CN1019315B - 从含有戊聚糖的小麦和其它谷类淀粉生产葡萄糖浆的方法 - Google Patents
从含有戊聚糖的小麦和其它谷类淀粉生产葡萄糖浆的方法Info
- Publication number
- CN1019315B CN1019315B CN86108125A CN86108125A CN1019315B CN 1019315 B CN1019315 B CN 1019315B CN 86108125 A CN86108125 A CN 86108125A CN 86108125 A CN86108125 A CN 86108125A CN 1019315 B CN1019315 B CN 1019315B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- zytase
- enzyme
- wheat
- spore
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 36
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 36
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical group C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 108010073178 Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 35
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 108010001817 Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960003487 xylose Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 101710130006 Beta-glucanase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N alpha-D-xylose Chemical group O[C@@H]1CO[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-QMKXCQHVSA-N alpha-L-arabinopyranose Chemical group O[C@H]1CO[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-QMKXCQHVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010029675 Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010001682 Dextranase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004533 Endonucleases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010042407 Endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000024675 Eruca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014755 Eruca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YERABYSOHUZTPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-P endo-1,4-beta-Xylanase Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[N+](CC)(CC)CCCNC(C(C=1)=O)=CC(=O)C=1NCCC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YERABYSOHUZTPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013101 initial test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000196 viscometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 xylan glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/30—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols, e.g. xylitol; containing starch hydrolysates, e.g. dextrin
- A23L29/35—Degradation products of starch, e.g. hydrolysates, dextrins; Enzymatically modified starches
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/04—Extraction or purification
- C08B30/042—Extraction or purification from cereals or grains
- C08B30/046—Extraction or purification from cereals or grains from wheat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/06—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/104—Fermentation of farinaceous cereal or cereal material; Addition of enzymes or microorganisms
- A23L7/107—Addition or treatment with enzymes not combined with fermentation with microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/20—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of an exo-1,4 alpha-glucosidase, e.g. dextrose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
- C13K1/06—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of starch or raw materials containing starch
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/60—Sugars, e.g. mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-saccharides
- A23V2250/61—Glucose, Dextrose
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/8215—Microorganisms
- Y10S435/911—Microorganisms using fungi
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
Abstract
通过用侧孢属处理改善从不纯小麦或其它谷类淀粉中获得的葡萄糖浆的滤过率。通过在分离淀粉前加入木聚糖也可改善淀粉与不纯谷类淀粉的其它成分的分离。
Description
本发明涉及从含有戊聚糖的未纯化的小麦和其它谷类淀粉中制备葡萄糖浆和使这样的淀粉与其它谷类成分，例如谷朊分离。
纤维素和淀粉是碳水化合物最丰富的来源。因为淀粉比纤维素进入人的消化系统要容易得多，所以作为食料它有悠久的历史。它也是一种重要的工业原料。
原则上在酸的催化作用下可使淀粉解聚，但这个途径导致极不完全的解聚和相当大量的副产物的形成。因此淀粉的酸解一直受到日益的关注。
已知天然淀粉含有两种类型由葡萄糖单位组成的大分子。一种类型的分子称为直链淀粉，是线性的并仅由α，1-4连接的葡萄糖单位组成。淀粉含25%的直链淀粉。第二种类型的分子，支链淀粉，是多分支的并含有α，1-4及α，1-6连接的葡萄糖单位。α，1-6键的总含量一般小于5%。
在现代工业淀粉降解中，两种类型的酶都用。α-淀粉酶用于使淀粉液化（或稀化）为平均聚合度约为7-10的糊精，而淀粉葡萄糖苷酶用于最后的糖化作用，结果形成一种高葡萄糖含量（92-96%）的糖浆。
象小麦和大麦这样的谷类含有增加谷类水提取物的粘度和降低谷
类水提取物滤过率的树胶，谷类水提物包含用上述方式制成的葡萄糖浆和精制淀粉本身。这样的树胶主要由谷朊组成，但也含有一些戊聚糖。戊聚糖的结构比通常所显示的具有1，4-β-D-吡喃木糖和单1，2-或1，3-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖侧基的长链（阿拉伯糖单位与木糖单位之比为1∶2）的结构更复杂;见附图1，取自于H.Neukom，L.Providoli，H.Gremli and P.A.Jui，Cereal Chem.，44，238（1967）。
戊聚糖的性质随着肽，阿魏酸和阿拉伯半乳聚糖存在与否而变化。由于戊聚糖的高分子量和一些与蛋白和其它成分的相互连锁，总戊聚糖的约2/3是不溶性的。它们有极高的保水力并产生非常大的废滤饼。当可溶性戊聚糖的阿拉伯呋喃糖侧基被水解时，可观察到非取代木聚糖的缔合和沉淀作用。
各种各类的平均戊聚糖含量如下（见“Handbuch der Lebensmittelchemie”，Vol.5，P.32，1967，Springer Verlag）：
谷粒 戊聚糖（%干重）
大麦（包括壳） 10.3
小麦 7.4
黑麦 10.6
燕麦（包括壳） 7.5
玉米 6.2
大米 2.0
小米 2.0
为了改进从未纯化的小麦淀粉中得到的葡萄糖浆的滤过率，已做
了用木聚糖酶处理糖浆的尝试。木聚糖酶是一种可水解存在于戊聚糖中的木聚糖的酶。
在Starch 36，135（1984）中，描述的一种真菌起源的β-葡萄糖酶，这种酶具有戊聚糖活性。建议用这种酶处理来自小麦淀粉工业的废水。
英国专利2，150，933号说明书描述了一种通过爱默生青霉的发酵所得到的戊聚糖酶。据说这种酶能够催化木聚糖的降解并且尤其可用于降低淀粉浆的粘度而增进淀粉的回收率。
根据本发明，用下列方法从含有戊聚糖的不纯谷类淀粉中生产具有改进的滤过率和/或较低粘度的葡萄糖浆，该方法包括使上述不纯淀粉受到侧孢属木聚糖酶的作用使戊聚糖水解并受到水解作用使淀粉转化为葡萄糖。
因此从未纯化的小麦淀粉中制备葡萄糖浆可通过用除含α-淀粉酶和/或淀粉葡萄糖苷酶以外也含有侧孢属木聚糖酶的酶混合物水解淀粉得到改进。
也可用木聚糖酶从得自含有戊聚糖的谷类的小麦或其它面粉中回收淀粉，在小麦的湿磨法中，机械地使谷蛋白与其它成分（淀粉浆）分离。淀粉浆分成一个密集的纯化淀粉下层和上层的粘液物。这种含有小淀粉粒，半纤维素和蛋白的粘液部分被称为隔离胶，渣滓或淤渣。半纤维素部分含有木糖（大约60%），阿拉伯糖（大约38%）和葡萄糖（大约2%）。
通过使小麦淀粉浆经过一个连续离心机，生产者可分离较纯的浓缩物或“A”淀粉流，而小谷粒及溶胀的破损谷粒和戊聚糖复合体形成不纯的或“B”淀粉流。在经过连续离心机之前先用侧孢属木聚糖酶预处理小麦淀粉浆，然后通过戊聚糖的水解和渣滓粘度的降低提高“A”
优质淀粉的产率。
用于本发明的木聚糖酶是一种从担子菌纲侧孢属，特别是两型孢侧孢中所获得的木聚糖内切酶，在“真菌学研究”（Studies in Mycology），24，1（1984）中，J.A.Stalpers在“侧孢属的修饰”一文中描述了这种酶。
最好使用从两型孢侧孢取得的木聚糖酶制剂。当使用来自于两型孢侧孢菌株ATCC 24562的木聚糖酶制剂时，可获得非常满意的结果，这种菌株可从美国典型培养物保藏中心获得，它和CBS 484.76菌株是一样的，CBS 484.76菌株可从荷兰，Baarn，霉菌培养物中心获得。这些菌株最适于本发明的目的。
可用于本发明的其它木聚糖酶制剂是具有与能从两型孢侧孢菌株ATCC 24562（或CBS 484.76）中获得的木聚糖酶基本相同特性的酶。包括从含有由上述侧孢属菌株ATCC 24562（或CBS 484.76）产生的木聚糖酶的基因编码的转化宿主微生物中获得的制剂。
通过在含有纤维素，果胶酵母提取物和各种盐的培养基上培养，两型孢侧孢产生一种木聚糖内切酶。木聚糖内切酶可水解戊聚糖链中的1，4-β-木糖键。从技术上看，一般内切型酶更好，因为它可非常迅速地水解高分子量多糖。外切型酶为了达到同样的技术结果需要较长的时间和较高的酶浓度。
在我们同一天提交的基于1985年11月3日的欧洲专利申请85202016.3号的相关的未决专利申请中，揭示了一种测定木聚糖内切酶活性的方法。在此通过参考合并为本申请。
适用于本发明的侧孢属木聚糖酶的浓缩物可用下列方式获得。用已知的方法在一个无菌罐和培养基中进行发酵。培养基含有纤维素，果
胶，酵母提取物和适量的盐。用两型孢侧孢的纯培养物接种。在20℃～37℃，最好是约32℃的恒温下实现发酵作用，PH保持在3.0～6.0范围内，最好是4.0～4.5。可分批或连续发酵。在此过程中伴随着木聚糖酶活性。没有必需通过加入含木聚糖的物质（例如玉米棒或面粉）诱导酶的产生，并且这种产物的增加主要促进木聚糖外切酶的形成，木聚糖外切酶不太适用于本发明。当达到所需的酶活性时，收集麦芽浆，过滤并通过真空浓缩或超滤浓缩。浓缩物可以液体制剂或喷物干燥的粉末形式出售。木聚糖内切酶可水解戊聚糖内的1，4-β-木糖键。
用一种含有±1%木聚糖的底物用粘度测定法研究了未纯化酶产物的性质（见附图2和3）。最适pH为4.7，但在pH3.0～6.0之间相对活性在50%以上。最适温度为55℃，但在65℃相对活性仍为50%以上。Comtat等人研究了这种侧孢属木聚糖酶的纯化（见J.Comtat，K.Ruel，J.-P.Joseleau and F.Barnoud，纤维素酶解专题论文集，S.I.T.R.A.，Helsinki，Finland，351（1975）;J.Comtat and J.-P.Joseleau，Carbohydr.Res.，95，101（1981））。
在研究具有内切和外切木聚糖酶活性的酶对由未纯化小麦淀粉制成的葡萄糖浆滤过率的影响时，发现Sumizym AC（来自Shin Nihon的黑曲霉纤维素酶），Drum果胶酶（来自Gist-brocades的黑曲霉drum果胶酶）和侧孢属木聚糖酶活性都很强。用Sumizym AC获得的结果多取决于酶的浓度，而用侧孢属木聚糖酶获得的结果则不然。看来Sumizym AC仅由于其外切酶活性而有效，侧孢属仅由于其内切酶活性而有效。
显然在低浓度下获得侧孢属木聚糖酶的总效力。Drum果胶酶和
Sumizym AC具有大致相同的效力，但Drum果胶酶引起较多的葡萄糖转化。
侧孢属木聚糖内切酶和爱默生青霉木聚糖内切酶可通过增加同样量的来自黑曲霉产物的木聚糖外切酶活性进行比较。爱默生青霉木聚糖酶和木聚糖外切酶混合物的作用比侧孢属木聚糖酶和木聚糖外切酶混合物的作用小。
下列实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
B型小麦淀粉的液化，糖化和
过滤的标准程序
用来自Roquette Freres，参考号为LAB833的B型小麦淀粉作底物，它含有约1.2-1.5%的蛋白质和3-4%的戊聚糖。
A、液化过程
按照下列方法在一个液化试验设备中用含有30%D.S.的井水（160ppm Ca++）使小麦淀粉液化：
在105-106℃下6分钟
在95℃下2小时
我们使用了每克D.S含6单位的Maxamyl，一种来自Gist-Brocades的地衣芽孢杆菌α-淀粉酶。用NaOH将pH校正到6.4。在较高的D.S.下是不可能液化的，因为浆液很粘。
B、糖化过程
将液化淀粉的pH校正到4.2。用25000AGI/KgD.S的Amigase GM（一种来自Gist-Brocades的黑曲霉淀粉葡萄糖苷酶）进行最
初的试验。为了避免淀粉退减作用对过滤试验的干扰选择了这种额外用量。用17500AGI/kg D.S.的常量实现了最终试验。
在糖化开始时将过滤酶和Amigase一起加入。
在60℃下3天以后测试滤过率。
C、过滤试验和分析
使用一种通过水循环维持在60℃，配备有滤布，Dicalite 4258 Sz（Kieselguhr）的Seitz实验室过滤器。在30%D.S下将15g Dicalite 4258 S2分散到150ml葡萄糖浆中形成预涂滤层。在1巴大气压下过滤糖化淀粉并测定每单位时间滤液的体积，从下式可得到滤过率：
15分钟后的滤液体积-1分钟后滤液体积＝每分钟滤液的体积
14
过滤后，在20℃用毛细管粘度计测定粘度并且HPLC分析可用于糖的测定。
实施例2
加入侧孢属木聚糖酶
改进液化小麦淀粉的过滤
通过用于玉米淀粉浆的传统方法使含有2-3%戊聚糖的B型小麦淀粉液化，包括具有α-淀粉酶的固体淀粉的1°液化和生成的具有淀粉葡萄糖苷酶的液化淀粉的2°糖化。这样产生一种高葡萄糖含量的浆液。在糖化阶段除淀粉葡萄糖苷酶之外还引入侧孢属木聚糖酶。
在60℃和4.2-4.5的pH下培育3天之后，在标准条件下进行过滤试验。在图4中所给出的结果表明侧孢属木聚糖酶可降低糖浆粘度，从而改进滤过率。
实施例3
侧孢属木聚糖酶和Sumizym AC
对液化B型小麦淀粉过滤的活性
按实施例1的条件，用25000AGI/kg D.S.
酶 %D.S.的用量 每分钟滤液体积
空白（只有AG） - 7.8ml
侧孢属木聚糖酶
稀释到500u/g 0.05 15.6ml
稀释到500u/g 0.1 15.2ml
稀释到500u/g 0.2 16.3ml
Sumizym AC 0.005 15.3ml
Sumizym AC 0.01 18.3ml
Sumizym AC 0.02 21.8ml
Sumizym AC 0.05 24.5ml
用Sumizym AC所获得的结果大大取决于酶的浓度，
但用侧孢属木聚糖苷酶所获得的结果则不然。
实施例4
侧孢属木聚糖酶+Sumizym或Drum
果胶酶混合物对液化B型
小麦淀粉的活性
按实施例1的条件，用25000AGI/kg D.S.
第一种酶 D.S.用量% 第二种酶 D.S.用量% 每分钟滤液体积
空白 - - - 7.5ml
稀释到
500u/g
的侧孢属
木聚糖酶 0.005 - - 12.9ml
0.01 - - 14.0ml
0.02 - - 14.8ml
0.05 - - 15.5ml
0.05 Sumizym AC 0.005 18.5ml
″ 0.01 21.0ml
″ 0.02 20.8ml
″ Drum果胶酶 0.005 17.8ml
″ 0.01 20.5ml
″ 0.02 21.4ml
在低浓度下可获得侧孢属木聚糖酶的总效力。与这种木聚糖内切酶一起使用时，来自Drum果胶酶和Symizym AC的木聚糖外切酶具有大致相同的效力，但Drum果胶酶可引起更多的葡萄糖转化。
实施例5
在液化B型小麦淀粉过滤时
侧孢属木聚糖酶+Sumizym AC
或Drum果胶酶混合物的
葡萄糖产量和活性
按实施例1的条件，用25000AGI/kg D.S.
第一种酶 D.S. 第二种酶 D.S. 每分钟滤 粘度 葡萄糖产量
用量% 用量% 液体积 （mpa/s） （%）
（ml）
空白 - - - 6.40 6.8 -
（用AG）
稀释到
500u/g
的侧孢属
木聚糖酶 0.01 - - 11.20 4.45 -
″ ″ Drum 0.005 14.80 3.71 91.49
果胶酶
″ ″ ″ 0.075 15.20 3.72 90.67
″ ″ ″ 0.01 16.4 3.71 90.40
″ ″ ″ 0.0125 16.8 3.69 90.02
″ ″ Sumi- 0.01 17.5 3.59 91.96
zym AC
这个试验进一步证实对Drum果胶酶的葡萄糖产量的高的转化作用。为了比较与Sumizym AG一起进行试验。
实施例6
同样增加木聚糖外切酶活性的
侧孢属木聚糖酶和爱默生青霉
β-葡聚糖酶的活性
第一种酶 D.S. 第二种酶 D.S. 每分钟滤 粘度 葡萄糖产量
用量% 用量% 液体积 （mpa/s） （%）
（ml）
空白 - - - 3.5 6.83 93.13
（用AG）
稀释到
500u/g
的侧孢属
木聚糖酶 0.01 - - 9.9 4.40 92.17
Drum 0.005 15.2 4.22 90.97
果胶酶
″ ″ Sumi- 0.0035 15.4 4.12 91.58
zym AC
爱默生
青霉β-
葡聚糖酶 0.02 - - 9.0 4.67 92.28
Drum
″ ″ 果胶酶 0.005 11.7 4.35 90.96
Sumi- 0.0035 11.8 4.22 91.74
″ ″ zym AC
这些试验表明与侧孢属木聚糖酶+木聚糖外切酶混合物比较爱默生青霉β-葡聚糖酶木聚糖内切酶+木聚糖外切酶混合物的较低的协同作用。
Claims (3)
1、由含有戊聚糖的不纯谷类淀粉生产具有改进的滤过率和/或较低的粘度的葡萄糖浆的方法，该方法包括使所述不纯的谷物淀粉受到两型孢侧孢木聚糖酶和α-淀粉酶和/或淀粉葡萄糖苷酶的作用使戊聚糖水解并且经水解作用使淀粉转化为葡萄糖。
2、按照权利要求1的方法，其中所述木聚糖酶得自于两型孢侧孢ATCC24562。
3、按照权利要求1或2的方法，其中木聚糖酶与黑曲霉木聚糖外切酶混合使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85202017 | 1985-12-03 | ||
| EP85202017 | 1985-12-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86108125A CN86108125A (zh) | 1987-08-12 |
| CN1019315B true CN1019315B (zh) | 1992-12-02 |
Family
ID=8194094
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108125A Expired CN1019315B (zh) | 1985-12-03 | 1986-12-03 | 从含有戊聚糖的小麦和其它谷类淀粉生产葡萄糖浆的方法 |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4746517A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0228732B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH074181B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR950000444B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1019315B (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE50599T1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA1272150A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE3669176D1 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK171881B1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2013994B3 (zh) |
| FI (1) | FI93859C (zh) |
| GR (1) | GR3000462T3 (zh) |
| IE (1) | IE59504B1 (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT83861B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5320960A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1994-06-14 | Genencor International, Inc. | Method of preparing solution enriched in xylanase using low molecular weight alcohol, organic salt and inorganic salt |
| US5472864A (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1995-12-05 | Genencor International, Inc. | Method of preparing solution enriched in EG III using low molecular weight alcohol, organic salt and inorganic salt |
| CA1280704C (en) * | 1985-12-03 | 1991-02-26 | Paul Ducroo | Production of beer |
| US4973581A (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1990-11-27 | Ajinomoto Company, Inc. | Glucan derivatives having tumoricidal activity |
| BE1002740A6 (nl) * | 1989-01-09 | 1991-05-21 | Amylum | Werkwijze voor het afscheiden van zetmeel uit een reststroom van de zetmeelbereiding en aldus verkregen zetmeel. |
| US5200215A (en) * | 1988-04-20 | 1993-04-06 | Nabisco, Inc. | Enzyme treated low moisture content comestible products |
| US5035902A (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1991-07-30 | Labatt Brewing Company Limited | Foam stabilizing proteinase |
| AT394730B (de) * | 1990-05-08 | 1992-06-10 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren zur herstellung exo- und endocellulasefreier xylanase |
| CH683843A5 (fr) * | 1992-03-10 | 1994-05-31 | Brasserie Du Cardinal Fribourg | Procédé de fabrication d'une bière sans alcool ayant les propriétés organoleptiques d'une bière blonde de type lager. |
| US5665585A (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 1997-09-09 | Alko-Yhiot Oy | Recombinant production of glucoamylase P in trichoderma |
| EP0941359A1 (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1999-09-15 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Use of carbohydrate-binding domain in starch processing |
| US6031155A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2000-02-29 | Cameron-Mills; Verena | Arabinoxylan degradation |
| EP1392815B1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2013-06-26 | Syngenta Participations AG. | Enzymes having alpha amylase activity and methods of use thereof |
| US20040115779A1 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2004-06-17 | Olsen Hans Sejr | Fermentation process |
| AU2004254640B2 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2010-08-26 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Glucanases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them |
| US20070148741A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2007-06-28 | Novozymes A/S | Mashing process |
| WO2005118769A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-15 | Novozymes A/S | Mashing process and enzyme composition useful therein |
| MX369001B (es) | 2006-08-04 | 2019-10-24 | Basf Enzymes Llc | Glucanasas, acidos nucleicos que las codifican, y metodos para hacerlas y usarlas. |
| DE102008060446A1 (de) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-10 | Krones Ag | Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Filtrierbarkeit von Bier |
| CN110511946A (zh) | 2012-03-30 | 2019-11-29 | 巴斯夫爱酶孜有限公司 | 编码纤维素酶的基因 |
| GB201308853D0 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2013-07-03 | Verenium Corp | Genes encoding xylanase |
| WO2019116182A1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-20 | Nestec S.A. | Process for sugar modulation |
| CN113136274A (zh) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-20 | 内蒙古燕谷坊全谷物产业发展有限责任公司 | 一种燕麦啤酒的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2011096A (en) * | 1933-05-20 | 1935-08-13 | Wallerstein Leo | Fermented beverage |
| US2821501A (en) * | 1953-12-08 | 1958-01-28 | Ca Nat Research Council | Recovery of starch |
| US3366483A (en) * | 1966-09-26 | 1968-01-30 | Baxter Laboratories Inc | Chillproofing fermented malt beverages with extracts of the growth products of mold microorganisms |
| GB1446203A (en) * | 1973-02-28 | 1976-08-18 | Novo Industri As | Preparation of an enzyme product |
| ZA823690B (en) * | 1981-06-11 | 1983-03-30 | Novo Industri As | Enzymatic treatment of wine and must |
| GB2150933B (en) * | 1983-11-28 | 1987-08-19 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Pentosan-degrading enzyme |
-
1986
- 1986-12-01 CA CA000524203A patent/CA1272150A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-01 FI FI864898A patent/FI93859C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-02 IE IE316186A patent/IE59504B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-02 US US06/936,806 patent/US4746517A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-02 DK DK578686A patent/DK171881B1/da active
- 1986-12-03 CN CN86108125A patent/CN1019315B/zh not_active Expired
- 1986-12-03 AT AT86202156T patent/ATE50599T1/de active
- 1986-12-03 JP JP61288610A patent/JPH074181B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-03 EP EP86202156A patent/EP0228732B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-03 PT PT83861A patent/PT83861B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-03 DE DE8686202156T patent/DE3669176D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-12-03 ES ES86202156T patent/ES2013994B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-03 KR KR1019860010326A patent/KR950000444B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-04-30 GR GR90400259T patent/GR3000462T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1272150C (en) | 1990-07-31 |
| ES2013994B3 (es) | 1990-06-16 |
| CA1272150A (en) | 1990-07-31 |
| JPH074181B2 (ja) | 1995-01-25 |
| CN86108125A (zh) | 1987-08-12 |
| FI864898A0 (fi) | 1986-12-01 |
| FI93859C (fi) | 1995-06-12 |
| ATE50599T1 (de) | 1990-03-15 |
| FI864898A (fi) | 1987-06-04 |
| KR870006076A (ko) | 1987-07-09 |
| IE59504B1 (en) | 1994-03-09 |
| DE3669176D1 (de) | 1990-04-05 |
| DK578686D0 (da) | 1986-12-02 |
| DK578686A (da) | 1987-06-04 |
| DK171881B1 (da) | 1997-07-28 |
| GR3000462T3 (en) | 1991-06-28 |
| US4746517A (en) | 1988-05-24 |
| EP0228732A1 (en) | 1987-07-15 |
| PT83861A (en) | 1987-01-01 |
| JPS62259554A (ja) | 1987-11-11 |
| KR950000444B1 (ko) | 1995-01-20 |
| EP0228732B1 (en) | 1990-02-28 |
| IE863161L (en) | 1987-06-03 |
| FI93859B (fi) | 1995-02-28 |
| PT83861B (pt) | 1989-01-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1019315B (zh) | 从含有戊聚糖的小麦和其它谷类淀粉生产葡萄糖浆的方法 | |
| CN1020751C (zh) | 有关啤酒生产方法的改进 | |
| US20090117630A1 (en) | Fermentation product processes | |
| CN1466595A (zh) | 谷物分离方法和其产品 | |
| EP2281898A1 (en) | High protein distiller's dried grain and production thereof | |
| WO2006119386A2 (en) | Methods and systems for producing ethanol using raw starch and fractionation | |
| CN101049133A (zh) | 小麦b淀粉多酶法制取发酵用含氮糖浆的方法 | |
| CN108130354A (zh) | 一种超声、热处理辅助双酶法制备玉米肽的方法 | |
| CN1185336C (zh) | 里氏木霉菌株及其用途 | |
| EP2861752B1 (fr) | Procédé de production d'un cocktail enzymatique utilisant les résidus liquides d'un procédé de conversion biochimique de matériaux ligno-cellulosiques | |
| KR20160130220A (ko) | 바이오매스로부터 가용성 당의 생산 방법 | |
| CA2805605C (fr) | Procede de production d'enzymes cellulolytiques et/ou hemicellulolytiques ameliore | |
| RU2396007C1 (ru) | Способ комплексной переработки зернового сырья на спирт и кормовой продукт | |
| AU2012322594A1 (en) | Method for the continuous production of cellulases by a filamentous fungus using a carbon substrate obtained from an acid pretreatment | |
| IE911797A1 (en) | A process for the production of a baking-active pentosanase¹preparation | |
| US9416377B2 (en) | Cellulolytic enzyme enhancement of dry grind corn processing and ethanol production | |
| CN114621987B (zh) | 一种制备具有不同分子量分布特点的阿拉伯木聚糖方法 | |
| RU2410419C1 (ru) | Способ переработки крахмалсодержащего растительного сырья для приготовления компонентов ферментационных сред, используемых в микробиологической промышленности при культивировании микроорганизмов | |
| JP2003259892A (ja) | 澱粉貯蔵収穫物の直接液化法による糖液製造方法および該糖液を使用するアミノ酸の発酵生産方法 | |
| CN106967764A (zh) | 一种双酶法水解米糠淀粉制备发酵用葡萄糖浆的方法 | |
| RU2237718C1 (ru) | Способ производства спирта из отходов | |
| JP2004520830A (ja) | β−アミラーゼの抽出方法 | |
| CN117694551A (zh) | 一种麸皮膳食纤维的制备方法 | |
| WO2020228802A1 (zh) | 一种提高玉米湿磨工艺中喷浆玉米皮的产率的方法 | |
| CN117683824A (zh) | 一种生产乳酸的方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |