CN101251951B - Power distribution network industrial frequency communicating method and system - Google Patents
Power distribution network industrial frequency communicating method and system Download PDFInfo
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power frequency communication method for a distribution network and a system using the method, firstly, installing a master-slave type communication system which comprises a master station device, a power distribution network and a plurality of user end transceivers, carries modulated information by using weak distortion of waveforms of current and voltage near a zero-crossing point of a power frequency of an electric network, takes the modulated information as part of sine wave of alternating current, takes middle and low voltage distribution network as a medium of information transmission, and uses a mode of half duplex for a both-way communication, so that the master-slave type communication system can penetrate a transformer with power frequency wave with low consumption to achieve a communication over distribution transformers without relaying, has the characteristics of far transmission distance, strong capability of anti-interference, simple device and small investment, and solves the problem that the prior signal of a power line carrier communication is hard to penetrate the distribution transformer to transmit over distribution transformers. The method and the system can be widely used in fields, such as remote meter reading of data of a water meter, an electricity meter and a gas meter, electric power load controlling, electric energy remote collecting, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of means of communication and system, particularly about a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communicating method and system that utilizes low and medium voltage distribution network to transmit data.
Background technology
Power distribution network is the important component part of power network, is positioned at the end of electrical network, mainly finishes the conveying and the distribution of electric energy, has the popularity of distribution.As shown in Figure 1, in this power distribution net system, high-tension line is meant the power circuit that 10kV is above, and medium-voltage line China is typically the 10kV circuit, and low-voltage circuit is meant single-phase 220V circuit.Utilize existing power distribution network transmitting data information in electricity distribution, as water, electricity, gas meter reading data and electric load control, very convenient, economic beyond doubt mode.For power transmission network, the application of power line carrier communication is comparatively ripe.Different with power transmission network, there is the factor that branch is many, load type is complicated, network topology structure is changeable, noise is big in power distribution network, so be not a desirable communication environment.In existing both at home and abroad, low-voltage network carrier communication ubiquity reliability is relatively poor, effective propagation path is short difficulty, main cause is that the frequency of carrier signal is in high band (40kHz～500kHz), electrical network is big to the carrier signal transmission attenuation, transmission range is near, long-distance transmissions needs middle device, as repeater; On the other hand, the substation transformer in the power distribution network is a natural trap to high-frequency carrier signal, and signal can not penetrate the transformer transmission, can only transmit in same electric pressure scope.The existing audio frequency pulsation carrier wave and the super narrowband carrier that can pass the substation transformer transmission, the low frequency frequency range of carrier signal frequency spectrum below 2kHz, these two kinds of technology can only realize descending and up one-way transmission, can not both-way communication, the carrier that carries information remains low frequency or the very low frequency (VLF) carrier signal that is superimposed upon on the line of electric force.Therefore develop a kind of signal and can penetrate substation transformer, can be at a distance and the communication system of transmitted in both directions become demand with realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of existing power distribution network power circuit resource of utilizing, transmit the power distribution network industrial frequency communicating method and the system of information by the small distortion of power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point voltage and current waveform, to reach the effect that signal can penetrate substation transformer, remote, two-way, reliable transmission information.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communicating method, and it may further comprise the steps: 1) a master-slave mode communication system that comprises a master station device, low and medium voltage distribution network and several user side R-T units is set; 2) master controller in the master station device sends downlink data information and gives transtation mission circuit, transtation mission circuit produces the modulating current of moment at power-frequency voltage zero crossing place according to coding rule, this modulating current is injected in the substation bus bar by modulation transformer, this modulating current is owing to voltage drop of effect generation of main-transformer coil leakage inductance in the transformer station is superimposed upon on the power-frequency voltage, make power frequency voltage waveform produce faint distortion near zero-crossing point, carrying the power frequency distortion voltage wave of modulation signal like this and broadcasting to whole low and medium voltage distribution network, the substation transformer that passes between the mesolow power circuit is transferred to low-voltage power line; The receiving circuit that is connected in parallel in the user side R-T unit between low-voltage power line zero line and the live wire detects faint distorted waveform, according to coding rule identification and recover the data message that master station device sends, finishes main website to user side downgoing communication process; 3) user side sends upstream data information to the transtation mission circuit in the user side R-T unit, this transtation mission circuit produces the modulating current of moment at the power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point according to coding rule, this modulating current is superimposed upon on the load current waveform, and be transferred on transformer station's feeder line with the load current ripple, the current transformer conversion load current that is installed in this feeder line outlet is little current signal, receiving circuit in the master station device extracts current signal from the Current Transformer Secondary side, detect this current signal constantly at voltage over zero, according to the data message that coding rule is discerned and the recovery user side sends, finish the uplink communication process of user side to main website.
A kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system, it comprises transformer station, the bus of described substation secondary side is drawn many feeder lines with radial, described feeder line connects low-voltage power line by substation transformer, it is characterized in that: in described transformer station, master station device is installed, several user side R-T units is installed at arbitrary terminal node place of described low-voltage power line; Described master station device comprises master controller, receiving circuit, transtation mission circuit, modulation transformer four parts, described master controller connects described transtation mission circuit, described transtation mission circuit connects described modulation transformer, described modulation transformer is linked into the bus of described transformer station, described receiving circuit inserts the feeder line of described transformer station by the current transformer that is installed in the feeder line exit, and described receiving circuit connects described master controller; Described user side R-T unit comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit, and described receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit directly are attempted by between the live wire and zero line of described low-voltage power line.
Be provided with a modulation circuit in the transtation mission circuit of described master station device, described modulation circuit is attempted by between the phase line and zero line of described transmission modulation transformer low-pressure side.
Be provided with a modulation circuit in the transtation mission circuit of described user side R-T unit, described modulation circuit is attempted by between the phase line and zero line of low-voltage power line.
Described modulation circuit is formed by sending modulator element and Rc, Lc parameter regulation element connected in series.
Described transmission modulator element is a thyristor switch, and described Rc parameter regulation element is a current-limiting resistor, and described Lc parameter regulation element is a telefault.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages: 1, signal of the present invention is to utilize the small distortion of line voltage and current waveform to carry the power line communication technology of a kind of uniqueness of information realization, also is referred to as the power frequency ripple distortion communication technology.Adopt power-frequency voltage of the present invention, current wave transmission course signal not to have and leak and bypass, it is little decay, and the penetrable substation transformer of signal realizes striding the platform district and communicate by letter, and has reduced regional restriction.2, master station device of the present invention has designed transtation mission circuit and receiving circuit, therefore can realize fully directly two-way communication.3, signal of the present invention is modulated near zero-crossing point, and is insensitive to the frequency and the amplitude variation of electrical network itself, so antijamming capability is strong, and required modulation power is little, is easy to realize.4, the present invention utilize existing in, low-voltage network is transport vehicle, need not the additional communication circuit, and is with low cost.The present invention can be widely used in water, electricity, gas three table remote datas and check meter and fields such as electric load control and electric flux remote collection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is common electric power power distribution network synoptic diagram
Fig. 2 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a power frequency distorted wave modulation circuit synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the power frequency distorted wave synoptic diagram after the present invention's modulation
Embodiment
The means of communication of the present invention have two features: 1, utilize the carrier of electrical network power frequency 50Hz waveform as information transmission itself, and be different from conventional electric line carrier communication, be to utilize the medium-high frequency be superimposed upon on the electrical network power frequency ripple or low frequency carrier signal signal carrier as information, so this communication system is referred to as the power frequency communication, be mainly used in mesolow power distribution net.2, communication signal is to come expression information at the artificial power-frequency voltage that produces of power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point and the small distortion of current waveform, the waveform that faint distortion has taken place is the part of power frequency 50Hz waveform, low (the 200Hz～500Hz) of signal frequency, power distribution network is very little to signal attenuation, and signal can directly penetrate the substation transformer transmission.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 2, the power distribution network industrial frequency communication system that communication system of the present invention is made up of by the power distribution net a master station device 1 and several user side R-T units 2, it adopts some master-slave mode communication system to multiple spot, carries out communication in semiduplex mode.Communication signal is divided into downgoing signal and upward signal, and the signal definition of 2 transmission is a downgoing signal from master station device 1 to the user side R-T unit, and the signal definition of 1 direction is a upward signal from user side R-T unit 2 to master station device.Because signal of the present invention can penetrate 10kV/380v substation transformer 3, whole like this transformer station 4 scopes only need a master station device 1, master station device 1 mainly comprises master controller 11, receiving circuit 12, transtation mission circuit 13 and modulation transformer 14 4 parts, master station device 1 generally is installed in the transformer station 4, extract current signal from the current transformer CT of each bar feeder line outlet, receive the up modulated current signal that online all the user side R-T units 2 of low-voltage distribution send in these transformer station's 4 scopes.
The power distribution net is a constant voltage supply network, is made of middle pressure (being typically 10kV in China) power circuit, 10kV/380v substation transformer 3,220V low-voltage power line, and it is as medium of communication of the present invention.User side R-T unit 2 mainly comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit, can be a plurality of, be installed in arbitrary terminal node place of low-voltage power line respectively, receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit directly are attempted by between the live wire (L) and zero line (N) of low-voltage power line, and all equally user side R-T units 2 can receive the descending modulated voltage signal that master station device 1 sends.
In transformer station 4, the high pressure that main-transformer transports electrical network is reduced among the 10kV and is pressed, by secondary side 10kV bus with radial to the power supply of many 10kV feeder lines, in the outlet of 10kV feeder line protection, metering or measuring current transformer CT are installed.Every feeder line comprises A, B, three phase lines of C, goes out transformer station 4 to middle pressure user electricity distribution.Generally being connected to many 10kV/380v substation transformers 3 on every feeder line, is that single-phase 220V voltage is powered to low-voltage customer with pressure drop among the 10kV.
Branch is descending below illustrates communication process of the present invention with transmission upward signal.
Downgoing communication between master station device 1 and the user side R-T unit 2: the master controller 11 in the master station device 1 is responsible for the control and the processing of communication, the downlink data that master controller 11 sends is produced the big current i of pulsed modulation of moment at the power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point according to coding rule by transtation mission circuit 13
c(current peak 300～400A, duration 1～3ms), this moment was modulated big current i
cBe injected into the 10kV of transformer station bus by modulation transformer 14, modulation transformer 14 has played the effect that master station device 1 and 10kV high pressure are isolated simultaneously.The moment that is injected on the 10kV bus is modulated big current i
cBecause the effect of main-transformer coil leakage inductance produces a voltage drop and is superimposed upon on the power-frequency voltage, make power frequency voltage waveform produce faint distortion near zero-crossing point.Carrying the power-frequency voltage distorted wave of modulation intelligence like this broadcasts to whole low and medium voltage distribution network, pass 10kV/380v substation transformer 3 and be transferred to low-voltage circuit, the receiving circuit of user side R-T unit 2 detects faint distorted waveform, identification also recovers the data message that master station device 1 sends, and finishes the downgoing communication of master station device 1 to user side R-T unit 2.
Uplink communication between user side R-T unit 2 and the master station device 1: the upstream data that user side R-T unit 2 sends is produced the pulse modulated currents i of moment at the power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point according to coding rule by transtation mission circuit
c(current peak 20～40A, duration 1～3ms), this modulating current i
cBe superimposed upon on the load current waveform, and be transferred on the 10kV of the transformer station feeder line with the load current ripple, the current transformer CT conversion load current that is installed in the outlet of 10kV feeder line is little current signal, plays the effect of isolated high-voltage simultaneously.Receiving circuit 12 in the master station device 1 is gathered current signal from current transformer CT secondary side, the faint modulating current i that has distorted that detects constantly that user side R-T unit 2 sends at voltage over zero
c,, finish the uplink communication process of user side R-T unit 2 to master station device 1 according to the data message that coding rule is discerned and recovery user side R-T unit 2 sends.
The generation of power frequency ripple distortion is the key that the technology of the present invention realizes, is chosen in that the power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point produces wave form distortion rather than at crest, is because near zero-crossing point (in 30 ° of the front and back), changes waveform and carries out signal modulation energy minimum; On the other hand, the reception of signal detects, and can help the detection identification of signal with zero crossing as synchronously, and at the power-frequency voltage zero crossing constantly, the load of electrical network and various interference noise are minimum simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the principle of brief description power frequency ripple distortion generation.In the uplink communication process, sending modulator element is thyristor switch SCR, and polyphone Rc, Lc parameter regulation element are attempted by on the 220V low-voltage power line, and Rc parameter regulation element is a current-limiting resistor, and Lc parameter regulation element is a telefault.As the controlled utmost point S of thyristor switch SCR when Δ T/2 is constantly closed before the power-frequency voltage zero crossing, the modulating current i of generation
cTo cause a voltage landing, as modulating current i
cThyristor automatic cutout when arriving zero point, the voltage that has landed this moment is superimposed on the power current waveform Ic, forms a power frequency distortion current ripple of having modulated near zero-crossing point, can obtain desired strength of modulating signal by the parameter of adjusting Rc, Lc.Propagate through power frequency distortion current ripple and modulating current ic low-loss ground on power circuit that ovennodulation produces, and can penetrate substation transformer transmission 3, finally be received circuit 12 detection and Identification.
In the transtation mission circuit 13 of master station device 1, also be provided with an identical modulation circuit, the principle that power frequency distortion current ripple produces is also identical with above-mentioned principle, difference is this modulation circuit and receives and sends between the phase line and zero line of modulation transformer low-pressure side, and the modulating current that produces is than big many of user side modulating current; This modulating current i in addition
cBecause the effect of main-transformer coil leakage inductance, the voltage drop of generation is superimposed upon on the power frequency voltage waveform, and power frequency voltage waveform is distorted near zero-crossing point, thereby downgoing signal is based on the voltage wave propagation, and the upward signal propagation is based on current wave.
Below only be preferred embodiment of the present invention, any based on equivalent transformation of the present invention, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. power distribution network industrial frequency communicating method, it may further comprise the steps:
1) a master-slave mode communication system that comprises a master station device, low and medium voltage distribution network and several user side R-T units is set;
2) master controller in the master station device sends downlink data information and gives the main website transtation mission circuit, the main website transtation mission circuit produces the modulating current of moment at power-frequency voltage zero crossing place according to coding rule, this modulating current is injected in the substation bus bar by modulation transformer, this modulating current is owing to voltage drop of effect generation of main-transformer coil leakage inductance in the transformer station is superimposed upon on the power-frequency voltage, make power frequency voltage waveform produce faint distortion near zero-crossing point, carrying the power frequency distortion voltage wave of modulation signal like this and broadcasting to whole low and medium voltage distribution network, the substation transformer that passes between the mesolow power circuit is transferred to low-voltage power line; Described user side R-T unit comprises user side receiving circuit and user side transtation mission circuit, described user side receiving circuit and user side transtation mission circuit directly are attempted by between the live wire and zero line of described low-voltage power line, described user side receiving circuit detects faint distorted waveform, according to coding rule identification and recover the data message that master station device sends, finish main website to user side downgoing communication process;
3) user side sends upstream data information to the user side transtation mission circuit in the user side R-T unit, the user side transtation mission circuit produces the modulating current of moment at the power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point according to coding rule, this modulating current is superimposed upon on the load current waveform, make the power current waveform produce faint distortion near zero-crossing point, and be transferred on transformer station's feeder line with the load current ripple, the current transformer that is installed in this feeder line outlet is transformed to little current signal with load current, receiving circuit in the master station device extracts modulated current signal from the Current Transformer Secondary side, detect this current signal constantly at voltage over zero, according to the data message that coding rule is discerned and the recovery user side sends, finish the uplink communication process of user side to main website.
2. realize the system of the power distribution network industrial frequency communication of method according to claim 1 for one kind, it comprises transformer station, the bus of described substation secondary side is drawn many feeder lines with radial, described feeder line connects low-voltage power line by substation transformer, it is characterized in that: in described transformer station, master station device is installed, several user side R-T units is installed at arbitrary terminal node place of described low-voltage power line; Described master station device comprises master controller, main website receiving circuit, main website transtation mission circuit, modulation transformer four parts, described master controller connects described main website transtation mission circuit, described main website transtation mission circuit connects described modulation transformer, described modulation transformer is linked into the bus of described transformer station, described main website receiving circuit inserts the feeder line of described transformer station by the current transformer that is installed in the feeder line exit, and described main website receiving circuit connects described master controller; Described user side R-T unit comprises user side receiving circuit and user side transtation mission circuit, and described user side receiving circuit and user side transtation mission circuit directly are attempted by between the live wire and zero line of described low-voltage power line.
3. a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with a modulation circuit in the transtation mission circuit of described master station device, described modulation circuit is connected in parallel between the bus and feeder line of described transformer station.
4. a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with a modulation circuit in the transtation mission circuit of described user side R-T unit, described modulation circuit is connected in parallel between the live wire and zero line of low-voltage power line.
5. as a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system of claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: described modulation circuit is formed by sending modulator element and Rc, Lc parameter regulation element connected in series.
6. a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described transmission modulator element is a thyristor switch, and described Rc parameter regulation element is a current-limiting resistor, and described Lc parameter regulation element is a telefault.
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| CN1988310A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-06-27 | 上海大学 | Current source type photovoltiac parallel-in system and its control device and method |
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2008
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| JP3001227B2 (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 2000-01-24 | 株式会社リコー | Frequency detector for commercial power supply |
| US6075717A (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 2000-06-13 | General Electric Company | PWM rectifier control with switching losses equally distributed among multiple switching devices |
| CN1767302A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2006-05-03 | 上海电力学院 | Solid synchronous voltage source for filtering |
| CN1988310A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-06-27 | 上海大学 | Current source type photovoltiac parallel-in system and its control device and method |
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