CN101924579A - Method for dynamically transmitting power line carrier wave information and processing module thereof - Google Patents
Method for dynamically transmitting power line carrier wave information and processing module thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for dynamically transmitting power line carrier wave information and a processing module thereof for realizing the high speed and real time transmission of information with high success rate and strong communication ability. The invention utilizes the technical scheme that an information data frame to be transmitted is compressed and split into a string of data packets, and the period for transmitting each data packet on the power line is less than the interference period of alternating current on the power line; and coding transmission is carried out on the data packets through the mode of repeated and multiple transmission. The decoding processing, such as error correction, unpacking, combination, and the like, is carried out on the data packet at the information receiving end in order to restore data. The invention is mainly used for low voltage power line communication, such as automatic meter reading, street lamp monitoring, environment (safety) monitoring, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment technology that a kind of power line carrier wave information transmits.
Background technology
It is the dreams in more than 20 year of scientific and technical personnel that power line carrier technology is checked meter, in recent years the various carrier schemes that occur on the market all can not reach arbitrarily requirement and the speed that (in real time promptly) check meter and are not suitable for timing meter reading on a large scale slowly, become interference source when its main cause is electrical network and destroyed information integrity, occurred copying and accepting less than phenomenon, what domestic power supply department used at present is to need just can copy back in several days the product of data.Be achieved if check meter in real time, the coverage rate of that domestic and international centralized automatic meter-reading will significantly improve, and incident is the significantly raising of dsm level.The information system management end of national grid can become district's this point from platform and move to this point of user side, and this will carry out the management of real time implementation to electricity consumption, can stop the loss of electric energy effectively, improve power utilization environment, play the effect of general energy saving.Also can drive simultaneously the software industry of energy information management.
It mainly is to depend on spread spectrum (Spread Spectrum) or be called arrowband spread spectrum (Narrowband Spread Spectrum) and frequency modulation FSK (Frequency Shift Keying transceiver) technology that ZAP develops into today.Arrowband spread spectrum and narrow-band FM technology are the development that power industry is engaged in technical staff's summary of experience for these years of carrier communication.
The arrowband spread spectrum is the technology of phase modulation theoretically, represents to have or not variation between 0 and 1 by the variation of phase place, and the wide channels capacity is big more more for bandwidth under the certain situation of signal to noise ratio, and why adopting the arrowband is the influence that becomes dry and disturb when being subjected to power line.
Narrow-band FM is to represent 0 and 1 number with different frequencies, and same, low signal-to-noise ratio has also influenced its efficiency of transmission on the power line, particularly can't transmit especially under white noise.Along with the electrical equipment that electromagnetic oven is such is popularized gradually, the electrical equipment of domestic electrical network does not have access system (what electrical equipment anyone inserts on power supply all right), the interference source of electrical network is more and more, frequency spectrum becomes increasingly complex, originally the power line that just was not good channels so will realize that carrier wave centralized automatic meter-reading difficulty is increasing, particularly, owing to make the uncertainty of electrical appliance, effective product will just differ in tomorrow and uses surely today.
The strongest from the interference of AC power on peak value of time domain 50Hz, be that every 10ms is an interference period (the 60Hz power supply is approximately 8.3ms), so, allowing information avoid disturbing by power line, to have only and press the length of transmitted breath the place in 10ms, also is that transmission speed must improve (at a high speed); Noise frequency is uncertain from the frequency domain power line, for fear of co-channel interference, if the transmission of Information frequency can be done suitable variation, just can avoid co-channel interference effectively; Transmission of Information is subjected to the influence of capacitive, inductive load very big in the power line, and its load of signal frequency high more (more than the 70KHz) is big more to the decay of signal, often is index variation.More special is when signal frequency when 60KHz is following, transmission but is linear (resistive) and changes on power line, i.e. transmission attenuation is only relevant with the resistive impedance of load, the distance transmitted of similarity condition can extend like this.Above characteristics on the power line are a pair of very big contradiction: the bottleneck that pass interference must diminish packet, and the laser propagation effect that will obtain must reduce signal frequency, the result that frequency descends is that packets of information is elongated, with present spread spectrum and frequency modulation technology, is difficult to solve this contradiction.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of power line carrier wave information dynamic transfer approach, this method can realize on low-voltage power line that the high-speed real-time of information transmits, and the success rate height, and communication capacity is strong.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the processing module that provides a kind of power line carrier wave information dynamically to transmit, this processing module can realize on low-voltage power line that the high-speed real-time of information transmits, and the success rate height, and communication capacity is strong.
In order to solve above-mentioned first technical problem, the present invention proposes the dynamic transfer approach of a kind of power line carrier wave information, comprise the information data frame compression that needs are transmitted and be grouped into a string packet, transmit the interference period of the cycle of each packet on the power line less than alternating current on the power line; The load mode of packet requires to meet following formula:
If S " be the packet summation amount that Frame transmits on power line, S is frame information data of the transmission that requires, then
I is the finite information sequence that Frame is split into,
J be each packet under different parameters, the number of times that repeats to send,
Si ' is the packet through packing, and Si ' is minimum information unit, and it comprises packet header, tagged word, data, check word, bag tail,
And S " and S between satisfy:
S=∮ (S "), wherein function ∮ is error correction, unpacks and anabolic process, makes up according to the order of sequence after each packet is untied and just obtains information S, S meets following formula:
Each Si is through the data that split, and each Si becomes Si ' after packing.
Preferably: the cycle of transmitting each packet on the described power line is greater than 0ms, and less than 10ms.When the power line alternating current was 50Hz, interference period was 10ms (half ac period).
Preferably: the cycle of transmitting each packet on the described power line is greater than 0ms, and less than 8.3ms.When the power line alternating current was 60Hz, interference period was about 8.3ms.
Preferably, described method comprises the Methods for Coding of described packet Si ', and the Methods for Coding of described packet Si ' comprises:
If n is the odd number greater than 1, represent bit with the length of n ripple, in n the ripple,
If the ripple of (n+1)/2 and above phase shift is arranged, judges that then this binary digit is 1; If not, judge that then this binary digit is 0; Perhaps
If the ripple of (n+1)/2 and above phase shift is arranged, judges that then this binary digit is 0; If not, judge that then this binary digit is 1.
Preferably, described method comprises the initial bit proofreading method of the coding of described packet Si ', and this initial bit proofreading method comprises:
At the additional all the time jayrator in the coding front of described packet Si ', whether declare mistake by the initial bit of this jayrator judgment data bag; Perhaps
Reflect out 8 and above serial data, the packet header of this serial data and packet Si ' is synchronous.
In order to solve second technical problem of the present invention, the present invention proposes the processing module that a kind of power line carrier wave information dynamically transmits, and this processing module comprises the CPU of handling carrier information and the memory cell that is connected with CPU, amplifying unit, filter unit and phase place discriminating unit; Wherein, CPU is converted to carrier signal with data, exports from amplifying unit; The irrelevant frequency spectrum that transmits on the circuit is passed to CPU after filtering via filter unit; CPU will need the information of Code And Decode to send the phase place discriminating unit to, the phase place discriminating unit with the information decoding of receiving after or the information that needs send carried out passing to CPU after the redundancy encoding.
Preferably: described processing module also comprises the Line Attenuation test cell that is connected with described CPU, and the Line Attenuation test cell is used to obtain Carrier apart from the circuit distance of transmitting terminal and the attenuation degree information of signal.
Preferably: described filter unit is one or more digital filter.
Preferably: described memory cell comprises: RAM and, any storage medium among two kinds of EEPROM or the FLASH.
Preferably: described processing module also comprises the carrier information buffer cell that signal and noise tolerance limit are provided to described CPU.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has realized real time communication by unique coding method and phase modulation dynamic modulation principle on power line, and its antijamming capability is strong, passes far, and the success rate height that transmits, and communication capacity is strong.The processing module that power line carrier wave information of the present invention dynamically transmits realizes the high speed information real-time Transmission on low-voltage power line, can realize checking meter in real time, function and usage such as pre-payment, monitoring, automatic network-building, automatic frequency conversion.The modular circuit of being made by the present invention is mainly used in low-voltage power line communication, as central three meter transcribing, streetlight monitoring, environment (safety) monitoring etc.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the dynamically structural relation figure of the processing module of transmission of power line carrier wave information of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the present of invention, is illustrated as the phase shift oscillogram of this embodiment.
Embodiment
The invention provides the dynamic transfer approach of a kind of power line carrier wave information.
Present technique is that will realize passing far (characteristics of low-frequency), multifrequency point (anti-co-channel interference), data high compression are smashed information (simplified structure, for the 50Hz alternating current, make packet send Cycle Length much smaller than 10ms), the core technology thought of DCP technology that Here it is.With 50Hz low-voltage AC situation is example, and details are as follows by following for example for the inventive method:
If S is a frame information of the transmission that requires,
I=1,2 ... i＜30 are resolved into finite information sequence S1 to S, S2 ... it is that information unit minimum in the present case abbreviates ' bag ' as that each Si becomes Si ' through packing, and it is the information through high compression, and it comprises packet header, tagged word, data, check word, bag tail.Packet header is the unified sign of this sequence, the sequence number i of tagged word sign bag, frequency, output signal strength etc., data are information Si, its seat in S is represented by sequence number i, check word is the check code of this bag, when certain byte in the bag is made mistakes and can be corrected with check code in transmitting.After each bag untied according to the order of sequence combination just obtain information S.The benefit that splits transmission like this is that the big number of a frame has been become some small separate units, as slight of stature can pass iron bar (iron bar is equivalent to the interference period of 10ms), fat only wearing has only parcel just can pass in strongly disturbing time domain.Because this bag is a separate unit, so can adopt different frequencies, so also helps passing in the slit of frequency domain.Therefore, the transmission to a frame information just develops into:
I=1,2 ..., i＜32S=∮ (S ') function ∮ is error correction, unpacks and anabolic process.
But this structure when certain packet loss, has just been destroyed integrality, still can not the restoring data frame, and the way of solution is to increase redundancy, like this, frame data just develop into:
The meaning that top formula shows is that not homotactic bag is repeated j time, as long as 1 energy is arranged by just realizing the reorganization of receiving terminal S among the j.Above i, j are according to the transmission feature of circuit, can change at any time, promptly Bao data volume can change, the repeat number of bag can change, and j is not simple repetition, and data internally are repetitions, but its parameter, as transmission frequency, signal strength signal intensity etc. all are variable, its objective is that the complete sequence that makes information can be by the slit of time domain and frequency domain.
The Methods for Coding of packet Si ' comprises:
If n is the odd number greater than 1, represent bit with the length of n ripple, in n the ripple,
If the ripple of (n+1)/2 and above phase shift is arranged, judges that then this binary digit is 1; If not, judge that then this binary digit is 0; If the ripple of (n+1)/2 and above phase shift is perhaps arranged, judges that then this binary digit is 0; If not, judge that then this binary digit is 1.
As the oscillogram of Fig. 2, show high spped coding and decoding.This is an example, and as Fig. 2, n=3 has phase shift then judges that binary digit is 1 if get two ripples, if two ripples that take out do not have phase shift then this position is 0.
As Fig. 2, with the unipolarity modulation, this example is modulated with positive polarity, and each data bit meets 1, then first positive half cycle phase shift 180 is spent.Transferred 4 bit binary data (1110) and modulated carrier corresponding relation to specify as follows with the carrier wave in 3 cycles and first group:
The first bit data position is 1, if modulated carrier is in upper half, i.e. and phase shift 180 degree, this is positive half cycle when finishing; Second data bit also is 1, and carrier wave begins to be in negative half period, must wait until next upper half phase shift 180 degree again, and this is a negative half period when finishing; The 3rd data bit is 1, begins to be in positive half cycle, so directly phase shift 180 is spent, is that positive half cycle finishes at last; The 4th data bit is 0, phase invariant, and this is positive half cycle when finishing.
The same reason can be judged 3 remaining row, can see intuitively that (having moved phase) of waveform broadening arranged is ' 1 ' on scheming, and what do not have broadening is ' 0 '.It more than is the modulation of positive polarity.Also can negative polarity modulation be the negative half period time scale, in addition also can phase place identical be ' 1 ', phase place is not both ' 0 '.
Owing to be the unipolarity phase shift, the time of phase shift not necessarily occurs in the upper half or the lower half of first modulated carrier, so the phase shift time of origin is relevant with previous carrier phase, is dynamic change.
The initial bit proofreading method of the coding of packet Si ', this initial bit proofreading method comprises: at the additional all the time jayrator in the coding front of packet Si ', whether declare mistake by the initial bit of this jayrator judgment data bag; Perhaps reflect out 8 and above serial data, the packet header of this serial data and packet Si ' is synchronous.
According to above principle, the demodulation of data is processes opposite with modulation.
The technology of the present invention can be implemented by the module of following structure, as shown in Figure 1:
This processing module comprises the CPU of handling carrier information and the memory cell that is connected with CPU, amplifying unit, filter unit, phase place discriminating unit and Line Attenuation test cell.
CPU is a central processor unit, and it realizes the processing of coding, decoding, error correction and all incidents of information.EEPROM and RAM are as memory cell, and wherein EEPROM is used for preserving data, and RAM is used for preserving ephemeral data.The phase place discriminating unit is used for differentiating the phase place of three-phase electricity and the phase place of digital waveform.Thereby the Line Attenuation test cell is used for the actual gain judge module of metering signal from the power apart from distance or signal and noise of primary module, with the rank of relaying in the decision network.Filter unit is digital multi-channel filter, and the digital filtering that it comprises more than three tunnel filters clutter reduction useful signal, and the signal of different frequent points can be obtained by CPU by the channel of one of them.Amplifying unit is an amplifier, and it is that the power of output signal is amplified to meet the requirement of transmission.Serial communication interface between this module and the last carrier omits in the drawings.
Carrier signal is imported from digital multi-channel filter, through three frequency digital filterings, if on certain passage, obtain one group of useful data, CPU just can separate out and give subordinate processors, if having information to go up, subordinate processors sends out, CPU is converted to carrier signal to data, exports from amplifier; Another effect of Line Attenuation test circuit and phase identification of circuit is the tolerance limit that signal and noise are provided to CPU, and they are simultaneously as carrier information buffer cell function.
Other characteristics of the IC of integrated processing module of the present invention are can form carrier channel with few peripheral components, are equipped with Switching Power Supply to obtain maximum dynamic fan-out capability.
Low-voltage powerline carrier communication is to require to realize instant messaging in each electric appliances interference and under the serious power grid environment.The present invention adopts the coding of innovation and phase modulation dynamic modulation principle (DCP) to be implemented in digital communication on the power line.For the digital information of reflecting out and being sent on interference spectrum, the IC that is integrated with module of the present invention has increased by 3 way character filters, filters irrelevant frequency spectrum; Being integrated with phase place discriminating unit (circuit) uses the distinctive coding of present technique to solve signal; IC has increased the redundancy of a lot of information when the information of transmission, be convenient to recovery information; This IC is also built-in Line Attenuation test circuit is convenient to obtain Carrier from the circuit distance of transmitting terminal and the attenuation degree of signal, for automatic network-building provides relevant data.More high by the technology that facts have proved integrated IC of the present invention than existing like product technical performance.
The technical indicator of integrated IC of the present invention is with reference to as follows:
1, power consumption: static 5V/＜18mA; Static 12V/＜1mA, emission state 50mA-1500mA (electric current changes with load impedance during data transmission);
2, transmitting-receiving reference carrier frequency: 30-300KHZ generally selects 3 frequencies;
3, receiving sensitivity: greater than 45dB μ V;
4, carrier wave output level: 122dB μ V～134dB μ V;
Communication modes: the half-duplex operation mode of main-slave structure;
5, data communication interface mode: from module: mode is the Transistor-Transistor Logic level Asynchronous Serial Interface in the table, off-balancesheet mode (band multilist) RS-485.Primary module is RS-232C or RS-485 bus interface modes (concentrator uses, convenient with have miscellaneous equipment such as three-phase multifunctional ammeter, the GPRS of RS-485 interface and connect);
6, interface communication baud rate: 1200-19200bps, baud rate self-adapting;
7, communication protocol: inner automatic network-building, route, automatic relay, transparent data transmission automatically, data buffering＜200;
8, communication distance: by the decision of relaying progression, module can be provided with maximum 13 grades of relayings, by primary module control automatic relay, so need not the trunking application that the user works out terminal equipment;
9, data transmission credibility: reach DT/T 698-1999 standard;
10,2 byte HEX of module's address number, high address preceding (represent with An1An0 in the example below, n=1,2 ...);
11, climatic environment condition: temperature is-30 ℃～+ 55 ℃, relative humidity≤95%.
Being compared as follows shown in the table of product of the present invention and similar products at home and abroad:
More than the reference source of data is estimated from the description of product and the user of the widest external family of domestic use, domestic 2 companies in the table.
Claims (10)
1. the dynamic transfer approach of power line carrier wave information comprises the information data frame compression that needs are transmitted and is grouped into a string packet, transmits the interference period of the cycle of each packet less than alternating current on the power line on the power line; The load mode of packet requires to meet following formula:
If S " be the packet summation amount that Frame transmits on power line, S is frame information data of the transmission that requires, then
I is the finite information sequence that Frame is split into,
J be each packet under different parameters, the number of times that repeats to send,
Si ' is the packet through packing, and Si ' is minimum information unit, and it comprises packet header, tagged word, data, check word, bag tail,
And S " and S between satisfy:
S=∮ (S "), wherein function ∮ is error correction, unpacks and anabolic process, makes up according to the order of sequence after each packet is untied and just obtains information S, S meets following formula:
Each Si is through the data that split, and each Si becomes Si ' after packing.
2. the dynamic transfer approach of power line carrier wave information according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cycle of transmitting each packet on the described power line is greater than 0ms, and less than 10ms.
3. the dynamic transfer approach of power line carrier wave information according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cycle of transmitting each packet on the described power line is greater than 0ms, and less than 8.3ms.
4. the dynamic transfer approach of power line carrier wave information according to claim 1 is characterized in that described method comprises the Methods for Coding of described packet Si ', and the Methods for Coding of described packet Si ' comprises:
If n is the odd number greater than 1, represent bit with the length of n ripple, in n the ripple,
If the ripple of (n+1)/2 and above phase shift is arranged, judges that then this binary digit is 1; If not, judge that then this binary digit is 0; Perhaps
If the ripple of (n+1)/2 and above phase shift is arranged, judges that then this binary digit is 0; If not, judge that then this binary digit is 1.
5. according to the dynamic transfer approach of each described power line carrier wave information of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described method comprises the initial bit proofreading method of the coding of described packet Si ', this initial bit proofreading method comprises:
At the additional all the time jayrator in the coding front of described packet Si ', whether declare mistake by the initial bit of this jayrator judgment data bag; Perhaps
Reflect out 8 and above serial data, the packet header of this serial data and packet Si ' is synchronous.
6. the processing module that power line carrier wave information dynamically transmits is characterized in that comprising the CPU of handling carrier information and the memory cell that all is connected with CPU, amplifying unit, filter unit and phase place discriminating unit; Wherein, CPU is converted to carrier signal with data, exports from amplifying unit; The irrelevant frequency spectrum that transmits on the circuit is passed to CPU after filtering via filter unit; CPU will need the information of Code And Decode to send the phase place discriminating unit to, the phase place discriminating unit with the information decoding of receiving after or the information that needs send carried out passing to CPU after the redundancy encoding.
7. the processing module that power line carrier wave information according to claim 4 dynamically transmits, it is characterized in that: described processing module also comprises the Line Attenuation test cell that is connected with described CPU, and the Line Attenuation test cell is used to obtain Carrier apart from the circuit correlation distance of transmitting terminal and the attenuation degree information of signal.
8. the processing module that power line carrier wave information according to claim 4 dynamically transmits is characterized in that: one or more digital filter of described filter unit.
9. the processing module that power line carrier wave information according to claim 4 dynamically transmits is characterized in that described memory cell comprises: RAM and, any storage medium among two kinds of EEPROM or the FLASH.
10. the processing module that power line carrier wave information according to claim 4 dynamically transmits, it is characterized in that: described processing module also comprises the carrier information buffer cell that signal and noise tolerance limit are provided to described CPU.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102420919A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-04-18 | 成都航天通信设备有限责任公司 | Communication system, communication method and control method of signals during wireless transmission |
| CN102682503A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-19 | 欧姆龙汽车电子株式会社 | Transmitting device and transmitting method |
| CN108964715A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | The method for reducing power line carrier communication radiation interference |
| CN113346979A (en) * | 2021-06-20 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳弘星智联科技有限公司 | Method for improving carrier communication success rate by dynamically adjusting data frame length |
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| CN1526223A (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2004-09-01 | Transmission of multi-carrier waves on one electrical power supply line | |
| CN101010886A (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2007-08-01 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Transmission schedule constructing apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1526223A (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2004-09-01 | Transmission of multi-carrier waves on one electrical power supply line | |
| CN101010886A (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2007-08-01 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Transmission schedule constructing apparatus |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102682503A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-19 | 欧姆龙汽车电子株式会社 | Transmitting device and transmitting method |
| CN102682503B (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2015-03-04 | 欧姆龙汽车电子株式会社 | Transmitting device and transmitting method |
| CN102420919A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-04-18 | 成都航天通信设备有限责任公司 | Communication system, communication method and control method of signals during wireless transmission |
| CN108964715A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | The method for reducing power line carrier communication radiation interference |
| CN108964715B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2021-06-29 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Method for reducing power line carrier communication radiation interference |
| CN113346979A (en) * | 2021-06-20 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳弘星智联科技有限公司 | Method for improving carrier communication success rate by dynamically adjusting data frame length |
| CN113346979B (en) * | 2021-06-20 | 2023-11-28 | 深圳弘星智联科技有限公司 | Method for improving success rate of carrier communication by dynamically adjusting data frame length |
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