CN101729098A - Brand new FSK spread spectrum carrier communication system based on the characteristic of power lines - Google Patents
Brand new FSK spread spectrum carrier communication system based on the characteristic of power lines Download PDFInfo
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- CN101729098A CN101729098A CN200810171972A CN200810171972A CN101729098A CN 101729098 A CN101729098 A CN 101729098A CN 200810171972 A CN200810171972 A CN 200810171972A CN 200810171972 A CN200810171972 A CN 200810171972A CN 101729098 A CN101729098 A CN 101729098A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brand new FSK spread spectrum carrier communication system based on the characteristic of power lines, relating to a low voltage carrier communication system transmitting data through low voltage power lines, in particular to a low voltage carrier automatic copy control and resource information publish system of an electric energy meter. The communication system is characterized in that: 1. the characteristic that the resistance and noise of the power lines are changed according to power frequency period is utilized, and time division communication is carried out respectively before and after zero passage of each phase in differential time interval with high and small changed resistance and low noise interference; 2. three phases sequentially utilize continuous time sheets, thereby ensuring complete use of time;3. orthogonal codes having nothing to do with time realize time division transmission; 4. the system has four transmission types, thereby solving the scheduling problem of phase splitting transmission; 5, a symmetrical coding way is utilized to solve decoding asymmetry of a hardware decoding circuit; 6. AD is utilized to finish the sampling of spread spectrum communication, so as to shake off the impact of hardware design; 7. time stability is ensured by in-phase transmission; and 8. nodes snoop network-layer commands to realize the location function of each node.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low voltage power line carrier spread spectrum communication field, relate in particular to the automation of low voltage carrier electric power table and copy and accept control and energy information delivery system.
Background technology
In recent years, the low-voltage power line spread spectrum carrier communication is widely applied in the carrier meter reading field, has the stronger characteristics of anti-interference.But its use not in conjunction with power line intrinsic to the favourable characteristic of communicating by letter, subject matter is as follows:
1. the point-to-point communication transmission range is short, can not satisfy domestic electrical network requirement;
2. communication stability is poor when electric network impedance changes or disturb generation, causes the relay processes complexity;
3. do not have node adjacent position information, relay processes is not utilized the electrical network inherent structure.
At above problem, the science and technology strength of Qingdao Topscomm Communication Co., Ltd.'s support self richness adopts current advanced technology, has developed the brand-new FSK spread spectrum carrier communication system based on the power line characteristics.
This system has thoroughly changed general extension frequency carrier system communication problem of unstable, has improved the direct ability to communicate of system, for the application of broadband communication on power line provides the good technical support.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the characteristics according to the distinctive zero passage of power line and three-phase 120 each 3.3ms/2.8ms of degree, and three timesharing that communicate are arranged in order in the 3.3ms/2.8ms before and after the zero passage separately and carry out.
Utilized the characteristics of power line 50Hz/60Hz impedance periodic transformation, differential period communication mode makes full use of its high impedance, impedance stabilization, little differential period of interference and communicates, communication distance is far away, the time to become stability high.The three-phase communication process has covered all periods again simultaneously, has avoided single-phase communication only to use the waste of 1/3 time to time resource.
Use high-speed AD to finish the AD sampling function of spread spectrum communication, except that using spread spectrum, also use technology such as wavelet transformation, the noise component(s) behind the removal secondary mixing has improved receiving sensitivity.
Be the positioning function of realization system to each node, design node and intercepted the network layer order, characteristics according to the electrical network inherent structure, make full use of the intelligent processing capacity of node self, generate the relative physical location information of ammeter, the realization active repeating is checked meter, and avoids because unsettled network forms the uncertain of route.
The three-phase process of checking meter is independent, and phase information is accurate, trunking method is simple, stable, reliably.
The 100/50bps variable rate transmission of master mode and two-forty communication distinguishing ability.
Special-purpose carrier wave MAC layer-management agreement, network layer protocol separates with application layer protocol.
Carrier meter reading special chip TCM081, TCC081, TCS083 and the carrier wave family chip of deriving thereof that exploitation realizes with the method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: three-phase signal timesharing transmission means
Fig. 2: the modulation system of spread-spectrum signal
Fig. 3: node is intercepted state
Fig. 4: carrier communication control frame form
Fig. 5: command frame property field
Fig. 6: ring the respective frame property field
Fig. 7: command frame address
Fig. 8: response frame address field
Fig. 9: carrier communication control flow
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention comprises the implementation method of TCC081, TCS083, TCM081 chip and the chip of deriving thereof and the Data Transport Protocol between carrier chip TCS083 and TCC081, the TCM081.
Physical layer
The timesharing of carrier signal transmission: base when carrier chip with the trailing edge of zero cross signal is, automatically the time between two trailing edges of timesharing is 6 five equilibriums, the 6th five equilibrium of getting last time and this first are divided into principal phase timeslice, the 2 3rd and are divided into the first attached timeslice, the 4 5th mutually and are divided into the second attached phase timeslice, respectively communicate transmission timing as shown in Figure 1.Its one the second attached promptly be the principal phase of other two-phase mutually.
Spread spectrum coding: the spreading code code element as shown in Figure 2, the 425.2kHz signal of 75.2uS is a mark, is labeled as M; 75.2uS the 416.7kHz signal be spacing, be labeled as S, it is continuous phase that signal connects, as shown in Figure 2.Spread-spectrum signal is the spread spectrum transmission signal of 100bps by above two yards former finishing for speed, continuous 80 MSMS in a timeslice ... MSMS signal indication data 1
100bps, continuous 80 MMSSMMSS in a timeslice ... MMSSMMSS signal indication data 0
100bpsFor speed is the spread-spectrum signal of 50bps, and previous timeslice is continuous 80 MSMS ... continuous 80 MMSSMMSS in the MSMS signal, a back timeslice ... MMSSMMSS signal indication data 1
50bps, previous timeslice is continuous 80 MMSSMMSS ... continuous 80 MSMS in the MMSSMMSS signal, a back timeslice ... MSMS signal indication data 0
50bps
Data head: data head is by 40 continuous 1
100bps0
100bps1
100bps0
100bps1
100bps0
100bps1
100bps0
100bpsHeel 0
100bps1
100bpsConstitute.Afterwards as occur continuous 1
100bps0
100bps0
100bps1
100bps1
100bps0
100bpsThen data communication speed is 50bps, as occurs continuous 0
100bps1
100bps1
100bps0
100bps0
100bps1
100bpsThen data communication speed is 100bps.
Carrier wave sends: when carrier wave sent data, the carrier wave transtation mission circuit sent synchronous head and communication speed coding earlier, afterwards according to carrying out the transmission of extension frequency carrier by the scrambled of 50bps or 100bps.
Carrier wave receives: but (TCM081 is main, an attached channel in the channel of all communications, TCS083, TCM081 are three channels), the carrier wave receiving circuit carries out the high-speed AD sampling to importing the audio analog signals that forms after the FSK demodulation, sampling period is 4.7uS, each timeslice is carried out about altogether 700 times sampling, and the data of timely this signal of Treatment Analysis, form bit data flow.The data that form are carried out the ranks verification of continuous 16 modes, correctly form frame data, mistake is discarded not to be handled.
Carrier wave received signal intensity:,, offer link layer as the foundation of carrying out the communication relaying as the received signal intensity of carrier signal according to the percentage (signal to noise ratio) of the signal accordance of continuous 160 timeslices.
Link layer
Frame format
Agreement of the present invention is the half-duplex operation mode of main-slave structure, the agreement specified in more detail transmission method and the realization of carrier link layer, be the technique guarantee that solves the concurrent transmission of three-phase.
Each node all has address code separately, and the foundation of communication link is controlled with removing the information frame that sends by host node, and frame format as shown in Figure 4.Agreement is when providing the application layer data transparent transmission, in order to improve communication efficiency, the application layer data that meets frame formats such as DL/T645-1997 communication protocol, new 645 stipulations has been carried out optimizing support, and reserve the reservation control word of other new stipulations, transparent transmission is used for other field wide application prospect is provided.
1. leading character is 1 byte, adopts binary one 0101010B (AAH).
2. frame length is 1 byte.The length of the frame data of expression except leading character, end mark.
3. property field is 2 bytes.
When being command frame, domain structure is seen Fig. 5.Being described as follows of related content among the figure:
1) channel logo: 00-three-phase transmission; 01-the 1st transmits mutually; 10-the 2nd transmits mutually; 11-the 3rd transmits mutually;
2) respond the byte length grade: 00-need not respond; The 01-20 byte; The 10-40 byte; The 11-80 byte.
3) news speed sign: 0-50bps; 1-100bps.
4) collision detection: when this position 1, the time-delay stand-by period increases 12s; Put 0 o'clock, the time-delay stand-by period does not change.
When being carrier wave node response frame, domain structure is seen Fig. 6.Be described as follows:
1) actual separate: actual separate, 00-keeps; 01-first phase; 10-second phase; The 11-third phase
2) channel characteristics: describe the feature of destination node communication channel, the communication of 00-principal phase; 01-master, pair phase two-phase communication; 10-master, pay one, pay a two-phase three and communicate; 11-three symmetrical communicating.
3) signal strength signal intensity: be divided into 15 grades, span 0000-1111,0000 expression lowest signal-to-noise.
4. address field adopts the algorithm that condenses, variable-length.When being command frame, structure is seen Fig. 5.When the relaying rank was 00H, address field only comprised source address and destination address; During relaying rank non-zero, address field comprises source address, transistroute address, destination address.When being response frame, omit the transistroute address, structure is seen Fig. 6.Address format is used HDLC extended address rule, keeps the bit position (low order) of the 1st transmission in each address byte, and it is changed to 0 to represent that a byte following closely is an extended byte of address field.The form of extended byte should be identical with first byte.Last byte of address field is changed to 1 to low order and identifies.
5. the length of control domain is 1 byte.
When the C/D position of property field was 1, control domain was represented carrier network layer control command, control word span 0-64, and 65-255 is standby for the control word span.
| Control word | Order | Application layer |
| ??00H | The address is set | Carrier address |
| ??01H | Read the address | Do not have |
| ??02H | Read N nodal information that listens to since the M node | ??M、N |
| ??04H | Enable that host node initiatively receives and the detection noise state | ??M |
| ??05H | Node initiatively reports and enables | Do not have |
| ??06H | Broadcasting is called together and is read node address | Do not have |
| Control word | Order | Application layer |
| ??60H | Obtain vendor code and version information | Do not have |
When the C/D position of property field was 0, control domain was represented the carrier communication order.When control word was 00H, application layer was a transparent transmission; When control word was 10H, application layer was DL/T 645-1997 stipulations.
6. data field, when the C/D position of property field was 1, data field was the network control command information.When the C/D position of property field was 0, control domain was represented the carrier communication order.When control word is 10H, application layer protocol is DL/T 645-1997 stipulations, and its format change is as follows:
7. the length in verification territory is two bytes, is used for calculating after the leading character, the check value of the frame data before the verification territory.
Three call flows that communicate
Control the parallel transmission process of communication on three-phase, the time waste of avoiding sequential control to bring needs parallel three the concurrent control processes of using, and checks meter flow process as shown in Figure 5.It is to carry out on the full duplex serial communication bus of a 9.6kpbs that its hardware is realized, controller calls the carrier controller equipment (electric power cat) of finishing three-phase carrier wave parallel transmission function by universal serial bus, finishes carrier wave three-phase communication function.
The electric power cat is imported in the control information of the carrier wave of the three-phase of out of phase order at a relatively high speed, the electric power cat is received to reply after the complete control information and confirms whether this information is successfully received, if success receives the back carrier communication task is arranged on respective phase, then reply this busy information that communicates, send otherwise carry out carrier wave.Need reception information receiving processing again,, reply overtime acknowledgement frame, the correct reply data frame of data after overtime if can not receive the reception data of success.The different response message of three-phase is lined up in order and is replied.
Send and suppress:,, send after wait has one to be sent completely mutually when the electric power cat can suppress the transmitting time that time-delay sends an other phase automatically when having two-phase to send simultaneously for reducing the average power consumption of transmission.
This agreement is also supported standard DL/T 645-1997 communications protocol.
Node is intercepted:
As shown in Figure 3, any carrier wave node can this mutually on record than the echo message of other node of the high same concentrator of relaying rank number own, the mean value of number of times and received signal intensity received in record, and relaying rank own and concentrator number are obtained by the direct communication of concentrator to this node.
After normal learning process, concentrator reads the interception data of node, according to the node address in the interception data, signal strength signal intensity, intercept contents such as number of times, sets up the relative physical location of node, according to the success or failure situation of a last communication, rationally choose transistroute and communicate afterwards.
The foundation of this method is: intercept shown in the quantity information as 1,2, No. 3 table among Fig. 3, No. 3 table is intercepted the quantity maximum, and the more close edge, position of directly copying, its position is more suitable for and does the repeater use.
This method makes the foundation accurately that defined of transistroute.
Claims (9)
1. brand-new FSK spread spectrum carrier communication transmission method based on power frequency electric power line characteristics.It is characterized in that: utilize the cycle synchronisation of power frequency component to cut apart transmission signals, signal was transmitted in the differential period that helps most the carrier signal transmission; Three-phase signal timesharing sequential delivery realizes the fully utilization of communication to the time; Guarantee the realization that timesharing is transmitted with the orthogonal code that the time is irrelevant; Effective transmission of carrier signal is guaranteed in the realization of four kinds of carrier transmission types; Balance modulation system and demodulation method are guaranteed its communication distance; Carrier communication signal input data sampling is finished in the sampling of use high-speed AD, improves the sensitivity of communication; The time stability of carrier signal is guaranteed in the homophase transmission; Node is intercepted different other response messages of relaying level, for carrier networking provides reliable basis.
2. as described in the right 1.Utilize the power line zero passage synchronous, make full use of the characteristics of power line impedance by the power frequency period conversion, the differential period that helps most communication before and after each phase zero passage is carried out tdm communication respectively, make the call duration time of each phase be in the impedance height and change the differential period little, that noise jamming is little, thereby the stability of communication distance and different time communication is effectively guaranteed.
3. three phase sequence timesharing phase-splittings transmission, characteristics according to the distinctive zero passage of power line and three-phase 120 each 3.3mS of degree, each is operated in the little and impedance of its noise signal high the time mutually, the continuous timeslice of three phase sequence utilizations is transmitted, guaranteed broadband communication utilization fully in time, improved communication sensitivity and communication speed, avoided single-phase communication only to use of the waste of 1/3 time time resource.
4. after adopting the timesharing zero passage synchronously, use the orthogonal code that has nothing to do with the time to guarantee the realization of timesharing transmission.Because the transmission deviation of zero cross signal, it can not satisfy broadband communication to the requirement of time, adopts and incoherent orthogonal code sequence of time, has solved above problem effectively.
5. design the method for four kinds of transport-types that principal phase transmission, main attached 1 is transmitted mutually, master attached 2 is transmitted mutually, three-phase transmits, solved the actual application problem of phase-splitting transmission effectively, guaranteed the validity and the accuracy of networking process.
6. the mode of asymmetric encoding efficiently solves the decoding asymmetry of spreading spectrum and decoding circuit, has avoided the influence of hardware demodulation circuit to carrier communication.
7. use high-speed AD to finish the AD sampling function of spread spectrum communication, break away from of the influence of the hardware designs of extension frequency carrier, use wavelet transformation technique to solve the correctness of the demodulation under high noisy the decoding implementation procedure.
8. the time stability of carrier signal is guaranteed in homophase transmission, avoids the difference of the effect that carrier wave that the unsteadiness of non-principal phase communication received signal causes receives at different time.
9. node is intercepted the network layer order, and the realization system is to the positioning function of each node, and according to the characteristics of electric network composition, the relative physical location information of generation equipment is realized the active repeating communication.Avoid because the communication unsteadiness that unsettled route network forms.
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| CN200810171972A CN101729098A (en) | 2008-10-28 | 2008-10-28 | Brand new FSK spread spectrum carrier communication system based on the characteristic of power lines |
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| CN200810171972A CN101729098A (en) | 2008-10-28 | 2008-10-28 | Brand new FSK spread spectrum carrier communication system based on the characteristic of power lines |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101867452A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-10-20 | 国网电力科学研究院 | Communication method of serial real-time bus special in electricity |
| CN102215049A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-10-12 | 杭州箭源电子有限公司 | Data sending method and data sending device |
| CN103001668A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-03-27 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | High-speed carrier communication technique applicable to low voltage power lines |
| CN103117774A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-22 | 北京中宸泓昌科技有限公司 | Chip used for power carrier communication |
| CN104253630A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 国际商业机器公司 | Method and system for transmitting data at power line by using power line carrier |
| CN105116216A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 成都众山科技有限公司 | Multifunctional smart electric meter system |
| CN106160791A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-23 | 国家电网公司 | Three-phase multiple power lineman frequency communication means and system towards intelligent distribution network |
| CN106506047A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-03-15 | 创达特（苏州）科技有限责任公司 | A kind of carrier communication method of low-voltage power line, apparatus and system |
| CN109039381A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-18 | 珠海泰易科技有限公司 | A kind of encryption method of the low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier communication for DL/T645 communications protocol |
| CN111600820A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Physical layer transmission signal generation method based on MFSK modulation and Chirp spread spectrum technology |
| CN112382076A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Equipment and operation method for acquiring topological information of district electric energy meter |
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2008
- 2008-10-28 CN CN200810171972A patent/CN101729098A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101867452A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-10-20 | 国网电力科学研究院 | Communication method of serial real-time bus special in electricity |
| CN101867452B (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2013-07-17 | 国网电力科学研究院 | Communication method of serial real-time bus special in electricity |
| CN102215049A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-10-12 | 杭州箭源电子有限公司 | Data sending method and data sending device |
| CN102215049B (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2014-01-29 | 杭州箭源电子有限公司 | Data sending method and data sending device |
| CN103001668A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-03-27 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | High-speed carrier communication technique applicable to low voltage power lines |
| CN103117774A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-22 | 北京中宸泓昌科技有限公司 | Chip used for power carrier communication |
| CN104253630A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 国际商业机器公司 | Method and system for transmitting data at power line by using power line carrier |
| CN104253630B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-08-10 | 国际商业机器公司 | Utilize power line carrier at the method and system of electric lines of force transmitting data |
| CN106160791A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-23 | 国家电网公司 | Three-phase multiple power lineman frequency communication means and system towards intelligent distribution network |
| CN105116216A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 成都众山科技有限公司 | Multifunctional smart electric meter system |
| CN106506047A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-03-15 | 创达特（苏州）科技有限责任公司 | A kind of carrier communication method of low-voltage power line, apparatus and system |
| US10790877B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2020-09-29 | Triductor Technology (Suzhou) Inc. | Carrier communication method, device and system for low-voltage power line |
| CN109039381A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-18 | 珠海泰易科技有限公司 | A kind of encryption method of the low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier communication for DL/T645 communications protocol |
| CN111600820A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Physical layer transmission signal generation method based on MFSK modulation and Chirp spread spectrum technology |
| CN112382076A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Equipment and operation method for acquiring topological information of district electric energy meter |
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Open date: 20100609 |