CN204886424U - System based on power frequency voltage distortion discernment low -voltage distribution family becomes relation - Google Patents
System based on power frequency voltage distortion discernment low -voltage distribution family becomes relation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a system based on power frequency voltage distortion discernment low -voltage distribution family becomes relation, including distribution transformer, low pressure distribution lines, user side, distribution transformer end modem equipment and user side modem equipment, user side modem equipment be connected to on user's the ammeter terminal or the terminal of ammeter incasement on, link to each other with distribution transformer low tension side generating line through low pressure distribution lines, distribution transformer end modem equipment lug connection is on distribution transformer low tension side generating line. The utility model discloses an improvement based on the TWACS technique. The utility model discloses the voltage distortion that utilizes the electric current modulation technique and produce the modulated current utilizes the non - distortion cycle number transfer message between the adjacent distortion voltage cycle through the automatic threshold values of chooseing in the various typical case's platform districts of match, provides effective, reliable means for power consumption management Department's realization files on each of customers foundation, verification etc..
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of system based on becoming relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family, belongs to power distribution automation field.
Background technology
In the operating management of low-voltage network, management of power use department often needs checking user archives, to guarantee that archives are accurate, for marketing management provides accurate management data, this is comprising files on each of customers ownership, network topology, subscriber equipment electricity consumption phase place and work phase sequence etc., these data ensure platform district electricity consumption load balance, the loss of reduction laod unbalance, and guarantee the basic data of platform district line loss correctness, is the basic factors realizing intelligent grid construction.
In the market for the product of such use, mainly based on ZAP and pulse-current technique.Wherein, ZAP is easy to be interfered, and communication success rate is relatively low, even can be coupled to adjacent distribution transformer.Although pulse-current technique does not have FSK(Frequency-shiftkeying) problem existing for technology, cannot realize information interaction, usually need using carrier wave as subsidiary communications means, site operative is poor.
TWACS(TwoWayAutomaticCommunicationSystem), bi-directional Glenn shunt technology, its general principle crosses null range at power-frequency voltage to add modulation signal, and utilize the voltage of this modulation or current waveform to carry out carry information, its system principle as shown in Figure 5.System arranges modem module at medium voltage side (transformer station) and low-pressure side (user side), and medium voltage side is furnished with modulation transformer.Information transmission utilizes the relative change of the voltage of adjacent periods or electric current and constantly to realize, and wherein information is the voltage waveform utilizing modulation by transformer station to user side transmission, and to be transmitted to transformer station by user side be utilize current waveform.TWACS technology, in the existing application of America & Canada, with adjacent voltage or current waveform as information carrier, antijamming capability is comparatively strong, thus improves the reliability of information transmission.But what the grounding system of the state such as the U.S., Canada adopted is heavy current grounding system, and China's employing is small current neutral grounding system, and add that the power grid environment of China is poor, serious interference, original TWACS technology is not too applicable in China.For the feature of China's electrical network, herein the modulation of TWACS technology, demodulation and information carrying mode are improved, give and a kind ofly realize based on based on power-frequency voltage distortion the method that low-voltage distribution family becomes relation recognition.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is: for above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, proposes a kind of system becoming relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family.Utilize current-modulation technology and the voltage distortion of modulated current generation is selected threshold value automatically by the various typical platform district of matching, realize the demodulation of signal, utilize non-distortion number of cycles transmission of information between the adjacent distorted voltage cycle, realize that files on each of customers foundation, verification etc. provide effectively, means reliably for management of power use department.The utility model is the improvement based on TWACS technology.
In order to reach above object, the utility model becomes the system of relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family, it is characterized in that: comprise distribution transformer, low-voltage distributing line, user side, distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment and user side modulation /demodulation equipment; On terminal on described user side modulation /demodulation equipment connection to the ammeter terminal of user or in ammeter box, be connected with distribution transformer low-pressure side bus by low-voltage distributing line, described distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment is connected directly between on distribution transformer low-pressure side bus.
Further, the leakage inductance of described distribution transformer secondary is L1, and the internal resistance of described distribution transformer secondary is R1.
Further, the inductance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is L2, and the internal resistance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is R2.
Further, the inductance of described distribution transformer modulation /demodulation equipment is L3, and the internal resistance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is R3.
Further, when described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is as modulating equipment, modulator loop comprises the inductance L 2 of user side modulation /demodulation equipment and internal resistance R2, low-voltage distributing line, the leakage inductance L1 of distribution transformer secondary and internal resistance R1, now, transformer terminal modulation /demodulation equipment is as demodulated equipment.
Further, when described distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment is as modulating equipment, modulator loop comprises the inductance L 3 of transformer terminal modulation /demodulation equipment and internal resistance R3, low-voltage bus bar, the leakage inductance L1 of distribution transformer secondary and internal resistance R1, now, user side modulation /demodulation equipment is as demodulated equipment.
The utility model, compared with original TWACS technology, has the following advantages: 1. in TWACS technology, and the transmission of signal is divided into downstream signal to transmit and uplink signal transmissions.During downstream signal transmission, the modulation of signal occurs in medium voltage side, and needs to be coupled on medium-voltage line by modulation transformer by modulation signal; During uplink signal transmissions, demodulation is also occur in medium voltage side.No matter the legend of downstream signal or upward signal, all will through distribution transformer, its decay cannot be avoided.If obtain enough signal strength signal intensities, the power of modulation circuit will be improved.And in the method, the modulation and demodulation of the signal provided are all occur in low-pressure side, and need by modulation transformer.Therefore, the circuit realiration of this method is more simple, and the modulation of signal, demodulation are all in low-pressure side, and fail safe, operability are higher, without the need to modulation transformer, have higher economic benefit.2. in TWACS technology, downstream signal is voltage signal, and upward signal is current signal, therefore the demodulator circuit signal that needs consideration two kinds different.And the signal transmission that this method provides, be all voltage signal; Single voltage signal makes Circnit Layout more simple, and software algorithm also more easily realizes.3., in TWACS technology, the transmission of information relies on the power-frequency voltage (or electric current) in two adjacent cycles to become to transmit 1 bit with constant.As first cyclic distortion, second period is normal, represents that this bit is for " 0 "; And one-period is normal, second period distorts, and represents that this bit is for " 1 ".The information transmission that this method provides is that the power-frequency voltage number of cycles do not distorted between the power-frequency voltage of dependence two cyclic distortions is transmitted.Compared with the information transmission of TWACS technology, when transmitting identical information, this method needs less signal madulation cycle in most cases.As transmitted 0x1F, TWACS technology needs the signal madulation in 5 cycles, and this method, then only need the signal madulation in 2 cycles.Reduce the number of times of signal madulation, the interference to power distribution network can be reduced to greatest extent, protection modulation circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
Fig. 1 is theory diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is equivalent schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is information exchange time diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is DB4 wavelet transformation simulation result schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is prior art TWACS system schematic.
Fig. 6 is workflow diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is A phase power-frequency voltage acquisition principle figure.
Fig. 8 be the utility model actual use time circuit connection diagram.
Embodiment
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model becomes the system of relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family, comprises distribution transformer, low-voltage distributing line, user side, distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment and user side modulation /demodulation equipment; On terminal on described user side modulation /demodulation equipment connection to the ammeter terminal of user or in ammeter box, be connected with distribution transformer low-pressure side bus by low-voltage distributing line, described distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment is connected directly between on distribution transformer low-pressure side bus.
The leakage inductance of distribution transformer secondary described in the utility model is L1, and the internal resistance of described distribution transformer secondary is R1.The inductance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is L2, and the internal resistance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is R2.The inductance of described distribution transformer modulation /demodulation equipment is L3, and the internal resistance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is R3.
When described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is as modulating equipment, modulator loop comprises the inductance L 2 of user side modulation /demodulation equipment and internal resistance R2, low-voltage distributing line, the leakage inductance L1 of distribution transformer secondary and internal resistance R1, now, transformer terminal modulation /demodulation equipment is as demodulated equipment.
When described distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment is as modulating equipment, modulator loop comprises the inductance L 3 of transformer terminal modulation /demodulation equipment and internal resistance R3, low-voltage bus bar, the leakage inductance L1 of distribution transformer secondary and internal resistance R1, now, user side modulation /demodulation equipment is as demodulated equipment.
As shown in Figure 6, the utility model becomes the method for relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family, comprises the steps:
Step one: signal madulation: after connecting distribution transformer, low-voltage circuit, user side and two modulation /demodulation equipment, start up system, user side triggers controllable silicon near the power-frequency voltage cycle 150 °, so just between low-pressure side phase line and zero line, produce a short circuit current i, its size is by L2, R2 and controlled silicon conducting Time dependent.Because distribution transformer secondary exists leakage inductance L1, the electric current of this sudden change will produce the voltage Δ u of a distortion, and its size is: Δ u=L1*di/dt, and wherein, di/dt is current changing rate; Silicon controlled conducting and shut-in time are controlled by MCU, after MCU detects power-frequency voltage positive going zeror crossing, start timer, export high level by an I/O mouth after 8333us and make controlled silicon conducting, after 500us, output low level closes controllable silicon, according to strength of modulating signal demand, can the suitably initial time of controlled silicon conducting and ON time.
Step 2: signal receiving: by high-speed A/D converter by power-frequency voltage signal discrete, utilizes the voltage signal near the DB4 small echo two-dimensional transform extraction power-frequency voltage cycle 150 °.Fig. 4 is the simulation result of MATLAB, and wherein s is power-frequency voltage initial data (comprising modulation period and non-modulation periodic voltage signal), and a2 is the low frequency details coefficients of DB4 wavelet transformation, and d1, d2 are the DB4 wavelet transformation first order and second level high frequency detail component.As seen from the figure, there is the d2 value of the power-frequency voltage signal of distortion near 150 ° very large, be easy to judge that power-frequency voltage signal has by dynamic threshold algorithm undistorted.Dynamic threshold is exactly after modulation /demodulation device power working stability, get the mean value (often organizing desirable 10 power frequency periods) of some groups of d2 maximum, then a coefficient (as 1.5,2.0 etc.) is multiplied by as basis for estimation, if the d2 value of a certain power frequency period is greater than this value, then think there is modulation signal, otherwise there is no modulation signal.The object adopting dynamic thresholding method evades the discrete clutter in basic power-frequency voltage signal, ensures reliability and the accuracy of signal receiving.
Step 3: information interaction: user profile is carried by the number in non-modulation cycle between two power-frequency voltage modulation periods, carries out the transmission of information.
Distribution transformer described in the utility model connects group and is generally Yyn or Dyn; Look from distribution transformer low-pressure side, the medium voltage side zero sequence impedance of Yyn connection is larger, the electric current that modulation circuit produces cannot form larger current in high-pressure side by the impact of zero sequence impedance, therefore modulation signal also just cannot pass to the low-pressure side of other transformers by medium voltage side, also just there is not the problem of distribution transformer low-pressure side crosstalk.For Dyn connection, middle pressure is surveyed does not exist zero line, and modulated current only flows in winding, also method can not be passed to the low-pressure side of other transformers by medium voltage side.
As shown in Figure 3, in step 3 described in the utility model, user will send information N, and so the 1st and N+1 periodic modulation, other cycles do not modulate; If desired carry multibyte information, can increase by an anti-phase, often increase by a byte information, just increase a modulation signal.
The modulation and demodulation of signal described in the utility model all occur in the low-pressure side of distribution transformer, and only have main frame and from machine coexists a station power distribution transformer, just can receive the modulation intelligence of the other side.Described signal madulation is current-modulation, demodulation be utilize current-modulation to produce voltage distortion signal as demodulation object.Described information interaction utilizes the number in non-distortion cycle between adjacent two power-frequency voltage cycles of distorting to carry user profile, its objective is the number of times reducing modulation and occur, reduce the interference to power distribution network to greatest extent, protection modulation circuit.
Fig. 8 is a simple 10kV distribution network structural topology figure, below in conjunction with Fig. 7, sets forth and how to become relation recognition based on realizing low-voltage distribution family based on power-frequency voltage distortion.
Have some station power distribution transformers (TB) in a certain 10kV distribution system, every station power distribution transformer has some outlets to be branched off into low-voltage distribution feeder pillar (FZH), and there are again some transmission line circuits in branch to electric supply meter case (DBX).Step below detects measurement equipment with 3# to identify the distribution transformer that electric supply meter case (DBXn) connects:
1, put a checkout equipment in each station power distribution transformer room, connect three phase mains, and configuration device number (corresponding distribution transformer number).
2, in electric supply meter case, put a checkout equipment, connect single phase poaer supply, checkout equipment now uncertain place separate.Checkout equipment herein needs configuration device number equally, and corresponding with electric supply meter case number (CN).
3,3# detects measurement equipment and sends modulation signal, and the voltage distortion signal that modulated current produces only has the 1# checkout equipment with it under same distributor point transformer to detect.
4,1# checkout equipment receives the separate of signal is exactly that 3# detects the separate of measurement equipment place, and this phase information and equipment of itself number are returned to 3# checkout equipment by 1# checkout equipment in the same way, detect complete.The information detected can show or long-distance Log server by 3# checkout equipment on the spot.
5, relevant information is uploaded to system main website by telecommunication channel by 3# checkout equipment, main website utilizes special-purpose software, the corresponding relation of subscriber's meter case, separate, distribution transformer can be gone out according to this information decomposition, also can draw out electric supply meter case, separate, distribution transformer open up benefit structure chart.Use the same method, that can determine a station power distribution transformer and all users opens up benefit relation, so Shi Yige community, a city, even whole electrical network.
6, management of power use department can utilize this distribution network topology diagram to carry out load management, balanced load, saving energy and decreasing loss, investigation fault etc., plays positive role to the operation of power distribution network, optimization, management.
7, based on the method for the system based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family change relation, can also be used for detecting two station power distribution transformers with or without also running phenomenon mutually.Distribution transformer also runs mutually, and this is certainly unallowed at power distribution network running, but in fact this phenomenon happens occasionally.And to become relation recognition method substantially identical the detection method run mutually and above-mentioned low-voltage distribution family, just two checkout equipments are placed in two detected station power distribution transformers respectively, all connect three phase mains, just there is this phase and run phenomenon mutually in the phase that can receive the other side's response message, otherwise does not exist and run mutually.
The utility model, compared with original TWACS technology, has the following advantages: 1. in TWACS technology, and the transmission of signal is divided into downstream signal to transmit and uplink signal transmissions.During downstream signal transmission, the modulation of signal occurs in medium voltage side, and needs to be coupled on medium-voltage line by modulation transformer by modulation signal; During uplink signal transmissions, demodulation is also occur in medium voltage side.No matter the legend of downstream signal or upward signal, all will through distribution transformer, its decay cannot be avoided.If obtain enough signal strength signal intensities, the power of modulation circuit will be improved.And in the method, the modulation and demodulation of the signal provided are all occur in low-pressure side, and need by modulation transformer.Therefore, the circuit realiration of this method is more simple, and the modulation of signal, demodulation are all in low-pressure side, and fail safe, operability are higher, without the need to modulation transformer, have higher economic benefit.2. in TWACS technology, downstream signal is voltage signal, and upward signal is current signal, therefore the demodulator circuit signal that needs consideration two kinds different.And the signal transmission that this method provides, be all voltage signal; Single voltage signal makes Circnit Layout more simple, and software algorithm also more easily realizes.3., in TWACS technology, the transmission of information relies on the power-frequency voltage (or electric current) in two adjacent cycles to become to transmit 1 bit with constant.As first cyclic distortion, second period is normal, represents that this bit is for " 0 "; And one-period is normal, second period distorts, and represents that this bit is for " 1 ".The information transmission that this method provides is that the power-frequency voltage number of cycles do not distorted between the power-frequency voltage of dependence two cyclic distortions is transmitted.Compared with the information transmission of TWACS technology, when transmitting identical information, this method needs less signal madulation cycle in most cases.As transmitted 0x1F, TWACS technology needs the signal madulation in 5 cycles, and this method, then only need the signal madulation in 2 cycles.Reduce the number of times of signal madulation, the interference to power distribution network can be reduced to greatest extent, protection modulation circuit.
In addition to the implementation, the utility model can also have other execution modes.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection range of the utility model requirement.
Claims (6)
1. become the system of relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family, it is characterized in that: comprise distribution transformer, low-voltage distributing line, user side, distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment and user side modulation /demodulation equipment; On terminal on described user side modulation /demodulation equipment connection to the ammeter terminal of user or in ammeter box, be connected with distribution transformer low-pressure side bus by low-voltage distributing line, described distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment is connected directly between on distribution transformer low-pressure side bus.
2. the system becoming relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the leakage inductance of described distribution transformer secondary is L1, the internal resistance of described distribution transformer secondary is R1.
3. the system becoming relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inductance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is L2, the internal resistance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is R2.
4. the system becoming relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inductance of described distribution transformer modulation /demodulation equipment is L3, the internal resistance of described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is R3.
5. the system becoming relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: when described user side modulation /demodulation equipment is as modulating equipment, modulator loop comprises the inductance L 2 of user side modulation /demodulation equipment and internal resistance R2, low-voltage distributing line, the leakage inductance L1 of distribution transformer secondary and internal resistance R1, now, transformer terminal modulation /demodulation equipment is as demodulated equipment.
6. the system becoming relation based on power-frequency voltage Distortion recognition low-voltage distribution family according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: when described distribution transformer end modulation /demodulation equipment is as modulating equipment, modulator loop comprises the inductance L 3 of transformer terminal modulation /demodulation equipment and internal resistance R3, low-voltage bus bar, the leakage inductance L1 of distribution transformer secondary and internal resistance R1, now, user side modulation /demodulation equipment is as demodulated equipment.
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