Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is: the problem for above-mentioned existence provides a kind of the automatic Recognition test instrument in district, when prolonging communication distance, can accurately identify the affiliated platform district of user.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: the automatic Recognition test instrument in platform district, it is characterized in that: it comprises the main control end that is positioned at the transformer low voltage output terminal, and several service ends that are positioned at the line of electric force user side, main control end is connected the coupling that is connected to realize carrier signal with line of electric force by coupled circuit and is separated with service end;
Main control end is used for receiving the extraneous platform district information of inputting, and the carrier signal that will include simultaneously this district's information is coupled on the line of electric force;
Service end is used for the carrier signal on the line of electric force is separated, and signal is analyzed and judged, will send out extremely corresponding with this service end user side ammeter box of platform district communication with the main control end that this service end is positioned at same district.
Described main control end comprises processor, the infrared communication unit that is connected with this processor respectively, power line carrier communication unit, RS485 communication unit, LED light, ZigBee communication unit, storage unit, and the power module that is used for providing operating voltage to above-mentioned each modular unit.
Described coupled circuit comprises the pickup coil BT1 of 1:1, the zero line UN of a coil N1 one end connection transformer low-voltage output of this pickup coil, the other end passes through respectively three-phase firewire UA, UB, the UC of three capacitor C 64, C63, C62 connection transformer low-voltage output, another coil N2 also connects TVS pipe and capacitor C 65, and an end ground connection wherein, the other end connects the carrier-wave transmission circuit.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model comprises the main control end that is positioned at the transformer low voltage output terminal, and several service ends that are positioned at the line of electric force user side, and each service end is as repeater, with main control end and each service end network consisting, the transmission that information or order can be continued, thus the communication distance of line of electric force point with point greatly prolonged; In addition, the utility model can be by the relaying degree of depth/confidence values (service end belongs to the affiliated platform district of the nearest main control end of the relaying degree of depth), the mistiming of signal intensity (service end belongs to the affiliated platform district of the strongest main control end of signal intensity) or zero crossing, be that service end receives the time of frame data to the end and the time difference of self zero crossing (service end belong to the main control end of aforementioned mistiming minimum under platform district) and judges platform district under the service end, also can adopt above-mentioned three kinds of methods to mutually combine or mutually the checking judge, can judge accurately the affiliated platform district of this service end, having solved prior art Zhong Tai district recognition failures causes platform district ownership to differentiate wrong problem, realize effective monitoring and management to platform district line loss, avoided the generation of power stealing leaky.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is communication block diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is that signal is transmitted schematic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram of main control end in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the theory diagram of service end in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 1st, carrier chip and peripheral circuit diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 2nd, carrier chip power circuit diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 3rd, carrier wave receiving circuit figure in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 4th, carrier wave transtation mission circuit figure in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 5th, coupled circuit figure in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 6th, zero crossing circuitry figure in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 7th, the circuit diagram of use network transformer in the utility model.
Fig. 5-the 8th does not use the circuit diagram of network transformer in the utility model.
Fig. 6-the 1st, processor and peripheral circuit diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 6-the 2nd, 3.3V power circuit diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 6-the 3rd, ZigBee telecommunication circuit figure in the utility model.
Fig. 6-the 4th, LED light and infrared communication circuit diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 7-the 1st, switching power circuit figure in the utility model.
Fig. 7-the 2nd, 485 circuit diagrams in the utility model.
Fig. 7-the 3rd, the circuit diagram of interface section in the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the model of coupled circuit in the utility model.
Fig. 9 is information flow chart of the present utility model.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment platform district Recognition test instrument comprises the main control end 1 that is positioned at the transformer low voltage output terminal, and several service ends 2 that are positioned at the line of electric force user side, main control end 1 are connected with service end respectively the coupling that is connected to realize carrier signal with line of electric force by coupled circuit with separate;
Main control end 1 is used for receiving the extraneous platform district information of inputting, and the carrier signal that will include simultaneously this district's information is coupled on the line of electric force, and is delivered to each service end 2 by line of electric force;
Service end 2, be used for line of electric force, the carrier signal that includes platform district information are separated, and signal analyzed and judge, will be positioned at the main control end 1 platform district communication of sending out in same district to the user side ammeter box 3 corresponding with this service end with this service end; Service end 2 forwards to realize continuing transmission as repeater with carrier signal simultaneously.
Described ammeter box 3 comprises a controller 3-1 and a plurality of table meter 3-2, wherein communicates by photoelectricity, RF or RS485 between service end 2 and the controller 3-1, carries out communication by the photoelectric communication mode between controller 3-1 and each the table meter 3-2.
In this example, do not preset repeater, namely do not specify in advance certain or certain several service end 2 as repeater, but any one service end 2 can be the repeater of other service ends 2, help prolongs communication distance to information or the order transmission that continues; Even the frame destination address of receiving in the transmittance process does not mate, if need to transmit, service end 2 also can be transmitted it.Transmit and adopt in timeslice harmony (Chorus) mode, it is unified synchronous with timeslice that this mode depends on whole system.
The relaying algorithm adopts the way of confidence values management, and confidence values is divided into 7 grades in this example, is managed by main control end 1.After service end 2 is configured to repeater, if the current confidence values of the mac frame of receiving is greater than 0, this service end 2 will repeat this frame to transmit when next timeslice arrives, and current confidence values subtracts one simultaneously, until the process that current confidence values is 0 time frame to be repeated stops.Under this mechanism, sheet at one time may exist many service ends 2 to repeat simultaneously to transmit, Here it is harmony.
As shown in Figure 2, the below illustrates this algorithm take the repeating process of a single mac frame as example: at first, it is 2 that main control end (Concentrator) sends a frame and set initial trusted value at the mac frame head for the 5th service end (Module PLC5) at timeslice K.The first and second service ends (Module PLC1 and 2) are because close together is correctly received these frame data at timeslice K.Secondly, because the confidence values (Credit) of this frame is greater than 0, after receiving, main control end (Concentrator), the first and second service ends (Module PLC1 and 2) begin this frame of repetition at timeslice K+1, current confidence values subtracts one, become 1, the third and fourth service end (Module PLC3 and 4) is received this frame in this timeslice, but the 5th service end (Module PLC5) is not far still received very much owing to circuit.Best is upper, and lower walking along the street realizes comprehensive dynamic routing through changing with network condition and adjusting at any time, and does not have the restriction of route progression.Again, the third and fourth service end (Module PLC3 and 4) repeats same frame at timeslice K+2, current confidence values subtracts one, main control end (Concentrator), the first and second service ends (Module PLC1 and 2) also repeat at the same time, with the third and fourth service end (Module PLC3 and 4) " harmony ".The 5th service end (Module PLC5) is correctly received this frame, because current confidence values has become 0, all service ends of next timeslice no longer repeat to send this frame.In the repeating process, if the signal of the signal that service end 2 listens to from line of electric force for self having sent then do not receive, if the signal that listens to self did not send, then receive this signal and forward.
Such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5-1 is to Fig. 5-8, Fig. 6-1 is to Fig. 6-4, Fig. 7-1, Fig. 7-2, shown in Fig. 7-3, described main control end 1 comprises processor I 1-1(MCU, adopt auspicious Sa single-chip microcomputer, model R5F212B8), the near infrared communication unit I 1-2(infrared receiving terminal model that is connected with this processor respectively is AT405-PD-01, infrared delivery header model is AT205), carrier communication unit I 1-3(can adopt the AMIS-49587-52 chip of ON company, also can adopt the RISE3501 of auspicious this Kanggong department in Shenzhen), RS485 communication unit I 1-4, LED light I 1-5, it is the CC1120 of TI company that ZigBee communication unit I 1-6(module adopts chip), storage unit I 1-7, and the power module I 1-8 that is used for providing operating voltage to above-mentioned each modular unit.Wherein effect is the same near infrared communication unit I 1-2 with ZigBee communication unit I 1-6, all be to read or write platform district number information to main control end 1, RS485 communication unit I 1-4 links to each other with the table meter, Jiang Tai district information sends to the table meter, LED light I 1-5 mainly is the display device running status, and storage unit I 1-7 mainly is storage platform district number information.
Described service end 2 structures and main control end 1 are basic identical, difference is only to have saved the ZigBee communication unit, namely comprise processor II 2-1(MCU, adopt auspicious Sa single-chip microcomputer, model R5F212B8), the near infrared communication unit II 2-2(infrared receiving terminal model that is connected with this processor respectively is AT405-PD-01, infrared delivery header model is AT205), carrier communication unit II 2-3(can adopt the AMIS-49587-52 chip of ON company, also can adopt the RISE3501 of auspicious this Kanggong department in Shenzhen), RS485 communication unit II 2-4, LED light II 2-5, storage unit II 2-7, and the power module II 2-8 that is used for providing operating voltage to above-mentioned each modular unit.
In order to improve the loading efficiency of carrier signal, guarantee that simultaneously the power frequency component of electrical network 50/60Hz can not bring too large interference to carrier communication system, the compound coupling technique that this example has adopted electromagnetic coupled to combine with R-C coupling.Described coupled circuit comprises the pickup coil BT1 of 1:1; the zero line UN of a coil N1 one end connection transformer low-voltage output of this pickup coil; the other end passes through respectively three-phase firewire UA, UB, the UC of three capacitor C 64, C63, C62 connection transformer low-voltage output; another coil N2 also connects TVS pipe and capacitor C 65; an and end ground connection wherein; play the effect of protection light current power line carrier communication unit 1-3, the other end then is connected to power line carrier communication unit 1-3 by the carrier-wave transmission circuit.
Described carrier-wave transmission circuit comprises carrier wave transtation mission circuit and carrier wave receiving circuit; For main control end 1, when detective's (realizing by carrier wave receiving circuit and carrier communication unit) initiates platform Division order (being sending station district information) to other districts, this main control end also starts this function simultaneously, the order of sending station Division, namely utilize carrier communication unit 1-3 to send the carrier signal that comprises platform district information, after the carrier wave transtation mission circuit amplifies, be sent on the line of electric force by coupled circuit; For service end 2, process of transmitting is identical with the process of transmitting of aforementioned main control end 1, and carrier signal is separated from line of electric force through overcoupled circuits during reception, then transfers to carrier communication unit 1-3 by the carrier wave receiving circuit.The pickup coil BT1 carrier signal that is coupled on the one hand can be kept apart telecommunication circuit and 220V forceful electric power in addition on the one hand, and the power frequency component of assurance line of electric force 50/60Hz can not exert an influence to carrier signal; The TVS pipe plays a protective role to circuit.By resonance computing formula frequency f o=1/ (2 π √ LC), if centre frequency is 130KHZ, can obtain L1 and C2, the model of its coupled circuit is as shown in Figure 8.
The below illustrates how to utilize the present embodiment identifier to carry out the identification of platform district as an example of one of them service end 2 example:
Processor II 2-1 in a, the service end 2 control carrier communication unit II 2-3 is to the MAC Address that is positioned at not several main control end 1 in district on the same stage and reports self, and an initial trusted value is set in reporting information, report and whenever the process (being that signal transfers to main control end from service end) add one through once transmitting confidence values, be the relaying degree of depth (current confidence values and initial trusted value poor) and add one, main control end 1 will be carried the relaying depth information of this table number when replying acknowledgement frame.
B, after carrier communication unit I 1-3 in each main control end 1 receives the reporting information of service end 2, it is carried out demodulation and transfers to processor I 1-1, processor I 1-1 obtains and record current confidence values or main control end, and (the initial trusted value that arranges of supposing to give the correct time on the service end is 0 with respect to the relaying degree of depth of service end, after 2 forwardings, received by a certain main control end, then the current confidence values recorded of this main control end is 2, be main control end with respect to the relaying degree of depth of service end be 2, main control end will be carried the relaying depth information of this table number when replying acknowledgement frame), control simultaneously carrier communication unit I 1-3 with this confidence values or the relaying degree of depth, and the platform district information of self (platform district information exchange is crossed palm machine and is sent to main control end, so the platform district information of each main control end is set) is modulated to carrier signal and is sent to service end 2 by line of electric force.
After carrier communication unit II 2-3 in c, the service end 2 receives the carrier signal that each main control end 1 sends over, it is carried out demodulation and transfers to processor II 2-1, processor II 2-1 records confidence values or the relaying degree of depth in each carrier signal, and corresponding platform district information, the then size of each confidence values or the relaying degree of depth relatively.For avoiding the mutual interference of unlike signal phase, if receive simultaneously the signal that a plurality of main control end 1 send in the receiving course, then these signals are all abandoned again reception.
Processor II 2-1 in d, the service end 2 with minimum confidence values or platform district information corresponding to the minimum relaying degree of depth, is sent to the user side ammeter box corresponding with this service end by RS485 communication unit II 2-4.Because service end 2 is every in reporting process just to add one through once transmitting confidence values, current confidence values when main control end 1 receives reporting information as can be known is less, illustrate that the number of times of transmitting is fewer, the number of times that is relaying fewer (the relaying degree of depth is less), simultaneously for a certain service end 2, when transferring to this service end, through the signal in other districts the number of times of forwarding, in the time of generally can transferring to this service end greater than this TV station district signal the hop count of process, so this service end main control end 1 corresponding with minimum confidence values or the minimum relaying degree of depth is positioned at same district.Service end 2 is sent to the user side ammeter box 3 corresponding with this service end with minimum confidence values or platform district information corresponding to the minimum relaying degree of depth in this step, thereby has realized the automatic identification in the electric supply meter case corresponding with this service end 23 ownership platform districts.
After controller 3-1 in e, the ammeter box 3 receives platform district information, this district's information as data under the platform district of oneself, and is sent to the main website of power supply administration by GPRS, inform power supply administration, thereby realize the automatic identification in each table meter 3-2 ownership platform district.
Present embodiment also can be judged service end 2 affiliated platform districts by signal intensity, and its concrete steps are as follows:
Carrier communication unit II 2-3 in a, the service end 2 receives several and does not distinguish on the same stage the carrier signal (including platform district information in the signal) that transmits, and processor II 2-1 will be transferred to after this signal demodulation, calculated the intensity of each received district's signal by processor II 2-1, and record each signal intensity and corresponding platform district information, the size of each signal intensity relatively then.For avoiding the mutual interference of unlike signal phase, if receive simultaneously the signal that a plurality of districts send in the receiving course, then these signals are all abandoned again reception.
Processor II 2-1 in b, the service end 2 is sent to the user side ammeter box corresponding with this service end by the RS485 communication unit II 2-4 platform district information that strongest signal strength is corresponding.Because the carrier signal in other districts will transfer to this TV station district, through the earth transmission, passing transformer transmits by line of electric force, but no matter be which kind of mode, the decay of signal intensity is all larger, therefore, in the certain situation of the relaying degree of depth, service end 2 main control end 1 corresponding with strongest signal strength is positioned at same district; Platform district information during service end 2 main control end 1 that strongest signal strength is corresponding is signaled in this step is sent to the user side ammeter box 3 corresponding with this service end, thereby has realized the automatic identification in the electric supply meter case corresponding with this service end 23 ownership platform districts.
After controller 3-1 in c, the ammeter box 3 receives platform district information, this district's information as data under the platform district of oneself, and is sent to the main website of power supply administration by GPRS, inform power supply administration, thereby realize the automatic identification in each table meter 3-2 ownership platform district.
Present embodiment can also be judged service end 2 affiliated platform districts by the mistiming of zero crossing, and its concrete steps are as follows:
Carrier communication unit II 2-3 in a, the service end 2 receives several and does not distinguish on the same stage the carrier signal (including platform district information in the signal) that transmits, and the signal that will receive after time point (the time of reception points of signal heads frame data), self zero crossing (obtaining by zero crossing circuitry) and the demodulation of each signal transfers to processor II 2-1, calculate the time difference of described each time point and self zero crossing by processor II 2-1, and record each time difference and corresponding platform district information; The zero crossing time difference of the larger explanation carrier wave of this difference transmitting element (main control end) and receiving element (service end) is larger.In addition, because carrier signal is to send in voltage over zero, and its transmission speed is very fast, the time phase difference of sending and receiving is very little, therefore almost can ignore, aforementioned difference also can be understood as the mistiming of voltage over zero and service end 2 self zero crossing.
Platform district information during processor II 2-1 in b, the service end 2 signals by the RS485 communication unit II 2-4 main control end 1 that minimal difference is corresponding is sent to the user side ammeter box corresponding with this service end.Owing in inside, same district A, B, three phase places of C are arranged, if service end 2 in the A phase place, the received general signal that sends when all being the voltage zero-cross of A phase place, and the phase place zero crossing mistiming differ very little; If the signal that other districts send, probably send by the earth, this moment, signal may be B phase place and C phase place, the mistiming of its voltage over zero and service end 2 self zero crossing will be larger, even the signal that other districts send also is the A phase place, because load and the transmission medium in platform district change, the time point of the zero crossing that detects also can have a certain distance with the zero crossing time of oneself; Therefore service end 2 main control end 1 corresponding with above-mentioned minimal difference is positioned at same district.Platform district information during service end 2 main control end 1 that minimal difference is corresponding is signaled in this step is sent to the user side ammeter box 3 corresponding with this service end, thereby has realized the automatic identification in the electric supply meter case corresponding with this service end 23 ownership platform districts.
After controller 3-1 in c, the ammeter box 3 receives platform district information, this district's information as data under the platform district of oneself, and is sent to the main website of power supply administration by GPRS, inform power supply administration, thereby realize the automatic identification in each table meter 3-2 ownership platform district.
Above-mentioned three kinds of methods can independently be identified, also can mutually combine and identify, namely when adopting relaying degree of depth None-identified service end 2 affiliated platform district, utilize signal intensity to identify, if adopt signal intensity also during None-identified, then adopt the mistiming of zero crossing to identify; The method that can also adopt three kinds of methods mutually to verify is identified, and namely at first adopts relaying depth recognition service end 2 affiliated platform districts, then adopts signal intensity identification, adopt at last the mistiming of zero crossing to identify, after three kinds of method identifications were complete, the contrast recognition result was with the accuracy of guaranteeing to identify.
As shown in Figure 9, in the actual mechanical process, utilize palm machine will include the ZigBee signal of platform district information, send to the ZigBee communication unit 1-6 of main control end 1, power line carrier communication unit 1-3 by main control end 1 carrier signal that will include platform district information sends on the line of electric force again, service end 2 is separated the carrier signal on the line of electric force and receive, utilize simultaneously the aforementioned identification method, to be arranged in the platform district information that the main control end 1 in same district is signaled with this service end, pass through photoelectricity, RF or RS485 communication link transfer to ammeter box 3, after controller 3-1 in the ammeter box 3 receives platform district information, with this district's information as data under the platform district of oneself, and send to the main website of power supply administration by GPRS, inform power supply administration, thereby realize the automatic identification in each table meter 3-2 ownership platform district.