CN101922531B - 用于互连发动机和双离合变速器的混合模块 - Google Patents

用于互连发动机和双离合变速器的混合模块 Download PDF

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CN101922531B
CN101922531B CN2010102026135A CN201010202613A CN101922531B CN 101922531 B CN101922531 B CN 101922531B CN 2010102026135 A CN2010102026135 A CN 2010102026135A CN 201010202613 A CN201010202613 A CN 201010202613A CN 101922531 B CN101922531 B CN 101922531B
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CN101922531A (zh
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N·谢内克
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/946—Characterized by control of driveline clutch

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种混合模块互连发动机和双离合变速器(DCT)。该混合模块包括第一承载器、第二承载器和第一离合器。第一承载器以可操作方式连接到DCT并且能够绕着轴线以第一转速旋转。第二承载器以可操作方式连接到发动机并且能够绕着轴线以第二转速旋转。第一离合器环绕轴线并且以可操作方式互连第一承载器和第二承载器。第一离合器在第一承载器的第一转速小于第二承载器的第二转速时超限运转，使得它们独立旋转。第一离合器还在第二转速等于第一转速时接合并且锁定所述承载器的旋转，使得第二离合器驱动第一承载器绕着轴线旋转。

Description

用于互连发动机和双离合变速器的混合模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种构造成互连车辆的发动机和双离合变速器的混合模块。
背景技术
在现代车辆中，一般使用多档双离合变速器(DCT)，这是因为它们与典型的装备有变矩器的自动变速器相比具有增加的机械效率。此外，多档双离合变速器通常也优选于典型的自动手动变速器，因为DCT能够提供更高质量的换档。
典型的DCT使用两个摩擦离合器用于在其前进档传动比之间换档，并且通过在两个摩擦离合器中的一个和另一个之间交替接合来完成这种换档。这种多档双离合变速器可用于混合动力车辆，即使用两个或更多个不同动力源的车辆，例如发动机和电动机，用于向目标车辆的从动轮传递推进能量。然而，在混合动力车辆中封装DCT硬件以及多个动力源会存在挑战。
发明内容
一种混合模块构造成用于互连发动机和双离合变速器(DCT)。该混合模块包括第一承载器、第二承载器、电动机和第一离合器。第一承载器构造成以可操作方式连接到DCT并且能够绕着轴线以第一转速旋转。电动机构造成绕着轴线以第一转速旋转。第一承载器以可操作方式连接到电动机以便与其共同旋转，使得第一承载器的第一转速被传递到DCT。第一承载器构造成将第一承载器的第一转速传递到DCT。第二承载器构造成以可操作方式连接到发动机并且能够绕着轴线以第二转速旋转。第一离合器环绕轴线并且以可操作方式互连第一承载器和第二承载器。第一离合器构造成当第一承载器的第一转速小于第二承载器的第二转速时超限运转，使得第一承载器独立于第二承载器旋转。第一离合器还构造成当第二转速大致等于第一转速时将第一承载器的旋转接合并锁定到第二承载器，使得第二承载器驱动第一承载器绕着轴线旋转。
本发明的另一实施方式包括一种用于推进车辆的混合动力系。该混合动力系包括发动机、DCT和混合模块。混合模块互连发动机和DCT。混合模块包括第一承载器、第二承载器、电动机和第一离合器。第一承载器能够绕着轴线以第一转速旋转。电动机构造成绕着轴线以第一转速旋转。第一承载器以可操作方式连接到电动机以便与其共同旋转，使得第一承载器的第一转速被传递到DCT。第一承载器以可旋转方式连接到DCT，使得第一承载器驱动DCT的旋转。第二承载器以可旋转方式连接到发动机并且能够绕着轴线以第二转速旋转。第一离合器环绕轴线并且以可操作方式互连第一承载器和第二承载器。第一离合器构造成当第一承载器的第一转速小于第二承载器的第二转速时超限运转，使得第一承载器独立于第二承载器绕着轴线旋转。第一离合器还构造成当第二转速大致等于第一转速时将第一承载器的旋转接合并锁定到第二承载器，从而使得第二承载器驱动第一承载器绕着轴线旋转。
本发明的另一方面包括一种操作混合模块以驱动DCT的方法。该方法包括操作电动机以使第一承载器和DCT绕着轴线以第一转速旋转。第二承载器和发动机的输出部绕着轴线以第二转速旋转。互连第一承载器和第二承载器的第一离合器在第一转速小于第二转速时超限运转，使得仅仅第一承载器绕着轴线驱动DCT。第一离合器在第二转速大致等于第一转速时被接合以将第一承载器锁定到第二承载器，从而使得第二承载器驱动第一承载器和DCT绕着轴线旋转。
方案1、一种构造成互连发动机和双离合变速器(DCT)的混合模块，所述混合模块包括：
第一承载器，其构造成以可操作方式连接到DCT并且能够绕着轴线以第一转速旋转；
电动机，其构造成绕着所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转；
其中所述第一承载器以可操作方式连接到所述电动机以便与所述电动机一起旋转，使得所述第一承载器的所述第一转速被传递到DCT；
第二承载器，其构造成以可操作方式连接到发动机并且能够绕着所述轴线以第二转速旋转；
第一离合器，其位于所述轴线上并且以可操作方式互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速小于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时超限运转，使得所述第一承载器独立于所述第二承载器旋转；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第二转速大致等于所述第一转速时将所述第一承载器的旋转接合并锁定到所述第二承载器，使得所述第二承载器驱动所述第一承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
方案2、如方案1所述的混合模块，其中所述第二承载器构造成响应于接收到来自发动机的输出而绕所述轴线以所述第二转速旋转。
方案3、如方案1所述的混合模块，还包括第二离合器，所述第二离合器以可操作方式互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器，并且构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速大于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时选择性地致动以接合所述第一承载器与所述第二承载器，使得所述第一承载器驱动所述第二承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
方案4、如方案3所述的混合模块，其中所述第一承载器包括至少一个第一离合器板，而所述第二承载器包括空间上与所述第一离合器板相对的至少一个第二离合器板；
其中所述第二离合器构造成选择性地致动并使所述至少一个第一离合器板与所述至少一个第二离合器板相接合，使得所述第一承载器接合所述第二承载器。
方案5、如方案4所述的混合模块，其中所述第二离合器是电离合器。
方案6、如方案5所述的混合模块，其中所述第二离合器沿轴向设置在所述承载器中的每一个和所述发动机之间。
方案7、如方案1所述的混合模块，其中所述第一离合器是单向离合器。
方案8、如方案1所述的混合模块，其中所述电动机包括沿径向环绕所述轴线的转子和定子，其中所述转子构造成绕着所述轴线相对于所述定子旋转；
其中所述第一承载器以可旋转方式绕所述轴线连接到所述转子，并且构造成用于将所述第一转速传递到DCT。
方案9、一种用于推进车辆的混合动力系，所述混合动力系包括：
发动机；
双离合变速器(DCT)；
互连所述发动机和所述DCT的混合模块，所述混合模块包括：
第一承载器，其能够绕着所述轴线以第一转速旋转，
电动机，其构造成绕着所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转；
其中所述第一承载器以可操作方式连接到所述电动机以便与所述电动机一起旋转，使得所述第一承载器的所述第一转速被传递到所述DCT；
第二承载器，其以可旋转方式连接到所述发动机并且能够绕着所述轴线以第二转速旋转，
第一离合器，其环绕所述轴线并且以可操作方式互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速小于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时超限运转，使得所述第一承载器独立于所述第二承载器绕着所述轴线旋转；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第二转速大致等于所述第一转速时将所述第一承载器的旋转接合并锁定到所述第二承载器，使得所述第二承载器驱动所述第一承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
方案10、如方案9所述的混合动力系，其中所述DCT包括双离合器组件和齿轮箱。
方案11、如方案9所述的混合动力系，其中所述双离合器组件包括：
离合器承载器，其以可操作方式连接到所述第一承载器，并且构造成响应于绕所述绕轴线以所述第一转速旋转的所述第一承载器而绕所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转；
内部变速器轴，其沿着所述轴线延伸并且以可操作方式连接到第一套齿轮；
第一离合器组件，其以可旋转方式连接到所述内部变速器轴；
外部变速器轴，其沿着所述轴线环绕所述内部变速器轴延伸，并且以可操作方式连接到第二套齿轮；
第二离合器组件，其以可旋转方式连接到所述外部变速器轴；
其中所述第一离合器组件构造成选择性地与所述离合器承载器连接从而当所述第一离合器组件接合所述离合器承载器时绕所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转以便驱动所述第一套齿轮；
其中所述第二离合器组件构造成选择性地与所述离合器承载器连接从而当所述第二离合器组件接合所述离合器承载器时绕所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转以便驱动所述第二套齿轮。
方案12、如方案9所述的混合动力系，还包括第二离合器，所述第二离合器以可操作方式连接到所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器并且构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速大于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时选择性地致动并将所述第一承载器接合到所述第二承载器，使得所述第一承载器驱动所述第二承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
方案13、如方案12所述的混合动力系，其中所述第二离合器是电离合器。
方案14、如方案12所述的混合动力系，其中所述第二离合器沿所述轴线轴向地设置在所述承载器中的每一个和所述发动机之间。
方案15、一种操作混合模块以驱动双离合变速器(DCT)的方法，所述方法包括：
操作电动机以使第一承载器和DCT绕着轴线以第一转速旋转；
使第二承载器和发动机的输出部绕着所述轴线以第二转速旋转；
使互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器的第一离合器在所述第一转速小于所述第二转速时超限运转，从而使得仅所述第一承载器绕着所述轴线驱动DCT；
当所述第二转速大致等于所述第一转速时接合所述第一离合器，从而将所述第一承载器锁定到所述第二承载器，使得所述第二承载器驱动所述第一承载器和DCT绕着所述轴线旋转。
方案16、如方案15所述的操作混合模块的方法，还包括：
选择性地致动第二离合器以接合所述第一承载器与所述第二承载器，使得所述第一承载器驱动所述第二承载器和DCT绕着所述轴线旋转。
通过下面对实施本发明的最佳模式的详细描述并且结合附图，本发明的上述特征和优点以及其他特征和优点将变得明显。
附图说明
现在参考附图，其中示出了示例实施方式并且类似的部件用类似的附图标记表示：
图1是用于推进车辆的混合动力系的示意性局部截面侧视图；以及
图2是图1中的混合动力系的混合模块和双离合器组件的示意性截面侧视图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图，其中类似的附图标记指代类似的部件，图1示出了一个互连发动机12和双离合变速器14(DCT)以推进车辆(未示出)的混合模块10。混合模块10包括能够绕着轴线A旋转的电动机16。电动机16包括转子18和定子20，定子20在轴线A周围径向环绕转子18，使得转子18环绕轴线A相对于定子20旋转。应当理解，也可以使用本领域技术人员已知的电动机16的其他构造。此外，电动机16以可操作方式连接到能量存储设备22和控制器24，这将在下面更详细地描述。
参考图1和2，混合模块10还包括第一承载器26和第二承载器28。第一承载器26以可操作方式连接到电动机16并且能够绕着轴线A以第一转速旋转。更具体地，第一承载器26以可操作方式连接到转子18，使得第一承载器26和第二承载器28绕着轴线A一起旋转。第二承载器28以可操作方式连接到发动机12的输出部30，例如发动机曲轴30，并且能够绕着轴线A以第二转速旋转。
再次参考图1和2，第一离合器32以可操作方式互连第一承载器26和第二承载器28并且可位于轴线A上。第一离合器32是一个环绕轴线A的单向离合器，例如楔块离合器或者本领域技术人员已知的其他任何单向离合器。第一离合器32构造成当第一承载器26的第一转速大于第一承载器26的第二转速时超限运转。这意味着第一承载器26构造成独立于第二承载器28环绕轴线A旋转。当第二承载器28的第二转速至少等于第一承载器26的第一转速时，第一离合器32构造成环绕轴线A将第一承载器26的旋转接合并锁定到第二承载器28。当第一离合器32接合时，第二承载器28的旋转驱动第一承载器26和转子18绕轴线A的旋转。因此，当第一离合器32接合时，第一承载器26的转速等于第二承载器28的第二转速。
此外，第二离合器34设置在混合模块10内以选择性地将第一承载器26的旋转与第二承载器28的旋转锁定，如图1和2所示。第一承载器26包括至少一个第一离合器板36，而第二承载器28包括与第一离合器板36相对的至少一个第二离合器板38。第二离合器34可沿轴向设置在电动机16和发动机12之间。更具体地，第二离合器34可沿轴向设置在承载器26、28中的每一个和发动机12之间。然而，应当理解，第二离合器34可设置在本领域技术人员已知的任何其他合适位置。第二离合器34可以是选择性致动的电离合器。在一个实施方式中，该电离合器能够由12伏的电源(例如电池)操作。然而，应当理解，该电离合器不限于由12伏的电源操作，也可以使用本领域技术人员已知的其他电压。当第二离合器34被致动时将产生一个磁场，使得第一离合器板36与第二离合器板38接合。当第一和第二离合器板36、38彼此接合时，第一承载器26就锁定到第二承载器28，使得第一承载器26和第二承载器28一起绕轴线A旋转。在本实施方式中，当第一承载器26的第一转速大于第一承载器26的第二转速时，第二离合器34构造成选择性地致动和接合第一承载器26与第二承载器28。因此，第一承载器26和第二承载器28一起绕轴线A旋转以将第一承载器26的第一转速通过承载器26、28的接合传递到发动机曲轴30，从而重启或加速发动机12的输出部。第二离合器34不限于电离合器，可以使用本领域技术人员已知的任何其他离合器。
DCT 14以可操作方式连接到混合模块10的第一承载器26。参考图1，DCT 14包括双离合器组件40和齿轮箱42。双离合器组件40包括离合器承载器44，其以可操作方式连接到混合模块10的第一承载器26，如图1和2所示。离合器承载器44构造成响应于混合模块10的第一承载器26的旋转绕轴线A旋转。内部变速器轴46沿着轴线A延伸并且以可操作方式连接到设置在齿轮箱42内的第一套齿轮48。第一离合器组件50以可旋转方式连接到内部变速器轴46，使得第一离合器组件50和内部变速器轴46一起绕轴线A旋转。外部变速器轴52沿着轴线A绕内部变速器轴46延伸。外部变速器轴52以可操作方式连接到设置在齿轮箱42内的第二套齿轮54。第二离合器组件56以可旋转方式连接到外部变速器轴52，使得第二离合器组件56和外部变速器轴52一起绕轴线A旋转。第一离合器组件50能够选择性地与离合器承载器44接合以绕轴线A旋转并且驱动第一套齿轮48。类似地，第二离合器组件56能够选择性地与离合器承载器44接合以绕轴线A旋转并且驱动第二套齿轮58。应当理解，DCT 14可构造为手动变速器或自动变速器，这对于本领域技术人员是已知的。可选地，轴52、46可连接到偶数或奇数齿轮组48、54，这取决于DCT 14的总体架构。
第一和第二离合器32、34的选择性接合和脱离意味着混合模块10构造成选择性地脱离电动机16和/或发动机12而工作。当发动机12的发动机曲轴30以等于第一承载器26和转子18的第一转速的第二转速旋转第二承载器28时，第一离合器32接合，使得第一承载器26和转子18由第二承载器28绕轴线A驱动。如果能量存储设备22的充电状态低于阈值水平时，则控制器24可作为一个反相器工作以将转子18的这种旋转转变从而将能量存储设备22再充电至期望的充电状态。
在另一个实施方式中，电动机16和发动机12的发动机曲轴30相互配合以驱动DCT 14。在此实施方式中，第一承载器26和第二承载器28分别由电动机16和发动机12驱动，使得第一转速和第二转速大致相等。
在另一个实施方式中，仅仅电动机16驱动DCT 14。在此实施方式中，电动机16的转子18绕着轴线A以低于第一承载器26的第二转速的第一转速旋转第一承载器26。由于第一承载器26绕轴线A旋转，第一承载器26驱动DCT 14。第二离合器34可被致动以接合第二承载器28，从而启动发动机12的曲轴30的旋转。在此实施方式中，第二承载器28和发动机曲轴30的第二转速可因此被增加以匹配第一承载器26和电动机16的转子18的第一转速。这可以使得发动机12接管DCT14的操作，并且可根据需要为能量存储设备22再充电。可选地，第二离合器34可在需要较高车速并且需要发动机12来接管驱动DCT 14时被致动。
虽然已经详细描述了实施本发明的最佳模式，然而熟悉本发明所涉及领域的技术人员将会认识到所附权利要求范围内的用于实施本发明的多种可选设计和实施方式。

Claims (16)

1.一种构造成互连发动机和双离合变速器(DCT)的混合模块，所述混合模块包括：
第一承载器，其构造成以可操作方式连接到DCT并且能够绕着轴线以第一转速旋转；
电动机，其构造成绕着所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转；
其中所述第一承载器以可操作方式连接到所述电动机以便与所述电动机一起旋转，使得所述第一承载器的所述第一转速被传递到DCT；
第二承载器，其构造成以可操作方式连接到发动机并且能够绕着所述轴线以第二转速旋转；
第一离合器，其位于所述轴线上并且以可操作方式互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速小于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时超限运转，使得所述第一承载器独立于所述第二承载器旋转；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第二转速大致等于所述第一转速时将所述第一承载器的旋转接合并锁定到所述第二承载器，使得所述第二承载器驱动所述第一承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合模块，其中所述第二承载器构造成响应于接收到来自发动机的输出而绕所述轴线以所述第二转速旋转。
3.如权利要求1所述的混合模块，还包括第二离合器，所述第二离合器以可操作方式互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器，并且构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速大于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时选择性地致动以接合所述第一承载器与所述第二承载器，使得所述第一承载器驱动所述第二承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
4.如权利要求3所述的混合模块，其中所述第一承载器包括至少一个第一离合器板，而所述第二承载器包括空间上与所述第一离合器板相对的至少一个第二离合器板；
其中所述第二离合器构造成选择性地致动并使所述至少一个第一离合器板与所述至少一个第二离合器板相接合，使得所述第一承载器接合所述第二承载器。
5.如权利要求4所述的混合模块，其中所述第二离合器是电离合器。
6.如权利要求5所述的混合模块，其中所述第二离合器沿轴向设置在所述承载器中的每一个和所述发动机之间。
7.如权利要求1所述的混合模块，其中所述第一离合器是单向离合器。
8.如权利要求1所述的混合模块，其中所述电动机包括沿径向环绕所述轴线的转子和定子，其中所述转子构造成绕着所述轴线相对于所述定子旋转；
其中所述第一承载器以可旋转方式绕所述轴线连接到所述转子，并且构造成用于将所述第一转速传递到DCT。
9.一种用于推进车辆的混合动力系，所述混合动力系包括：
发动机；
双离合变速器(DCT)；
互连所述发动机和所述DCT的混合模块，所述混合模块包括：
第一承载器，其能够绕着轴线以第一转速旋转，
电动机，其构造成绕着所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转；
其中所述第一承载器以可操作方式连接到所述电动机以便与所述电动机一起旋转，使得所述第一承载器的所述第一转速被传递到所述DCT；
第二承载器，其以可旋转方式连接到所述发动机并且能够绕着所述轴线以第二转速旋转，
第一离合器，其环绕所述轴线并且以可操作方式互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速小于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时超限运转，使得所述第一承载器独立于所述第二承载器绕着所述轴线旋转；
其中所述第一离合器构造成当所述第二转速大致等于所述第一转速时将所述第一承载器的旋转接合并锁定到所述第二承载器，使得所述第二承载器驱动所述第一承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
10.如权利要求9所述的混合动力系，其中所述DCT包括双离合器组件和齿轮箱。
11.如权利要求9所述的混合动力系，其中所述双离合器组件包括：
离合器承载器，其以可操作方式连接到所述第一承载器，并且构造成响应于绕所述绕轴线以所述第一转速旋转的所述第一承载器而绕所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转；
内部变速器轴，其沿着所述轴线延伸并且以可操作方式连接到第一套齿轮；
第一离合器组件，其以可旋转方式连接到所述内部变速器轴；
外部变速器轴，其沿着所述轴线环绕所述内部变速器轴延伸，并且以可操作方式连接到第二套齿轮；
第二离合器组件，其以可旋转方式连接到所述外部变速器轴；
其中所述第一离合器组件构造成选择性地与所述离合器承载器连接从而当所述第一离合器组件接合所述离合器承载器时绕所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转以便驱动所述第一套齿轮；
其中所述第二离合器组件构造成选择性地与所述离合器承载器连接从而当所述第二离合器组件接合所述离合器承载器时绕所述轴线以所述第一转速旋转以便驱动所述第二套齿轮。
12.如权利要求9所述的混合动力系，还包括第二离合器，所述第二离合器以可操作方式连接到所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器并且构造成当所述第一承载器的所述第一转速大于所述第二承载器的所述第二转速时选择性地致动并将所述第一承载器接合到所述第二承载器，使得所述第一承载器驱动所述第二承载器绕着所述轴线旋转。
13.如权利要求12所述的混合动力系，其中所述第二离合器是电离合器。
14.如权利要求12所述的混合动力系，其中所述第二离合器沿所述轴线轴向地设置在所述承载器中的每一个和所述发动机之间。
15.一种操作混合模块以驱动双离合变速器(DCT)的方法，所述方法包括：
操作电动机以使第一承载器和DCT绕着轴线以第一转速旋转；
使第二承载器和发动机的输出部绕着所述轴线以第二转速旋转；
使互连所述第一承载器和所述第二承载器的第一离合器在所述第一转速小于所述第二转速时超限运转，从而使得仅所述第一承载器绕着所述轴线驱动DCT；
当所述第二转速大致等于所述第一转速时接合所述第一离合器，从而将所述第一承载器锁定到所述第二承载器，使得所述第二承载器驱动所述第一承载器和DCT绕着所述轴线旋转。
16.如权利要求15所述的操作混合模块的方法，还包括：
选择性地致动第二离合器以接合所述第一承载器与所述第二承载器，使得所述第一承载器驱动所述第二承载器和DCT绕着所述轴线旋转。
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