CN101251951A - A distribution network power frequency communication method and system - Google Patents

A distribution network power frequency communication method and system Download PDF

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CN101251951A
CN101251951A CNA2008101034512A CN200810103451A CN101251951A CN 101251951 A CN101251951 A CN 101251951A CN A2008101034512 A CNA2008101034512 A CN A2008101034512A CN 200810103451 A CN200810103451 A CN 200810103451A CN 101251951 A CN101251951 A CN 101251951A
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transformer
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distribution network
current
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CN101251951B (en
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陈希
李建岐
王智慧
黄毕尧
汪洋
刘国军
权楠
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种配电网工频通讯方法及系统，首先设置一个包括一台主站装置、电力配电网和若干个用户端收发装置的主从式通讯系统，该系统利用电网工频电压过零点附近电压、电流波形的微弱畸变来携带调制信息，并将调制信息作为交流电正弦波的一部分，以中低压配电网做为信息传输的介质，并以半双工的方式进行双向通讯，故能随工频波一起低损耗的穿透变压器实现跨变压器台区的通讯而无需中继，具有传输距离远，抗干扰能力强，设备简单投资小的特点，解决了传统的电力线载波通讯信号难以穿透配电变压器跨台区传输的难题。本发明可以广泛用于水、电、气三表数据远程抄表和电力负荷控制及电能量远程采集等领域。

Figure 200810103451

The invention relates to a distribution network power frequency communication method and system. First, a master-slave communication system including a master station device, a power distribution network and several user end transceiver devices is set up. The system utilizes the power frequency voltage of the power grid The weak distortion of the voltage and current waveform near the zero crossing point carries the modulation information, and the modulation information is regarded as a part of the AC sine wave, and the medium and low voltage distribution network is used as the information transmission medium, and the two-way communication is carried out in a half-duplex manner. Therefore, it can penetrate the transformer with low loss along with the power frequency wave to realize the communication across the transformer station area without relaying. It has the characteristics of long transmission distance, strong anti-interference ability, simple equipment and small investment, and solves the traditional power line carrier communication signal. It is difficult to penetrate the problem of cross-regional transmission of distribution transformers. The invention can be widely used in the fields of remote meter reading of water, electricity and gas meter data, electric load control, electric energy remote collection and the like.

Figure 200810103451

Description

一种配电网工频通讯方法及系统 A distribution network power frequency communication method and system

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种通讯方法及系统，特别是关于一种利用中低压配电网来传输数据的配电网工频通讯方法及系统。The invention relates to a communication method and system, in particular to a distribution network power frequency communication method and system which utilizes a medium and low voltage distribution network to transmit data.

背景技术 Background technique

配电网是电力网的重要组成部分，位于电网的末端，主要完成电能的输送与分配，具有分布的广泛性。如图1所示，在此电力配电网系统中，高压线路是指10kV以上的电力线路，中压线路我国典型的是10kV线路，低压线路是指单相220V线路。利用已有的配电网在配送电能的同时传输数据信息，如水、电、气抄表数据和电力负荷控制，无疑是非常方便、经济的方式。对输电网而言，电力线载波通信的应用已经较为成熟。与输电网不同，配电网存在分支多、负荷类型复杂、网络拓扑结构多变、噪声干扰大的因素，所以并不是一个理想的通讯环境。国内外现有的中、低压配电网载波通讯普遍存在可靠性较差、有效传输距离短的困难，主要原因是载波信号的频率处于高频段(40kHz～500kHz)，电网对载波信号传输衰减大，传输距离近，远距离传输需要中间装置，如中继器；另一方面，配电网中的配电变压器对高频载波信号是一个天然的阻波器，信号不能穿透变压器传输，只能在同一个电压等级范围内传输。现有的能够穿过配电变压器传输的音频脉动载波和超窄带载波，载波信号频谱在2kHz以下的低频频段，这两种技术只能实现下行和上行的单向传输，不能够双向通讯，携带信息的载体仍然是叠加在电力线上的低频或甚低频载波信号。因此研制一种信号可以穿透配电变压器，能够远距离且双向传输的通讯系统成为具有现实意义的需求。The distribution network is an important part of the power grid. It is located at the end of the power grid and mainly completes the transmission and distribution of electric energy. It has a wide distribution. As shown in Figure 1, in this power distribution network system, high-voltage lines refer to power lines above 10kV, medium-voltage lines are typically 10kV lines in my country, and low-voltage lines refer to single-phase 220V lines. It is undoubtedly a very convenient and economical way to use the existing distribution network to transmit data information while distributing electric energy, such as water, electricity, gas meter reading data and power load control. For the transmission network, the application of power line carrier communication has been relatively mature. Different from the transmission network, the distribution network has many branches, complex load types, variable network topology, and large noise interference, so it is not an ideal communication environment. The existing medium and low-voltage distribution network carrier communication at home and abroad generally has poor reliability and short effective transmission distance. The main reason is that the frequency of the carrier signal is in the high frequency band (40kHz-500kHz), and the power grid has a large attenuation of the carrier signal transmission. , the transmission distance is short, and long-distance transmission requires intermediate devices, such as repeaters; Can be transmitted within the same voltage level range. The existing audio pulsating carrier and ultra-narrow-band carrier that can be transmitted through distribution transformers, the carrier signal spectrum is in the low-frequency band below 2kHz, these two technologies can only realize one-way transmission of downlink and uplink, and cannot communicate bidirectionally. The carrier of information is still a low-frequency or very low-frequency carrier signal superimposed on the power line. Therefore, the development of a communication system that can penetrate distribution transformers for signals and enable long-distance and two-way transmission has become a practical demand.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提出一种利用已有的配电网电力线路资源，通过工频电压过零点附近电压和电流波形的微小畸变来传输信息的配电网工频通讯方法及系统，以达到信号可以穿透配电变压器、远距离、双向、可靠传输信息的效果。In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to propose a distribution network power frequency communication method and system that utilizes the existing distribution network power line resources to transmit information through the slight distortion of the voltage and current waveforms near the zero crossing point of the power frequency voltage , in order to achieve the effect that the signal can penetrate the distribution transformer, long-distance, two-way, and reliable transmission of information.

为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：一种配电网工频通讯方法，其包括以下步骤：1)设置一个包括一台主站装置、中低压配电网和若干个用户端收发装置的主从式通讯系统；2)主站装置中的主控制器发出下行数据信息给发送电路，发送电路根据编码规则在工频电压过零点处产生瞬间的调制电流，该调制电流通过调制变压器注入到变电站母线中，该调制电流由于变电站中主变压器线圈漏感的作用产生一个电压降叠加在工频电压上，使得工频电压波形在过零点附近产生微弱的畸变，这样携带着调制信号的工频畸变电压波向整个中低压配电网广播，穿过中低压电力线路之间的配电变压器传输到低压电力线路；并联在低压电力线路零线和火线之间的用户端收发装置中的接收电路检测微弱的畸变波形，根据编码规则识别并恢复出主站装置发出的数据信息，完成主站到用户端下行通讯过程；3)用户端发出上行数据信息给用户端收发装置中的发送电路，该发送电路根据编码规则在工频电压过零点附近产生瞬间的调制电流，该调制电流叠加在负荷电流波形上，并随负荷电流波传输到变电站馈线上，安装在该馈线出口的电流互感器变换负荷电流为小电流信号，主站装置中的接收电路从电流互感器二次侧提取电流信号，在电压过零点时刻检测出该电流信号，根据编码规则识别并恢复用户端发出的数据信息，完成用户端到主站的上行通讯过程。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a distribution network power frequency communication method, which includes the following steps: 1) setting a master station device, a medium and low voltage distribution network and several user end transceivers 2) The master controller in the master station device sends downlink data information to the sending circuit, and the sending circuit generates an instantaneous modulation current at the zero-crossing point of the power frequency voltage according to the coding rules, and the modulation current is injected through the modulation transformer To the busbar of the substation, the modulated current produces a voltage drop superimposed on the power frequency voltage due to the leakage inductance of the main transformer coil in the substation, which makes the power frequency voltage waveform slightly distorted near the zero crossing point, so that the power frequency voltage carrying the modulation signal The frequency distorted voltage wave is broadcast to the entire medium and low voltage distribution network, and is transmitted to the low voltage power line through the distribution transformer between the medium and low voltage power lines; the receiver in the user end transceiver device connected in parallel between the neutral line and the live line of the low voltage power line The circuit detects the weak distorted waveform, identifies and restores the data information sent by the master station device according to the coding rules, and completes the downlink communication process from the master station to the user end; 3) the user end sends uplink data information to the sending circuit in the user end transceiver device, The sending circuit generates instantaneous modulation current near the zero-crossing point of the power frequency voltage according to the coding rules. The modulation current is superimposed on the load current waveform and transmitted to the substation feeder along with the load current wave. The current transformer installed at the outlet of the feeder transforms The load current is a small current signal. The receiving circuit in the master station device extracts the current signal from the secondary side of the current transformer, detects the current signal at the moment when the voltage crosses zero, and identifies and restores the data information sent by the user terminal according to the coding rules. The uplink communication process from the user end to the master station.

一种配电网工频通讯系统，它包括变电站，所述变电站二次侧的母线以辐射状引出多条馈线，所述馈线通过配电变压器连接低压电力线路，其特征在于：在所述变电站内安装主站装置，在所述低压电力线路的任一终端节点处安装若干个用户端收发装置；所述主站装置包括主控制器、接收电路、发送电路、调制变压器四部分，所述主控制器连接所述发送电路，所述发送电路连接所述调制变压器，所述调制变压器接入到所述变电站的母线，所述接收电路通过安装在馈线出口处的电流互感器接入所述变电站的馈线，所述接收电路连接所述主控制器；所述用户端收发装置包括接收电路和发送电路，所述接收电路和发送电路直接并接在所述低压电力线路的火线和零线之间。A distribution network power frequency communication system, which includes a substation, the bus bar on the secondary side of the substation leads out a plurality of feeders radially, and the feeders are connected to low-voltage power lines through distribution transformers, characterized in that: in the substation A master station device is installed inside, and several user-side transceiver devices are installed at any terminal node of the low-voltage power line; the master station device includes four parts: a master controller, a receiving circuit, a transmitting circuit, and a modulation transformer. The controller is connected to the sending circuit, the sending circuit is connected to the modulation transformer, the modulation transformer is connected to the bus bar of the substation, and the receiving circuit is connected to the substation through a current transformer installed at the outlet of the feeder The receiving circuit is connected to the main controller; the client transceiver device includes a receiving circuit and a sending circuit, and the receiving circuit and the sending circuit are directly connected in parallel between the live line and the neutral line of the low-voltage power line .

在所述主站装置的发送电路中设置有一调制电路，所述调制电路并接在所述发送调制变压器低压侧的相线与零线之间。A modulation circuit is arranged in the transmission circuit of the master station device, and the modulation circuit is connected in parallel between the phase line and the neutral line of the low-voltage side of the transmission modulation transformer.

在所述用户端收发装置的发送电路中设置有一调制电路，所述调制电路并接在低压电力线路的相线与零线之间。A modulation circuit is arranged in the transmission circuit of the user end transceiver device, and the modulation circuit is connected in parallel between the phase line and the neutral line of the low-voltage power line.

所述调制电路由发送调制元件和Rc、Lc参数调节元件串联组成。The modulation circuit is composed of sending modulation elements and Rc, Lc parameter adjustment elements connected in series.

所述发送调制元件为晶闸管开关，所述Rc参数调节元件为限流电阻器，所述Lc参数调节元件为电感线圈。The sending modulating element is a thyristor switch, the Rc parameter adjusting element is a current limiting resistor, and the Lc parameter adjusting element is an inductance coil.

本发明由于采取以上技术方案，本发明具有以下优点：1、本发明的信号是利用电网电压和电流波形的微小畸变来携带信息实现的一种独特的电力线通信技术，也称之为工频波畸变通信技术。采用本发明工频电压、电流波传输过程信号无泄漏和旁路，衰减小，并且信号可穿透配电变压器实现跨台区通信，减少了地域性的限制。2、本发明的主站装置设计了发送电路和接收电路，因此可以实现完全直接的双向通信。3、本发明的信号在过零点附近调制，对电网本身的频率和幅值变化不敏感，因此抗干扰能力强，且所需的调制功率小，易于实现。4、本发明利用现有的中、低压配电网为传输载体，无需额外通信线路，成本低廉。本发明可以广泛用于水、电、气三表数据远程抄表和电力负荷控制及电能量远程采集等领域。Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The signal of the present invention is a unique power line communication technology that uses the tiny distortion of the grid voltage and current waveform to carry information, also known as power frequency wave Distortion communication technology. The transmission process of power frequency voltage and current wave of the present invention has no leakage and bypass of signal, and the attenuation is small, and the signal can penetrate the distribution transformer to realize cross-platform communication, reducing regional restrictions. 2. The master station device of the present invention is designed with a sending circuit and a receiving circuit, so completely direct two-way communication can be realized. 3. The signal of the present invention is modulated near the zero-crossing point, and is insensitive to frequency and amplitude changes of the power grid itself, so the anti-interference ability is strong, and the required modulation power is small, which is easy to implement. 4. The present invention uses the existing medium and low-voltage distribution network as the transmission carrier, without additional communication lines, and the cost is low. The invention can be widely used in the fields of remote meter reading of water, electricity and gas meter data, electric load control, electric energy remote collection and the like.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是普通电力配电网示意图Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an ordinary power distribution network

图2是本发明的系统结构示意图Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention

图3是本发明的工频畸变波调制电路示意图Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power frequency distorted wave modulation circuit of the present invention

图4是经本发明调制后的工频畸变波示意图Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the power frequency distorted wave modulated by the present invention

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

本发明的通讯方法具有两个特征：1、利用电网工频50Hz波形本身作为信息传输的载体，而不同于常规的电力线载波通讯，是利用叠加在电网工频波之上的中高频或低频载波信号作为信息的载体，所以本通讯系统称之为工频通讯，主要应用在中低压电力配电网。2、通讯信号是在工频电压过零点附近人为产生的工频电压和电流波形的微小畸变来表示信息，发生了微弱畸变的波形是工频50Hz波形的一部分，信号频率低(200Hz～500Hz)，配电网对信号衰减很小，信号可直接穿透配电变压器传输。The communication method of the present invention has two characteristics: 1. Use the power grid power frequency 50Hz waveform itself as the carrier of information transmission, which is different from the conventional power line carrier communication, which is to use the medium-high frequency or low-frequency carrier superimposed on the power frequency wave of the power grid Signal is the carrier of information, so this communication system is called industrial frequency communication, and it is mainly used in medium and low voltage power distribution networks. 2. The communication signal is a small distortion of the power frequency voltage and current waveform artificially generated near the zero crossing point of the power frequency voltage to represent the information. The weakly distorted waveform is part of the power frequency 50Hz waveform, and the signal frequency is low (200Hz～500Hz) , the distribution network has very little attenuation of the signal, and the signal can be directly transmitted through the distribution transformer.

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细的描述。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

如图2所示，本发明的通讯系统是由一台主站装置1和若干个用户端收发装置2通过电力配电网组成的配电网工频通讯系统，它采用一点对多点的主从式通讯系统，以半双工的方式进行通讯。通讯信号分为下行信号和上行信号，从主站装置1到用户端收发装置2传输的信号定义为下行信号，从用户端收发装置2到主站装置1方向的信号定义为上行信号。由于本发明的信号可以穿透10kV/380v配电变压器3，这样整个变电站4范围只需一台主站装置1，主站装置1主要包括主控制器11、接收电路12、发送电路13和调制变压器14四部分，主站装置1一般安装在变电站4内，从各条馈线出口的电流互感器CT上提取电流信号，接收该变电站4范围内低压配电网上所有用户端收发装置2发送的上行调制电流信号。As shown in Figure 2, the communication system of the present invention is a distribution network industrial frequency communication system composed of a master station device 1 and several user-side transceiver devices 2 through the power distribution network. It adopts a point-to-multipoint master The slave communication system communicates in half-duplex mode. The communication signal is divided into downlink signal and uplink signal. The signal transmitted from the master station device 1 to the client transceiver device 2 is defined as a downlink signal, and the signal transmitted from the client transceiver device 2 to the master station device 1 is defined as an uplink signal. Since the signal of the present invention can penetrate the 10kV/380v distribution transformer 3, only one master station device 1 is needed in the whole substation 4 range, and the master station device 1 mainly includes a master controller 11, a receiving circuit 12, a sending circuit 13 and a modulation Four parts of the transformer 14, the main station device 1 is generally installed in the substation 4, extracts the current signal from the current transformer CT at the outlet of each feeder line, and receives the uplink signal sent by all the user end transceiver devices 2 on the low-voltage distribution network within the range of the substation 4 modulated current signal.

电力配电网是一个恒压供电网络，由中压(在我国典型的是10kV)电力线路、10kV/380v配电变压器3、220V低压电力线路构成，它作为本发明的通讯媒介。用户端收发装置2主要包括接收电路和发送电路，可以是多个，分别安装在低压电力线路的任一终端节点处，接收电路和发送电路直接并接在低压电力线路的火线(L)和零线(N)之间，同样所有的用户端收发装置2都可以接收主站装置1发出的下行调制电压信号。The power distribution network is a constant voltage power supply network consisting of medium voltage (typically 10kV in my country) power lines, 10kV/380v distribution transformer 3, and 220V low voltage power lines, which serve as the communication medium of the present invention. The client transceiver device 2 mainly includes a receiving circuit and a sending circuit, which may be multiple, and are respectively installed at any terminal node of the low-voltage power line, and the receiving circuit and the sending circuit are directly connected in parallel to the live wire (L) and neutral Between the lines (N), all user end transceiver devices 2 can also receive the downlink modulated voltage signal sent by the master station device 1 .

在变电站4，主变压器将电网输送来的高压降为10kV中压，通过二次侧10kV母线以辐射状向多条10kV馈线供电，在10kV馈线的出口安装有保护、计量或测量用的电流互感器CT。每条馈线包含A、B、C三条相线，出变电站4向中压用户配送电能。每条馈线上一般接有多台10kV/380v配电变压器3，将10kV中压降为单相220V电压向低压用户供电。In substation 4, the main transformer reduces the high voltage sent by the grid to 10kV medium voltage, supplies power to multiple 10kV feeders in a radial manner through the secondary 10kV busbar, and installs current mutual inductance for protection, metering or measurement at the outlet of the 10kV feeder device CT. Each feeder includes three phase lines A, B, and C, and the substation 4 distributes electric energy to medium-voltage users. Each feeder is generally connected with multiple 10kV/380v distribution transformers 3 to reduce the 10kV medium voltage to single-phase 220V voltage to supply power to low-voltage users.

下面分下行和上行信号的传输来说明本发明的通讯过程。The communication process of the present invention will be described below by dividing the transmission of downlink and uplink signals.

主站装置1与用户端收发装置2之间下行通讯：主站装置1中的主控制器11负责通讯的控制和处理，主控制器11发出的下行数据，由发送电路13根据编码规则在工频电压过零点附近产生瞬间的脉冲调制大电流ic(电流峰值300～400A，持续时间1～3ms)，该瞬间调制大电流ic通过调制变压器14注入到变电站10kV母线，调制变压器14同时起到了将主站装置1与10kV高压隔离的作用。注入到10kV母线上的瞬间调制大电流ic由于主变压器线圈漏感的作用产生一个电压降叠加在工频电压上，使得工频电压波形在过零点附近产生微弱的畸变。这样携带着调制信息的工频电压畸变波向整个中低压配电网广播，穿过10kV/380v配电变压器3传输到低压线路，用户端收发装置2的接收电路检测微弱的畸变波形，识别并恢复出主站装置1发出的数据信息，完成主站装置1到用户端收发装置2的下行通讯。Downlink communication between the master station device 1 and the client transceiver device 2: the master controller 11 in the master station device 1 is responsible for the control and processing of the communication, and the downlink data sent by the master controller 11 is sent by the sending circuit 13 according to the coding rules in the work An instantaneous pulse-modulated large current ic (current peak value 300-400A, duration 1-3ms) is generated near the zero-crossing point of the high-frequency voltage. The instantaneous modulated large current ic is injected into the 10kV busbar of the substation through the modulation transformer 14, and the modulation transformer 14 starts at the same time It has the function of isolating the main station device 1 from the 10kV high voltage. The instantaneous modulated large current ic injected into the 10kV bus produces a voltage drop superimposed on the power frequency voltage due to the leakage inductance of the main transformer coil, which makes the power frequency voltage waveform slightly distorted near the zero crossing point. In this way, the power frequency voltage distortion wave carrying modulation information is broadcast to the entire medium and low voltage distribution network, and then transmitted to the low voltage line through the 10kV/380v distribution transformer 3. The receiving circuit of the client transceiver device 2 detects the weak distortion waveform, identifies and The data information sent by the master station device 1 is recovered, and the downlink communication from the master station device 1 to the client transceiver device 2 is completed.

用户端收发装置2与主站装置1之间上行通讯：用户端收发装置2发出的上行数据，由发送电路根据编码规则在工频电压过零点附近产生瞬间的脉冲调制电流ic(电流峰值20～40A，持续时间1～3ms)，该调制电流ic叠加在负荷电流波形上，并随负荷电流波传输到变电站10kV馈线上，安装在10kV馈线出口的电流互感器CT变换负荷电流为小电流信号，同时起到隔离高压的作用。主站装置1中的接收电路12从电流互感器CT二次侧采集电流信号，在电压过零点时刻检测出用户端收发装置2发出的微弱畸变了的调制电流ic，根据编码规则识别并恢复用户端收发装置2发出的数据信息，完成用户端收发装置2到主站装置1的上行通讯过程。Uplink communication between the user-side transceiver device 2 and the master station device 1: the uplink data sent by the user-side transceiver device 2 is generated by the transmitting circuit according to the coding rules at the vicinity of the zero-crossing point of the power frequency voltage. The instantaneous pulse modulation current ic (current peak value 20 ～40A, duration 1～3ms), the modulation current ic is superimposed on the load current waveform, and is transmitted to the 10kV feeder line of the substation along with the load current wave, and the current transformer CT installed at the outlet of the 10kV feeder line transforms the load current into a small current signal, and at the same time play the role of isolating high voltage. The receiving circuit 12 in the master station device 1 collects the current signal from the secondary side of the current transformer CT, detects the weakly distorted modulation current ic sent by the transceiver device 2 at the user end at the moment when the voltage crosses zero, identifies and restores it according to the coding rules The data information sent by the transceiver device 2 at the user end completes the uplink communication process from the transceiver device 2 at the user end to the main station device 1 .

工频波畸变的产生是本发明技术实现的关键，选择在工频电压过零点附近产生波形畸变而不是在波峰，是因为在过零点附近(前后30°内)，改变波形进行信号调制能量最小；另一方面，信号的接收检测，可以以过零点作为同步，有利于信号的检测识别，同时在工频电压过零点时刻，电网的负荷及各种干扰噪声最少。The generation of power frequency wave distortion is the key to the realization of the technology of the present invention. The waveform distortion is selected to be generated near the zero crossing point of the power frequency voltage instead of at the wave peak, because the waveform is changed to carry out signal modulation with the smallest energy near the zero crossing point (within 30° before and after). ; On the other hand, the reception and detection of signals can be synchronized with the zero-crossing point, which is beneficial to the detection and identification of the signal. At the same time, at the moment of the zero-crossing point of the power frequency voltage, the load of the power grid and various interference noises are the least.

如图3、图4所示，下面简述工频波畸变产生的原理。在上行通讯过程中，发送调制元件为晶闸管开关SCR，串连Rc、Lc参数调节元件并接在220V低压电力线路上，Rc参数调节元件为限流电阻器，Lc参数调节元件为电感线圈。当晶闸管开关SCR受控制极S在工频电压过零点前ΔT/2时刻闭合时，产生的调制电流ic将引起一个电压降落，当调制电流ic到达零点时晶闸管自动断开，此时降落了的电压叠加于工频电流波形Ic上，在过零点附近形成一个调制了的工频畸变电流波，通过调整Rc、Lc的参数可以得到所要求的调制信号强度。经过调制产生的工频畸变电流波和调制电流ic在电力线路上低损耗地传播，并可以穿透配电变压器传输3，最终被接收电路12检测和识别。As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the principle of power frequency wave distortion is briefly described below. In the uplink communication process, the sending modulation element is a thyristor switch SCR, the Rc and Lc parameter adjustment elements are connected in series and connected to the 220V low-voltage power line, the Rc parameter adjustment element is a current-limiting resistor, and the Lc parameter adjustment element is an inductance coil. When the controlled pole S of the thyristor switch SCR is closed at the time ΔT/2 before the power frequency voltage crosses zero, the generated modulation current ic will cause a voltage drop. When the modulation current ic reaches the zero point, the thyristor is automatically disconnected, and the drop The obtained voltage is superimposed on the power frequency current waveform Ic, and a modulated power frequency distorted current wave is formed near the zero crossing point. By adjusting the parameters of Rc and Lc, the required modulation signal strength can be obtained. The modulated power frequency distorted current wave and modulated current ic propagate on the power line with low loss, can penetrate the distribution transformer for transmission 3 , and are finally detected and identified by the receiving circuit 12 .

在主站装置1的发送电路13中也设置有一相同的调制电路，工频畸变电流波产生的原理也与上述原理相同，不同在于该调制电路并接发送调制变压器低压侧的相线与零线之间，并且产生的调制电流要比用户端调制电流大的多；另外该调制电流ic由于主变压器线圈漏感的作用，产生的电压降叠加在工频电压波形上，使工频电压波形在过零点附近发生畸变，因而下行信号是以电压波传播为主，而上行信号传播是以电流波为主。The same modulation circuit is also arranged in the transmission circuit 13 of the master station device 1, and the principle of power frequency distorted current wave generation is also the same as the above-mentioned principle, the difference is that the modulation circuit is connected in parallel with the phase line and neutral line of the low voltage side of the transmission modulation transformer between, and the modulation current generated is much larger than the modulation current at the user end; in addition, the modulation current ic is due to the leakage inductance of the main transformer coil, and the voltage drop generated is superimposed on the power frequency voltage waveform, so that the power frequency voltage waveform Distortion occurs near the zero-crossing point, so the downlink signal is mainly propagated by voltage wave, while the uplink signal is mainly propagated by current wave.

以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例，任何基于本发明的等效变换，均不应排除在本发明的保护范围之外。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any equivalent transformation based on the present invention shall not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. power distribution network industrial frequency communicating method, it may further comprise the steps:
1) a master-slave mode communication system that comprises a master station device, low and medium voltage distribution network and several user side R-T units is set;
2) master controller in the master station device sends downlink data information and gives transtation mission circuit, transtation mission circuit produces the modulating current of moment at power-frequency voltage zero crossing place according to coding rule, this modulating current is injected in the substation bus bar by modulation transformer, this modulating current is owing to voltage drop of effect generation of main-transformer coil leakage inductance in the transformer station is superimposed upon on the power-frequency voltage, make power frequency voltage waveform produce faint distortion near zero-crossing point, carrying the power frequency distortion voltage wave of modulation signal like this and broadcasting to whole low and medium voltage distribution network, the substation transformer that passes between the mesolow power circuit is transferred to low-voltage power line; The receiving circuit that is attempted by in the user side R-T unit between low-voltage power line zero line and the live wire detects faint distorted waveform, according to coding rule identification and recover the data message that master station device sends, finishes main website to user side downgoing communication process;
3) user side sends upstream data information to the transtation mission circuit in the user side R-T unit, this transtation mission circuit produces the modulating current of moment at the power-frequency voltage near zero-crossing point according to coding rule, this modulating current is superimposed upon on the load current waveform, and be transferred on transformer station's feeder line with the load current ripple, the current transformer conversion load current that is installed in this feeder line outlet is little current signal, receiving circuit in the master station device extracts current signal from the Current Transformer Secondary side, detect this current signal constantly at voltage over zero, according to the data message that coding rule is discerned and the recovery user side sends, finish the uplink communication process of user side to main website.
2. realize the system of the power distribution network industrial frequency communication of method according to claim 1 for one kind, it comprises transformer station, the bus of described substation secondary side is drawn many feeder lines with radial, described feeder line connects low-voltage power line by substation transformer, it is characterized in that: in described transformer station, master station device is installed, several user side R-T units is installed at arbitrary terminal node place of described low-voltage power line; Described master station device comprises master controller, receiving circuit, transtation mission circuit, modulation transformer four parts, described master controller connects described transtation mission circuit, described transtation mission circuit connects described modulation transformer, described modulation transformer is linked into the bus of described transformer station, described receiving circuit inserts the feeder line of described transformer station by the current transformer that is installed in the feeder line exit, and described receiving circuit connects described master controller; Described user side R-T unit comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit, and described receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit directly are attempted by between the live wire and zero line of described low-voltage power line.
3. as a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with a modulation circuit in the transtation mission circuit of described master station device, described modulation circuit is attempted by between the phase line and zero line of described modulation transformer low-pressure side.
4. as a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with a modulation circuit in the transtation mission circuit of described user side R-T unit, described modulation circuit is attempted by between the live wire and zero line of low-voltage power line.
5. as a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: described modulation circuit is formed by sending modulator element and Rc, Lc parameter regulation element connected in series.
6. as a kind of power distribution network industrial frequency communication system as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that: described transmission modulator element is a thyristor switch, and described Rc parameter regulation element is a current-limiting resistor, and described Lc parameter regulation element is a telefault.
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