unnecessary above-mentioned rotation inhibiting holder 16.This layout is easy to make, checks and installs, and allows a jar cabin to have flat.

Figure 15 a shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the jar bottom structure of preferred implementation of the present invention, and matrix (female type) center hub 20 is welded between the inner of radial girders 3, center hub inserts convex (male type) center hub holder 20, this center hub holder 20 is fixed in the support on support beam basis 23, is used for keeping jar 1.The advantage of the matrix center hub 2 shown in Figure 15 a is, compares with the convex center hub 2 ' that substitutes shown in Figure 15 b hereinafter, and this matrix center hub 2 produces bending moment still less in jar bottom structure 10.

Figure 15 b shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the jar bottom structure of optional mode of execution of the present invention, and convex center hub 2 ' be welded between the inner of radial girders 3, center hub 2 ' insertion matrix center hub holder 20 ', this center hub holder 20 ' be fixed in the support on support beam basis 23 is used for keeping jar 1.

Claims

1. the jar (1) that is used for liquid gas, this jar (1) have the jar bottom structure (10) that supports tank skin structure (11), it is characterized in that,

Has center hub (2) in the described jar of bottom structure (10), this center hub (2) is suitable for being kept by the corresponding hub holder (20) in the jar supporting structure substrate (23), and described hub holder (20) is roughly described center hub (2) in the plane of described jar of bottom structure (10) radially confining force is provided.

2. according to claim 1 jar (1), wherein, described center hub (2) is connected with radial structure beam (3), and this radial girders (3) also is provided for supporting described tank skin structure (11).

3. according to claim 2 jar (1) wherein, prevents the vertical movement of described radial girders (3) by vertical holder (4).

4. according to claim 2 jar (1), wherein, described tank skin structure (11) comprises that this trusses (12) is roughly parallel to pot vertically axis (9) near the trusses (12) that extends the outer end of described radial girders (3).

5. according to claim 4 jar (1), wherein, described radial girders (3) supports a jar subgaskets (131).

6. according to claim 1 jar (1), wherein, described tank skin structure (11) extends and centers on the periphery (15) of described jar of bottom structure (10) from the periphery (15) of described jar of bottom structure (10), described tank skin structure (11) is set to keep by the Vertical direction holder (4) that is arranged in the described jar supporting structure substrate (23), in order to avoid because of rocking and/or deflection climbs away the supporting structure substrate (23) of described jar.

7. according to claim 3 jar (1), wherein, described vertical holder (4) also is set for and prevents described jar (1) rotation around described center hub (2).

8. according to claim 1 jar (1), wherein, described cryogenic tank (1) is encapsulated in jar cabin (25), this jar cabin (25) has and is arranged between the described jar bottom structure (10) and described first bilge (23) and is arranged in insulation material layer (8,18) between described tank skin structure (11) and the described bulkhead (24).

9. according to claim 1 jar (1), wherein, described jar of supporting structure substrate (23) is positioned at a jar cabin (25).

10. according to claim 1 jar (1), wherein, described jar of supporting structure substrate (23) is positioned at sea-freight ship (30).

According to claim 10 jar 11. (1), wherein, described jar of supporting structure substrate (23) is the deck of described sea-freight ship (30).

12. according to claim 10 or 11 described jars (1), wherein, described hub holder (20) is fixed in the ship jar supporting structure substrate (23) of level.

13. according to claim 1 jar, wherein, described tank skin structure (11) is cylindrical, described jar of bottom structure (10) roughly forms circular flat.

14. according to claim 1 jar, wherein, described jar (1) is prismatic.

According to claim 1 jar 15. (1), wherein, described cryogenic tank is provided for holding the fluid of LNG, LPG or any low temperature.

According to claim 1 jar 16. (1), wherein, described jar of bottom structure (10) is provided with subgaskets (131), and described tank skin structure (11) is provided with wall liner pad (111).

17. a sea-freight ship that is used to produce and store LNG, this sea-freight ship comprise the jar (1) that is used for described LNG, this jar (1) has the jar bottom structure (10) that supports tank skin structure (11), it is characterized in that,

Described jar of bottom structure (10) has the center hub (2) that is connected in radial structure beam (3), and this radial girders (3) also is provided for supporting described tank skin structure (11),

Described center hub (2) is suitable for being kept by the corresponding hub holder (20) in the jar supporting structure substrate (23) in the described ship, and described hub holder (20) is roughly described center hub (2) in the plane of described jar of bottom structure (10) radially confining force is provided.

18. one kind is used to store and the sea-freight ship of LNG of gasifying again, this sea-freight ship comprises the jar (1) that is used for described LNG, and this jar (1) has a jar bottom structure (10) and is arranged in tank skin structure (11) on this jar bottom structure (10), it is characterized in that,

21. a ship that is used to transport LNG, this ship comprise the jar (1) that is used for described LNG, this jar (1) has the jar axis (9) and jar bottom structure (10) of approximate vertical and is arranged in tank skin structure (11) on this jar bottom structure (10), it is characterized in that,

According to claim 1 jar 22. (1), wherein, described jar of end hub (20) is provided with one or more described jar of passages of filling or emptying cryogen that are used to.

23. the method for the jar (1) be used for liquid gas is installed in ship, and wherein, described jar (1) comprise a jar bottom structure (10) and be positioned at the tank skin structure (11) of the periphery of described jar bottom structure (10),

Wherein, described jar of bottom structure (10) is provided with the jar end hub (2) of approximate centre, hub at the bottom of this jar (2) is suitable for being kept by the end hub holder (20) in the jar supporting structure substrate (23), and wherein, described method comprises slings described jar (11) and directly transfer on the described end hub holder (20).