CN101932867B - A liquefied gas tank with a central hub in the bottom structure - Google Patents

A liquefied gas tank with a central hub in the bottom structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101932867B
CN101932867B CN200880125527.XA CN200880125527A CN101932867B CN 101932867 B CN101932867 B CN 101932867B CN 200880125527 A CN200880125527 A CN 200880125527A CN 101932867 B CN101932867 B CN 101932867B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tank
holder
ship
hub
bottom configuration
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN200880125527.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101932867A (en
Inventor
C·S·尼古拉森
H·H·诺尔
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NLI Innovation AS
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NLI Innovation AS
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Publication of CN101932867A publication Critical patent/CN101932867A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/002—Storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/013—Reinforcing means in the vessel, e.g. columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/014—Suspension means
    • F17C2203/015—Bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0609—Straps, bands or ribbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0656—Metals in form of filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0665—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments radially wound
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0678—Concrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
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    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0391—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters inside the pressure vessel
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
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    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
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    • F17C2270/00—Applications
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0121—Platforms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0123—Terminals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention comprises a tank for liquefied gases or a so-called cryogenic tank (1) with a tank bottom structure (10) and a tank wall structure (11) arranged around a circumference of said tank bottom structure (10), said tank bottom structure (10) provided with a tank bottom hub (2) adapted for being held by a bottom hub retainer (20) on a tank support structural floor (23). The tank is simple to install, cheap in production and handles in an improved manner forces acting on it.

Description

The liquefied gas tank that has center hub in the polycrystalline substance
Introduction
Worldwide energy demand requires a large amount of fuel are transported to the Consumer from its found place.Current uses in practice wherein a kind of cleans the abundantest energy form most and is rock gas.The consumption market apart from each other that main location, gas field is common and main, thus gas need to be transported to the Consumer from the gas field.Pipeline transport is one of admissible means of transportation, yet pipe-line system is very expensive and be difficult to use in long-distance transportation.Therefore Shipping remains the Practical Solution in gas transport (the especially liquid gas transportation) application.
The present invention relates generally to liquefied gas tank, for example LNG tank or LPG tank still adopt term " cryogenic tank (cryogenic tank) " in this manual usually.LNG to make an appointment with-163 ℃ boiling point to be kept in the tank under the barometric pressure, constantly evaporates methane usually.In order to reduce evaporation, can reduce hot-fluid through tank skin by heat insulation layer is set around tank skin.Tank skin structurally must be supported and be stable, but all these part structural supports can import heat in the tank, thereby causes undesirable evaporation.Therefore in order to reduce hot-fluid, need to reduce total cross-section area that part structural support passes heat insulation layer.The common problem of LNG tank and other cryogenic tank is the thermal shrinkage that occurs when initial cooling and tank are filled, and if LNG because evaporating or the emptying thermal expansion that from tank, removes contingent tank.
The LNG tank is attached on the constructed in advance boats and ships or oil tanker usually, but also can directly be installed on the erecting device, floating production storage unit (FPSO for example, floating production and storage unit) and floating oil storage regasification unit (FSRU, floating storage and regasification unit).Use for these, installing simply as the usability of deck space is crucial for the reduction of cost.Also have using at bank of multiple cryogenic tank in this external commercial Application.Have different problems to be solved in the various application, some of them subject matter is temperature, volatility and the toxicity of gas.Proposed multiple tank design for these application, all these designs all have merits and demerits.
When carrying out the low temperature filling process, when tank cooled off from ambient temperature, the bottom plate structure of tank and tank skin structure can shunk.When filling LNG Liquefied natural gas to tank, the periphery bottom of bottom plate structure and tank skin structure can at first be shunk, then by thermal conductivity with by the contacting of guiding liquids and boil-off gas and tank skin, tank skin can cool off and shrink.Especially for LNG boats and ships tank (certainly for some land tanks too), need to prevent tank in cooling procedure with respect to the substrate lateral movement.For the boats and ships tank, this lateral stability is extremely important in the navigation process.The low temperature inner canister need to be designed to be able to tolerate that tank is with respect to the thermal shrinkage of supporting element.This thermal shrinkage is that the low temperature owing to cryogen occurs, and this cryogenic flow is known from experience the temperature that naturally reduces the supporting element that tank itself and this tank be fixed in.Except the tank that occurs when tank is filled cryogen shrinks, tank also can correspondingly expand when tank is emptied.
The difference of thermal shrinkage can cause producing strain in tank skin liner (liner plate) and tank skin longeron structure (girder structure) and in supporting cabin structure.Strain in the LNG tank liner may cause the generation in crack, and the crack may cause LNG to leak, and owing to cause the risk of fire, blast and because the toxicity of methane, it is breakneck that LNG leaks.Tank break and the ship that causes in the leakage of cryogenic gas may also can cause the catastrophic loss of ship, this is because the structural steel of this ship is not to be designed for to be exposed in this low temperature.
For seagoing vessel and other ship, have and rock relevant subject matter because of the wave action of ship or the LNG that produces because of the motion of ship itself.Rock the fault that may cause tank, so tank should be designed to bear the effect of rocking.The invention describes the operational version of the more above-mentioned challenges of reply.
Background technique
US2905352 shown and formed early attempting of the stable can system that is provided for being arranged in the hull, and wherein this can system also allows tank according to steady change and pucker ﹠ bloat in static in ship.The guide that is arranged in the ship floor is arranged in the tank arranged beneath, this guide comprises the groove of vertical layout, and this groove extends in ship along its length, and tank has the corresponding key that is fixed on its base plate, this tank is arranged as and is placed on the ship floor, and the key of tank is installed in the groove.
US3612333 provides further improvement on the basis of principle shown in the above-mentioned US2905352, and wherein key, keyway and support are positioned at the bottom of container, and wherein key mapping on the vertical center line and the corresponding line of cross central line of main and tank.
Authorize Stafford, title and described the tank support system of arranging around the circular horizontal component of tank for the U. S. Patent 4013030 of " Support for LNG ship tanks ".This support system comprises a plurality of identical support unit that arranges around the circular horizontal component interval of tank.Each support unit is connected with tank, and also is connected with base portion.Each support unit has end hub (bottom hub), is used for being placed on corresponding cylindrical shaft and puts.This axle sleeve is arranged on the basis of ship, and allows to move radially with respect to tank but do not allow lateral movement.This allows tank to carry out pucker ﹠ bloat, prevents simultaneously the whole lateral movement of tank.
Authorize the people such as Abe, title has been described a kind of for the prismatic tank of liquid gas for the U. S. Patent 5531178 of " Support structure for self-standing storage tank in liquefied gas carrier ship ", wherein said tank is arranged in the tank cabin (tank compartment), and the below of tank has bottom support, allows tank to expand and shrink in side direction.This supporting structure is provided with and vertically moves limiting component and lateral movement limiting component, the described limiting component that vertically moves is arranged along horizontal line, prevent that whole tank from moving along the fore-and-aft direction of ship, described lateral movement limiting component is arranged along the center line of ship, is prevented that tank from moving along starboard-larboard direction.Be furnished with a plurality of strong points for the carrying tank, this design is so that the installation very complex of tank.This supporting element can increase the weight of design, and this supporting element seems also to arrange in asymmetrical mode in addition.Lacking symmetry properties can cause in cooling procedure stress distribution inhomogeneous.This design also can be delivered to the ship structure with moment load (moment load).
US6971537 has described the support arrangement that is used for semi-membrane tank walls, and wherein supporting component provides vertical support for tank skin, allows simultaneously relative movement in the horizontal direction.This design can cause substantial concentrated load (point load) occurring at whole tank skin, and this is unnecessary.This design is complicated and expensive, thereby has increased installation time and cost, and has increased the difficulty that obsolete vessel only is converted into the LNG oil tanker.
D.B.P. 1506761 has been described the method for a kind of LNG of transportation, wherein a plurality of tanks are arranged in the hull as individual unit, and wherein said unit is supported by a plurality of column bases, and the some of them column base is arranged around the periphery of tank, and wherein had at least one center column base.This design is so that must be able to process rolling load (roll load) on the tank deck across the bulkhead of ship.This can gain in weight, cost, and so that the construction of tank is complicated.
Title has been described the similar supporting structure that is used for prismatic tank for the D.B.P. 1781041 of " Tankschiff zum Transport von Fl ü ssiggasen ", wherein the arranged beneath at the tank center vertically moves limiting component, in the arranged beneath of the front-rear center of tank part the lateral movement limiting component is arranged.Space between the supporting structure part of limiting component and the bottom configuration of limiting component is suitable for holding the locking pad, and when tank shrank in the cooling procedure when filling liquid gas to tank, this locking pad was locked in the appropriate location.Starboard side and port side along the tank cabin are furnished with the lateral movement limiting component, and this lateral movement limiting component also is provided with the locking pad, are used for when cooling tank being combined with supporting structure.This is extremely complicated design, and needs very meticulous processing to realize desired tolerance.Thereby this tank will be very expensive.In addition, this design meeting is passed to the ship structure with load from tank, and this load is uncontrollable, and is uncertain in some degree.If the locking pad is heated to above the above temperature of wish cooling down operation temperature of tank, then the locking pad will break away from combination, and tank may roll in the tank cabin in uncontrollable mode.
The U. S. Patent 3064612 that is entitled as " Carrier constructions for bulk fluids " of Gardner has been described a kind of LPG cargo ship of the prismatic tank with extending along abeam direction fully.The patent of Gardner has been described a kind of tank for liquid gas, and this tank has the bottom configuration that supports the tank skin structure, this tank skin structure as described in the preamble of independent claims of the present invention around as described in the periphery of bottom configuration arrange.Each tank is supported by the tank base assembly, and the structure of described tank base assembly and ship is fixed together, and each supported tank relative sliding in a longitudinal direction, and still described tank base assembly is fixed on each tank on the center line of ship.In addition, each tank has the lateral support piece, and this lateral support piece is arranged between the port and starboard of the left and right side of tank and interior hull inboard.Described tank base assembly comprises the keel of arranging along interior hull center line.Described keel has the U-shaped holder for the gummed paper plate that keeps bottom and sidepiece to slide keel longitudinal extension of face under the tank, and the permission tank elongates or shortens in a longitudinal direction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve at least some above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention includes the tank for liquid gas, this tank has the bottom configuration that supports the tank skin structure, described tank skin structure is arranged around the periphery of described bottom configuration, wherein said bottom configuration is provided with hub at the bottom of the center tank, hub is suitable for being kept by hub holder of the suprabasil end of tank supporting structure at the bottom of this center tank, and hub is provided for providing the radial support power with described bottom configuration parallel direction at the bottom of the wherein said center tank.
Provided other mode of execution of the present invention in the dependent claims.
First advantage of the present invention is, liquefied gas tank all passes through described center hub guiding in all supports of side direction, thereby need not cryogenic tank is carried out lateral support, thereby can not produce " cold bridge " that passes around the heat insulation layer of tank skin, thereby heat insulation layer is more continuous and be easier to install.In addition, in case of necessity, for example in order to observe tank or tank cabin or for tank is keeped in repair or transforms, the dismounting of heat insulation layer is more convenient.
Second advantage of the present invention is because tank is fixed on the single initial point by center hub, in the cooling procedure of cryogenic tank, tank with respect to all of tank cabin shrink all occur in respect to this single hub roughly radially.For the vertical holder of bottom configuration setting can allow radial expansion or contraction, thereby be conducive to cryogenic tank to the mechanical adaptability in tank cabin, and be convenient to cryogenic tank is heated to normal temperature.Need not as cryogenic tank of the prior art, lateral support to be set and to carry out special consideration for the tank skin along cryogenic tank troublesomely.
Owing to have the vertical holder of arranging along the periphery of bottom configuration, the 3rd advantage of the present invention is, because goods rocks, ship rocks (rolling), deflection (pitching) even the common straight line of the vertical force from tank skin (these power come from the bottom of wall construction) stranded or that collision causes and is passed down through the periphery of bottom plate structure, and enters downwards on the vertical holder of the tank brace foundation that is fixed in ship.Thereby the undesirable shearing force in the bottom configuration that the tank of having avoided to a great extent prior art can produce (and tank skin structure).
For having the mode of execution of arranging vertical holder at the periphery of the outer end of the beam of bottom configuration, the 4th advantage of the present invention is, bottom configuration can have the beam structure that is arranged in the subgaskets top, compare with the tank with external beam structure, so that the reduction of the center of gravity of the cryogenic tank in the ship, and can increase tankage size.
Also another advantage according to prismatic tank of the present invention is, compares with the vertical cylindrical tank, can increase significantly tankage size.Common cylindrical tank can hold about 18000 cubic metres, and prismatic tank can be set to utilize the cross section of ship and can build along the larger part along the main axis of ship, thereby in the situation of the identical cross-section that is limited to ship, prismatic tank can be configured to hold about 35000 cubic metres usually.
Description of drawings
Shown in the drawings of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 a is the sketch according to the cylindrical mode of execution of liquefied gas tank of the present invention (hereinafter being called cryogenic tank), and is a little from the sidepiece of tank and this tank of beneath of bottom configuration;
Fig. 1 b is the perspective view according to the prismatic mode of execution of cryogenic tank of the present invention, and is to observe this tank from the tank top towards the sidepiece of tank and the longitudinal axis of ship a little;
Fig. 1 c is the simple view according to the prismatic mode of execution of cryogenic tank of the present invention, and be a little from beneath etc. axle survey this tank of view, shown the primary component of the bottom plate structure of this prismatic tank;
Fig. 2 a is according to the vertical cross-section of the polycrystalline substance of tank of the present invention letter view, and this tank is placed in the tank supporting structure substrate in the tank cabin.In this embodiment, the bottom jar structure is so-called exterior mechanical structure, and wherein bottom liner is arranged in the top of the beam of polycrystalline substance.
Similar with Fig. 2 a, Fig. 3 a is the vertical cross-section letter view that passes tank of the present invention, wherein the cylindrical wall liner is supported by the vertical trusses on the end of the radial girders that is arranged on bottom configuration (radial beam), and cylindrical wall and base structure and tank bilge section and tank bulkhead are isolated.
Fig. 3 b is the perspective view corresponding with Fig. 2, and shows the built in beam wall construction (internal beam wall structure) that stands upright on the so-called external structure bottom configuration (external structure tank bottom structure).
Fig. 4 has shown the vertical holder of radial arrangement with the vertical cross-section according to the bottom of tank of the present invention of simplifying, and this vertical holder is provided for preventing that the periphery of bottom configuration from rising from the tank supporting structure that forms tank bilge section.
Fig. 5 a is the embodiment's of vertical holder perspective view, and this vertical holder has arm, and this arm is provided for keeping around the lower protruding edge of the radial girders of polycrystalline substance.
Fig. 5 b is the embodiment's of vertical holder corresponding perspective view, this vertical holder forms the vertical holder of inverted U-shaped joist folder (bridle clamp), on connection and the tank brace foundation, and be arranged in the outer end top of the horizontal beam of bottom configuration, and its end extends beyond the periphery of tank skin.
Fig. 6 a is from the perspective view according to the horizontal plane beneath of the mode of execution of tank of the present invention, and has the rotation inhibiting holder for the radial girders structure of tank.Herein, the rotation inhibiting holder is arranged in from the cylindrical tank center at a distance of the position of only about half of radial distance.
Fig. 6 b is similarly from the perspective view according to the horizontal plane beneath of the another kind of mode of execution of tank of the present invention, and has and be arranged in from the cylindrical tank center-diameter at a distance of near the rotation inhibiting holder the position of whole beam length.
Fig. 7 a is perspective view and the viewgraph of cross-section of hull, and vertical cylindrical tank freight space is in the center of center longitudinal bulkhead, and has the cross section according to the low temperature cylindrical tank of thermal insulation of the present invention.
Fig. 7 b is perspective view and the viewgraph of cross-section of hull, and has a series of prismatic tank cabin of arranging along the center line of ship, and has the cross section according to the prismatic tank of low temperature of thermal insulation of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows, if be subject to acting on the uncompensated climbing power on the wall of the end that stands on beam, bottom structure then is fixed on other position along bottom configuration, then issuable shearing force in the horizontal beam in the bottom configuration of prior art.Eliminated to a great extent this uncompensated shearing force in the bottom configuration by the present invention.
Fig. 9 a is the close-up illustration of the vertical holder of arm type of beam, and this figure is corresponding with the vertical holder of arm type among Fig. 5 a, and beam only partly shows with the cross section of lower flange.
Fig. 9 b is the close-up illustration of the vertical holder of arm type of beam, and it is corresponding that this figure and inverted U-shaped joist among Fig. 5 b press from both sides vertical holder, has shown the outside of beam, the remaining part of beam with dotted lines.
Figure 10 is the view of the rotation inhibiting supporting element of radial girders.
Figure 11 a is the design letter view of the polycrystalline substance of cylindrical tank according to the embodiment of the present invention, shown the center hub of bottom configuration, the radially H type beam of subgaskets that supports tank and near the cylindrical wall structure that extends above the outer end of the radial girders of polycrystalline substance among the figure, and approached and peripherally extend and across the H type beam between the radial girders.The vertical holder of arm type is arranged near the outer end, and keeps horizontal beam, and the many groups of shorter vertical holders of described arm type of radial position are arranged closer to center hub.
Figure 11 b is the almost similar Design view of the polycrystalline substance of cylindrical tank according to the embodiment of the present invention, only presss from both sides the outer end that vertical holder keeps the beam of bottom configuration with inverted U-shaped joist.This design is the of the present invention simpler simpler mode of execution corresponding with content shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 b.The vertical holder of Figure 11 a and Figure 11 b also can be used as the rotation inhibiting holder, prevents around the rotation of the vertical axis that passes center hub or tank.
Figure 11 c is along the center radial girders and a little from the perspective view according to the polycrystalline substance beneath of cryogenic tank of the present invention.This tank is prismatic, but the tank structure of bottom girder is corresponding with the bottom configuration shown in Figure 11 a to a great extent with vertical holder.
Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b are the active force of tank (white arrow) generation and the perspective diagram of the corresponding reaction force that the tank support system produces.Center hub transmits along the power of the beam effect of bottom configuration, and the rotation inhibiting holder transmits moment of rotation, and vertical holder transmits vertical force.
Figure 13 shows different translational motions and the rotation of sea-freight ship.
Figure 14 a shows embodiments of the present invention with bottom view and enlarged side view, has shown arm type periphery vertical support member (arm-type peripheral vertical support).
Figure 14 b shows embodiments of the present invention with bottom view and enlarged side view, has shown inverted U-shaped joist folder periphery vertical support member.
Figure 15 a shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the bottom configuration of preferred implementation of the present invention, and matrix (female type) center hub is welded between the inner of radial girders, center hub inserts convex (male type) center hub holder, this center hub holder is fixed in the support on support beam basis, is used for keeping tank.
Figure 15 b shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the bottom configuration of optional mode of execution of the present invention, and the convex center hub is welded between the inner of radial girders, center hub inserts matrix center hub holder, and this center hub remains fixed in the support on support beam basis, is used for keeping tank.
Embodiment
The present invention includes the tank 1 for liquid gas (for example liquefied methane (LNG), liquefied ethane, liquefied propane (LPG) or other liquid gas).Tank 1 according to the present invention is used for ship (ship) or other sea-freight ship (marine vessel).The term that adopts in this specification " ship " or " sea-freight ship " also comprise floating and semi-submersible type production vessel or stock boat (floating and semisubmersible petroleumproduction or storage vessels).In addition, can be arranged on the fixed Ship Structure according to tank of the present invention.Described tank is designed under atmospheric pressure and uses, but pressurized canister is also within limit of consideration.Be commonly referred to hereinafter cryogenic tank 1 according to tank of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the tank in the low temperature range, but is used for the liquid gas such as above-mentioned gas.The tank 1 that is used for liquid gas is provided with bottom configuration 10 and tank skin structure 11, and this tank skin structure 11 is arranged around the periphery 15 of described bottom configuration 10.Pilaster beam 12 is arranged as for a part that consists of tank skin structure 11.Tank skin structure 11 supports tank deck usually.Bottom configuration 10 is provided with hub 2 at the bottom of the tank that approximate centre arranges, hub of the described end 2 is suitable for being kept by the end hub holder 20 in the tank supporting structure substrate (tank support structural floor) 23.Tank hub 20 can provide roughly the support force with the plane parallel direction of described bottom configuration 10.
Tank 1 according to the present invention allows tank to keep by the hub 2 of a single point of bottom configuration 10, and described hub 2 is kept by the hub holder 20 on the supporting structure at the bottom of the tank 23.
The thermal shrinkage campaign of large-scale seagoing vessel tank from normal temperature to low temperature can have sizable size.By a center hub tank side direction is prevented that fixedly a substantial advantage of tank lateral movement is, because tank only is limited at a point, and all the other structures (for example beam 3 of bottom configuration 10) are extended or contraction in the direction of passing this center hub 2, therefore when initially filling liquid gas to tank, can or can in cooling procedure, not set up thermal strain hardly.
Seagoing vessel is subject to six translation freedoms and rotational freedom: for the rocking of rotational motion (roll), deflection (pitch) and driftage (yaw), for the fluctuating (heave) of translational motion, surge (surge) and traversing (gear), see also Figure 13.
Thereby according to the present invention, hub 2 can provide the support for the power in the lateral plane that acts on tank, and wherein said hub 2 independent tank hub holders 20 on tank supporting structure 23 provide necessary lateral plane power.This formerly have the analogs such as a plurality of keys, groove and wherein the design that is provided for only providing support in single direction of each key or groove improve.Hub 2 should be arranged as the center near bottom configuration 10 usually, thereby avoids the imbalance in the hub.Another advantage of this design is, at most only along a half-size scale generation thermal expansion/contraction translation of bottom configuration, rather than along whole length or the diameter of bottom configuration this thermal expansion/contraction translation occurs.Bottom configuration 10 can be configured to the material pieces of a compactness, concrete element for example, and perhaps bottom configuration 10 can preferably be configured to adopt radial girders 3, and is as mentioned below.
In preferred implementation of the present invention, beam 3 flatly or radially extends from center hub 2, and supports or keep the anti-fluid subgaskets 113 of tank 1.Vertical trusses 12 extends upward near the outer end of radial girders 3, and supports the support pad 111 of the tank skin structure 11 of tank 1.Radial girders 3 is that the distributed force on tank substrate and the tank that acts on whole tank ship provides support.This is in the partially filled situation extremely important at tank, because the power that acts on the tank 1 may cause violent rocking for example to be rocked or deflection.Especially this problem can appear when tank 1 is installed in floating type ship for example on FPSO or FSRU or the LNG oil tanker time.In the fixed cryogenic tank in ground and because earthquake may cause rocking, for ground tanks, it is vital that the power that can bear earthquake and produce (because earthquake accelerate this power in the horizontal direction may be near 1g) and the tank that rocks that causes thereof are provided.
Must transmit by tank skin structure 11 because of the lateral force of rocking, deflection, surge and the traversing relative acceleration that produces cause between tank support base 23 and the LNG fluid-load of sea-freight ship 30, and the LNG goods is understood owing to rocking and rocking that acceleration produces response force with deflection.As indicated above, this is for a sea-freight ship especially problem.Rocking on a large scale, deflection, surge and traversing, the end hub 2 that is kept by the hub holder 20 on the tank support base 23 can remain on the appropriate location with tank 1.Otherwise bottom configuration 10 will be supported by the conventional basis (being tank support base 23) of tank below in vertical direction.Support base 23 can be made of with the transverse bulkhead support the longitudinal support of the lateral arrangement of longitudinal center's support bulkhead and ship.The tank support base 23 of structure is provided with described tank hub holder 20.The possible holder of the heat insulation layer that the tank support base 23 of structure also should comprise subgaskets on the support, be used for supporting the subgaskets of the bottom heat insulation layer of LNG tank below, passed by hub holder 20 and center hub 2, other type of hereinafter specifically mentioning and possible pipeline.
Shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, cryogenic tank 1 can be arranged in the tank groove cabin with wall 24.Although shown cylindrical tank among Fig. 1 a, will be understood that the tank of other geometrical shape also falls within the scope of the invention, for example any type is prismatic, especially the rectangle shown in Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c and Figure 11 c.The selection of this geometrical shape is design problem, although this design problem is the center of ship design itself, is not center of the present invention.For example can expect spherical tank, wherein the bottom of tank skin structure is removed, and substitutes with the bottom configuration of general plane.On this bottom configuration 10, can arrange according to the embodiment of the present invention center hub 2 and the beam 3 of possible radial arrangement.Shown the detailed layout that is arranged in the cryogenic tank 1 in the sea-freight ship among Fig. 2 a, Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Figure 11 a, Figure 11 b and Figure 11 c.Fig. 2 a further shows some details shown in Figure 1, for example the tank hub holder 20 on the tank support base 23 of the structure of the tank groove of ship.Fig. 3 a and 3b further show some details, for example bottom insulator 8, cylindrical wall insulator 18 and pot vertically axis 9.The tank support base 23 of structure is used for various purposes, but use a major advantage of this system to be, tank can carry out prefabricated on the coast, and simply will this prefabricated tank in an easy steps promotes and drop on the hub holder 20 on the tank groove of ship.This can simplify the installation of cryogenic tank in the ship significantly.Important advantage be exactly a lot of FPSU and FSRU ship all be to be converted by waterborne vessel (surface vessel).Therefore the repacking of ship and the construction of cryogenic tank can be carried out simultaneously, rather than carry out successively.In an identical manner, if tank need to be removed to safeguard, can simply cryogenic tank be hung ship.This forms a sharp contrast with LNG tank costliness and the maintenance difficult learnt from background technique.
The significant advantage of the interior beam structure in the bottom configuration shown in Fig. 1 b is that the subgaskets position is lower, can reduce the center of gravity of tank when therefore having increased tankage size, and the advantage of Economy and stability is provided.
Utilize the present invention, the lateral force of radially transmitting by center hub 2 between ship and liquid gas is passed whole polycrystalline substance 10, as the pressure and/or the tension force that pass bottom configuration (10), the lateral force between described ship and the liquid gas also is passed to around the upright tank skin structure 11 of the periphery of bottom plate structure 10 from bottom configuration 10 as shearing force.Think that the power according to jar structure transmission of the present invention is distributed better at whole jar structure, thereby prevent that the crack from forming, especially prevent the formation crack, lower rim place of transition between tank subgaskets 113 and tank skin liner 111.Therefore, compared with prior art, according to tank of the present invention can reduce especially by rock, deflection and cause rock the strain that produces.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, bottom configuration 10 comprises that at least three are preferably four or more radial girders 3, and the radial inner end of this radial girders 3 is connected with described center hub 2.In preferred implementation of the present invention, radial girders 3 should support near the vertical trusses 12 that extends the outer end of described radial girders 3.Impermeable liner 131,111 preferably forms the antiseepage tank lining of bottom configuration 10 and tank skin structure 11.Liner is connected in beam structure 3 and truss structure 12. Tank skin structure 11,12 can be strengthened by bar, band or wire on the periphery direction, perhaps tank skin structure 11,12 can arrange the hoop twisting member of being made by analogs such as wire, glass fibre, aramide-fibre, carbon fibers, and tank can be provided with the top with periphery corresponding with bottom peripheral edge.According to the top of tank of the present invention without any need for lateral constraints, because the active force of translation and rotation-reaction force transmission is all undertaken by bottom plate structure.
Center hub 2 is not in fact to be provided for tank 1 do not remained moving in the vertical axis direction.Although can imagine by this center hub 2 and realize vertically keeping function, for example shown in Figure 8, but this manages function is indirectly with respect to tank skin structure 11, and can cause the vertical force from tank skin structure 11 is transmitted by the undesirable vertical shear in the beam 3 of bottom plate structure 11.
Center tank hub 2 and corresponding tank hub holder 20 thereof are preferably only processed the power in the horizontal plane of position, centre (neutral) of ship.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vertical force holder 4 that passes through with respect to the upward force of the tank groove (recess) of ship bottom 23 on the tank skin structure 11,12 is realized, this vertical force holder 4 is arranged between the periphery 15 of tank support slot lower support structure (tank support recess bottom support structure) 23 and bottom configuration, preferably is arranged between the outside 35 of beam 3 of tank support slot lower support structure 23 and bottom configuration 10.In one embodiment of the invention, vertical force holder 4 comprises substrate, this substrate welds or otherwise is connected in basis 23, and the upright support plate is welded on this substrate, described upright support plate is provided with arm 41, for the lower side flange of the H type that the keeps flat beam cross section of encircling described radial girders 3.This is shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 9 a, Figure 11 a, Figure 11 c, Figure 12 a and Figure 14 a.The plate that can will have again arm 41 on the appropriate location that tank is dropped to the hub holder 20 in the tank cabin afterwards is welded to the appropriate location.Although illustrate H type beam, obviously can adopt any suitable beam structure.
In another embodiment of the invention, vertical force holder 4 comprises substrate, this substrate welds or otherwise is connected in basis 23, and the upright support plate is welded on this substrate, described upright support plate comprises inverted U-shaped joist (bridle) or arched member (arc) 42, is used for encircling the outside 35 of horizontal radial beam 3.This is shown in Fig. 5 b, Fig. 9 b, Figure 11 b, Figure 12 b and Figure 14 b.Also can on the appropriate location that tank is dropped to the hub holder 20 in the tank cabin, more inverted U-shaped vertical holder plate 42 be welded to the appropriate location afterwards.
Shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b, the climbing power of the Vertical direction that forms in the tank skin structure 11,12 will be offset by vertical force holder 4, this vertical force holder 4 be arranged in tank skin structure 11 under, and guide on the brace foundation 23 of ship.Therefore, may cause very serious rolling power, rock power and rock acceleration at mad wolf state or owing to displacement load or owing to accident, these power can be offset at least to the static angular that limits in advance for whole tank, and for example heel reaches 30 degree with respect to port side or starboard side.
Up to the present, based on above-mentioned explanation, can simply state as by using the center hub in the bottom plate structure can remain on suitable lateral position according to tank of the present invention, and by adopting the vertical force holder that the lower limb of cylindrical tank skin is held down, the lower limb of this cylindrical tank skin is towards below tank supporting structure, this can prevent according to tank according to the present invention break away from the basis or even topple over, as shown in Figure 4.This can prevent the destruction to tank that causes because of the rocking of ship, deflection, surge and transverse motion (comprising the active force and the reaction force that cause because of collision and grounding).
The rough specific design that shows will allow to cause vertically moving of beam because of the radially thermal shrinkage of beam 3 among Fig. 9, and can be for the bottom configuration 10 that prevents from not wishing occurring relatively rotating with respect to the brace foundation 23 of below.This rotation is accelerated and may be produced because of the ship turning and because of the driftage that wave causes (being that ship centers on the vertical axis rotation).Tank 1 can be offset by using rotation inhibiting holder 16 with respect to this rotation of ship, sees also Fig. 6, Figure 10 (and Figure 11 a, Figure 11 b and Figure 11 c).Act on the various power of sea-freight on the ship as shown in figure 13.The principle how reaction force and tank work as shown in figure 12.
Rotation inhibiting holder 16 comprises the side direction holder surface plate 17 that is arranged vertically and extends abreast with radial girders 3, described surface plate is used for being resisted against the lateral surface of radial girders 3, and have the basal sliding supporting element 28 for the lower protruding edge 14 of vertical support beam 3, this sliding support 28 should also have insulating characteristics.
The advantage of the mode of execution shown in Fig. 6 a is, rotation inhibiting holder 16 is separate with tank hub 2, their effect is independently: tank hub 2 is for any translation between the hub holder 20 on the structure tank support base 23 that prevents tank 1 and ship, and rotation inhibiting holder 16 is used for preventing that tank from rotating with respect to ship.This rotatory force may be because the turning of ship because the intermittence of the ship that the driftage that causes by wave causes is turned, perhaps produces because rock.
The advantage of the embodiments of the present invention shown in Fig. 6 b is: the position of the rotation inhibiting holder 16 shown in Fig. 6 a can move to the lower limb 15 above tank bottom 13.Beam structure is inner, thereby substrate can be arranged as in the bottom that is soldered to horizontal beam 3, thereby only stays the notch that tank hub 2 forms in the base plate.
In addition, the rotation inhibiting holder 16 of arranging such as Fig. 6 b provides two additional advantages: at first, this rotation inhibiting holder 16 is arranged on the maximum radius of tank, thereby provide attainable maximum rotation inhibiting moment, and do not need shown in Fig. 6 a, to be designed to rigidity, the rotation inhibiting holder shown in Fig. 6 a provide described rotation inhibiting moment roughly half; Second, this rotation inhibiting holder 16 is arranged near the end of beam the point, and between the tank center at a distance of being almost identical main radial distance (Rmaj), and be positioned at the tank skin 11 that comprises vertical beam 12 under, these major parts with the moment of rotation of tank show.Therefore, compare with near the arrangement of less radial distance (Rmin) the centre that rotation inhibiting holder 16 is arranged in radial girders 3 shown in Fig. 6 a, the maintenance meeting that is positioned near the moment of rotation that realizes the longitudinal end of radial girders 3 by the rotation inhibiting holder 16 shown in Fig. 6 b is introduced less bending moment to radial girders 3.Identical reason is also effective for the vertical holder 4,42 shown in Figure 11 b: when vertical holder 4,42 is positioned at a distance of bottom configuration center (i.e. pipe section 2) maximum radial distance, compare with other tank support or the maintenance structure that are arranged in closer to the tank center, this vertical holder 4,42 can bear larger moment of rotation, especially centers on the moment of rotation of the longitudinal axis of ship.Therefore, this pot vertically holder shown in Figure 11 b and the tank holder that is positioned at more the top that is arranged in any side of tank skin provide identical moment for tank the samely, but not as be arranged in wall more above this holder mechanical aspects and hot aspect shortcoming.
Usually, the layout that is positioned at the rotation inhibiting holder 16 that surpasses at the bottom of tank skin 11 and the tank 13 radial distance (Rmaj) can be so that the tank bottom structure arranges lowlyer, thereby can increase the capacity of tank and lower the center of gravity, and than arranging to such an extent that the rotation inhibiting holder of more close center hub 2 provides better rotation inhibiting moment, and to the structure amount of penetrating of the heat insulation layer of side under the tank still less.Usually, shown in Fig. 6 b, rotation inhibiting holder 16 is usually radially arranged in pairs on the contrary, thereby can not produced moment in tank hub 2,20.Inverted U-shaped vertical holder among Figure 11 b has further reduced tank subgaskets 113, thereby presents the bottom plate structure 10 of internal structure, thereby to have increased the capacity of tank with identical mode mentioned above.
Fig. 8 shows the periphery that needs vertical holder is arranged in tank why, thereby shortens from the vertical force of tank skin and the moment arm that acts between the maintenance vertical force on the polycrystalline substance.If the moment arm that acts on the bottom configuration by tank skin unnecessarily becomes greatly, as shown in the figure, then may break down owing to shearing force causes bottom configuration, and form the crack and may cause leakage.
Mentioned above should have the sea-freight operational advantage according to tank of the present invention.Because all support blocks or holder only need the base plate around tank, and the heat insulation layer of the base plate that does not have structure member to stride across to be positioned at tank top, thereby the heat insulation layer around whole wall construction 11 can be continuous, therefore can be so that heat transmission remains on lower level.This has also simplified the structural design of cryogenic tank.
As indicated above, when construction is provided be used to the ship that holds the cabin groove (compartment recess) according to tank of the present invention, can build simultaneously one or morely according to tank of the present invention, so deducibility has extra advantage.Tank 1 according to the present invention can be dropped in the groove, center hub 2 is used for inserting hub holder 20.Vertical force holder 4 and possible rotation inhibiting holder 16 can be prepared be used to holding radial girders 3, and can finish by arm 41 or inverted U-shaped joist that welding is used for encircling radial girders 3.
As the replacement scheme that adopts vertical force holder 4 to encircle the outside of radial girders 3, underlying structure 10 and beam 3 can by radially track 19 around, be used for engaging with vertical holder 4.This layout can allow relatively rotating of cryogenic tank, and possible structure has been shown among Fig. 4.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, vertical holder 4 can be with the arranged in form of voussoir 43 (as shown in Figure 4) in the wall 24 in tank cabin 25, voussoir 43 can be switched in the bulkhead or pivot out bulkhead, for the outer end 35 of the beam 3 that stops bottom configuration 10 when tank 1 puts in place.Can be from the tank cabin space outerpace around 25 control this voussoir 43, thereby be convenient to the installation and removal of the tank in the ship.This can further reduce the space requirement of tank skin structure 11 and bottom configuration 10 peripheries, and has improved between the available ullage of the internal structure tank in the tank groove that drops to ship.
An advantage of the present invention is, compares with the range of bottom configuration 10, and the range of the center hub 2 of tank is less.Therefore when tank cools off or is heated, compare with respect to the widely contraction or expansion that the bilge causes with whole bottom configuration, center hub 2 is in cooling or can ignore comparatively speaking by total thermal shrinkage or expansion in the thermal process.Even the little range of tank hub 2 allows the tank hub also can remain on when being heated in the single-point holder 20, this allows ship to navigate by water with slack tank, can not realize this operation according to the cryogenic tank of DE1781041.
Therefore, tank according to the present invention has solved the thermal shrinkage, the side direction that relate to cryogenic tank and keeps, vertically keeps, rocks loading force, rocks some problems of the force distribution that causes and stability.
Usually, be furnished with inner tower in the cryogenic tank, this tower keeps vertical pipeline, and this pipeline is used for by adopting inner pump or valve that LNG or other fluid filling are discharged to tank or from tank.Described other fluid can be nitrogen, carbon dioxide, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and gas-condensate liquid.In one embodiment of the invention, end hub 2 and hub holder 20 itself can be provided with the entrance of cryogen and/or the passage of outlet, thereby the more easily mode that is used for filling or emptying jars is provided.
Figure 14 a and Figure 14 b show bottom view and the zoomed-in view of embodiments of the present invention, shown the periphery vertical support member 4 of amplification of encircling the lower protruding edge of radial girders 3 along the periphery of tank being used for of arranging among the figure, this can remove unnecessary above-mentioned rotation inhibiting holder 16.This layout is easy to make, checks and installs, and allows the tank cabin to have flat.
Figure 15 a shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the bottom configuration of preferred implementation of the present invention, and matrix (female type) center hub 20 is welded between the inner of radial girders 3, center hub inserts convex (male type) center hub holder 20, this center hub holder 20 is fixed in the support on support beam basis 23, is used for keeping tank 1.The advantage of the matrix center hub 2 shown in Figure 15 a is, compares with the convex center hub 2 ' that substitutes shown in Figure 15 b hereinafter, and this matrix center hub 2 produces bending moment still less in bottom configuration 10.
Figure 15 b shows the simplification vertical cross-section according to the bottom configuration of optional mode of execution of the present invention, and convex center hub 2 ' be welded between the inner of radial girders 3, center hub 2 ' insertion matrix center hub holder 20 ', this center hub holder 20 ' be fixed in the support on support beam basis 23 is used for keeping tank 1.

Claims (22)

1. be used for the tank (1) of liquid gas, this tank (1) has the bottom configuration (10) that supports tank skin structure (11), it is characterized in that,
Has center hub (2) in the described bottom configuration (10), this center hub (2) is suitable for being kept by the corresponding hub holder (20) in the tank supporting structure substrate (23), and described hub holder (20) is that the described center hub (2) in the plane of described bottom configuration (10) provides confining force radially.
2. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described center hub (2) is connected with radial structure beam (3), and this radial structure beam (3) also is provided for supporting described tank skin structure (11).
3. tank according to claim 2 (1) wherein, prevents the vertical movement of described radial structure beam (3) by vertical holder (4).
4. tank according to claim 2 (1), wherein, described tank skin structure (11) comprises that this trusses (12) is roughly parallel to pot vertically axis (9) near the trusses (12) that extends the outer end of described radial structure beam (3).
5. tank according to claim 4 (1), wherein, described radial structure beam (3) supports tank subgaskets (131).
6. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank skin structure (11) extends and centers on the periphery (15) of described bottom configuration (10) from the periphery (15) of described bottom configuration (10), described tank skin structure (11) is provided for keeping by the Vertical direction holder (4) that is arranged in the described tank supporting structure substrate (23), thereby prevents because rocking and/or deflection climbs away described tank supporting structure substrate (23).
7. tank according to claim 3 (1), wherein, described vertical holder (4) is provided for also preventing that described tank (1) is around the rotation of described center hub (2).
8. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank (1) is encapsulated in the tank cabin (25), this tank cabin (25) has the insulation material layer (8,18) between the wall (24) that is arranged between described bottom configuration (10) and the described tank supporting structure substrate (23) and is arranged in described tank skin structure (11) and described tank cabin.
9. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank supporting structure substrate (23) is positioned at tank cabin (25).
10. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank supporting structure substrate (23) is positioned at sea-freight ship (30).
11. tank according to claim 10 (1), wherein, described tank supporting structure substrate (23) is the deck of described sea-freight ship (30).
12. according to claim 10 or 11 described tanks (1), wherein, described hub holder (20) is fixed in the ship tank supporting structure substrate (23) of level.
13. tank according to claim 1, wherein, described tank skin structure (11) is cylindrical, and described bottom configuration (10) roughly forms circular flat.
14. tank according to claim 1, wherein, described tank (1) is prismatic.
15. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank is provided for holding LNG or LPG.
16. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described bottom configuration (10) is provided with subgaskets (131), and described tank skin structure (11) is provided with wall liner pad (111).
17. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank be arranged in for the production of with the sea-freight ship of storing LNG on.
18. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank is arranged in the sea-freight ship for storage and the LNG that gasifies again.
19. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described tank is arranged in the ship for transportation LNG.
20. tank according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described hub holder (20) is provided with one or more passages that are used to described tank to fill or empty cryogen.
21. install to be used for the method for the tank (1) of liquid gas, comprise described tank (1) is installed in the ship that wherein, described tank (1) comprises bottom configuration (10) and be positioned at the tank skin structure (11) of the periphery of described bottom configuration (10),
Wherein, described bottom configuration (10) is provided with the center hub (2) of approximate centre, and this center hub (2) is suitable for being kept by the hub holder (20) in the tank supporting structure substrate (23) of ship.
22. method according to claim 21, wherein, described method also comprises slings described tank (1) and directly transfers on the described hub holder (20) of described ship.
CN200880125527.XA 2007-12-03 2008-12-03 A liquefied gas tank with a central hub in the bottom structure Expired - Fee Related CN101932867B (en)

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US99672207P 2007-12-03 2007-12-03
US60/996,722 2007-12-03
NO20076213A NO332554B1 (en) 2007-12-03 2007-12-03 A liquid gas tank with a central hub in the bottom structure.
NO20076213 2007-12-03
PCT/NO2008/000431 WO2009072897A1 (en) 2007-12-03 2008-12-03 A liquefied gas tank with a central hub in the bottom structure

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MY149742A (en) 2013-10-14
EP2247888A1 (en) 2010-11-10
RU2478868C2 (en) 2013-04-10
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CN101932867A (en) 2010-12-29
NO20076213L (en) 2009-06-04
JP5232242B2 (en) 2013-07-10
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KR20100102139A (en) 2010-09-20
ATE526536T1 (en) 2011-10-15

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